2022高考英语一轮复习 主题训练（七）创新与创业意识（含解析）.doc

1、主题训练(七)创新与创业意识大阅读提升阅读速度内化读文规律(满分70分，限时55分钟).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AOn the outside, Noa Mintz is a typical teen. But while other teens are chatting about games and clothes, Noa is texting the manager she hired to run her growing business.Noa has been heading up her own nanny (保姆) agency since August

2、 2012. She hired Allison Johnson in 2014 to oversee daytoday business operations while she attended her freshman year of high school. She rents a room in an office building in Midtown Manhattan where Johnson works.Like any teen, Noa has had to depend on her parents for some help. Her father is the r

3、egistered owner of her business. Hes helped front money for legal fees. But Nannies by Noa is all her brainchild. The idea came about as a result of a challenge made by her mother：Find a better nanny for their family.She did just that, and then she started helping her mothers friends find nannies. “

4、I found it fun to get to know a family and their needs and find a nanny accordingly，” she said. Thus, Nannies by Noa was born. It was the summer of 2012, before she entered 7th grade.Shes designed a thorough review process: an application, an inperson interview with a trained nanny, reference and ba

5、ckground check and a phone interview. Her business has seen a considerable success: from 50 clients (客户) to 2,000 clients today.At first, she charged $100 to $200. “I wasnt charging enough. Even clients would say, You realize you should be charging way, way more，” added Noa, whose clients are mostly

6、 looking for longterm help. Shes since changed her business model: Nannies by Noa now takes a percentage of the overall rate, which is typically 15% of the nannys first year salary.While Noa said she has other business ideas, she also wouldnt rule out other careers. “Perhaps Ill start another compan

7、y. We will see，” said Noa.1How does Johnson help Noa?AShe rents an office for Noa.BShe helps operate Noas business.CShe tutors Noa in her school lessons.DShe puts money into Noas nanny agency.解析：选B细节解理题。根据第二段中的“She hired Allison Johnson in 2014 to oversee daytoday business operations”可知，Allison John

8、son是Noa为处理公司业务聘请的总经理。 2What do we know about Nannies by Noa?AIt was the idea of Noas mother.BIt was legally registered by Noa.CIt aims to match nannies with families.DIt offers nanny jobs for high school students.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I found it fun to get to know a family and their needs and find a na

9、nny accordingly， she said. Thus, Nannies by Noa was born”可知，Nannies by Noa为有需求的家庭匹配合适的保姆。 3What change did Noa make to her business model?AShe hired trained nannies.BShe raised nannies salaries.CShe increased the service fee.DShe interviewed applicants in person.解析：选C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，Noa提高了佣金费，从原来

10、每笔收费100到200美元提高到按照保姆第一年工资的15%进行收费。 4What can we learn from Noas story?AFame is a great thirst of the young.BA youth is to be regarded with respect.CA good idea and action result in success.DSuccess means getting family needs satisfied.解析：选C推理判断题。文章介绍了青少年Noa Mintz敢想敢做，最终创业成功的故事。她的故事告诉我们：好的商业设想敢想敢干的精神

11、成功。 BBeing able to take advantage of truly unlimited data is a smartphone users dream, but everyone Ive talked to about 5G is more excited about the usage unlocked by nextgeneration wireless devices. From smart home security to selfdriving cars, all the Internetconnected equipment in your life will

12、be able to talk to each other at lightningfast speed with reduced latency (延迟)“5G is one of those forerunners, along with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age，” said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. “Selfdriving vehicles are emblem

13、atic in this data age they show application of data completely. With one single task, driving, you have large amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors (传感器) are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. Its pulling in data from other vehicl

14、es about conditions down the road. Theres lots of data behind that task, which is why we need the speed and lower latency.”AR glasses and virtual (虚拟的) reality headphones havent yet been inside the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully laying that such equipment will eventually replace our sma

15、rtphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to improve or even replace smartphones.Ericsson showed at Februarys Mobile World Congress in 2019 how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection

16、, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on outside equipment for processing power.But dont get too excited. Theres still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including some necessary testing to make sure the radio plays nicely with basic systems and servi

17、ce construction so that 5G isnt concentrated only in big cities.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。有了5G，从智能家居安全到自动驾驶汽车，生活中所有联网的设备将能够以闪电般的速度彼此通信，减少延迟。5G能够使自动驾驶汽车成为现实，并且有可能使得AR眼镜取代智能手机。5What does the first paragraph focus on?AThe super speed of 5G.BPotential of 5G.CUsage of smart equipment.DThe future of smart equipment.解

