《解析》湖南省湘潭市2015-2016学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题解析（解析版）WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家本试题卷分听力技能、阅读技能、知识运用、写作技能四个部分，共6页。满分100分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）略第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共12小题，每小题2分，满分24分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A.Your school asked parents about the social development in children in the last Parents Meeting. Here are some opinions. Read followi

2、ng information and answer the questions.Parent 2: Social development should begin at a very early age. It is important for young children before starting school. Playing with other children can help them get skills needed to make new friends.Parent 1: Social development in children is an important p

3、art of childhood. Social activities can help enhance childrens social abilities and make them more confident. School headmaster: Parents should try to allow children to deal with the situation on their own first. Children can learn what works and what doesnt work from their failures, which help chil

4、dren act properly in the futures society.Parent 3: Many ball games are a great way to encourage children to communicate with other kids. Its a good idea for them to play basketball or football together. They can learn teamwork.21. The underlined word, “enhance”, can be replaced by .A. spend B. impro

5、ve C. expect D. handle22. The underlined word, “it”, refers to .A. social development B. a very early age C. ball game D. failure23. What kind of activities may be supported by the third parent for his/her children?A. Playing basketball with friends. B. Playing computer games. C. Holding parties at

6、home. D. Watching TV alone.24. Which is NOT the advantage from social development according to these parents and headmasters opinions?A. Children become more confident. B. Children get skills needed to make new friends.C. Children learn teamwork. D. Children are afraid of making mistakes.【答案】 21.B22

7、.A23.A24.D【解析】23.A 细节理解题。根据第三位家长说的Its a good idea for them to play basketball or football together.可知，家长支持孩子和朋友在一起打篮球，故选A。24.D 细节理解题。家人们认为参与社会活动对孩子的自信心有帮助，能让他们学会如何交朋友，能学会团队合作，没提孩子害怕犯错，故选D。考点：考查教育类短文阅读。B.Spring is here and so is the cycling season. Here are some suggestions on how to ride a bike safe

8、ly and comfortably.Watch your feetUsing the wrong part of the foot can raise your risk of hurting the heel and arch. You should push with the ball of your foot.Layer upWhile its still cool, wear layers of clothing, with light clothing close to the body and outer layers that do not absorb water. Choo

9、se bright colors that increase your visibility (可见度).Fix the fitIf you have lower back pain or numbness (麻木) in your hands and finger from cycling, it could be because your bike isnt adjusted properly for your height. A good cycle shop can help you find the right bike.Be mindfulYou have to pay atten

10、tion on the roads to vehicles, other cyclists and pedestrians (行人). Consider taking a cycling safety course to practice your skills, or do some reading about how to avoid dangerous cycling situations. .25. Which part of the foot should one use when cycling?A. The heel. B. The arch. C. The ball. D. T

11、he toes.26. What kind of layers of clothing is suggested for cycling?A. Heavy clothing. B. Oversize (肥大的) clothing. C. Out layers absorb water. D. Clothing with bright colors.27. If you feel pain or numb in back or hands after cycling, what may be the reason?A. You lack exercise. B. You are ill. C.

12、Cycling doesnt suit you. D. Your bike isnt adjusted properly for your height.28. According to the last paragraph, if you want to avoid danger when cycling, you should .take a cycling safety course search for information on choose walking rather than cycling ride a bike with many friendsA. B. C. D. 【

13、答案】 25.C26.D27.D28.A 【解析】27.D 细节理解题。根据fix the fit 中的it could be because your bike isnt adjusted properly for your height.可知，自行车的高度不合适会导致骑车后背痛或者手痛，故选D。28.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Consider taking a cycling safety course to practise your skills. Or do some reading about how to avoid dangerous cycling situations.

