2022高三英语北师大版一轮复习课时作业：必修5 UNIT 14 CAREERS 单元主题语篇训练 （一） WORD版含解析.doc

1、Unit 14 单元主题语篇训练 （课时作业一）ATina Rees, 50English teacher (Canadian)I wanted to be a doctor and help people.I was always playing doctor with dolls, wrapping their arms and legs in tissues! My mom was a nurse, and my two sisters are now nurses, but I went into finance.The educational requirements to be a

2、 doctor are too much for me now, but I feel Im helping people and contributing to society as a teacher.John Podeszwa, 45English school owner (American)Ive always loved animals, and as a little boy I first wanted to be a frog, then a chimp.When told I had to be something human, I chose zookeeper. I w

3、orked at a zoo in high school, but I wouldnt want to do that job now, although I am fulfilling my dream of helping rescued animals, since I own a honey bear, an albino snake (患白化病的蛇), a dog and some cats!Miwa Gilligan, 48Parttime worker (Japanese)As a little girl I wanted to be many things, and when

4、 my grandmother suggested that as an actress I could play various roles, that stuck with me.The Takarazuka Revue (宝冢歌剧团) was popular during my childhood, so that also inspired me.Of course I would still like to become an actress.Hiromitsu Tokunaga, 55Sewage worker (Japanese)My dream job both as a ch

5、ild and now is to be an astronaut.I grew up during the “Space Race” era and remember well the first moon landing, the famous scifi movie 2001, and all the rest.I still have a strong dream of going into space, and in my lifetime hope to see regular affordable space tours for people like me!语篇解读：本文是一篇

6、应用文。文章中的四个人分别讲述了自己儿时的梦想职业、工作的现状以及对未来的憧憬。1We know from the text that _.ATina Rees is satisfied with her present jobBTina Rees once received medical educationCTinas two sisters do the same job as their mother doesDtheir mothers preference to Tinas sisters disappointed Tina解析：选A细节理解题。根据Tina Rees部分中的“I

7、feel Im helping people and contributing to society as a teacher.”可知，她对于自己目前做老师的工作很满意。2Who would still like to do their childhood dream jobs if they could?AMiwa Gilligan and Tina Rees.BTina Rees and John Podeszwa.CJohn Podeszwa and Hiromitsu Tokunaga.DHiromitsu Tokunaga and Miwa Gilligan.解析：选D推理判断题。根

8、据Miwa Gilligan部分可知，孩提时梦想当演员，她现在依然乐意当演员；根据Hiromitsu Tokunaga部分可知，从儿时到现在，他依然乐意做宇航员。3What can we infer from the text?APeople like Hiromitsu Tokunaga can go on regular affordable space tours.BIn John Podeszwas school, students are encouraged to help rescued animals.CAt least two of the people were influ

9、enced by others in their dream job choice.DThe requirements didnt stop Tina Rees from realizing her doctor dream.解析：选C推理判断题。通读全文可知，在选择梦想的职业时，Tina Rees受母亲和两个姐妹的影响，Miwa Gilligan受祖母的影响，Hiromitsu Tokunaga受生活的时代、人类首次登上月球等的影响。4Which would be the best title for the text?AChildren from Different Countries S

10、hare DreamsBWhat Was Your Dream Job as a Child?CHow Was Your Dream Realized?DChildren Have Different Dream Jobs解析：选B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，整篇文章中四个人分别回忆儿时的梦想职业是什么、目前的职业以及对未来的憧憬。故B项最适合作本文标题。BIts 13：30 and 28yearold Marten Pellas smart phone starts pinging, a signal that its time for us to stop working around hi

11、s living room table and instead start our workout routine together.A cartoon character wearing bright red shorts on video begins instructing us to do starjumps and situps around his apartment.Pella, a research assistant at Stockholm University, is part of the Hoffice movement, which invites workersf

12、reelancers (自由职业者) or fulltime employees who can do their jobs remotely to work at each others homes to increase productivity and enjoy an active social life. Those attending Hoffice events advertised on Facebook are typically asked to work silently in 45minute blocks, before taking short breaks tog

13、ether to exercise, or simply chatting over a coffee.In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival, and is invited to report back on whether or not they have achieved them at the end of the day.“Often when I am alone, I can work focused for a couple of

14、hours but then Im easily distracted (分心)The help of others makes me so much more disciplined，”says Pella, who attends Hoffice events as both a guest and a host.Lunches mean networking and connecting with new contacts.“People are coming from really different areas and have different professions so th

15、ere can be really interesting discussions，” he says.The Hoffice movement has grown quickly since it was founded in 2014 by Swedish psychologist Christofer Franzen.He had been giving lectures on the benefits of collective (集体的) intelligence, but realised he was spending most of his own time working a

16、lone at his kitchen table.“I wanted to test more structured home coworking with friends in similar situations，” he says.Franzen says that holding events in houses and apartments creates a unique atmosphere, because theres a sense of community and desire to contribute.Hes looking for ways to expand t

17、he social value of Hoffice, by matching up members with relevant skills to share and even encouraging jobseekers to join its gatherings.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“Hoffice行动”，即邀请自由职业者或可以远程工作的全职员工在彼此的家中工作，以提高工作效率，避免与社会隔绝，享受积极的社交生活。5Where is Pella when his smart phone starts pinging?AIn his own home.BIn his

