2022高考外研版英语一轮训练：必修4 MODULE 1 社会进步与人类文明 WORD版含解析.DOC

1、Module 1 Life in the Future课下主题训练 社会进步与人类文明.阅读理解AA group of researchers at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are currently engaged in an 18month study in cooperation with Autodesk Research, a 3D design software company, to design the helmet of the future. The group is investigating whether

2、3D printed microstructures within helmet design can absorb more of the momentum (冲力) of a collision than current helmet technology.Usually, designers start with a concept or some general idea of what a product will look like. That isnt the case for the researchers at Lawrence Livermore. Instead, the

3、y are using Autodesks Project Dreamcatcher software, which allows designers to input specific design objectives, including functional requirements, material type and so on, to serve up a design based on what the researchers need it to accomplish. “In some ways this is a completely new way of thinkin

4、g about design，” technical researcher Eric Duoss said. The idea involves taking the same elements that make up strong, flexible structures and making them smaller. Imagine the Eiffel Towers lattice (格子架) design, but very small.The lab is currently testing a variety of materials to build its helmet c

5、onstructed of nanosized lattice. One of the more promising elements is 3D printed silicon (硅), which could be used to replace the current foam pads that most helmets for sports use. Internal analysis has shown these silicon pads could absorb 50% more energy than a solid piece of foam. It was previou

6、sly impossible to construct these formations, but an increase in 3D printer resolution has started the design innovation.The 3D printed microarchitecture technology is mostly being researched at the university level. The scientists at Lawrence Livermore are patenting various discoveries made along t

7、he way. The lab is also considering this same technology for other applications, like bicycle helmets. “Beyond helmets, there are a lot of opportunities for 3D printed microstructural design in automotive engineering and aerospace，” Duoss said. Airplanes could be made more lightweight, for example.

8、Its likely these helmets are still a few years off, but the organization said it expects to see its microlattice works become more common in design at large in the near future.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究者发现3D打印的微体系结构的头盔对头部的保护作用更大，因为它有效地吸收了撞击力。1What do the researchers aim to do?ADesign a better 3D printer.BSet

9、up a software company.CStudy the momentum of a collision in sports.DTest the performance of a new type of helmet.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，这组研究人员在调查3D打印的微体系结构的头盔是否能够吸收更多的冲力，即测试这种新型头盔的性能。2What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?AThe researchers source of inspiration.BThe structure of the researchers product.CTh

10、e researchers creative design concept.DThe general description of the researchers product.解析：选C段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要说明了研究人员采用了一种新的设计思路来设计头盔，即目标驱动的设计理念，故选C。3Why are 3D printed silicon pads used to replace the foam ones?AThey are much smaller in size.BThey can be easily constructed.CThey are widely use

11、d in sports helmets.DThey can absorb more collision momentum.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“3D printed silicon (硅) . these silicon pads could absorb 50% more energy than a solid piece of foam”可知，3D打印的硅垫较现在的固体泡沫垫能多吸收50%的能量，故选D。4What can be inferred about the microarchitecture technology from the last paragraph?A

12、It has gained lots of patents.BIt will prove its value in various fields.CIt will change the architectural design business.DIt can bring more profits to helmet manufacturers.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句及“this same technology for other applications . engineering and aerospace .”可知，这项技术将会被应用在多个领域。BA new train

13、ing course in Bali is hoping to change the way we think about construction. Bamboo, the fastgrowing grass plant common to Africa, Asia and Latin America, has been used for thousands of years to build houses, bridges, etc. Architects have called it “green steel”Yet, regardless of its excellent charac

14、teristics bamboo is flexible and has the strength of steel this plant remains something of a forgotten solution in the construction world. Part of the problem is bamboos association with cheap, lowquality housing: a “poor mans house”One organization is fighting to change this idea. Founded in 2015 i

15、n Bali, Indonesia, Bamboo U offers training courses that promote bamboo as a green construction material. The 11day “build and design” course takes participants on a handson journey through the life cycle of bamboo: from harvesting and treatment, to design and construction. Participants then need to

16、 bring their own designs to life, or help create bamboo structures, under the check of a team of architects and designers.Research by INBAR shows that in recent years, concerns about the unsustainability (不可持续性) of building materials, including a growing shortage of key materials such as sand, have