18、析：选B段落大意题。第一段中的关键信息“everyone Ive talked to about 5G is more excited about the usage .all the Internetconnected equipment”暗示5G将会有很多用途，其潜力无穷。6Which word can replace “emblematic” underlined in Paragraph 2?AAvailable.BProductive.CSymbolic. DPopular.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词上文中的“5G is one of those forerunners, al

19、ong with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age”和下文中的“they show application of data completely”可分析，5G是即将到来的数据时代的预兆，因而运用了5G技术并充分利用数据的自动驾驶汽车自然就成了这个数据时代的象征，故symbolic(象征性的)与画线词意思相近。7What is tech companies attitude towards the replacement of smartphones?AUncertain. BOptimistic.CCautious. DDisap

20、proving.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第三段中提到的“but tech companies are joyfully laying that such equipment will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen . smartphones”可推断，这些科技公司的态度是“乐观的”，故选项B正确。8Why does much work still need to be done according to the last paragraph?ATo make radio play

21、nicely.BTo construct big 5G cities.CTo do 5G trials effectively.DTo expand 5G coverage fully.解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段中的“including . so that 5G isnt concentrated only in big cities”说明，基础系统和服务建设还没有铺设到位，为了避免5G只集中在一些大城市，还需要加大这些工作的投入，以便将来全面扩大5G的覆盖范围。C“Mirror mirror on the wall, whos the fairest of them all？” An

22、old tale tells a seemingly unbelievable story of a magic mirror, but now the magic is no longer unachievable.In August 2018, news went viral (广为传播的) that the police had caught criminal suspects who attended Chinese singer Jacky Cheungs concerts. How did the police pick out the suspects among thousan

23、ds of screaming fans? The helping hand is AI facial recognition technology. The lowkey yet powerful tool is no longer farfetched, but entering the world of Chinas top investors and companies.Facial recognition is a technology able to identify a person from a digital image or a frame from a video sou

24、rce. Tang Wenbin, CTO of Face ， an AI computer vision (视觉) technology company in China, vividly explained the workflow. According to him, facial recognition is the identification of our appearance, including knowing the sex, age and identity of a person. You may think it is like a brain or a neural

25、network. You use data to train it, and then, it learns the pattern.Facial recognition technology has been traditionally allied_with the security work but today there is active expansion into other industries including mobile phones, marketing and finance. Chinese startups have seen the potential of

26、AI facial recognition for simplifying and speeding up tasks in multiple industries. And the market is now crowded and competitive.China is starting the AI revolution and has made breakthroughs in facial recognition. “If applying AI to different industries is a marathon, the companies there probably

27、have just got off the blocks，” said Tian Feng, director of Alibaba Cloud Research Center. He also thinks that in the future, everybody will be able to use AI as it will soon become a basic tool for work and life.语篇解读：本文是科普说明文，讲述了人工智能中面部识别技术在中国的发展和应用现状。9Why is the news mentioned in Paragraph 2?ATo in

28、troduce a new tool for companies.BTo show the magic has become a reality.CTo prove old tales are based on true stories.DTo describe the background of facial recognition.解析：选B推理判断题。第一段引入童话故事里的“魔镜”，第一段结尾提到“but now the magic is no longer unachievable”，紧接着第二段就以实例证明“魔镜”确实不再是难以实现的幻想了，因此，第二段说明现代技术把童话故事里的“魔

29、镜”变成了现实。10Which of the following best explains “allied with” underlined in Paragraph 4?ADependent on. BCompared with.CDifferent from. DRelated to.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句中的“traditionally . security work”和后面的转折“but today there is active expansion into other industries including mobile phones, marketing a

30、nd finance”可知，传统上，面部识别一直都与安全方面的工作有关，但是现在这一技术扩展到了其他行业。故画线部分应表示“与有关联”，故选D。11What do Tian Fengs words imply?AMany companies in China are researching AI.BAI plays a key role in companies development.CAI technology applied now is far from mature.DAI technology will be used in marathons one day.解析：选C句意理解题

31、。根据Tian Feng的话“If applying AI to different industries is a marathon, the companies there probably have just got off the blocks”可知，如果把将人工智能技术应用到不同行业中比作一场马拉松，那么这些公司可能处于刚起跑的阶段，即人工智能技术现阶段的发展还远远不够成熟。12What can be a suitable title for the text?AThe eye of AI in ChinaBEffects of AI technologyCBreakthroughs

32、 of Chinese technologyDFacial recognition in security解析：选A标题归纳题。结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲了人工智能技术中面部识别技术在中国的发展和应用。DTrailers (预告片) shouldnt really be a hard thing to do: show some footage (镜头), get people excited, but dont give too much away. Its a practice that some movies struggle to do, with many either getti

