2022版高考英语一轮复习 课时提升作业十九 选修7 Unit 19 Language（含解析）北师大版.doc

1、十九选修7 Unit 19Language. 阅读理解A(2021成都模拟)WASHINGTONThousands of public schools stopped teaching foreign languages in the last decade, according to a survey. But another contrary trend has educators and policy makers abuzz: a rush by schools in all parts of America to offer instructions in Chinese. Some

2、 schools are paying for Chinese classes on their own, but hundreds are getting some help. The Chinese government is sending teachers from China to schools all over the worldand paying part of their salaries. No one keeps an exact count, but rough calculations based on the governments survey suggest

3、that perhaps 1, 600 American public and private schools are teaching Chinese, up from 300 or so a decade ago. And the number is growing exponentially(成倍地). “Its really changing the language education landscape of this country, ” said Nancy C. Rhodes, director at the center. Other indicators point to

4、 the same trend. “The number of students taking the Advanced Placement test in Chinese, introduced in 2007, has grown so fast that it is likely to pass German this year as the third most-tested A. P. language, after Spanish and French, ”said Trevor Packer, vice president at the College Board. “Weve

5、all been surprised that in such a short time Chinese would grow to surpass A. P. German, ” Mr Packer said. A decade ago, most of the schools with Chinese programs were on the East and West Coasts. But in recent years, many schools have started Chinese programs in heartland states, including Ohio and

6、 Illinois in the Midwest, Texas and Georgia in the South, and Colorado and Utah in the Rocky Mountain West. America has had the study of a foreign language grow before, only to see the bubble burst. Many schools began teaching Japanese in the 1980s, after Japan emerged as an economic rival. But thou

7、sands have dropped the language, the survey found. Japanese is not the only language that has declined. Thousands of schools that offered French, German or Russian have stopped teaching those languages, too, the survey found. 【文章大意】中国随着经济的发展, 在世界上的地位日益重要, 全美国掀起了学汉语热潮。1. Whats the meaning of the unde

8、rlined word “abuzz” in the first paragraph? A. Be noisy like the sound of a bee. B. Be lively for various activities. C. Cause people to discuss something hotly. D. Motivate people to march bravely. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据语境可知美国的教育者和政策制定者都针对一个现象而议论纷纷美国各地的学校都在争先恐后地提供汉语教育。C项符合语境。2. What can we infer from what

9、 Mr Packer said? A. More and more people choose Chinese in A. P. test. B. A. P. test is the most difficult one in the world. C. Chinese is more important than Spanish and French. D. Chinese is a necessary subject in most important tests. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段第三句话可知参加中文高级课程考试的学生人数增长很快, 今年很可能会超过德语考试, 成为A

10、. P. 语言考试的第三名。由此可知越来越多的人选择汉语A. P. 语言考试。3. What can we know from the last two paragraphs? A. Many schools started Chinese programs in the Midwest ten years ago. B. Chinese programs have been started in more areas in America recently. C. American schools have stopped teaching French, German and Russia

11、n. D. People are gradually fond of learning Chinese and Japanese in recent years. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的But in recent years, many schools have started Chinese programs in heartland states可知, 汉语在美国更多的地区流行起来。4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Chinese is being learned as an official language i

12、n America. B. Foreign languages fade in American schools except Chinese. C. Teaching Chinese in foreign countries has become a trend. D. Foreign languages are no longer being taught in America. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文用对比的手法表明在美国汉语言学习呈流行趋势, 但同时, 其他外国语言却越来越不受重视。BMany people think that the most popular way of

13、communicating with other people is through the mouth. But what they dont know is that actual communication using the mouth accounts for only around 10% (or even less) of all the means to communicate a message. Moreover, you can never determine the truthfulness or honesty of people by what they say a

14、lone. In fact, words expressed through the mouth often do not reflect what people really think or feel. The more reliable way you can determine their true inner feelings and thoughts is by reading their body language. Everybody communicates using these gestures and if you understand the gestures and

15、 their meanings you will be able to read people and know what they are really communicating to you. One researcher even goes as far as to say that we speak to hide whats on our minds. But gestures cannot lie. Have you ever wondered what it would be like if you can “see through” the emotions of other

16、 people? Lets say you ask a person whether he can do an important task. He says “OK”. But deep inside, you are questioning yourself, “Is he really willing to do this job? ” or “Does he have the confidence in finishing this task? ” You cant question him directly because that would be like belittling

17、him. And even if you ask him those questions, his replies will not tell you what he really feels or thinks. So the most useful way is to observe his body language. Expressions like smiling, frowning, pouting, facial reddening, sweating, toe curling and sideways glances are visible hints that can hel

