湖北省 襄阳市 2014届高考英语二轮阅读理解精品强化 (6) WORD版含答案.doc

1、AIdeas about polite behavior are different from one culture to another. Some societies, such as America and Australia, for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move houses quite often. As a result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, and they

2、 need to get to know people quickly. So its normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.On the other hand there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long-term relationships are more

3、important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example, will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.To Americans both Europeans and Asians

4、 seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, its no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you dont want to answer.Cross-cultural differences arent

5、 just a problem for travelers, but also for the flights that carry them. All flights want to provide the best service, but ideas about good service are different from place to place. This can be seen most clearly in the way that problems are dealt with.Some societies have universalist cultures. Thes

6、e societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. Particularist societies, on the other hand, also have rules, but they are less important than the societys unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular

7、person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.This difference can cause problems. A traveler from a particularist society, India, is checking in for a flight in Germany, a country which has a universalist culture. The Indian traveler has to

8、o much luggage, but he explains that he has been away from home for a long time and the suitcases are full of presents for his family. He expects that the check- in official will understand his problem and will change the rules for him. The check- in official explains that if he was allowed to have

9、too much luggage, it wouldnt be fair to the other passengers. But the traveler thinks this is unfair, because the other passengers dont have his problem.51. Often moving from one place to another makes people like Americans and Australians_.A. like traveling betterB. easy to communicate withC. diffi

10、cult to make real friendsD. have a long-term relationship with their neighbors52. People like Malaysians prefer to associate with those_.A. who will tell them everything of their ownB. who want to do business with themC. they know quite wellD. who are good at talking53. A person from a less mobile s

11、ociety will feel it _ when a stranger keeps talking to him or her, and asking him or her questions.A. boring B. friendlyC. normalD. rough54. Which of the following is true about “particularist societies”?A. There is no rule for people to obey.B. People obey the societys rules completely.C. No one ob

12、eys the societys rules though they have.D. The societys rules can be changed with different persons or situations.BPeople who are taking aspirin regularly to thin their blood and are about to undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (冠状动脉旁路搭桥术) are usually to stop the aspirin a week before the operati

13、on but they could be better off if they keep taking it.Taking aspirin up to the day coronary artery bypass grafting (移植) is performed seems to speed lung function recovery afterwards, without increasing the risk of bleeding significantly, according to a report from Israel.Release of a substance call

14、ed thromboxane (血栓素) is associated with lung injury after heart bypass grafting, Dr Rabin Gerrah at Assuta Medical Center in Tel Aviv and his colleagues explained in the medical journal Chest. Aspirin is believed to inhibit release of thromboxane, so Gerrahs group theorized that the administration o

15、f aspirin until the day of the surgery could improve outcomes.They therefore followed 14 patients who took 100 milligrams of aspirin daily until the day of the surgery and 18 who stopped taking aspirin at least 7 days before the surgery.Those who continued with their aspirin had significantly lower

16、thromboxane in fluid around the heart, better oxygen levels in their blood and spent less time on a ventilator(呼吸器) than the group who discontinued taking aspirin.On the other hand, the need for blood transfusions was no different between the groups, indicating that bleeding complications were no wo

17、rse with aspirin.The researchers had excluded patients who had suffered a heart attack and those with heart failure because patients like these have a higher level of thrombaxane. “They will probably benefit even more than its inhibition.”Based on their findings, Gerrahs team recommends that aspirin

18、 therapy(治疗) not be discontinued before coronary artery bypass surgery.55. From the passage we know that_.A. doctors usually get people who will have coronary artery bypass surgery to stop taking aspirin 7 days before the operationB. Aspirin is believed to increase release of thromboxanceC. taking a

19、spirin up to the day coronary artery bypass grafting is performed seems to slow lung function recovery afterwardsD. patients suffering a heart attack have a lower level of thromboxane56. The purpose of the passage is to introduce to us that _.A. aspirin can make for release of thromboxaneB. aspirin

20、is useful for patients suffering a heart attackC. different ways turn out to be the same resultD. aspirin may improve recovery after heart bypass57. According to Dr Rabin Gerrah, patients who will have heart bypass surgery should _.A. stop taking aspirin before the surgeryB. take aspirin as much as

21、they like until the day of the surgeryC. be allowed to take 100 milligrams of aspirin daily until the day of the surgeryD. take aspirin after the heart bypass operation58. What does the underlined word “inhibit” in paragraph 3 mean?A. to become larger or better than normalB. to make something happen

