2022版高考英语一轮复习 语法专题突破 专题四 形容词和副词练习（含解析）外研版.doc

1、专题四 形容词和副词达标检测单句语法填空1(2020新课标卷)Landing on the moons far side is _extremely (extreme) challenging. 解析：考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式。故填extremely。2(2020新课标卷)Data about the moons composition, such as how _much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whet

2、her its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 解析：考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰。故填much。3(2020新课标卷)Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. _Certainly (certain) during the holiday

3、period, this plant is a must. 解析：考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能符合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。4(2020新课标卷)Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The _beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 解析：考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词bran

4、ches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。5(2020新课标卷)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their _finest (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. 解析：考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级

5、finest。故填finest。6(2019全国卷)We are so proud of her. Its _wonderful (wonder). 解析：考查词性转化。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，需要把名词wonder转化为形容词wonderful。故填wonderful。7(2019浙江卷)School uniforms are _traditional (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 解析：考查词性转化。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开

6、始允许学生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，“传统”的意思。因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。8(2018全国卷)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _global (globe)fertilizer consumption. 解析：考查词性转换。句意：根据世界银行，中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。9(2018全国卷)Runni

7、ng is cheap, easy and its always _energetic (energy). 解析：考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据its可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。10(2018浙江卷)The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be _affordable (afford) but doing this most days adds up. 解析：考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”。故填afford

8、able。11(全国卷)The Central London Railway was one of the most _successful (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900解析：“one of the形容词最高级(可数名词复数)”表示“最的之一”，此处应填success的形容词形式successful。12(浙江卷)But something made her look closer, and she noticed a _shiny/shining (shine) object. 解析：空格处修饰名词object，故用

9、形容词。shine的形容词形式为shiny/shining, 意为“闪闪发光的”。13(四川)She was a very _caring/careful (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something to eat!解析：空格处修饰名词mother，故用形容词，care的形容词是caring(照料他人的)或careful(细心的)。在此，两个形容词在语意上都能讲得通。故填caring/careful。14(新课标全国)There were many people waiting a

10、t the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _disappointed (disappoint). 解析：第二个分句中，主语是some of them, and连接两个并列成分，再结合前面的形容词anxious可知，此处也应该填一个形容词。故用disappointed表示“他们中有些人感到失望”。15(2019全国卷)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _poorly (p

11、oor) studied. 解析：考查形容词副词的相互转化。空格处的词应该修饰后面的动词studied，故用副词poorly。句意：很难计算出全球北极熊的数量，因为已经对北极熊的分布范围进行的研究还不够。16(2019全国卷)Her years of hard work have been _finally (final)acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名)her to be Chelshires Woman Of The Year. 解析：考查形容词副词的相互转化。空格处的词应该修饰后面的动词acknowledged，故用副词finally

12、。句意：在一位顾客提名她为切尔什尔年度最佳女性后，她多年的辛勤工作(最终)得到了认可。17(2019全国卷)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were _hugely (huge) popular with visitors. 解析：考查形容词副词的相互转化。空格后的popular 是形容词，应该被副词修饰。故填hugely。句意：他们还与我们分享了许多关于夏威夷的传统故事，这些故事在游客中很受欢迎。18 (201811月浙江高考) _Recently (recent ), caffeine

13、has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks. 解析：考查词性转换之形容词转化为副词。此处应该用recent的副词形式来做全句的时间状语。故填Recently。19(2018全国卷)A taste for meat is _actually (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. 解析：考查副词。第一句句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结

14、构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。20(全国卷)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been _fairly (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 解析：所填词修饰形容词unpleasant，故用fair的副词形式fairly。21(广东)He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned. _Luckily (lucky), he also had a

15、cow which produced milk every day. 解析：第二句句意：幸运的是，他还有一头奶牛，每天都能产奶。luckily adv. “幸运的是”，这里用副词修饰整个句子。22(2018全国卷)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years _longer (long) than non-runners. 解析：考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级。故填longer。23(2018全国卷)While runn

