江苏省苏州市西安交通大学附属中学2021-2022学年高二第一次月考（10月）英语试卷 WORD版含解析.doc

1、江苏省苏州市西安交通大学附属中学2021-2022学年高二第一次月考（10月）英语试卷第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How did the woman feel when she was called by the head?A. She was pleased B. She was relaxed C. She was nervous2.

2、 What is the woman doing?A: Offering help B. Asking for help C. Asking for permission3. Where does this conversation take place?A. In a bookstore B. Ina library C. In the post office4. How much does the man have to pay?A. 20 dollars B. 30 dollars C. 40 dollars. 5. What did the woman do?A. She forgot

3、 to do as told toB. She corrected the figures in the front pageC. She wrote the correct part in another page第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What happened to the ma yesterd

4、ay?A. He was locked in B. He was locked out C. He was tricked7. What does the woman think of the mans experience?7 A. Annoying B. Funny C. Impossible听第7段对话，回答第8至10题。8. Where will the two speakers go for the weekend?A. Scotland B. The countryside C. London9. When will they set off?A. Saturday morning

5、 B. Saturday afternoon C. Sunday morning10. How will they go to their destination?A. By bike B. By train C. By bus听第8段对话，回答第11至13题。11. What does the woman usually have for breakfast at home?A. Some toast B. A boiled egg C. A cup of milk12. What does the woman think of the man?A. Lazy B. Considerate

6、C. Interesting. 13. What will the woman do next?A. Eat something B. Have shower C. Do some cleaning听第9段对话，回答第14至16题。14. How long will Lisa stay in Japan?A. A month B. Half a year C. A year15. What do we know about Lisa?A She is good at language learningB. She is unhappy about the programC. She decid

7、ed to learn Japanese on her own16. What does Lisa think is the most important for one to study abroad?A. The knowledge of a foreign languageB. The ability to get used to a new environment quicklyC. The experience of living in a country with different cultures听第10段独白，回答第17至20题。17. What kind of gifts

8、is the woman talking about?A. Thanksgiving Day gifts B. Birthday gifts C. Christmas gifts18. How many grandchildren does the woman have?A. Four B. Seven C. Eleven19. Where did the womans granddaughter put her gift?A. In a bag B. In a box C. In an envelope20. What impressed the woman most about the g

9、ift?A. That her granddaughter used French to express herselfB. That her granddaughter showed great love with simple wordsC. That her granddaughter bought the gift with all her money. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhen it comes to purchasing your first

10、bike, the choice is endless, making it tough to know what to go for. Here are the best buys on the market right now. 1. Boardman CX CompThis is a cross-country bike, and its so multifunctional that you can handle any terrain (地势) on it, making it a great choice for those wanting to try various cycli

11、ng subjects. If you leave op the thick tires it comes wit, it can ride on various paths and can even handle some less demanding mountain bike routes. Alternatively, put on thin, smooth tires and treat it as a road bike. It has a basket and comes with Shimano Sora gears (变速器), which are outstanding f

12、or its price. 650, Halfords2. Planet X RT-58 v2Planet X is based in Yorkshire, which means youd probably have to buy this bike without seeing it. But its worth it , because this is an excellent machine at a lower price. Planet X is a highly rated manufacture and this model comes with Shimano Sora ge

13、aring. 439. Planet X3. Specialized Allez ESSpecialized is one of the biggest and most popular brands in cycling, and this is its hugely popular primary road bike. It comes with solid components (零部件) from front to back and youll look great out on the road. 575. Evans Cycles4. Boardman Road Team Carb

14、onIf you can push your budget further still, this bike is worth the extra investment. The frame is made entirely from carbon, which is lighter, faster and more comfortable than the composition metal models above and gives you an all-round and more enjoyable ride. It also means that if you get really

15、 serious about cycling, you dont have to upgrade as quickly as you would with a cheaper bike. 800, Halfords1. What is strength about Boardman CX Comp?A. Its outstanding Sora gearsB. Its various functionsC. Its reasonable priceD. Its firm tires2. Which one has the lowest price but with Shimano Sora g