18、p you make a right judgment. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了人们之间的交际不仅通过语言完成, 也通过体态语言进行。5. According to the passage, we know _. A. words through the mouth are the most common way in communicationB. body language is the quickest way to help people understand each otherC. expressions are the most powerful tool to judge

19、whether a man is confident or notD. you may know what a person really thinks with the help of reading his body language【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章首段介绍语言交流只占所有交流方式的10%或者更少。后文介绍体态语言的重要性, 但没有说明最主要的交流方式是什么, 也没有说体态语言是最快捷的交流方式或者最强有力的交流工具, 故只有D项的说法合理。6. What does the underlined sentence mean in the second paragraph? A

20、. We can express ourselves well by body language. B. We use words to prevent others knowing our true thoughts. C. Spoken words can fully reflect our true self. D. We use body language to help express ourselves. 【解析】选B。句意猜测题。根据下文But gestures cannot lie. (但体态语言却不会撒谎)及句中hide的意思, 可知此句意为: 我们用言语来掩盖真实意图, 故

21、选B项。7. You can see through the feelings of other people by _. A. listening carefully to himB. asking if he could finish a taskC. speaking politely to himD. studying his gestures carefully【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中So the most useful way is to observe his body language. 可知D项正确。8. Which of the following state

22、ments is right according to the passage? A. You can decide the honesty of a man by his words. B. People always communicate with others through the mouth. C. Facial expressions are not important in communication. D. Gestures are important in peoples communication. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段可知B项错误; 根据第二段首句可知A

23、项错误; 根据最后一段可知C项错误; 本文主要介绍体态语言的重要性, 故D项正确。. 阅读填句(2021广州模拟)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Learning to understand spoken English can be difficult. Learners must not only master new sounds, but also learn conversational idioms. Thats a lot to learn! But they may soon realize there is somethin

24、g else going on. 1 These different styles of speaking are called “registers”. In their work, language experts identify three major factors that affect the register of spoken English: the place of the conversation, the relationship of the speakers, and the purpose of the conversation. 2 Even two best

25、 friends who work and live together may speak more formally to each other in the office. At home, one might say, “Cmon, I wanna leave. ” The same person at work might say, “Are you ready to go now? ”The relationship of the speakers also affects the language they use with each other. People speak les

26、s formally to friends and more formally to strangers. 3 People who know each other well might use more idioms and more slang in their speech. An angry woman might tell her daughter to “hush your mouth” and her sister to “quiet down”. Finally, the purpose of the conversation affects peoples speech. A

27、 person who wants to ease hurt feelings uses a soft, quiet tone. 4Few speakers realize that they change registers according to these factors. 5 We are not aware that we make these changes. We accept the changeability of the weather, but we often refuse to accept the changeability of speech. A. In fa

28、ct, most people strongly deny it. B. People generally speak less at work than they do at home. C. The very same person speaks differently in different situations. D. Therefore, we should be careful not to hurt each other with our speech. E. On the other hand, a person who wants to pick a fight speak

29、s rapidly and loudly. F. The place where the conversation takes place directly affects the language of the conversation. G. Because they already share information and experience with friends, they do not need to explain as much. 1. 【解析】选C。从下句可知, These different styles of speaking are called “registe

30、rs”. 这些不同的说话方式被称为“语域”。所以选C。同一个人在不同的情况下会说不同的话。2. 【解析】选F。从第二段的关键词in the office, At home, at work可知, 选F。谈话发生的地点直接影响谈话的语言。3. 【解析】选G。从“People speak less formally to friends and more formally to strangers. ”以及下句 “People who know each other”可知选G。 因为他们已经和朋友分享信息和经验, 所以他们不需要解释太多。4. 【解析】选E。从上句中的“a soft, quiet

31、tone. ”可知选E, 对应E项中的speaks rapidly and loudly。5. 【解析】选A。从上一句及下一句可知, 很少有人意识到他们根据这些因素改变语域。我们不知道我们做了这些改变。故选A。. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Easy Ways to Build VocabularyIts not all that hard 1. _(build) an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, its an ongoing process, and the b

32、est part of the process is that theres enough room for improvement, 2. _ means youll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldnt think that a few 3. _ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for 4. _ rest of your life, and thats also true for building

33、 your vocabularyyou have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. One of the 5. _ (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 6. _(real)read at least one good book a week , preferably a classic. This isnt as hard as it 7. _ (s

34、ound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while reading an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and use 8. _ (they) unconsciously, 9. _(mean) that you will tend to use the words 10. _(learn) in conversations