33、ng too enthusiastic about showing their big plot points, and others simply not catching the magic of the movie. Considering that humans struggle with this practice so much, the folks over the 20th Century Fox decided to see what a computer could do, tasking IBMs Watson, the supercomputer, with cutti

34、ng together footage from the upcoming scifi thriller, Morgan, to create the final trailer. IBMs Watson has done many things; beat human competitors in quiz shows, created reserved recipes and described the contents of photos. Now it has become the firstever AI to produce a film, trailer for the new

35、scifi film. The result was actually surprisingly good.Using Watsons experimental learning techniques, IBMs cutting edge AI sorted out hundreds of classic thriller trailers to learn what exactly gets an audience to that special place of being both scared and entertained. With that knowledge firmly in

36、 place, Watson processed the entire Morgan movie, selecting the 10 most thrilling and frightening moments to cut together into a trailer.“Watson was able to model the scenes visually in order to determine: Was a scene scary? Was it a tender moment? Was there sadness, or happiness？” said IBMs John Sm

37、ith.Although a human editor was still needed to slice the scenes together to tell a coherent story, the AI shortened the process down to only 24 hours when it typically takes around 10 to 30 days to complete a trailer. Still, its a great impressive achievement, which the likes of Terminator Genisys

38、could perhaps learn from in the future.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，由Watson成功制作恐怖片的预告片引出对人工智能的介绍和展望。13What does the author think is amazing according to the text?AHuman editors taking 30 days to make a trailer.BThe 20th Century Fox having produced a thriller.CIBMs Watson having created a trailer for a thriller.DHu

39、mans being able to learn from machines in the future.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的“tasking IBMs Watson, the supercomputer, with cutting together footage from the upcoming scifi thriller, Morgan, to create the final trailer”和“The result was actually surprisingly good.”可知，作者认为令人惊叹的是Watson成功制作了恐怖片的预告片，故C项正确。14What

40、 did IBM researchers do before Watson cut together footage from the movie Morgan?ATeach him to beat chess competitors.BFeed him over 100 horror trailers.CCreate reserved recipes.DTalk about photos.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段的“IBMs cutting edge AI sorted out hundreds of classic thriller trailers to learn what e

41、xactly gets an audience to that special place of being both scared and entertained”可知，在制作恐怖片Morgan的预告片之前，研究人员将数百部经典恐怖片的预告片输入Watson中供其学习，故B项正确。15What can we guess is the most difficult to Watson?AHow long the trailer should be.BHow Watson appreciates the story.CHow many scenes a trailer needs.DHow Wa

42、tson decides the feelings.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段的“Watson was able to model the scenes visually in order to determine：Was a scene scary? . Was there sadness, or happiness”可以判断，D项正确。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) Camping EssentialsCamping can be a fun and cheap family activity or vacation. But you do need quite a

43、 few supplies to manage life in the great outdoors. _16_. And remember to check your camping essentials.TentUnless youre sleeping under the stars or you have a camper or an RV, dont forget the obvious one: a tent! Check the measurements and user reviews when youre buying one.Sleeping Bag and PillowE

44、ven if the weather looks hot for your camping trip, bring a sleeping bag for every camper. Without a pillow, you could be facing a rocky nights sleep. _17_._18_Flashlights are another camping item. Bring multiple flashlights and extra batteries, and also consider buying a camping lantern. Lanterns a

45、re great because they shed more light in all directions, and they stand on their own so that you can play cards or games at night.The Antiitch CreamKeep away from mosquitoes, black flies and other biters. Dont forget the antiitch cream to apply after insect bites. _19_. Ask doctors for which product

46、s to use.Campfire SuppliesMatches stored in a plastic bag, dry firewood and dry newspapers are all you need for a campfire. _20_. Each campsite should have its own stone campfire spot and many also provide a castiron shelf for cooking on.In addition, there are other camping essentials, such as kitch

47、en items, bottled food and water, toilet paper, firstaid kits, and books and games. All the above can enrich your outdoor camping.ACamping ClothesBFlashlights and LanternsCKids also like having a pillow for the long car rideDBring clothes for all types of weather, from hot to rainy daysEFind out wha

48、t youll need to pack for your camping adventureFYou and your kids can do a quick hunt for dry wood for your fireGJust keep in mind that many sprays contain high levels of chemical substances语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。露营是一项有趣且便宜的家庭活动，但你需要相当多的必需品来确保这项户外活动的正常进行。16选E根据文章标题Camping Essentials以及本段中的关键信息quite a few supp