17、inspired a fresh look at “natural” construction. And it also shows bamboo can provide a lowcarbon, renewable alternative to wood, steel and cement：the plant stores more carbon than certain species of tree, and can be used to create everything like pipes.Since 2015, Bamboo U has welcomed more than 40

18、0 people through its doors. Its students have gone on to teach bamboo construction workshops in Ecuador and the Philippines, create architecture installations (装置，设施) in Belgium and the USA, build bamboo kitchens, and set up new bamboo plantations (种植园) around the world.However, not everyone can bui

19、ld his house with bamboo. Hardy says, “Bamboo U is more about an understanding of the place youre in. We want to remind people that nature can and should be in the built environment.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于人们认知上的偏见，竹子作为一种可再生的建筑材料没有得到重视。印度尼西亚巴厘岛上的培训课程为人们提供了旨在推广竹子作为绿色建筑材料的课程。5What made bamboo a forgotten sol

20、ution in the construction world?AThe poor qualities of bamboo.BThe great shortage of bamboo nowadays.CThe prejudice people have towards bamboo.DThe inconvenience of transporting bamboo to cities.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，一些人对用竹子建造的房屋持有偏见导致竹子做的房子不为人们广泛接受。6What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?AThe publics g

21、reat enthusiasm for Bamboo U.BThe motivation for offering Bamboo U courses.CBamboo Us effort to promote bamboo in construction.DThe wide application of bamboo in Bali, Indonesia.解析：选C段落大意题。根据第三段可知，本段主要介绍的是Bamboo U推动在建筑领域中使用竹子的努力。7What does the research by INBAR show?ABamboo U has inspired many const

22、ructors.BBamboo has a big potential in construction.CFuture building materials will be cheaper and greener.DThe technology for building bamboo houses will improve.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Research by INBAR shows . and can be used to create everything like pipes.”可推知，竹子在建筑领域有巨大的潜力。8Whats Hardys attitude to

23、wards Bamboo U?ADoubtful.BSupportive.CSubjective. DConcerned.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Bamboo U is more about . be in the built environment.”可知，Hardy对Bamboo U持支持的态度。.阅读七选五Moving away from home may not be a big deal for some. _1_ Jacob, our ITT Dublin Ambassador tells us how studying abroad in Ireland chan

24、ged his life.Moving to Ireland is an amazing experience. If you are also from Canada, youve moved over 5,000km to a new country to study. In my eyes, thats amazing. You will learn your area of study there. _2_In my last six months in Ireland Ive known many people. The people I have known and been fr

25、iends with while staying in Ireland range from Irish to Americans, Canadians, Germans, Chinese, Koreans, and people from dozens of other countries. _3_ We have already planned trips to visit each other once the school year ends._4_ I know you might be doubtful about my opinion. But in my experience,

26、 the way the Irish speak English will eventually change how you speak English! When I first went to Ireland I used to say “awesome” and “great”， but after six months, it is slowly changing to “grand” and “deadly”Alright, lets get to another big reason why I chose Ireland Travel. _5_ With tours every

27、 day throughout the country, you can see anything you would like to see. Come to study in Ireland, and it will change your life forever!AIts easy to go around Ireland due to the size of the island.BThe move alone to Ireland takes nearly a full day to complete.CLets get back to how easy it is to trav

28、el in Ireland when you want to.DLiving in Ireland can change your life just by the language the Irish speak.EBesides, you will be able to experience and learn a new and different culture.FMoving to another continent on the other hand, is a big difference for many.GThese friends that I have made in I

29、reland will most likely be my friends for life.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了一位来自加拿大的留学生在爱尔兰的留学感悟。1选F设空处位于段中，与空前一句内容存在对比关系，说明搬家对于一些人来说不算什么，但搬到另一个大洲对很多人来说是一种不一样的体验。2选E设空处位于段尾，由Besides可知，该句与前面内容存在递进关系，说明在爱尔兰留学的神奇之处。3选G设空处位于段中。G项与上文存在指代关系，且G项中的These friends指代前面的The people。4选D设空处位于段首。本段主要讲爱尔兰人讲英语的方式会改变你的生活，D项与本段内容吻合，总领该段。5选A设空处位于段中，与上文内容存在解释关系，说明爱尔兰旅游吸引人的原因。