35、almost automatically. 【文章大意】积累大量高级的词汇并不难, 文中介绍了积累词汇的方法, 并在对话中自动运用所积累的词汇。1. 【解析】to build。考查非谓语动词。It是形式主语, 真正的主语是to build an advanced and large vocabulary。2. 【解析】which。考查定语从句关系词。通过分析句子结构可知, 空白处所填的词指代逗号前的theres enough room for improvement, which在句中为关系代词, 引导非限制性定语从句, 并在句中作主语。3. 【解析】months。考查名词的数。month为可

36、数名词, 且由a few可知, month应用复数形式。4. 【解析】the。考查固定短语。the rest 剩余的, the rest of ones life余生。5. 【解析】effective。考查形容词。此处要表达的是“有效的方法之一”, ways是名词, 需要用形容词来修饰, 因此填effective。6. 【解析】really。考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词 read。7. 【解析】sounds。考查主谓一致。这件事并不像听起来那么难, 描述的是一般事实, 而且主语为it, 因此用sound的一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。8. 【解析】them。考查代词。另一个好处是你不知不觉中

37、学到了新词并且使用它们, 作宾语, 应当用宾格形式。9. 【解析】meaning。考查非谓语动词。作伴随状语, 表主动, mean意味着。10. 【解析】learned/learnt。考查非谓语动词。你自然会在对话中使用通过读书学到的词汇。learned/learnt作后置定语修饰words, 表示“已学过的词”, words与learn是被动关系, 因此用过去分词形式。. 阅读理解(2021郑州模拟)Very few of us become fluent in another language by studying it in high school. I went to univers

38、ity and then moved across the country, pursued a demanding career, married and raised children. I made an effort to maintain the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized that this was pointless. I was well aware that new languages are best learned when young, and that o

39、ur abilities in that regard decline with age. However, just before my 50th birthday, I signed up for French classes. After I was tested to see which group I belonged in, I was placed at almost the introductory level. When I looked around at my first Saturday morning class, I was struck by how many o

40、f the students were learning French as a third, fourth, or even fifth language. Contrary to my assumption that learning a new language was impossibly difficult, there were people who learned new languages as a matter of course. I found that it really was true that certain linguistic (语言的) abilities

41、fade with age. While Id always thought of myself as a quick learner, that was no longer the case. I absorbed new vocabulary very slowly. What I learned one week seemed to slip away as soon as I learned the next skill. I looked up the same words and language structures over and over again. Now, a cou

42、ple of years in, I can listen to the news in French and catch 90 percent of it on the first try, read a novel if the language is not too difficult, and hold up my end of a conversation if it doesnt go too fast. Who knows what I might still accomplish? Ive learned so much beyond grammar and vocabular

43、y. Ive met people from around the world and all walks of life who have the courage to make fools of themselves in order to learn something new. Ive been taught by patient and inspirational teachers from many corners of the world, including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa. Listening

44、to the news as it is presented to the people of France, I have a renewed understanding of how something can look completely different from another viewpoint. Ive learned that a language is not just a set of words, but a way of thinking. But most of all, Ive learned that it really is never too late t

45、o learn something new. 【文章大意】本文讲述了作者通过学习法语的亲身经历感悟到学习新技能永远都不晚。1. When the author took her first French class, she _. A. was ashamed that she was learning it at such an old ageB. was afraid of being unable to learn itC. was curious about her teachers and classmatesD. was encouraged by her classmates【解

46、析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I looked around at my first Saturday morning class, I was struck by how many of the students were learning French as a third, fourth, or even fifth language. ”当我在星期六早上的第一堂课上环顾四周时, 我惊讶地发现, 有多少学生把法语作为第三、第四甚至第五语言来学习, 这让我很震惊, 深受鼓舞。2. What was the biggest challenge for the author

47、when learning French? A. She found the language structures puzzling. B. She often confused French with English. C. She couldnt learn things as quickly as before. D. She made a fool of herself when having conversations in French. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “I found that it really was true that certain ling

48、uistic abilities fade with age. ”以及第四段可知, 我发现某些语言能力确实会随着年龄的增长而衰退。3. After studying French for a few years, the author _. A. became aware of different cultural perspectivesB. became a fluent French speakerC. considered listening to news the best way to learn a languageD. can teach others French vocab

49、ulary and grammar【解析】选A。 细节理解题。从最后一段“I have a renewed understanding of how something can look completely different from another viewpoint. ” 可知, 我重新理解了从另一个角度看事物是如何完全不同的。4. What is the authors attitude towards language learning ? A. Confused. B. Positive. C. Frightened. D. Casual. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。通读全文,

50、特别是最后一段中的“But most of all, Ive learned that it really is never too late to learn something new. ”可知, 对决定学习新知识的人来说, 年龄不是问题, 作者用自己50岁学习法语的经历告诉我们, 什么时候学习都不晚, 作者持有一种积极的态度。. 完形填空My heart story started when I was 13 years old. My father died of a heart attack while on a golf course at the young age of 45.

