江苏省南通市基地学校2020届高三英语第三次大联考试题（含解析）.doc

1、江苏省南通市基地学校2020届高三英语第三次大联考试题（含解析）第I卷 (三部分，共85分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What is the woman going to do today?A.Do some shopping. B.Attend a Christmas party. C.Have some goods returned.2.What is the probable r

2、elationship between the speakers?A.Husband and wife. B.Mother and kid. C.Good friends.3.Why will the woman make a phone call?A.To ask about the flat. B.To book a newspaper. C.To complain about the noise.4.What does Tom think of his college life?A.Boring. B.Busy. C.Relaxing.5.What are the speakers ma

3、inly talking about?A.A goodbye party. B.Their favorite actors. C.A film series.第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6.Who is playing the drum these days?A. Henry. B.Jane. C.Linda.7.What will the

4、 man do next?A.Shut the windows. B.Read a book. C.See a doctor.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.What has the woman forgotten to write on the list?A.Carrots. B.Onions. C.Potatoes.9.What does the man need to decide at the market?A.How to pay the bills. B.Whether to buy chocolate. C.What kind of cheese to buy.听下面

5、一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Why did the man go to Xian?A.For travel. B.For work. C For study11.How did the man get to Guilin?A.By coach. B.By train. C.By plane.12.When did the man return to the US?A.In 2013. B.In 2015. C.In 2017.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Where did Jason get the first book of Thiefs Magic?A

6、.From a library. B.From an online site. C.From a bookstore downtown.14.What did Protector of the Small encourage the woman to do?A.Continue her dream. B.Protect the poor. C.Learn magic tricks.15.What book series was written by ML Spencer?A.Thiefs Magic. B.Rhenwars Saga. C.Protector of the Small.16.W

7、hat is Jason?A.A librarian. B.A student. C.A teacher.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.What led to the discovery of the panda?A.A photographers photo. B.A camera set up in the wild. C.A Wolong officials observation.18.What makes the panda unusual?A.Its weight. B.Its age. C.Its color.19.How did Qi Zai look wh

8、en it was first found?A.Weak. B.Lovely. C.Dangerous.20.Where is Qi Zai living now? A.At the Shaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue Center.B.At the Shaanxi Giant Panda Breeding Center.C.At the Foping Panda National Nature Reserve.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，最佳选

9、项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Jackson outlined his vision of a world there would be no wars.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：杰克逊概述了他对一个没有战争的世界的设想。分析句子结构，空后是定语从句，先行词a world表示抽象的地点，所填关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，因此用 where引导定语从句。故选B项。2.People tend to doubt whether paintings purchased at a relatively low price

10、are authenticA. authenticB. controversialC. tentativeD. flexible【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们通常都会怀疑自己用相对低额价格购买的油画是不是真品。A.authentic真实的；B. controversial有争议的；C. tentative试探性的；D. flexible灵活的。按照常理，对于低价购买的艺术品，人们常会怀疑是不是真品。故选A项。3.Brown lay_under the building for three days before he was finally found and res

11、cued.A. trappingB. having trappedC. being trappedD. trapped【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在他最后被发现并获救之前，布朗被困在大楼下面三天。lie表示处于某种状态，lie trapped表示布朗是被困在楼下，用动词的过去分词（done）表被动，作方式状语。故选D项。4.Generally, good educational background with moral values_your future success.A. determinesB. determineC. has determinedD. have d

12、etermined【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一般来说，具有一个良好的教育背景和高尚的道德观能够决定你未来的成功。分析句子可知，Generally表示一般情况、一种事实，所以谓语动词用一般现在时，真正主语是good educational background（单数），谓语应用determines。故选A项。5.Your devotion to work all day doesnt_your neglect of your family.A. confirmB. justifyC. postponeD. advocate【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨

13、析。句意：你整天对工作的投入并不能为你忽视家庭辩护。A. confirm证明；B. justify为辩护/辩解；C. postpone推迟；D. advocate提倡。由句意可知，此处指整天投入工作不能为忽视家庭辩护，justify符合句意。故选B项。6.You look really fit and energetic, Carl!Thanks. After all, I_every day for half a year.A. have runB. was runningC. ranD. have been running【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：卡尔，你看上去又健康又活力

14、啊！谢谢夸奖！毕竟我已经坚持半年天天游泳了。由句意可知，卡尔游泳的动作由过去某一时刻持续至今，对现在有影响，且还有可能继续下去，用现在完成进行时（has/have been doing）。故选D项。7.Our aim is to help him, not to stand by and pass_on what he has done.A. appreciationB. judgmentC. approvalD. response【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目的是帮助他，而不是袖手旁观，还对他所做的一切作出判断。A. appreciation欣赏；B. judgm

15、ent评价、判断；C. approval同意；D. response回复。由句意可知，此处指不要袖手旁观，还对他所做的一切作出判断，judgment符合句意。故选B项。8.It is a pity that McDermott_with an injury at the last minute in the final game.A. pulled outB. put upC. took offD. caught on【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：McDermott在最后一场比赛的最后时刻因为受伤而退出了比赛，真令人感到遗憾啊！A. pulled out退出；B. put

16、up建造；C. took off起飞；D. caught on变得流行、理解明白。由句意可知，此处指因受伤而退出比赛，pulled out符合句意。故选A项。9.The only time my father really stops thinking about work is_our whole family are on vacation.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查表语从句连接副词。句意：只有当全家一起度假的时候，我父亲才不会去想工作上的事情。分析句子可知，“_our whole family are on vacation

17、.”在句中作表语，是表语从句，空格在表语从句中作时间状语，需用连接副词when，表示“在时候”。故选B。10.Chinas responses_speedy isolation and treatment have effectively helped to contain the spread of the virus.A. on account ofB. in contrast toC. in terms ofD. in defense of【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：中国在快速隔离和治疗方面的反应有效地帮助遏制了病毒的传播。A. on account of因为；B.