22、 more slowly than normalC. to cause to be nervous or embarrassedD. to improve something in poor condition【文章大意】这是一篇科普文章，研究的是阿司匹林对于手术病人的一些影响，经过临床病例研究发现，阿司匹林对于稀释血液、阻止血栓素的释放有很好的效果，所以医生建议手术之前不要停止正常的阿司匹林使用。55.【答案】A【解析】第一段中提到are usually to stop the aspirin a week before the operation可知答案A正确；B答案中increase错误

23、，第三段中aspirin is believed to inhibit release of 应该是阻止而不是增加；C中slow错误，文章第二段有seems to speed lung function recovery,所以应该是加速；D项文章没有提及。原文第五段提到those who continued withlower【考点定位】细节信息。来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K56. 【答案】DCIn Western countries people have been using the installment（分期付款）plan since the first half of the tw

24、entieth century. Today, a large number of families in Great Britain buy furniture, household goods and cars by installments. In the USA, the figure is much higher than in Great Britain, and people there spend over 10 percent of their income on the installment plan.The price of an article bought on i

25、nstallments is always higher than the price that would be paid by cash. There is a charge for interest. The buyer pays one quarter or one third of the price as a down payment when the goods are delivered to him. He then makes regular payments, weekly or monthly, until the full price is paid up. The

26、legal ownership of the goods remains with the seller until the final payment has been made.Installment buying has advantages and disadvantages. It can help couples with small incomes to furnish their homes and start housekeeping. It increases the demand for goods, and in this way helps business and

27、employment. There is, however, the danger that when business is bad, installment buying may end suddenly, making business much worse. This may result in a great increase in unemployment. If the people on the installment plan lose their jobs, they will probably not be able to make their payments. If

28、great numbers of people are not able to pay their installment debts there is a possibility that businessmen cannot collect their debts and will therefore lose money. If businessmen lose money or fail to make a satisfactory profit, it becomes more likely to have a depression. This is why, in some cou

29、ntries, the government controls the installment plan by fixing the amount of the down payment and installments to discourage people from buying more than they can pay for on the installment plan.59. Which of the following is NOT true about the installment plan?A. A lot of British families use the in

30、stallment plan.B. More than 10 percent American families buy things on installments.C. Americans depend more on installment than British people do.D. Americans spend one tenth of their income on installment buying.60. Goods bought on installments are more expensive than goods bought by cash because

31、.A. the buyer has to pay extra money as interestB. the delivery of the goods charges extra moneyC. the buyer has to pay a down paymentD. the service offered by installment plan charges extra money61. What will happen to a buyer if he fails to make the full payment for an item bought on installments?

32、A. He might lose his job. B. He will stop owning the item he has bought.C. He will have to sell what he has bought.D. He will go into debt.62. The advantage of installment buying might include all the following EXCEPT that .A. purchasing power is strengthenedB. employment might be increasedC. people

33、 develop a good habit of saving moneyD. young couples are able to furnish their homes【解析】第二段the legal ownership of the goods remains with the seller until the final payment has been made.由此可知，分期付款的尾款没有还清的前提下，你所购买的物品所有权还是属于商家，因此可知答案为B。A，C，D明显与题干无关，也不会出现类似情况，很容易就可以排除。【考点定位】细节信息。62. 【答案】C【解析】在文章第三段开始的几

34、句话中，我们可以找到A，B, D都是提及到的。而C选项说能够帮助人们养成省钱的好习惯，文章没有提到。从文章最后一句话，discourage people from buying more than they can pay for on the installment plan我们也可以推测到，如果人们对消费金额不加以控制，那么反而会导致入不敷出，所以C明显错误。【考点定位】细节信息。DFor most people, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the street or loading a cart in a shopping

35、mall. Soon, that will change. Electronic commerce (trade) is growing fast and will soon bring people more choices. There will, however, be a cost: protecting the consumer from being cheated will be harder. Many governments therefore want to apply street regulations to the electronic world. But polit

36、icians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation.Consumers in rich countries have grown used to the idea that the government takes responsibility for everything from the stability of the banks to the safety of the drugs or their rights to refund when good

37、s are faulty. But governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whose only presence is on the screen. Even in a country where a clear right to compensation exists, the on-line customer in Tokyo, say, can hardly go to New York to get a refund for a clothes purchase.来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_KOne answer

38、is for government to cooperate more: to recognize each others rules. But that requires years of work and volumes of detailed rules. And plenty of countries have rules too fanciful for sober countries to accept. There is, however, another choice. Let the electronic businesses do the regulation themse

39、lves. They do, after all, have a self-interest in doing so.In electronic commerce, a reputation for honest dealing will be a valuable competitive asset. Governments, too, may compete to be trusted. For instance, customers ordering medicines on- line may prefer to buy from the United States because t