51、 Heart disease 1 in my family. Like my father, I have astronomically high lipid (脂质) levels and the good news is that today there are some 2that can significantly reduce my lipid levels to 3 normal ranges. In 2011, when I was 45 and my own son was 13, history 4 itself. While skating with my son, I b

52、egan to 5 an “uncomfortable feeling”. I didnt think it was heart-related. When we 6 my wife gave me aspirin and we decided to go to see my 7the next day because my symptoms had 8decreased. My doctor sent us straight9the hospital where I had my heart examined. Tests 10 that I had trouble with my hear

53、t. After nine days at the hospital and a surgery, I went home on my 46th birthday with a 11 life. 12 there was no evidence of any heart damage at all. My doctor told me that I must have been doing 13 pretty good before my heart attack because patients didnt usually 14 the kind of blockage I had, or

54、they encountered 15 damage to the heart. I told them that I had been 16walking for seven years before my heart attack, walking up to 20 miles a week. Several people in the medical profession told me that walking 17 my life! This October, I will be walking at the Heart and Stroke Walk in Tacoma. Ever

55、y step is a18 that life is fragile and can be taken from us at any moment. My 19 to you is very simple: 20 someone has heart disease in your family, there is something he can do about it. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者因心脏病发作住院, 手术之后很快康复。事实证明, 是他平时的走路运动对他身体的康复起着重要作用。1. A. runs B. affectsC. joinsD. gets【解析】选A。下

56、文表明, 作者也像父亲那样患有心脏病, 因此 “在我们家, 心脏病是遗传的”, run是不及物动词, 表示“传播, 延续”。2. A. measuresB. waysC. drugsD. ideas【解析】选C。下文的“significantly reduce my lipid levels”表明, 作者利用药物来降低自己的脂质水平。3. A. aboveB. belowC. nearD. with【解析】选C。使用药物是为了让脂质达到正常的水平, 故near“接近”符合语境。4. A. coversB. remainsC. repeatsD. controls【解析】选C。和父亲一样, 作者

57、也是在45岁时心脏病发作, 因此此处指历史又重演了。repeat“重演, 再次发生”, 符合语境。5. A. expressB. avoidC. expandD. experience【解析】选D。下文作者吃药、看医生表明此处指作者有不舒服的感觉, experience“经历, 感受”, 符合语境。6. A. set outB. got backC. calmed downD. got away【解析】选B。上文的“While skating with my son”表明作者没有在家, 故此处指当他回到家时, 他的妻子给了他阿司匹林。7. A. sonB. friendC. motherD.

58、doctor【解析】选D。下文的“My doctor sent us straight. . . ”暗示着作者和妻子决定一起去看医生。8. A. hardlyB. considerablyC. completelyD. practically【解析】选B。上文的“the next day”说明, 作者没有马上看医生是因为他的症状大大减轻了。considerably“很, 非常, 相当大地”, 符合语境。9. A. forB. toC. inD. at【解析】选B。句中的“the hospital where I had my heart examined”说明医生直接把我们送到医院, to表示

59、“向, 朝, 到, 往”, 符合语境。10. A. exposedB. declaredC. showedD. implied【解析】选C。下文中的“a surgery”表明此处指测试显示作者的心脏有问题。show“说明, 表明, 显示”, 符合语境。11. A. specialB. commonC. newD. colorful【解析】选C。经过住院治疗, 作者很幸运地康复了, 得到了新的(new)生命。12. A. AmazinglyB. FortunatelyC. NaturallyD. Eventually【解析】选A。令人惊讶的是, “我”的心脏没有任何损伤的痕迹。amazingly

60、“令人惊讶地, 惊人地”。13. A. somethingB. nothingC. everythingD. anything【解析】选A。下文提到散步, 说明作者一直在做对身体有益的事情。14. A. sufferB. abandonC. understandD. survive【解析】选D。作者很快从突发心脏病中康复, 和他相比, 其他病人则不是那么幸运, 没有幸免。survive“幸存, 挺过”, 符合语境。15. A. significantB. slightC. permanentD. minor【解析】选A。此处指这些病人即使康复之后, 也会有明显的心脏损伤。与上文中的“no ev