16、ears?A. Planet X RT-58 v2B. Specialized Allez E5C. Boardman CX CompD. Boardman Road Team Carbon3. What can we learn about the bikes mentioned in the text?A. Planet X RT-58 v2 has been sold out so farB. Boardman CX Comp is actually a mountain bikeC. Specialized Allez ES is designed for senior cyclist

17、sD. Boardman Road Tram Carbon is made by special materials【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文中介绍了四款自行车的性能、特色及价格。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Boardman CX Comp部分“This is a cross country bike, and its so multifunctional that you can handle any terrain (地势) on it, making it a great choice for those wanting to try var

18、ious cycling subjects. (这是一辆越野自行车，它是如此多功能，你可以处理任何地形，并且使它成为一个伟大的选择，想要尝试各种自行车主题)”可知，Boardman CX Comp是多功能的自行车，可以在任何路况下骑行，即它的特别之处就是它的多功能。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Boardman CX Comp部分“It has a basket and comes with Shimano Sora gears (它配有一个篮子和Shimano变速器)”和“ 650, Halfords”；Planet X RT-58 v2部分“Planet X is a highly

19、 rated manufacture and this model comes with Shimano Sora gearing.(Planet X是一个深得好评的制造商，这款带有Shimano Sora变速器)”和“ 439. Planet X”可知，带有Shimano Sora变速器的只有Boardman CX Comp和Planet X RT-58 v2这两款车，且Planet X RT-58 v2更便宜 ，只需要439英镑 。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Boardman Road Team Carbon部分“The frame is made entirely from c

20、arbon, which is lighter, faster and more comfortable than the composition metal models above and gives you an all-round and more enjoyable ride. (车架完全由碳素制成，比上面的合成金属车型更轻、更快、更舒适，给你一个全方位、更舒适的乘坐体验)”可知，这款车的框架是用炭做成的，比上文中的另三款车更轻更快更舒适。由此推知，这款车是用特殊材料做成的。故选D项。BJust two days into the 2020 Atlantic hurricane se

21、ason, Tropical Storm Cristobal was stirring up in the Gulf of Mexico. It was the third Atlantic storm powerful enough to get a name this season; no other year on record has seen three named Atlantic storms so early. On average, the third storm forms around August 13, according to Accu Weather Storms

22、 like Cristobal are increasingly likely to become major hurricanes The chance of any tropical cyclone (气旋) becoming a major hurricane is increasing as human activity warms the globe. A study from researchers at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the University of Wisconsi

23、n-Madison found that each new decade over the last 40 years has brought an 8 percent increase in the chance that a storm turns into a major hurricane. “We have a significantly building body of evidence that these storms have already changed in very substantial (大量的) ways, and all of them are dangero

24、us, ” said James Kossin, an atmospheric scientist a NOAA and the studys lead author. The findings, published in May, were based on 40 years of satellite data. Hurricanes are getting stronger and wetter because climate change is causing ocean and air temperatures to climb - 2019 was the second-hottes

25、t year on record, and it closed the hottest decade eve recorded Hurricanes feed on warm water. Whats more, higher water temperatures lead to sea. level rise, which increases the risk of flooding during high tides and storms surges. Warmer air also holds more atmospheric waster vapour, which enables

26、tropical storms to strengthen and release more water. “Almost all of the damage and death caused by hurricanes is done by major hurricanes, ” Kossin told CNN, “Increasing the likelihood of haying major hurricane will certainly increase this risk.”4. What can we infer from paragraph 2?A. Cristobal is

27、 the earliest Atlantic storm this yearB. A storm can be named only if it reaches a certain speedC. August is the average month to see the hurricane season beginD. Human activities play a vital part in turning a tropical cyclone into a hurricane5. Which of the following may cause the hurricanes to be

28、come more powerful?A. Warm waterB. Sea - level riseC. Water vapourD. Flooding6. What do Kossins words convey?A. His wishB. His concernC. HisD. His delight7. What is the text mainly about?A. Whether satellites help forecast hurricanesB. Human activities contribute to the global warmingC. Hurricanes c

29、ome earlier and more strongly this yearD. Major hurricanes have caused severe damage and deaths this year【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了今年的飓风来得更早更猛烈。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“It was the third Atlantic storm powerful enough to get a name this season; no other year on record has seen three na