18、 in contrast to与对比；C. in terms of 在方面；D. in defense of防御、抵抗。由句意可知，此处指“在快速隔离和治疗方面”，in terms of符合句意。故选C项。11.I am going to visit Britain this summer vacation.Im glad you_a different culture.A. will have experiencedB. will be experiencingC. have experiencedD. are experiencing【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我

19、这个暑假要去英国玩啦！我很高兴你将体验一种不同的文化。由句意可知，experience这个动作是发生在将来某一时刻的动作，并将持续下去的动作，应用将来进行时（will be doing）。故选B项。12.Experts strongly believe the virus comes from nature_there exist groundless voices.A. even ifB. now thatC. in caseD. as though【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：即使有很多毫无根据的推断，专家依然坚信病毒来源于大自然。A. even if 即使; B. now t

20、hat 既然； C. in case 以防万一； D. as though 好像。分析句子可知，空格前半部分的“专家依然坚信病毒来源于大自然”和后半部分的“有很多毫无根据的推断”是让步关系，需使用even if表让步。故选A。13.Robert remained depressed at home before his school reopened.If only the new term_for the virus.A. were not delayedB. would not be delayedC. had not been delayedD. were not to be delay

21、ed【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：罗伯特在复学前一直在家闷闷不乐。要是新学期没有因病毒而推迟就好了。If only要用虚拟语气，结合句意，前文出现过去式remained，因此If only表示对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时（had done）。故选C项。14.Could you please turn down your music?-Oh,_,I didnt mean to disturb you.A. never mindB. you said itC. far from itD. pardon me【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：你能把音乐声音调

22、小点不？啊，对不起，我不是故意要打扰你的。A. never mind 不必介意；B. you said it你说对了；C. far from it 远非如此；D. pardon me原谅我，对不起。根据后一句“我不是故意要打扰你的”可知，这是在道歉。故选D。15.Our manager failed to promote his new product at the trade fair.No wonder he is_these days.A. on cloud nineB. off the top of his headC. down in the dumpsD. economical w

23、ith the truth【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：我们经理又没能在商品贸易会上成功推销他的新产品。难怪他最近几天心情沮丧。A. on cloud nine非常高兴；B. off the top of his head不假思索；C. down in the dumps心情沮丧；D. economical with the truth隐瞒事实。由上句句意可知，经理没有成功推销他的新产品，所以会心情沮丧，down in the dumps符合句意。故选C项。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，最佳

24、选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。From a young age, I started to make detailed to-do lists. I simply crossed the tasks off as they were_16_, which was a way to_17_my chaotic mind. At times I would feel overwhelmed（无法抵抗的）by the pressure to _18_, but with the optimism of youth, I was ready to _19_the world.My desk would

25、 look like a(n) _20_, but I knew exactly what I had to do and_21_. The problem is the list never seemed to get any_22_So I decided to start writing ahave-donelist._23_ , it was extremely hard to even remember any _24_or achievements, but I _25_.And slowly, I started looking forward to writing down t

26、he things that I had achieved, moments that had brought me real_26_, or personal challenges that I had _27_. So, while I_28_a great talk I delivered, I would also record a situation when I managed to stay _29_even as I was exhausted and annoyed.Instead of always looking at what else I had to do, I s

27、tarted_30_my achievements and celebrating the smallest wins. A tiny _31_, but it has already been useful in helping me to_32_how I perceive(感知）success in life. I wouldnt say that it has _33_everything, but it has been a huge advance.Writing them down reminds me of the tiniest victories that _34_migh

28、t have passed me by. And my self-worth and value are no longer measured by the ticks and _35_ on my to-do list.16. A. abandonedB. completedC. forgottenD. modified17. A. organizeB. expressC. maintainD. understand18. A. involveB. compromiseC. innovateD. succeed19. A. wipe outB. shrink fromC. take onD.

29、 turn against20. A. chessboardB. messC. souvenirD. blueprint21. A. whenB. whoC. whyD. where22. A. cleanerB. shorterC. longerD. smoother23. A. HopefullyB. EventuallyC. FortunatelyD. Initially24. A. painsB. proofsC. winsD. losses25. A. ignoredB. continuedC. hesitatedD. bothered26. A. joyB. lifeC. tens

30、ionD. mercy27. A. fearedB. expectedC. overcomeD. deserted28. A. noted downB. polished upC. showed offD. went over29. A. connectedB. calmC. tunedD. tense30. A. ridding ofB. leaving outC. making upD. reflecting on31. A. gapB. clueC. changeD. victory32 A. inquireB. evaluateC. shareD. doubt33. A. solved

31、B. witnessedC. limitedD. destroyed34. A. otherwiseB. exactlyC. hardlyD. simply35. A. scoresB. crossesC. revisionsD. comments【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者从一开始对自己要做的事情列清单，转变为对自己获得的成就进行列清单的

32、经历。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们被完成的时候，我简单地把这些任务删除，这是一种使我混乱思维变系统化的方法。A. abandoned 放弃，抛弃；B. completed 完成；C. forgotten 忘记；D. modified 修改。由空格前面的“我简单地把这些任务删除”可知，任务只有在完成的情况下才会被删除，选项B符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们被完成的时候，我简单地把这些任务删除，这是一种使我混乱思维变系统化的方法。A. organize 使系统化；B. express 表达；C. maintain 维持；D. understand 理解