61、idence of any heart damage at all”形成对比。significant“显著的, 重大的”, 符合语境。16. A. referring toB. seeking forC. wondering atD. insisting on【解析】选D。下文中的“walking for seven years. . . ”“walking up to 20 miles a week”说明, 作者一直坚持走路。insist on“坚持”, 符合语境。17. A. improvedB. savedC. treatedD. enriched【解析】选B。医疗界的人告诉作者是走路挽

62、救了作者的生命。save“挽救”, 符合语境。18. A. signB. battleC. dreamD. reminder【解析】选D。作者用运动的方式提醒自己, 生命是如此脆弱, 随时会被夺走。reminder“提示, 提醒物”, 符合语境。19. A. planB. messageC. thoughtD. course【解析】选B。 作者用自己的经历传达有关健康的信息。20. A. unlessB. thoughC. ifD. whether【解析】选C。 如果你家里有人得了心脏病, 他可以做些什么。if 如果, 引导状语从句。. 短文改错The world seems to be fa

63、cing two problem. One is that too many people are dangerous over-weighted. This type of problem called obesity(肥胖症). Obesity is when a person have more than 2530 percent of body fat. The other problem is a illness called anorexia(厌食症). This is when people are dangerously thin; we are less than 85% o

64、f their normal body weight. All of these problems are very serious because of the body cannot work properly when it is too fat or too thin. The heart, liver, kidneys and lungs will not be able to keep the body health. People can die from illnesses causing by being too fat or too thin. 答案: 【文章大意】本文是一

65、篇健康类短文。文章指出, 太胖或太瘦都容易引起健康方面的问题。1. 【解析】第一句problem改为problems。考查名词的数。名词problem为可数名词, 根据前面的数词two可知, 用复数形式。句意: 世界似乎面临两个问题。2. 【解析】第二句dangerous改为dangerously。考查副词。修饰形容词over-weighted, 用副词形式。句意: 其中一个问题是, 有太多的人体重超标, 这是非常危险的。3. 【解析】第三句called前加is。考查动词语态。句中主语problem与call之间为被动关系, 故用被动语态。句意: 这类问题被称为肥胖症。4. 【解析】第四句ha

66、ve改为has。考查主谓一致。表语从句中主语为a person, 为单数名词, 故表语从句中谓语动词用单数形式。句意: 肥胖是指一个人体内脂肪含量超过25%30%。5. 【解析】第五句a改为an。考查冠词。名词illness的读音以元音音素开头, 故用不定冠词an。句意: 另一个问题是一种叫厌食症的疾病。6. 【解析】第六句we改为they。考查代词。这里指代前句中的people, 故用代词they。句意: 他们的体重还不到正常体重的85%。7. 【解析】第七句All改为Both。根据上文可知, 文中提及了两种问题, 故用both。句意: 这两种问题都是非常严重的。8. 【解析】第七句去掉第二

67、个of。因为the body cannot work properly为句子, 所以用连词because; 而because of后接名词或短语。句意: 因为当身体太胖或太瘦时, 就不能正常工作。9. 【解析】第八句health改为healthy。这里考查keep + 宾语 + 形容词。句意: 心脏、肝脏、肾脏和肺将无法保持身体健康。10. 【解析】第九句causing改为caused。考查非谓语动词。名词illnesses与cause之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词作定语。句意: 人们可能死于由太胖或太瘦引起的疾病。. 书面表达假如你是李华, 你的好朋友Mike在学习汉语方面有困难, 尤其在写

68、作方面。请给他一些学习建议。 1. 要有自信心; 2. 多记一些惯用词组 (set phrases) 和句型结构 (sentence structures), 多造句, 经常练习; 3. 大量阅读可以提高写作水平; 4. 多背诵一些好的短文; 5. 写日记是提高写作的好方法。要求: 1. 至少写出五项内容; 2. 词数100左右; 3. 不要逐字逐条翻译, 可以适当增加细节。【参考范文】Dear Mike, Having received your letter, Im glad to give you some suggestions. First of all, dont be disap

69、pointed. Many students find it difficult to write well. In my opinion, if you want to improve your writing, you should do several things. Youd better remember more set phrases and sentence structures. Keep a list of them and make some sentences with them. And, in order to write well, you must learn

70、to read much, which will contribute to building your vocabulary and help to better your writing skills. Whats more, youd better recite some good passages, where you can enjoy many beautiful sentences and learn some useful expressions. In addition, keeping a diary is an effective way. You can have a try without delay and its necessary to practise writing as often as possible. Follow your dream and youll find success is just around the corner! Good luck to you in your Chinese writing. Yours truly, Li Hua