16、ing regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life _than walking, cycling or swimming. 解析：考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective可知，此处填than。24(2018全国卷)He screams the _loudest (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest

17、 and charges toward me. 解析：考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，这里指所有猩猩中喊叫“最大声的”，所以用最高级loudest。25(2018浙江卷)There could be an even _higher (high) cost on your health. 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级。故填higher。26(全国卷)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even _wor

18、se (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. 解析：第二句句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。even worse“更糟的是”，可以看作固定搭配。故填worse。27(浙江卷)Pahlsson screamed _so loudly that her daughter came running from the house. 解析：分析句子结构可知，so与后面的that构成句型so that 意为“如此以至于”。so修饰副词loudly。28(全国)It was

19、raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours _before/earlier , Id been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog. 解析：由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中忍受着那里令人窒息的雾霾。由此可知before/earlier符合句意。单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1(2020新课标卷)Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. _simply改为

20、simple 解析：考查形容词。句意：今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故将simply改为simple。2(2020新课标卷)Im surely youll have a good time. _将surely改为sure 解析：考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。3(2020新课标卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day

21、. _such改为so 解析：考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以”。故将such改为so。4(2020新课标卷)See you sooner. _sooner改为soon 解析：考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。5(2020新课标卷)In order to make surely all of us are in good health, she makes specific plans for us. _su

22、rely改成sure 解析：考查固定短语。句意：为了确保我们所有人身体好，她为我们制定了特殊的计划。 make sure确保，该短语是固定短语，所以surely改成sure。6(2019全国卷) First, I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly. _coolly改成cool 解析：考查形容词副词的相互转化。look此处意为“看起来”，是系动词，其后形容词做表语，故把coolly改成cool。句意：首先，我想成为一名消防员，他的制服看起来很酷。7(2019全国卷) What I want is not just an o

23、rdinarily cafe but a very special one. _ordinarilyordinary 解析：本句中cafe是名词，其前面应该用形容词来修饰，故把ordinarily改成ordinary。句意：我想要的不是一个普通的咖啡馆，而是一个非常特别的咖啡馆。8(全国卷)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road. _suddenlysudden 解析：此处stop是名词，名词前是形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。9(2017全国)I enjoye

24、d studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums. _differencedifferent 解析：形容词修饰名词kinds。10(2019全国卷) From now on，I started to play football with classmates after school. _now改成then 解析：考查副词。from then on，从那时起，一般接一般过去时。 与from now on 区别开来， from now

25、on，从现在起，一般接一般将来时。根据后面的started用的是过去时态，句意“从那时开始，放学后我开始和同学们踢足球”，故把now改成then。11(全国)Dad and I were terrible worried. _terribleterribly 解析：worried为形容词化了的过去分词，修饰形容词应该用副词，所以将terrible改为terribly。12(2018全国卷)Immediate, I raised my hand. _ImmediateImmediately 解析：考查副词。此处要用副词在句中作状语修饰整个句子，故把immediate改为immediately。1

26、3(新课标全国)The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste. _tastetasty 解析：句中的small, juicy与taste并列，所以应该都用形容词，故将taste改为tasty。14(2018全国卷)I felt happily that their life had improved. _happilyhappy 解析：考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。felt在此是系动词，要用形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。15(全国卷)They often get up earlier and wat

27、er the vegetables together. _earlierearly 解析：此处叙述他们经常早起这一事实，没有比较的意思，故不用比较级。16(全国)They were also the best and worse years in my life. _worseworst 解析：与前面的best并列，此处应用最高级。17(全国卷)I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. _去掉much 解析：这句话中含有so that (如此以至于)结构，故much在此处是多余的。18(20

28、17全国)A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. _latelater 解析：“一段时间later”表示“多长时间之后”，是固定用法。19(全国)Much rare animals are dying out. _MuchMany 解析：animals为可数名词复数形式，所以用many修饰；much只能修饰不可数名词。故将Much改为Many。20(新课标全国)Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and I pl