33、。由前半部分“当它们被完成的时候，我简单地把这些任务删除”可知，这种任务完成就删除的方法可以解决我思维混乱的问题，选项A. organize使系统化，表示的是一种对问题的改善，符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候我会被想要成功带来的压力弄的不知所措，但是拥有年轻人的乐观精神，我愿意去开始一切。A. involve 包含，牵涉；B. compromise 妥协，和解；C. innovate 创新，改革；D. succeed 成功。由第二段第一句“So I decided to start writing ahave-donelist.”和第二句前半部分“it was e

34、xtremely hard to even remember any _9_or achievements”可知，我决定开始写一个已经完成的清单，记住任何成就是相当困难的。由此可见，我记录已经完成的事情是有关成就的。由此可测，我对想要做的事情列清单，最终目的是成功，要有成就。选项D. succeed 成功，表达的是想要成功，符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：有时候我会被想要成功带来压力弄的不知所措，但是拥有年轻人的乐观精神，我愿意去开始一切。A. wipe out 消灭，摧毁；B. shrink from 在前面退缩；C. take on 开始，动身；D. turn

35、against 反对，背叛。由本句中的连词but可知，“At times I would feel overwhelmed（无法抵抗的）by the pressure to _3_”和“with the optimism of youth,I was ready to _4_the world”是转折关系，前半部分表示的是有时候我会被想要成功带来的压力弄的不知所措，是在描述一种问题，在遇到这种问题之下，面对世界我用年前人的乐观精神去开始一切。选项C. take on 开始，动身，和the world搭配的时候表示的是开始一切，符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的桌子可能

36、看起来一团乱，但是我精确地知道我要做什么和什么时候做。A. chessboard 棋盘；B. mess 混乱；C. souvenir 纪念品；D. blueprint 蓝图，计划。由后半部分“但是我精确地知道我要做什么”可知，和前半部分我的桌子是混乱的状态形成对比关系。选项B. mess 混乱，符合语境。故选B。【21题详解】考查连接副词。句意：我的桌子可能看起来一团乱，但是我精确地知道我要做什么和什么时候做。A. when 什么时候；B. who 谁；C. why 为什么；D. where 在哪里。分析句子可知，该句在and后面省略了“I had to do”,由and前面的并列内容“我要做

37、什么”和我精确地知道的内容可知，and后面表示的是我什么时候做。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：问题是这份清单似乎绝对不会变的更短。A. cleaner 更干净的；B. shorter 更短的；C. longer 更长的；D. smoother 更光滑的。由problem可知，空格这里是要填能与整句话构成负面意思的词，选项B. shorter 更短的，表达的是清单似乎一点都没变短，即永远做不完要做的事，符合语境。故选B。23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，甚至要去记住一些获胜的事情或者一些成就是非常困难的，但是我依然继续。A. Hopefully 有希望地；B. Even

38、tually 最后，终于；C. Fortunately 幸运地；D. Initially 最初。由后面的“and slowly, I started looking forward to writing down the things that I had achieved”表示的是然后我慢慢地开始期待写下我已经完成的事情可知，本句表示的是一开始我很难记住我完成了什么事情。选项D. Initially 最初，符合语境。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初，甚至要去记住一些获胜的事情或者一些成就是非常困难的，但是我依然继续。A. pains 疼痛；B. proofs 证据；C. w

39、ins 赢，胜利；D. losses 失败。由“or achievements”表示的或者一些成就可知，空格处表示的是一些好的事情。选项C. wins 赢，胜利，符合语境。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最初，甚至要去记住一些获胜的事情或者一些成就是非常困难的，但是我依然继续。A. ignored 忽视；B. continued 继续；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. bothered 烦扰，打扰。由后一句“and slowly, I started looking forward to writing down the things that I had achieved”

40、表示的是然后我慢慢地开始期待写下我已经完成的事情可知，空格处表示的是继续记录我已经完成的事情。选项B. continued 继续，符合语境。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我慢慢地开始期待写下我已经完成的事情，写下给我带来真正快乐的片刻，或者写下我已经克服的个人挑战。A. joy 欢乐，乐趣；B. life 生活；C. tension 紧张，不安；D. mercy 仁慈，宽容。由本句中的achieve，achievements可知，这里一直谈的是正面积极的事情。选项A. joy 欢乐，乐趣，表达的是带给我真实的快乐，符合语境。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后

41、我慢慢地开始期待写下我已经完成的事情，写下给我带来真正快乐的片刻，或者写下我已经克服的个人挑战。A. feared 害怕；B. expected 期待；C. overcome 克服；D. deserted 遗弃。由本句中的achieve，achievements可知，这里一直谈的是正面积极的事情。选项C. overcome 克服，表达的是克服挑战，符合语境。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：所以，当我记录我发表的一个不错的演讲的时候，我也会记录即使当时我是筋疲力尽的和恼怒的，我设法保持冷静的情况。A. noted down 记录；B. polished up 改善，润色；C.