40、hey trust the rigorous screening of the Food and Drug Administration; or they may decide that the FDAs rules are too strict, and buy from Switzerland instead.Customers will still need to use their judgment. But precisely because the technology is new, electronic shoppers are likely for a while to be

41、 a lot more cautious than customers of the normal sort. And the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain when a company lets them down. In this way, at least, the advent(出现) of cyberspace may argue for fewer consumer protection laws, not more.63. In case an electronic shopper bou

42、ght faulty goods from a foreign country, what could he do?A. Refuse to pay for the purchase.B. Go to the seller and ask for a refund. C. Appeal to consumer protection law.D. Complain about it on the Internet.64. In the authors view, businesses would place a high emphasis on honest dealing because in

43、 the electronic world .A. international cooperation would be much more frequentB. consumers could easily seek government protectionC. a good reputation is a great advantage in competitionD. it would be easy for consumers to complain65. We can infer from the passage that in licensing new drugs the FD

44、A in the United States is .A. very quick B. very cautious C. very slow D. rather careless66. According to the author, what will be the best policy for electronic commerce?A. Self-regulation by the business.B. Strict Consumer protection laws.C. Close international cooperation.D. Government protection

45、.【文章大意】随着电子商务的发展，网上购物逐渐走入了人们的生活，给人们带来方便的同时，也引发了许多问题，比如如何保护网购的消费者的权益，使他们远离上当受骗，文章提出了一些可行性的解决方法。来源:学科网ZXXK63. 【答案】D【解析】最后一段中说到make it easier for them to complain when a company lets them down,从此我们可以推知最佳答案为D。A答案，结合常识我们知道网购是要先行付款，你得到货物，也必须要付款；B项在文中提到，第二段中最后一句， can hardly go to New York to get a refund由此

46、我们可知退款不太可能；C项文章没有提到。【考点定位】细节信息和推理。64. 【答案】C【解析】从第四段第一句话a reputation.will be a valuable competitive asset可知，C正确。【考点定位】细节信息。65. 【答案】B【解析】第四段中提到or they may decide that the FDAs rules are too strict. 我们由strict可以推知答案为B。【考点定位】细节信息。66. 【答案】A【解析】文章第三段有let the electronic businesses do the regulation themselv

47、es一句，再结合文章中提到的几项措施。例如第二段提到but governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whose only,另外第一段也说到politicians would be wiserself-regulation,可知B和D不对。C答案文章根本没有提及。【考点定位】细节信息和文章大意。ESome experts feel that cars are certain to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all ca

48、rs will be deserted and made useless. Other experts however think the car is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of city travel in the foreseeable future.The car will undoubtedly change greatly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller， safer and more practical an

49、d should not be powered by the gas engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Unless changes take place in the power system, the car in the future will still be the main problem in city traffic jams. One suggested solution to this essential problem is the auto

50、mated(自动的) system which seems to hold water. When the car enters the highway system, a small arm will drop from the car and connect with a rail which is similar to hose(橡皮软管，水龙带) powering subway trains electrically. Once joined to the rail, the car will become electrically powered form the system an

51、d control of the car will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the cars movements.The driver will use the telephone to dial instructions about his position and the place he heads for into the system. The computer will find the best way and reserve space for the car all t

52、he way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will be free to relax and wait for the call that will warn him of his coming exit. It is believed that an automated highway will be able to deal with 10,000 cars per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 cars that can be carried by a present-d

53、ay highway.67. What is the main concern of the author of the passage? A. How to make cars pollution-free.B. How to make cars smaller and safer.C. How to solve the problem of traffic jam.D. How to develop an automated subway system.68. We can infer from this passage that .A. the car connected to the

54、rail on the highway will be powered by electricity.B. people are trying to find new means to power automobiles.C. the driver under the system will be told where to get out of the highway.D. the future car will become larger, faster, prettier and less expensive.69. What provides cars with electric po

55、wer in an automated highway system?A. An engineB. A railC. A computer controllerD. A small arm70. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The driver puts his information in the system by e-mail.B. The new system can deal with 10 times as many cars as the present one.C.

56、After entering the automated system the driver needs to do nothing but relax himself.D. Some experts are not confident of the cars future while the author is in favor of the opposite view【解析】最后一段中有“a rail which is similar to hoseelectrically”，所以答案为B。【考点定位】细节信息。70. 【答案】D【解析】最后一段中“use the telephone”可知A答案中email错误，由倒数第二句“10.000 cars per hour, compared with the 1.500 to 2.000”可知B中10 times错误; C答案中do nothing but relax错误，结合最后一段第三行，to relax and wait for，可知除了relax还要做别的事情。【考点定位】细节信息。