30、med Atlantic storms so early.(这是第三次大西洋风暴，强度足以在这个季节得名；没有其它任何一年有记录以来如此早地出现三次命名的大西洋风暴)”可知，风暴只有达到一定的速度才能被命名。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Whats more, higher water temperatures lead to sea. level rise, which increases the risk of flooding during high tides and storms surges. Warmer air also holds more atmospheri

31、c waster vapour, which enables tropical storms to strengthen and release more water. (而且，较高的水温会导致海平面上升，这就增加了在大潮和风暴潮期间发生洪水的风险。更温暖的空气还保存了更多的大气水蒸气，这使得热带风暴能够加强并释放更多的水)”可知，温水可能导致飓风变得更强大。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Almost all of the damage and death caused by hurricanes is done by major hurricanes, ” Kossin to

32、ld CNN, “Increasing the likelihood of haying major hurricane will certainly increase this risk. (几乎所有飓风造成的破坏和死亡都是由打飓风造成的，Kossin告诉CNN。增加发生打飓风的可能性肯定会增加这种风险)”可知，Kossin的话传达了他的担心。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文以及第二段“It was the third Atlantic storm powerful enough to get a name this season; no other year on record h

33、as seen three named Atlantic storms so early. On average, the third storm forms around August 13, according to Accu Weather (这是第三次大西洋风暴，强度足以在这个季节得名；没有其它任何一年有记录以来如此早地出现三次命名的大西洋风暴。根据Accu Weather提供的数据，第三次风暴平均在8月13日左右形成)”可知，本文主要讲述了今年的飓风来得更早更猛烈。故选C。CIt is practically inevitable: sometime around the age o

34、f 40 people start to need reading glasses. Try as they might, theres no avoiding it. One mobile app creator claims that practicing with their technology can train your eyes to see better.though some eye doctors are not sure.The reason why many people eventually need reading glasses is that the lens

35、(晶状体) of the eye loses flexibility with age, and has trouble focusing on nearby objects. The condition is called presbyopia (老花眼), which is just a natural side effect of aging.The first app claiming to work out the solution is called GlassesOff. First you take a test given by the app, and then follo

36、w its customized training course. Three days a week, for 12-15 minutes, youll go through a series of visual exercises, such as recognizing small gray letters on a gray screen. After two or three months, it claims that you can kiss your reading glasses goodbye.“We wanted to develop an application tha

37、t can help people improve their reading ability by improving the way that the brain processes information.” says GlassesOff CEO Nimrod Madar. Until recently it wasnt possible because scientists did not understand how the image processing capability of the brain actually works. “GlassesOff comes up w

38、ith the idea of neuroplasticity (神经可塑性). Studies have shown that through training new connections can be made in the brain So that it can continue adapting to the world around us. In terms of vision, this means that through training, the brain may be able to form new connections that allow it to cle

39、arly process text even when the text is blurred by aging eyes.In a 30-person study published in Scientific Reports in February, some participants were able to read letters 1.6 times smaller after using the app. Adults aged 40 to 60 years old had the most success. The study also found that the users

40、eye health improved by an average of 8.6 years.Sounds too good to be true? Well it probably is. “Human vision quality is determined by the physical eye and the way he brain reads the information that the eye captures,” says Rhee, a doctor from Harvard University. “To think that we can reverse (逆转) p

41、resbyopia only by neuroplasticity is just not accurate.” It might not make a huge difference in terms of fighting presbyopia, but brain training could make a difference for younger people whose eyes are still more flexible.8. Which of the following is NOT true about presbyopia?A. It is actually a na

42、tural phenomenon of aging of human eyes.B. People tend to suffer form it when they reach the age of 40.C. It can be prevented by means of proper eye muscle exercising.D. It occurs when eyes fail to focus on nearby objects well.9. GlassesOff may improve peoples reading ability by_.A. helping people s

43、tay away from presbyopiaB. reducing the negative effects of aging on eyesC. making the text that people read larger than normalD. training the brain to process visual information better10. The fourth paragraph mainly tell us_.A. the principle on which GlassesOff worksB. why researchers came up with