42、showed off 炫耀；D. went over 复习，仔细检查。由后半部分我也会记录可知，空格处表示的是我记录的动作。选项A. noted down 记录，符合语境。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我记录我发表的一个不错的演讲的时候，我也会记录即使当时我是筋疲力尽的和恼怒的，我设法保持冷静的情况。A. connected 连接的；B. calm 冷静的；C. tuned 经调谐的；D. tense 紧张的。由后面条件句“即使当时我是筋疲力尽的和恼怒的”可知，空格处应表示的是和“筋疲力尽，恼怒的”相对立的词，选项B. calm 冷静的，符合语境。故选B。【30题详解

43、】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：和总是查看我需要做别的什么事情相反地，我开始回想我的成就和庆祝最小的胜利。A. ridding of 除去，摆脱；B. leaving out 遗漏，省去；C. making up 补足，编造；D. reflecting on 回想。由前半部分“和总是查看我需要做别的什么事情相反地”可知，我不再去查阅思考我要做什么事情，而是去想我完成了什么成就。选项D. reflecting on 回想，符合语境。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个微小的变化，但是它已经在帮助我去评估我是如何感知生活中的成功方面变得有用了。A. gap 间隙，分歧；B. clue

44、线索，情节；C. change 变化；D. victory 胜利。由前一句“Instead of always looking at what else I had to do,I started_15_my achievements and celebrating the smallest wins.”表示的是“和总是查看我需要做别的什么事情相反地，我开始回想我的成就和庆祝最小的胜利”可知，空格处表示的是从思考我要做什么事情变成了去想我完成的成就，这是一种转变。选项C. change 变化，符合语境。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个微小的变化，但是它已经很有用地在帮助我去评

45、估我是如何感知生活中的成功。A. inquire 询问；B. evaluate 评估；C. share 分享；D. doubt 怀疑。由前一句“I started_15_my achievements and celebrating the smallest wins.”表示的是“我开始回想我的成就和庆祝最小的胜利”可知，我在记录成就的事情也是在感受我成功的过程，这是一种评价的过程。选项B. evaluate 评估，符合语境。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会说它已经解决了所有事情，但是它已经是一个巨大的进步。A. solved 解决；B. witnessed 目击，证明；C

46、. limited 限制；D. destroyed 破坏。由后半部分“但是它已经是一个巨大的进步”可知，空格处和后半部分形成转折，所表达的是一个不足。选项A. solved 解决，表示的是解决一切，符合语境。故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：把他们写下来可以让我回想最微小的否则将会被我忘记的成功。 A. otherwise 否则；B. exactly 准确地；C. hardly 几乎不；D. simply 简单地。由“might have passed me by.”表示的是“可能会对我一闪即逝的”可知，如果我不写下这些胜利的事情，它们相反地会一闪即逝，被我忘记。选项A. othe

47、rwise 否则，符合语境。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且我的自我价值不在由我的待做清单上的勾和叉衡量。A. score 分数；B. crosses 十字架；C. revisions 修正；D. comments 评论。由第一段第一行的cross the tasks表示的是“用叉划掉任务”可知，空格处表示的是清单上的是勾和叉。故选B。第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AProject Puffin, Skomer, PembrokeshirePassion

48、ate about wildlife and nature? These surveys and activities offer volunteers a close-up of our fauna (动物群）and flora (植物群）while helping to safeguard the environment.Plan ahead for next summer and join the puffarazzi with the RSPB. Between early June and late July 2020,visitors to the UKs puffin (善知鸟）

49、colonies will be asked to take photographs of birds with fish in their bills, making a note of the date, time and location and then uploading that information to a dedicated page on the RSPB s website. The idea is to help conservation scientist Dr Ellie Owen and her team pinpoint why puffin colonies

50、 are declining (the current thinking is that it is related to a reduction in food availability caused by climate change). The colonies include Skomer Island, in Pembrokeshire, to which the Wildlife Trust of South&West Wales runs day trips between Easter and the end of September.Boat fares from Marti

51、ns Haven to Skomer are 11 adult, 7 child, landing fee 11 adult, 5 child. Hostel-style overnight stay 30 adult, 15 child. Details of Project Puffin at rspb.org.uk36. We can learn from the advertisement that .A. visitors are asked to take pictures of animals and plantsB. the activity is meant to help

52、safeguard the environmentC. the decline of puffin colonies is caused by illegal huntingD. the puffin colonies is a tourist attraction for long holidays37. If a couple with two children pay a day visit to the colonies, they will spend .A. 68B. 98C. 128D. 158【答案】36. B 37. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以广告的形式，讲述了皇家鸟类

53、保护协会将为志愿者提供动物群和植物群的特写，有助于保护环境。【36题详解】细节理解题。由第一段的“These surveys and activities offer volunteers a close-up of our fauna (动物群）and flora (植物群）while helping to safeguard the environment.”（这些调查和活动为志愿者提供了动物群和植物群的特写，同时帮助保护环境。），可知这些活动会帮助保护环境。故选B项。【37题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段的“Boat fares from Martins Haven to Skomer a

54、re 11 adult, 7 child, landing fee 11 adult, 5 child.”（从马丁港到斯柯默的船费，成人11英镑，儿童7英镑；着陆费，成人11英镑，儿童5英镑。），可知有两个孩子的夫妇，是2个成人，2个儿童，（11+11）*2+（7+5）*2=68，共68英镑。故选A项。BThomas Wallin at Cornell University in New York and his colleagues have created soft robotic grippers(机械爪）that are capable of sweating to cool down

55、.The grippers are capable of a cooling capacity of 107 watts per kilogram,making them more efficient sweaters than mammals.By comparison,humans and horses have a maximum cooling capacity around 35 watts per kilogram.Each gripper consists of three finger-like parts that bend simultaneously(同步地）to gra

56、sp small objects.The 3D-printed grippers are made from hydrogels -materials which can store large amounts of water.Each finger is made from an underlayer with an internal channel to let fluid flow and is capped with a surface layer containing micropores(微孔）。At cold temperatures,the pores close.At te