14、 , for instance, lists 10 types of car-bike accidents and how to avoid them.可知要想避免危险，可以上骑车的课程，或是寻找骑车安全信息的网站。故选A 。考点：考查生活类短文阅读。C.The youngest of five children in a poor family, Clara Barton was born on Christmas Day 1821 in Oxford. Before the Civil War, Claras most famous achievement (成就) was the est

15、ablishment (建立) of a free public school in New Jersey. Her only medical experience before the war was when she cared for her sick brother for ten months.During the war, Clara soon devoted herself to saving the wounded soldiers who needed medical supplies. Because of her successful operation, she was

16、 praised by the U.S. general, William Hammond, and was allowed to travel with army ambulances. For the next three years, Clara traveled along with the army operations throughout Virginia and South Carolina. In addition, she also formed a program at Camp Parole, where she attempted to find any soldie

17、r who was missing in the war.Upon the wars end in 1865, Clara set up an information center to aid in locating missing soldiers. Meanwhile, she made lectures quite frequently, and as a result of exhaustion (筋疲力尽), three years later in 1868, she suffered a breakdown and went to Switzerland to recover.

18、 Clara Barton was truly a great American who devoted her life to human beings. 29. Clara Barton was born in Oxford in .A. 1821 B. 1824 C. 1865 D. 186830. What can we learn about Clara Barton from the first paragraph?A. She was born in a rich family. B. She was the only child of her family.C. She est

19、ablished a free public school. D. She had lots of medical experience before the war.31. What is the right order for the following event?a. Clara set up a program at Camp Parole. b. Clara established a free public school.c. Clara went to Switzerland to recover. d. Clara traveled with army ambulances.

20、 A. abcd B. abdc C. badc D. bdac32. What is the passage mainly about?A. Clara Bartons family. B. Clara Barton and her achievements.C. Clara Bartons army life. D. Clara Bartons program at Camp Parole.【答案】 29.A30.C31.D32.B【解析】试题分析：Clara Barton出身于5个孩子的贫穷家庭，她照顾生病的弟弟，建立了免费的学校；内战中帮助救助士兵，战争结束后为寻找失踪的士兵而四处奔走

21、，她的一生都在付出奉献。29.A 细节理解题。文章第一句话就介绍Clara Barton was born on Christmas Day 1821 in Oxford.故选A。30.C 细节理解题。文章第一段介绍她出身贫寒，兄弟姐妹5个。在内战前照顾过生病的弟弟，Before the Civil War, Claras most famous achievement (成就) was the establishment (建立) of a free public school in New Jersey提示我们选C。31.D细节理解题。文章第一段说 Before the Civil War

22、, Claras most famous achievement (成就) was the establishment (建立) of a free public school in New Jersey.；第二段说在内战中表现出色，she was allowed to travel with army ambulances. 内战期间she also formed a program at Camp Parole来帮助寻找失踪的士兵；最后一段介绍three years later in 1868, she suffered a breakdown and went to Switzerlan

23、d to recover.，故选D。 32.B 细节理解题。本文介绍了Clare的伟大成就。故选A。考点：考查人物类短文阅读。第二节（共3小题，每小题2分，满分6分）下面文章中有3处（第3335题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C和D）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。How to control embarrassing momentsHave you ever done something embarrassing? At that moment, you probably wished you could disappear i

24、nto air. Good news? You can keep the damage to the minimum. Heres some help.33. You are staring at a handsome boy so hard that you walk into a wall. You dropped all your books. The best thing you can do? If youre not hurt seriously, laugh it off. Say like “Hey, I can teach you to do that if you want

25、 to!” By laughing at yourself, you show people youre confident and still in control of the situation.34. Some situations are not suitable for laughing off. Your underwear falls out of your backpack. You pass gas while giving a speech. Making a joke would call more attention to what happened. What no

26、w? You can just pretend nothing happened and go on what you were doing, or you can say “Oh, that was awkward” and then move on.35. Some embarrassing situations may embarrass yourself and make someone else feel bad. You imitate (模仿) your teachers accent just as the teacher walks in. Making a joke or

27、running away wont make you look better. Instead, apologize, “Im so sorry about that.” It may make things right again.A. ApologizeB. Move onC. Laugh it offD. Run away【答案】 33.C34.B35.A【解析】试题分析：尴尬的经历每个人都不可能避免，但是我们可以做到把伤害减少到最小。比如自嘲一下，或者假装什么都没有发生，或者道个歉。33.C 考查段落大意归纳。通过举例子最后得结论：By laughing at yourself, yo