18、 office.CIn another persons home.DAt Stockholm University.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段“Marten Pellas smart phone starts pinging . around his living room table”可知，马腾配拉电话响起的时候他在客厅，是在自己家里，故选A。6What do people attending Hoffice events do first when they meet?AWatch an exercise video.BWork silently for 45 minutes.CTe

19、ll each other their daily plans.DReport what they have achieved.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival”可知，人们见面后先告诉对方他们的日常计划。故选C。7What does Franzen really mean by saying “friends in similar situations”？AThey usually work alone.BThey often give lectures.CThe

20、y study collective intelligence.DThey have to work at a kitchen table.解析：选A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，Franzen的意思是他们这些人相似的处境就是都是独自一人工作，故选A。8What is the best title for the text?ASharing Comfortable WorkplacesBA New Way to Make New FriendsCBenefits of Collective IntelligenceDWorking from Others Homes解析：选D标题归纳题

21、。本文主要围绕“Hoffice行动”展开，即邀请自由职业者或可以远程工作的全职员工在彼此的家中工作，以提高工作效率，避免与社会隔绝，享受积极的社交生活。由此判断，D项能概括本文主旨。故选D。CA new kind of surgical knife can tell cancerous from healthy tissue in seconds and may help improve tumor (肿瘤) removal in the operating room.Known as the iKnife, the tool analyzes the vapour given off as

22、surgeons use electrical current to cut away tissue, and it reports in real time whether the tissue is cancerous or not.Tests in 91 human patients have shown the tools diagnoses were extremely accurate, and may be reliable enough to begin widespread use in operating rooms.The iKnife uses mass spectro

23、metry (质谱法) to examine the surgical smoke given off by tissue, informing the surgeon in three seconds as to what it contains.Other current techniques, which include sending removed tissue to a lab for analysis, are costly and frequently inadequate and take about 2030 minutes.“Remarkably, there are a

24、lmost no technologies in routine clinical practice to assist the surgeon in improving the accuracy of cancer tissue clearance，” said the study.For patients, this uncertainty can lead to repeat surgeries or worse, since returning to the operating table is not always an option for soft tissue tumors.T

25、he iKnife can make current tumor diagnostics more accurate, and it has the potential to influence ontable decisionmaking and ultimately to improve oncological (肿瘤学的) outcomes.In Britain alone, there are 300,000 new cases of cancer each year and 1.8 million surgical procedures performed in treatment.

26、The iKnife was tested on tissue samples from 302 patients, including those with tumors of the stomach, liver, lung, breast and brain, and later in the operating room during 91 procedures to cut tumor tissue away.The iKnife is not yet commercially available and likely will not be for at least another

27、 year.“If perfected, this would help surgeons and patients avoid countless trips back to the operating room to try and obtain clear margins.A larger study needs to be carried out, but this preliminary data is very exciting，” said Stephanie Bernik, chief of surgical oncology at a hospital in New York

28、.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。最新研究表明，与传统的诊断方式不同，智能手术刀iKnife可以迅速并精确地诊断出病人是否患有癌症，这对病人来讲是一个福音。9The iKnife can identify unhealthy tissue by _.Ausing electrical current to test itBtesting the blood and cells of itCanalyzing the smoke given off by itDcutting away tissue and examining it解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“analyzes the

29、vapour given off as surgeons use electrical current to cut away tissue”和第四段中的“examine the surgical smoke given off by tissue”可知，智能手术刀主要通过分析组织释放的气体来确定不健康的组织。10It is implied in the passage that the iKnife _.Acan be purchased within several yearsBhas been tested in more than 3,000 patientsCshould be pe

30、rfected before its put into useDcan be used in other diseases besides cancer解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If perfected, this would help surgeons and patients avoid countless trips back to the operating room”可知，虽然智能手术刀非常厉害，但在投入使用前还有待完善。11What is Stephanie Berniks attitude towards the iKnife?ANegative.BDoubtful

31、.CCritical. DObjective.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Stephanie Bernik非常客观地评价了智能手术刀。12What is the main idea of the passage?AThe iKnife can tell unhealthy from healthy tissue.BThe iKnife will take the place of current techniques.CThe iKnife can make doctors diagnoses more accurate.DThe iKnife will change peop

32、les attitude towards cancer.解析：选A主旨大意题。阅读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍了一款能分辨不健康组织的智能手术刀。tips 着眼全局，客观理性地解观点态度题观点态度题旨在考查考生是否理解作者或文中人物对某人或文中人物对某人/事物所持的观点或态度。这类题目相对而言难度较大，迷惑性也较强，因为考生很难找到具体对应的语言点，要从整篇文章或整个段落的叙述中去推测。另外，此类题所给的答案选项一般是四个形容词，考生应在审题时就把握好这四个形容词所表达的意思，然后返回文章去寻找信息。特别注意，解答此类题时切勿用自己的观点代替作者的观点或文中人物的观点，同时要注意区分作者本人的态度与作者引用的他人的观点态度。解题的关键是要看作者在文中用了什么样的语气。若用褒义词，显然是赞成；若用贬义词，显然是反对；若是客观陈述，则是中立的立场，不偏不倚。作者的态度常常在转折词后表明出来，因此转折词至关重要(如but, yet, however, although, nevertheless等)。例如上文第11小题，根据全文论述特别是最后一段中Stephanie Bernik所说的话可推知，他非常客观地评价了智能手术刀。