57、mperatures higher than 30C,the surface layer expands,enabling pressurised fluid from the underlayer to sweat out.The material responds simultaneously to temperature changes without the need for external sensors.Sweating takes advantage of evaporative water loss to rapidly dissipate(使消散）heat,”said Wa

58、llin in a press briefing yesterday.Unlike convection or radiation,sweating lowers the temperature of a body below that of its environment,he said.When the local temperature rose above the transition,the pores would simply open on their own,said Wallin.When blown by wind from a fan,the sweating robot

59、s cooled at a rate of 39.1C per minute, about six times faster than similar devices that are unable to sweat.The technique could be used to help robots operate for long periods of time without overheating,said team-member Robert Shepherd,also at Cornwell.However,there is currently no means for the r

60、obot to replenish(补充）its fluid stores after sweating.This meansthe robots that operate via the autonomous sweating that weve created would have to also be able to drink,said Shepherd.38. What is the most distinct feature of soft robotic grippers?A. They can cool themselves down by sweating.B. They c

61、an grasp objects like human fingers.C. They can store large amounts of water.D. Theyre 3D printed and can bend.39. What is the fundamental principle behind the sweating of robotic grippers?A. Three parts of each gripper bend at the same time.B. The external sensors detect the temperature change.C. H

62、eat expands the material and squeezes the liquid out.D. Radiation lowers the temperature below the environment.40. We can conclude from the last paragraph that the robotsA. can sweat by themselvesB. need to be refilled with waterC. can sense thirst and drink waterD. can work long without overheating

63、【答案】38. A 39. C 40. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了康奈尔大学研制出了通过自主“流汗”来降温的机械臂，主要说明了机械臂的降温原理及其优点。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thomas Wallin at Cornell University in New York and his colleagues have created soft robotic grippers(机械爪）that are capable of sweating to cool down.”可知，这种机械爪的最大特点就是能通过“排汗”来降温。故选A项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二

64、句“At temperatures higher than 30C,the surface layer expands,enabling pressurised fluid from the underlayer to sweat out.”可知，当外界温度较高时，机械爪表层就会扩展，从而将加压的水排出来，这就是其工作原理。故选C项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,there is currently no means for the robot to replenish(补充）its fluid stores after sweating.”可知，目前还没有补充液体储

65、存的手段，容易想到后文中所指代机械爪也要“喝水”，指在储水用完后需要补充水。故选B项。CSince You Need A Green LightTruth is subjective.If there is one word of advice I would leave to my children it would be, youre better off being DIFFERENT. If the majority of people are doing something and you choose to be a part of it then youre probably o

66、n a fast track to self-destruction.One of these disturbing changes I mentioned is the fact that my fellow oxvgen users allow themselves to be fooled so easily. Its almost as if no one can think on their own anymore.We let trends influence how we dress, talk and interact. Where Im from, in the 90s yo

67、u couldnt be caught dead with tight pants. Now, a couple of rap artist wear skinny jeans and its okay? Now Im not saying that theres anything wrong with wearing fitted clothing, but does media have to give you a green light for everything? Live your life for you.Have you ever asked yourself, who def

68、ines your perspective of cool? When you see a commercial on TV advertising some new shoes that arent economically friendly,are you interested in the actual design of the shoe or are you more concerned about how you are perceived wearing an expensive brand?Currently,we seek that peace in the wrong pl

69、aces. Did you know that its human nature to desire to be a part of something? Do you really want to be out all night drinking with the guys/girls? Who celebrates turning 33 with shots? Choose to be a part of something positive. Constantly seek to better yourself and your circle.Life can be discourag

70、ing at times. We subconsciously corner our souls until the point where we have to escape by any means necessary. Even to the point of doing things we wouldnt normally do. Reaching the bottom of a 750ml bottle of Ciroc (a brand of alcohol)could be emotional survival. Same goes for participating in dr

71、ugs and other escapes weve created.Its past time to wake up from your slumber(睡眠）。Find your happiness. Not the temporary satisfaction from substance-less material things. Take a break from consulting your many Facebook psychologists. Think on your own for a change. Evaluate your current status and p

72、lan for where you want to be.41. The underlined words“fellow oxygen usersrefer toA. the general publicB. patients in the hospitalC. people breathing in oxygenD. peer groups born in the 90s42. Pants and skinny jeansin Para.2 are mentioned to show thatA. its a popular way of dressingB. fitted clothing

73、 is comfortableC. its a perspective of being coolD. the media often misleads people43. We can infer from the passage thatA. life is sometimes tough for ordinary peopleB. people tend to be influenced by external factorsC. alcohol and drug abuse is gaining popularityD. drinking can contribute to emoti

74、onal survival44. The author of this passage aims to.A. advocate following new fashionsB. oppose drinking with close friendsC. encourage independent thinkingD. advise seeking help from experts【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为我们应该避免盲从大众与媒体，要活出自己的风采，多寄托于精神追求，而非在物质中寻找满足感。【41题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“

75、If the majority of people are doing something and you choose to be a part of it then youre probably on a fast track to self-destruction.”可知，作者提醒我们不能盲目跟从大流，这里的fellow oxygen users表面上看起来是同等呼吸氧气的人，实际上代指的是其他广大群众，指代第一段的the majority of people。故选A项。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Now Im not saying that theres anyth

76、ing wrong with wearing fitted clothing,but does media have to give you a green light for everything?”可知，作者在本段指出所谓的时尚、潮流影响着我们的衣食住行，然后就列举了紧身牛仔裤为例，表明媒体的导向不应该成为人们的标准，D选项“媒体往往会误导人们”符合文意。故选D项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“one of these disturbing changes I mentioned is the fact that my fellow oxygen users allow th