28、u show people youre confident and still in control of the situation.所以本段的意思是：一笑而过。故选C。34.B 考查段落大意归纳。通过举例子最后得结论You can just pretend nothing happened and go on what you were doing, or you can say “Oh, that was awkward” and then move on.假装什么都没有发生，故选B。35.A考查段落大意归纳。通过举例子最后得结论Instead, apologize, “Im so so

29、rry about that.” It may make things right again.道个歉。故选A。考点：考查科普类短文阅读。第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分25分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Julie is only eleven years old, but she is famous all over the world because of her 36 with wild animals. Her parent

30、s came to Africa with Julie many years ago. They worked for a group which helps poor children around the world. One day, Julie was showing her friends how to use a 37 . Then, they wanted to 38 a photo of Julie with an interesting tree behind her. He took a photo of Julie standing under the tree. 39

31、they looked at the photo, they saw something hanging down from the tree. They realized it was a leopard (豹) s tail. Julie decided to go back to the tree because she wanted to get a better photo of her and the leopard. 40 , the leopard was still there and was 41 , so they were able to get a good phot

32、o of Julie and the sleeping 42 .After they got the photo, Julie showed it to the local Sunday Newspaper. After seeing the photo, readers wrote letters to the 43 asking to see more, so Julie started to take more photos with lions, snakes and other wild animals. Soon a lot of magazines started to 44 t

33、he photos from her. Julie and her family earned much money and 45 the money to save poor children. 36. A. moneyB. photosB. parentsD. friends37. A. radioB. cameraC. bookD. computer38.A. createB. paintC. takeD. send39. A. WhenB. BecauseC. IfD. Where40.A. UsuallyB. Unusually C. LuckilyD. Unluckily41. A

34、. awakeB. aliveC. afraidD. asleep42. A. catB. snakeC. leopardD. lion43.A. websiteB. magazineC. newspaperD. poster44.A. askB. buyC. sellD. learn45.A. donatedB. getC. spentD. developed【答案】 36.B37.B38.C39.A40.C41.D42.C43.C44.B45.A【解析】 试题分析： Julie才11岁就闻名于世了。因为她拍了很多和野生动物在一起的照片，她们一家把拍照片赚到的钱都用在了救济穷孩子上。36B

35、考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。A. money钱；B. photos照片；B. parents父母；D. friends朋友。根据下文so Julie started to take more photos with lions, snakes and other wild animals. 可知，Julie出名是因为她和野生动物拍的照片，故选B。37. B 考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。A. radio收音机；B. camera照相机；C. book书；D. computer电脑。下一句提到Then, they wanted to 38 a photo of Julie with an inte

36、resting tree behind her.可知，她在教朋友怎样用相机，故选B。38.C 考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。A. create创造；B. paint画画；C. take带走；D. send发送。下一句提示He took a photo of Julie standing under the tree.可知，这里是说想带走Julie的一张照片，故选C。39. A 考查连词辨析和对语境的理解。A. When当的时候；B. Because因为；C. If如果；D. Where哪里。在看照片的时候，他们看到有东西从树上垂下来，故选A。40.C 考查副词辨析和对语境的理解。A. Usual

37、ly通常；B. Unusually 不同寻常；C. Luckily幸运；D. Unluckily不幸的是。因为后面说豹子还在那里，所以应该感到幸运，故选C。41. D 考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。A. awake醒着的；B. alive活着的；C. afraid担心；D. asleep 睡着的。asleep 和后面的 sleeping 意思一致，故选D。42. C 考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。A. cat猫；B. snake蛇；C. leopard豹子；D. lion狮子。上文已经介绍，这里是和豹拍照，故选C。43.C 考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。A. website网站；B. magazi