29、anted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden. _beforeago 解析：相对于说话时以前用ago；相对于过去的某个时间或动作之前才用before。故将before改为ago。语法填空Visitors to Britain may find the 1. _best (good) place to enjoy local culture is in a 2. _traditional (tradition) pub. A team of researchers have discovered some of the unknown cu

30、lture of British pubsstarting with the 3. _difficulty (difficult) of getting a drink. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a 4. _hidden (hide) meaning. Pub culture is formed to improve sociability in a society that is known for its coldness. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat wi

31、th others who are waiting to be served. The bar counter is 5. _possibly (possible) the only place in Britain where a 6. _friendly (friend) talk with strangers is considered to be 7. _entirely (entire) proper and really quite normal behavior. 8. _However , if you do not follow the local rules，the exp

32、erience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group，it is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff angry 9. _more (much) than a group of 10. _strangers (strange) blocking all passages to the bar while they chat and hesitate about

33、 what to order. 文章大意：本文讲述的是关于享受英国文化最好的去处：酒吧。解析：1考查形容词最高级的用法。根据语境分析可知，此处暗含了一定的范围。即“在英国”，应该填提示词的最高级形式best。2考查派生词的用法。分析句子成分可知，此处应该填一个形容词作定语，修饰名词pub，所以填提示词的形容词形式traditional。3考查派生词的用法。所填单词前有定冠词the，其后有介词，故应填写difficult的名词形式。4考查形容词的用法。hidden是hide的过去分词，又可作形容词，意思是“隐藏的”。此处修饰名词meaning。故填hidden。5考查派生词的用法。此处在句中修饰

34、系动词，作状语，应该填提示词的副词形式possibly。6考查派生词的用法。根据语境“与陌生人友好的交谈”可知，此处在句中作定语，填提示词的形容词形式friendly。7考查派生词的用法。此处在句中作状语，修饰形容词proper，填提示词的副词形式entirely。8考查副词的用法。根据语境可知，上下文之间为转折关系，且空格处用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，所以填表示转折关系的副词however。9考查比较级的用法。根据后面的than可知，此处填提示词的比较级形式more。10根据横线所在的位置可知此处应填名词词性，短语“a group of”只修饰名词复数，故填strangers。短文改错Dear

35、 Tom，Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice how to read books correct. To read successful requires right ways of reading. Here is my advice. First of all，choose a book which is neither too difficulty nor too easy for you. If you find it too hardly to go on with the hook, just put it asi

36、de for a moment and change it for an easy one. Therefore, choose books that not only interest you but benefit from you, since reading is not always for fun only. Finally, do make the most of dictionaries, as dictionaries are your best teacher. I hope my advice will be of greatly help to you. Yours s

37、incerely，Li Hua答案：Dear Tom，Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice how to read books . To read requires right ways of reading. Here is my advice. First of all，choose a book which is neither too nor too easy for you. If you find it too to go on with the hook, just put it aside for a momen

38、t and change it for an one. , choose books that not only interest you but benefit from you, since reading is not always for fun only. Finally, do make the most of dictionaries, as dictionaries are your best . I hope my advice will be of help to you. Yours sincerely，Li Hua. 增分写作训练写作中利用高级词汇可以使作文丰富多彩。请

39、利用词形转换知识升级下面各句中的加黑体词汇。1Not only does Chinese calligraphy benefit health, but also it can cultivate morality and make our souls pure. Not only is Chinese calligraphy _beneficial to/of benefit to health, but also it can cultivate morality and _purify our souls. 2Im pleased to tell you how to learn Chinese calligraphy. Its my _pleasure to tell you how to learn Chinese calligraphy. 3What is important is to develop their interest in learning English, creating a good learning environment. What is of _importance is to make them _interested in learning English, creating a good learning environment.