77、emselves to be fooled so easily.”可知，作者认为大众容易受到外界的愚弄和蛊惑，容易盲目跟从，B选项“人们倾向于受到外界因素影响”符合文意。故选B项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Take a break from consulting your many Facebook psychologists.Think on your own for a change.”并结合文章内容可知，作者通过不要盲从大众、不要被媒体支配等多方面一致要表达，读者要有独立思考和判断的能力，C选项“鼓励独立思考”符合文意。故选C项。DYou probably know th

78、e name Christopher Robin from one of the most beloved childrens books in history. But Christopher Robin Milne was a real person-the only child of Winnie the Pooh author A.A.Milne. It was his playtime in the woods with his parents and his favorite stuffed animal that inspired the series. However, the

79、 little boy would soon be thrust into the spotlight before he was even old enough for kindergarten, much less equipped to handle worldwide fame and recognition. Heres what Christopher Robin really thought of Winnie the Pooh and his own reluctant legacy(遗留下来的东西) as the hero of these stories.Christoph

80、er Robin was born on August 21,1920.His father, Alan Alexander Milne, kept a home in London for the family, but they would often spend weekends at a country home called Cotchford Farm in East Sussex.Thats the location that inspired many of the locales(故事发生的现场) in the books, including the Hundred Acr

81、e Wood. As for Winnie the Pooh, he was inspired by a real-life character, too. Well, sort of. A. A. Milne bought Christopher Robin a teddy bear named Edward Bear from Harrods of London for his first birthday, according to the New York Public Library. Christopher Robin renamed the bear Winnie after a

82、 real bear he saw at the London Zoo. Heres more about the real-life toys that inspired the other Winnie the Pooh characters.The creation of the Winnie the Pooh stories was a family affair. In fact, A.A.Milne often credited his wife, Daphne, as a collaborator on the books because he was inspired by w

83、atching how she played with Christopher Robin, helping him bring the stuffed animals to life with different voices and personalities to suit each one.The Winnie the Pooh sensation started with a short story that A.A.Milne wrote for the London Evening News. It was called “The Wrong Sort of Bees,” and

84、 it included Christopher Robin and his bear, Winnie the Pooh. But, according to the Smithsonian, the boy and his bear really rose to fame with the publication of A.A.Milne s 1926 book that was illustrated by E.H. Shepard.Fan mail poured in when people learned that there was a “real” Christopher Robi

85、n. The author would give his son those fan letters, introducing the little boy to his new, widespread fame. Christopher Robin was expected to respond to each fan letter with his nannys help. He also appeared in a pageant(露天演出的历史剧）based on the Pooh characters and would participate in audio recordings

86、 of the books when he was only 7,which his cousin would later refer to as exploitation, according to the BBC.Christopher Robin liked the Winnie the Pooh books at first, and he even enjoyed the fame. However, after a few years, those books that were so beloved to readers around the world became a bur

87、den to him. Christopher Robin went away to boarding school around the age of 9,at the height of Winnie the Poochs popularity, and he was bullied there. The other kids would play that record of Christopher Robin reading the poems about Winnie the Pooh and tease him mercilessly.Plus, the real-life Chr

88、istopher Robin was very different from the fictional character who shared his name, but people made the false assumption that he was truly like the character in the books. As a result, Christopher Robin felt very misunderstood. Here are more fictional characters you never knew were based on real peo

89、ple.By 1929,A.A.Milne told reporters that he was “amazed and disgusted” by Christopher Robins fame. Although he didnt go into detail about the problems that his son faced, the author felt that his son had already experienced more fame than he had intended or wanted for him. Realizing that his young

90、son might be damaged by this, A.A.Milne swore never to write another childrens book after the fourth Pooh book was published.Still, as with most family situations, things were complicated. The Guardian reports that A.A. Milne was a bit in denial about the grave impact the fame had on his son, tellin

91、g reporters on another occasion that Christopher Robin referred to himself as “Billy Moon” at home and claiming that the fame didnt impact them personally. That would prove to be untrue.45. What happened to Christopher Robin after the series succeeded?A. He stopped playing in the woods with his toys

92、.B. He became the center of worldwide attention.C. He prepared himself for kindergarten education.D. He refused to admit being the hero of these stories.46. How did the creation of the Winnie the Pooh stories take place?A. It resulted from Milne s family cooperation.B. It was inspired by Robins firs

93、t birthday party.C. It was assisted by the real-life stuffed animals.D. It began with a casual visit to a country home.47. What do we know about the book The Wrong Sort of Bees byA. It was cowritten by E.H.Shepard and A.A.Milne.B. It helped the boy and his bear to achieve great fame.C. It laid the b

94、ase for the boy and his bear rising to fame.D. It was published in 1926 according to the Smithsonian.48. What was his cousins attitude to Robins participation in these activities?A. Supporting.B. Aggressive.C. Objective.D. Disapproving.49. Why did Christopher Robin become tired of the fame after a f

95、ew years?A. Because he began to study in a boarding school.B. Because he disliked the fictional character any more.C. Because he shamed his name with the fictional character.D. Because he suffered from the bullies and misunderstandings.50. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean

96、?A. People might mask their true feelings for certain reasons.B. People are likely to make family situations more complex.C People should be encouraged to tell the truth to reporters.D. People can be influenced by complicated family situations.【答案】45. B 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. D 50. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了小熊