38、ne杂志；C. newspaper报纸；D. poster海报。前面说是在local Sunday Newspaper发表，所以读者想让报纸发表更多这类的照片，故选C。44.B 考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。A. ask问；B. buy买；C. sell卖；D. learn学习。后面说赚了好多钱，故选B。45.A 考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。A. donated捐钱；B. get得到；C. spent花钱；D. developed培养，研制。文章一开始就提到Julie和父母到非洲是为了帮助全世界的穷孩子，所以他们把拍照片的钱都捐给了穷孩子，故选A。考点：考查故事类短文的阅读。 第二节 （共10小

39、题，每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。English is now 46 (wide) used throughout the world. The English language 47 (make) up of grammar and vocabulary because people from different countries and cultures have lived together. 48_ （it）development contains three stages: Old English, Middle E

40、nglish and Modern English.In the fifth century, two Germanic groups occupied Britain. Old English consisted of a 49 (mix) of their languages. Unlike Old English, Middle English can be read, although with difficulty, by modern English-speaking people. Many factors contributed 50 the development of Mi

41、ddle English. However, in 1066, the Normans took control of England, 51 did not have the same result that the Germanic invasion had had about 600 years earlier. But French still had 52 influence on the English language. This _53_ (result）even more pairs of similar words. Modern English includes many

42、 Latin and Greek words. As we all know, English will continue changing in the future. It is certain 54 the changing process will continue and people will keep 55 (invent) new words and new ways of saying things.【答案】 46. widely 47. is made 48. Its 49. mixture 50. to51. which 52. an 53. resulted 54. t

43、hat 55. inventing【解析】试题分析：通过阅读，完成词汇在特定语境下的正确运用。词语形式的变化要考虑它们在句子中所做的成分和固定搭配等。46. widely 句意：英语在手世界上被广泛地运用，用副词widely修饰动词is used。47. is made 句意：英语由语法和词汇组成，be made up with 由组成，主语是单数，所以用is。48. Its 句意：英语语言的发展包含三个阶段：古代英语，中世纪英语和现代英语。这类表示它的，用形容词性物主代词Its。49. mixture 句意：古代英语是两种日耳曼语的混合体，mixture名词，混合。50. to 句意：许多因

44、素促成中世纪英语的发展。contribute to 是固定搭配，有贡献于。51. which 句意： 1066 年，诺曼人控制了英格兰，这和600年前日耳曼的入侵结果不同。用which代替前面句子的意思，引导非限制性定语从句。52. an 句意： 但是，法语仍然对英语语言产生了影响。have an influence on是固定搭配，意思是：对产生影响。53. resulted 句意： 这导致了更多对相似的单词。result在这里的意思是：动词，导致。54. that 句意： 变化会继续这是确定的。that引导主语从句，在从句中只 起连接作用，又不可省略。55. inventing 句意：人们

45、会继续一直发明新单词和新说法。keep doing 一直做。考点：语法填空。第三节 改错（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）下列句中各有一个错，请把错处改正。其他部分不得更动。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在右边横线上写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在右边横线上写出改正后的词。56. It said that he has gone to Australia to study further. 57. Many student surf the Internet f

46、or information. 58. Mr. Wang devoted all his life to teach math. 59. I am looking forward to receiving you email. 60. Because she got.up late, so she was late for class. 【答案】 56.It 后加is57.student改为 students58.teach改为 teaching59.you改为 your60.Because去掉或者so去掉【解析】试题分析：通过阅读，完成词汇在特定语境下的正确运用。词语形式的变化要考虑它们在句

47、子中所做的成分和固定搭配等。56.It 后加is 句意：据说他已经在澳大利亚深造了。It is said that据说。57.student改为 students 句意 ：许多学生上网查找信息。many后面用可数名词的复数students。58.teach改为 teaching 句意：王老师把一生都用在了教授数学上。devote ones life to doing 是固定搭配，意思是：致力于。59.you改为 your 句意：我期待着收到你的电子信件。email是名词，前面应该用形容词性物主代词your你的。60.Because去掉或者so去掉 句意：因为起床晚了，所以她上学也晚了。在英语中

48、because是从属连词，so是并列连词，不能同时用，所以要去掉其中一个。考点：语法填空。第四部分 写作技能 （共两节，满分25分）第一节 双向翻译 （共5小题；每小题2分，09满分10分）请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语，并将答案转写到答题卡上。Man has been interested in robots for quite some time. Scientists are always inventing new and better robots, 61. which will play an important role in our future lives.