49、lies, your camping essentials等可知，本段主要总述露营需要做好准备，故选E项“找出你需要为野营探险打包的东西”。17选C根据上文“Without a pillow, you could be facing a rocky nights sleep”可知本空应选C，即“孩子们也喜欢在长时间的行车途中拥有一个枕头”。18选B根据此段与Flashlights和Lanterns有关的内容可推知，此段的标题应为Flashlights and Lanterns (手电筒和灯笼)。19选G根据此段的标题The Antiitch Cream以及空前的“Dont forget the

50、 antiitch cream to apply after insect bites”和下文的“Ask doctors for which products to use”可推断出，此空选G项，即“要记住许多喷雾剂化学物质含量高”。20选F根据此段的标题Campfire Supplies以及空前的“Matches stored in a plastic bag, dry firewood and dry newspapers are all you need for a campfire (存放在塑料袋中的火柴、干柴和干报纸都是你生营火所需要的东西)”可推断出，选项F中的关键信息do a q

51、uick hunt for dry wood for your fire符合此处的语境。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Christie Watson was only 17 years old when she walked into the room of a patient. Now, as a _21_， her 20 years in the sickroom has taught Watson that though knowledge of biology and chemistry is _22_， the art of good nursing _23_

52、pure kindness.Watson never forgets two nurses. One nurse _24_ tiny spoonfuls of yoghurt to Watson when she was _25_ for an allergic reaction as a child. The other nurse sang Watsons newborn son to _26_ at 2 am, and then came back after her _27_ had ended with a cup of coffee. That is _28_ Watson spe

53、nds the greater part of her career nursing seriously ill children.Watson described washing the _29_ smell from the hair of a little girl who was hurt in a fire, and her _30_ to deal with mentally ill patients in her book. “A nurses bones become _31_ with every serious case she _32_ and there are too

54、 many，” writes Watson.However, her hands always shake _33_ she opens the doors to the operating room, which is a(n) _34_ of the random nature of life to her. We cannot know whose brake will _35_， and whose roof will fall down. We cant _36_ and control them. But her kindness gives _37_ to the patient

55、s and reduces their pain. Because of it, they can find joy in the most _38_ places where they have to stay. The _39_ of a sixyearold girl with a serious disease _40_ to be the most highspirited sound in the room.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，通过讲述护士Christie Watson的经历来诠释良好护理的艺术在于护士要拥有纯粹的善良。21A.doctor BnurseCpatie

56、nt Dcarer解析：选B根据下文可知，Christie Watson是一名护士。22A.professional BcomplexCvital Dabundant解析：选C根据句意可知，20年的护理工作教会Watson生物学和化学的知识固然很重要(vital)，但是好的护理在于(lies in)护士的纯粹的善良。故选C。23A.adapts to Bresults inCresponds to Dlies in解析：选D参见上题解析。adapt to“适应”；result in“导致”；respond to“回答”。24A.fed BdonatedCsupplied Dbought解析：选

57、A根据空后的“tiny spoonfuls of yoghurt . as a child”可知，当Watson小时候因过敏性反应而被送进医院治疗(hospitalized)时，一名护士一小勺一小勺地喂(fed)酸奶给她吃。25A.abandoned BseparatedChospitalized Drejected解析：选C参见上题解析。26A.calm BsmilesCtears Dsleep解析：选D根据空前的“Watsons newborn son”和空后的“at 2 am”可知，此处表示护士凌晨唱歌哄Watson刚刚出生的儿子睡觉(sleep)。27A.appointment Bsh

58、iftCattendance Doperation解析：选B根据语境和常识可知，护士工作一般实行轮班制，此处表示护士在轮班(shift)结束后，带着一杯提神的咖啡又回到病房看望Watson的儿子，以此来彰显护士的勤恳与善良，突显护士对Watson以后职业选择的影响。28A.what BhowCwhy Dbecause解析：选C根据空前的内容可知，这里解释了Watson为什么(why)花费她职业生涯的大部分时间照顾重病的孩子。29A.smoky BsourCfragrant Ddamp解析：选A根据下文的“hurt in a fire”可知，小女孩的头发有烟熏味(smoky)。sour“酸的”；

59、fragrant“芳香的”；damp“潮湿的”。30A.decision BstruggleCintention Dreaction解析：选B根据空后的“to deal with mentally ill patients”可知，她努力应对精神不正常的病人。31A.harder BsofterChealthier Dstraighter解析：选A根据语境可知，此处表示护士的骨头随着她目睹(witnesses)的一起又一起严重的病例而变得越来越坚硬(harder)，即护士因目睹了太多的病例而变得愈加坚强。32A.researches BsettlesCdiscovers Dwitnesses解析