97、维尼这本深受孩子喜爱的书背后的原型是作者Miline的儿子Robin，并介绍了随着这部书的火爆，Robin也因此遭受了由名声带来的一些负面影响。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中However, the little boy would soon be thrust into the spotlight before he was even old enough for kindergarten, much less equipped to handle worldwide fame and recognition.可知，然而，这个小男孩很快就被推到了聚光灯下，他甚至还没到上幼儿园的年龄，

98、更不具备应付世界声誉和认可的能力。由此可知，在Winnie the Pooh系列图书成功之后，Christopher Robin成了全世界关注的中心。故选B。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段首句The creation of the Winnie the Pooh stories was a family affair.可知小熊维尼故事的创作是一个家庭的事件。接着描述了Miline认为他的妻子是这个故事的合作者，因为妻子经常陪Robin玩耍。达芙妮帮米尔恩把这些毛绒玩具赋予了生命，赋予它们不同的声音和个性，以适应不同的角色。故是Miline一家的合作，促成了这个故事的创作。由此可知，小熊维

99、尼的故事是Miline家庭合作的结果。故选A。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中It was called “The Wrong Sort of Bees,” and it included Christopher Robin and his bear, Winnie the Pooh. But, according to the Smithsonian, the boy and his bear really rose to fame with the publication of A.A.Milne s 1926 book that was illustrated by E.H. Sh

100、epard.可知它被称为 错误的蜜蜂，它包括克里斯托弗-罗宾和他的熊，小熊维尼。但是，根据史密森学会的说法，这个男孩和他的熊真正成名是随着1926年出版的A.A.Milne的书，这本书是由E.H.Shepard绘制的。由此可知，错误种类的蜜蜂这本书为男孩和他的熊成名打下了基础。故选C。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中He also appeared in a pageant(露天演出的历史剧）based on the Pooh characters and would participate in audio recordings of the books when he was onl

101、y 7,which his cousin would later refer to as exploitation, according to the BBC.可知据英国广播公司报道，他还在7岁时参加了以小熊维尼人物为原型的选美比赛，并参与了这些书的录音，他的表弟后来称这是一种剥削。由此可知，他的表弟不支持Robin出演活动。故选D。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中However, after a few years, those books that were so beloved to readers around the world became a burden to him.

102、Christopher Robin went away to boarding school around the age of 9,at the height of Winnie the Poochs popularity, and he was bullied there.The other kids would play that record of Christopher Robin reading the poems about Winnie the Pooh and tease him mercilessly.可知然而，几年后，那些深受世界各地读者喜爱的书籍成了他的负担。Chris

103、topher Robin在9岁左右去了寄宿学校，当时小熊维尼(Winnie the Pooch)正处于人气高峰，他在那里被欺负。其他的孩子会播放克里斯托弗罗宾读维尼熊诗歌的录音，并无情地取笑他。由此可知，Christopher Robin在几年之后就厌倦了名声，因为他遭受了欺凌和误解。故选D。【50题详解】句意猜测题。根据上文可知，因为书的火热，Robin因此受到了很多的痛苦折磨，Miline因此决定不再写关于孩子的书，结合后文中The Guardian reports that A.A. Milne was a bit in denial about the grave impact the

104、 fame had on his son, telling reporters on another occasion that Christopher Robin referred to himself as “Billy Moon” at home and claiming that the fame didnt impact them personally.可知据卫报报道，A.A. Milne在另一次采访中对记者说，Christopher Robin在家里称自己为“Billy Moon”，并声称名声对他们个人没有影响。可知，在另外一些场合下，Robin又宣称名声并没有对他个人造成影响，故

105、划线句表明人们可能会出于某些原因掩盖自己的真实感受。故选A。第II卷（两部分，共35分）第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）。请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。Imagine that work had taken over the world.It would be the centre around which the rest of life turned.Then all else would come to be subservient(服从于）to w

106、ork.Then slowly,almost unconsciously,anything else-the games once played,the songs sung now,the loves fulfilled,the festivals celebrated-would come to resemble and finally become work.And how,in this world of total work,would people think and sound and act?Everywhere they looked,they would see the p

107、re- employed,employed,post-employed,underemployed and unemployed,and there would be no one uncounted in this census(人口普查）。Everywhere they would praise and love work wishing each other the very best for a productive day,opening their eyes to tasks and closing them only to sleep.Everywhere virtue of h

108、ard work would be championed as the means by which success is to be achieved,laziness being considered as the gravest sin(罪孽）。 Everywhere among content-providers,knowledge-brokers,collaboration architects and heads of new divisions would be heard endless chatter about workflows,about plans and bench

109、marks(基准）。In this world,eating,resting,exercising,meditating and commuting(act of travelling back and forth between home and work)would all be beneficial to good health,which would,in turn,be put in the service of being more and more productive.No one would drink too much,and some would just take a

110、little of psychedelics(迷幻剂）to enhance their work performance.What is so disturbing about total work is not just that it causes needless human suffering but also that it removes the forms of playful contemplation(沉思）concerned with our asking,thinking and answering the most basic questions of existenc

111、e.There is,to begin with,constant tension,an dominant sense of pressure associated with the thought that theres something that needs to be done, always something Im supposed to be doing right now.Secondly,one feels guilt whenever he is not as productive as possibleThe burden character of total work,

112、then,is defined by ceaseless,restless,upsetting activity, anxiety about the future,a sense of life being overwhelming,thoughts_about missed opportunities, and guilt connected to the possibility of laziness.In short,total work necessarily causes dukkha,a Buddhist term referring to the unsatisfactory