49、First, smarter robots will help us with the housework. They will take over jobs such as preparing meals, washing dishes, and sweeping the floor, so that 62. 他们会有更多的自由时间玩乐.Second, robots will help us with our work. 63. They can be asked to do all the heavy and dangerous work, and help out in hospital

50、s, schools and offices. Third, robots will be our friends. Whenever we feel sad, lonely or upset, 64. 我们可以和机器人聊天. Robots will not only be good listeners, but they will also offer us good advice.In conclusion, 65. robots will be more and more intelligent and will benefit us in many ways.【答案】 61.这将会对我

51、们未来的生活起重要的作用。62.They can have more free time to have fun.63.（我们）可以要他们做所有繁重而又危险的活。 64.We can have a chat with a robot.65.机器人将变得越来越聪明并且在很多方面使我们受益。【解析】试题分析： 翻译时注意语境和固定搭配。注意英语和汉语不同的语言运用的习惯。特别要注意复制句子的翻译。61.这将会对我们未来的生活起重要的作用。which代表前面的名词robots，引导非限制性定语从句。play an important role in 意思是：在某方面起作用。62.They can h

52、ave more free time to have fun. 有时间做某事：have time to do sth. ; 玩得开心：have fun。63.（我们）可以要他们做所有繁重而又危险的活。They can be asked to do根据上下文可以指：机器人被要求做某事。 64.We can have a chat with a robot. 和聊天：have a chat with。65.机器人将变得越来越聪明并且在很多方面使我们受益。more and more intelligent越来越聪明；benefit受益。考点：双向翻译。第二节 情景作文（共1小题，满分15分）66.

53、下面是某英文杂志栏目刊登的一位消费者受广告欺骗的一次购物经历，请你参照这篇短文和以下四副图片，给该英文杂志栏目写一篇关于你购买照相机的经历。注意：词数100左右，开头已写好，不计入字数；可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；参考词汇：冲洗develop，胶卷film。Be smart about advertisements!People cannot get away from advertisements which promise cheap goods and free gifts. Last week, I read an advertisement for a

54、sale. Seeing the attractive prices for the goods, I couldnt help driving to the supermarket. As the advertisement said, most of the things there were much cheaper than usual. In no time, I filled two baskets with ten bars of soap, two very nice-looking kitchen knives and so on. When my husband got h

55、ome and saw all the things I bought, he asked me to think about what I needed all these things for. There was already enough soap at home, and there were already two knives in the kitchen drawer. I think I should be smart about advertisements in future and not be tricked by them.【答案】One possible ver

56、sion : People cannot get away from advertisements which promise cheap goods and free gifts, nor can I. I had a very bad experience of buying a camera because of falling for advertisements.Last Wednesday, when I was walking in the street, I saw an advertisement in front of a shop saying that the came

57、ras were on sale for only 20 yuan each. Seeing the attractive prices, I couldnt help entering the shop to buy one and two rolls of films. I was so excited that I couldnt wait to invite my friends to take photos in the nearby park, where we had a good time and took lots of pictures. After that, I sen

58、t the films to a shop to be developed.Unfortunately, when I went to collect my photos this morning, I was surprised to be told that none of my photos came out. At that time I regretted getting a bargain for 20 yuan and I thought I should be smart about advertisements in future and not be tricked by

59、them.【解析】 试题分析：本篇书面表达要求根据所给的范文和图片提示信息来仿写一次购物经历。写作时注意以下几点：1、认真读图了解图片所描述得到经过，如相信广告，上当受骗买了不需要的东西；2、要注重书写格式，注重敬语和称谓的使用。本文应该用第一人称 3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态，本文应该用一般过去时； 4.注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。【亮点说明】本文结构紧凑，层次分明，开头点出问题。用了定语从句which promise cheap goods and free gifts和nor can I句式。 此外还有非谓语动词Seeing the attractive prices，couldnt help entering和so excited that短语。考点：考查看图类作文。 - 15 - 版权所有高考资源网