60、：选D参见上题解析。33A.after BunlessCas Dalthough解析：选C然而，当(as)她打开手术室的门时，她的手总是会颤抖。34A.evidence BreminderCimpression Dwarning解析：选B根据空后的“the random nature of life”可知，手术室对她来说是人生无常的提醒(reminder)。35A.fail BfixCstop Dfunction解析：选A根据空后的“whose roof will fall down”可知，此处表示我们不知道谁的刹车会失灵(fail)。此处fail对应空后的“fall down”。36A.re

61、alize BpredictCunderstand Dchallenge解析：选B根据上文的“the random nature of life to her. We cannot know whose brakes will _， and whose roof will fall down”可知，人生无常，我们不能预测和控制这些事。37A.treatment BsatisfactionCcomfort Drespect解析：选C根据空后的“reduces their pain”可知，Waston的善良给了病人们安慰(comfort)，减轻了他们的痛苦。38A.unfriendly Bunfa

62、irCunforgettable Dunlikely解析：选D根据空后的“where they have to stay”和语境可知，因为Watson的善良，使得病人们在最不可能(unlikely)发现快乐的地方(即他们不得不待的医院)发现了快乐。39A.laughter BbreathCsob Dshout解析：选A根据上文的“joy”和下文的“the most highspirited sound”可知，这里应该表示一个患重病的六岁小女孩的笑声(laughter)结果成了病房中最有生气的声音。40A.figures out Bmakes outCbrings out Dturns out解

63、析：选D参见上题解析。turn out“结果是，证明是”。精表达夯实语言基础提升表达能力.单词拼写1As a result of global warming, weather patterns (模式) have changed in recent years. 2He won a scholarship (奖学金) to California State University by working hard.3The gardener cut off many branches (枝条) from the tree. 4He is such a person that he likes t

64、easing(戏弄)his colleagues. 5The exhibition sponsored (举办) by the Society of Culture was a success.6She helps transform (转换) literature into braille to bring the power of story and knowledge to the hearts and minds of blind readers.7All the participants can get what they want. Meanwhile, they exchange

65、(交换)ideas and feelings with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge.8Any behaviour that is repeated enough times will eventually (最后) become a habit and happen automatically.单句语法填空1(2018天津高考)We are desperately (desperate) in need of your help. 2(2018江苏高考)Wild camping is illega

66、l (legal) in England.3There are actually healthier ways that can work just as effectively (effect)4One day, this approach threw me into embarrassment (embarrass)5Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office felt their jobs were less stressful (stress) and more satisfying. 6And

67、 it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally (abnormal), probably because of hunger.7You must remind him to_take (take) his medicine, in case he forgets.8After taking some photos, they stopped at the top of the hill to_admire (admire) the scenery.9I must make an apology (apologize) to him f

68、or not going to his party.10He hurt me deeply and begged me to forgive him for his actions.完成句子1I am sure that I can perfectly live_up_to_your_expectations.我相信，我完全不会辜负您的期望。2The_most_obvious_problem_with_our_class_is lack of interaction and teamwork.我们班级中最明显的问题是缺乏交流和团队精神。3After learning what situatio

69、n I was in, my teacher, Michael encouraged_me_to_step_out_of_trouble_bravely_and_confidently.得知我的情况后，我的老师Michael鼓励我勇敢并充满自信地走出困境。4I suggest we should communicate with our friends face to face instead_of_sending_text_messages_so_that_we_can_maintain_our_friendship.我建议我们应该与朋友们面对面交流而不是发送信息，以便我们能够保持我们的友谊

70、。5Faced_with a tough job market, fresh graduates are dreaming of running their own businesses instead.面对严峻的就业市场，应届毕业生正梦想着自己创业。.书面表达假定你是李华，前不久在汉服设计大赛上获奖。你的英国朋友Peter将参加他学校举办的服装表演赛，来信邀请你暑期加入他们的设计小组，而你因故无法加入。请根据以下要点给他回信：1表示感谢；2说明拒绝原因；3表达祝福。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：服装表演赛the Fashion Show Competi

71、tion 参考范文：Dear Peter，Many thanks for your last letter, kindly inviting me to join your team to take part in the Fashion Show Competition to be held in your school.Much to my disappointment, I shall not be able to honour the invitation because I have been suffering from ill health these days. I am firmly advised that it should be unwise to undertake any distant travel in the near future. I feel very sorry to miss the opportunity of meeting you and many other fellows as well as improving myself.I wish your competition a complete success and express my regret again.Yours，Li Hua