113、nature of a life filled with suffering.In addition to causing dukkha,total work blocks access to higher levels of reality.For what is lost in the world of total work is arts disclosure of the beautiful,religions glimpse of eternity(永恒）， loves pure joy,and philosophys sense of wonderment(a feeling of

114、 pleasant surprise or admiration). All of these require silence,stillness,a wholehearted willingness to simply understand.Passage outlineSupporting detailsImaginationIf work occupied the world,human life would _51_around nothingelse and there would also be an _52_change from anything to work.Possibl

115、e occurrences Human life would be a work-sleep pattern. Efforts to make you _53_at work would be praised and laziness _54_ People of different（ 55 ）would talk endlessly about work,like workflows,plans and so on.Consequences Total work not only brings about suffering but also _56_people from having p

116、layful contemplation. Total work tends to put people under pressure,making them feel tense and _57_when they are not productive. Total work causes people to always feel _58_about their life. Total work leaves people little _59_to explore art,religion,love and philosophy,blocking peoples access to hi

117、gher levels of _60_.【答案】51. center/centre 52. unconscious 53. efficient/productive 54. condemned/criticized 55. professions/jobs/careers 56. prevents/stops/blocks/ discourages 57. guilty 58. unsatisfied 59. chance/time 60. reality【解析】该题是一篇说明文。讲了当工作占据生活会发生什么，定位容易，出现大量的原词重现，一些题目答案还有多个，难度中等偏下。【51题详解】考查

118、动词。根据第一段第二句It would be the center around which如果工作完全占据生活，人类将不再围绕任何东西。故填center/centre。【52题详解】考查形容词。根据第一段第二行Then slowly, almost unconsciously, anything else，事物会发生无意识的转变，该空需要一个形容词修饰，将副词unconsciously转形容词unconscious。故填unconscious。【53题详解】考查形容词。根据第二段第三行they would praise and love workfor a productive day使得工

119、作产率更高就会被表扬。故填efficient/productive。【54题详解】考查动词。根据第二段倒数第三行laziness being considered as the gravest sin。懒惰被视为罪过，也就是会被批评。故填condemned/criticized。【55题详解】考查名词。根据第二段最后一句Everywhere amongwould be heard endless chatter about work flows。不同职业的人会无休止的谈论工作。故填professions/jobs/careers。【56题详解】考查动词。根据第四段第二行but also tha

120、t it removes the forms of playful contemplation消除了顽皮的沉思，也就是使人们远离这种沉思。故填prevents/stops/blocks/discourages。【57题详解】考查名词。根据第五段第二行thoughts about missed opportunities, and guilt connected to the possibility of laziness.当人们低效率时，会产生罪恶感，该空需要形容词，故将名词guilt转形容词guilty。故填guilty。【58题详解】考查形容词。根据第五段最后一句referring to

121、the unsatisfactory nature of a life人们会认为生活是不满的。Unsatisfactory adj.令人不满的；unsatisfied adj.感到不满的。故填unsatisfied。【59题详解】考查名词。根据第六段第二句For what is lost in the world of total work is arts disclosure of beauty，工作使得艺术不再贴近美，不再贴近人们生活。也就是人们没有时间或者机会去感受艺术。故填chance/time。【60题详解】考查名词。第六段第一句total work blocks access to

122、 higher levels of reality.工作阻止人们走向更高级别真实。故填reality。第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）61.请阅读下面图文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。The need for social distancing has reached the dining table with the National Health Commission announcing on Sunday that it will insist on diners being served meals in separate dishes in restaurants t

123、o better protect public health.Separate dishes for everyone is not something new for China;the earliest records show people having their meals from separate dishes.Even during big feasts,people had a table to themselves. And there is nothing to suggest this practice was because of an epidemic(流行病）。I

124、nstead,this helped personalize the menu for everyone and avoid the wasting of food.How we eat is,of course,just one way to control the spread of an epidemic.Some of these good habits should continue after the epidemic ends to prevent another one from breaking out in the future.【写作内容】1.用约30个单词概括图文信息的

125、主要内容；2. 结合实际谈谈你是否倾向于中国古代传统的就餐方式？请说明理由（不少于两点）。【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】The two pictures mirror different ways of dinning for Chinese people in different eras. Dinning separately, an effective way of preventing diseases is advocated by NHC to me

126、et the need for social distancing.From my perspective, the benefits of traditional dinning method cant be denied, such as avoiding food waste, developing good individual sanitary habits. In response to the outbreak of Covid-19, we Chinese may as well dine separately, which in turn contributes to the

127、 contain of spread of some diseases. Meanwhile, we dont need to be surprised at the dinning method, for it was our traditional culture. Only in this way can we get back to our civilization.Despite the strengths of the traditional dinning method, modern dinning method is accepted during family reunio

128、ns, which can promote communication and strengthen bonds. However, in the face of current serious situation, keeping social distance is a must.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达考查学生的读写能力。【详解】本篇读写任务首先要求用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；并结合实际谈谈你是否倾向于中国古代传统的就餐方式。半开放性作文给出了一个话题，并有部分的文字提示。给考生自由发挥的余地较大。对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。

129、在完成开放性作文时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，因为这样你才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体，如besides，worse still，in addition，most importantly等。切记写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；不必写标题。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如非限定性定语从句In response to the outbreak of Covid-19, we Chinese may as well

130、dine separately, which in turn contributes to the contain of spread of some diseases. 和Despite the strengths of the traditional dinning method, modern dinning method is accepted during family reunions, which can promote communication and strengthen bonds.；倒装句Only in this way can we get back to our civilization.；非谓语动词However, in the face of current serious situation, keeping social distance is a must. 此外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。