44、GlassesoffC. how training makes new connections in our brainD. now our brain processes the information that our eyes take in11. What is Rhees attitude towards GlassesOff?A. Optimistic.B. Negative.C. Doubtful.D. Unconcerned.【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了GlassesOff，一款App是怎样通过改善大脑处理信

45、息的方式来帮助人们提高阅读能力的。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句It is practically inevitable: sometime around the age of 40 people start to need reading glasses.(这几乎是不可避免的：大约在40岁左右，人们开始需要老花镜)和第二段The reason why many people eventually need reading glasses is that the lens (晶状体) of the eye loses flexibility with age, and has t

46、rouble focusing on nearby objects. The condition is called presbyopia (老花眼), which is just a natural side effect of aging.(许多人最终需要老花镜的原因是，随着年龄的增长，眼睛的晶状体失去了灵活性，并且难以聚焦于附近的物体。这种情况被称为老花眼，这只是衰老的自然副作用)可以判断ABD都是正确的，而C说可以通过适当的眼部肌肉锻炼来阻止老花眼，这是错误的，因为老花眼随着年龄的增长是不可避免的，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“We wanted to develo

47、p an application that can help people improve their reading ability by improving the way that the brain processes information.” says GlassesOff CEO Nimrod Madar.(“我们想开发一款应用程序，通过改善大脑处理信息的方式来帮助人们提高阅读能力。”GlassesOff首席执行官尼姆罗德马达尔说)可知，GlassesOff通过训练大脑更好地处理视觉信息来改善人们的阅读能力。故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。本段的主题句“We wanted to

48、 develop an application that can help people improve their reading ability by improving the way that the brain processes information.” says GlassesOff CEO Nimrod Madar. (“我们想开发一款应用程序，通过改善大脑处理信息的方式来帮助人们提高阅读能力。”GlassesOff首席执行官尼姆罗德马达尔说)可知，本段就是在介绍GlassesOff这款App的工作原理。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Sounds too go

49、od to be true? Well, it probably is. “Human vision quality is determined by the physical eye and the way he brain reads the information that the eye captures,” says Rhee, a doctor from Harvard University. “To think that we can reverse (逆转) presbyopia only by neuroplasticity is just not accurate.”可知，

50、听起来好得令人难以置信?嗯，它可能是。哈佛大学的博士Rhee说：“人类的视觉质量是由肉眼和大脑读取眼睛捕捉到的信息的方式决定的。”“认为仅仅通过神经可塑性就可以逆转老花眼是不准确的。”由此可知，看出Rhee对这款App持有怀疑的态度。故选C。【点睛】一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题1题干中的presbyopia，定位回原文，可以帮助快速找出答案。根据文章第一段第一句It is practically inevitable: sometime around th

51、e age of 40 people start to need reading glasses.(这几乎是不可避免的：大约在40岁左右，人们开始需要老花镜)和第二段The reason why many people eventually need reading glasses is that the lens (晶状体) of the eye loses flexibility with age, and has trouble focusing on nearby objects. The condition is called presbyopia (老花眼), which is j

52、ust a natural side effect of aging.(许多人最终需要老花镜的原因是，随着年龄的增长，眼睛的晶状体失去了灵活性，并且难以聚焦于附近的物体。这种情况被称为老花眼，这只是衰老的自然副作用)可以判断ABD都是正确的，而C说可以通过适当的眼部肌肉锻炼来阻止老花眼，这是错误的，因为老花眼随着年龄的增长是不可避免的，故选C。DQueen RiderBonnie Wyndham got out of her mothers car and looked at Almonside School. “Ill make you sorry Ive come here,” she t

53、old her, pleasantly. Her mother was getting out of the other door at the time so she didnt hear, but Bonnie wouldnt have cared if she had. Her mother knew her feelings. Mrs. Wyndham looked about her. Almonside was a funny school, all bits and pieces, buildings hidden away amongst the trees on a wood

54、ed hillside; very confusing at first sight. Then she saw the signs on a post: science block, gymnasium, riding centre .“Riding centre,” said Bonnie, showing a sudden interest. “Headmasters study,” said her mother. “This way.”Bonnie followed her mother along a broad drive that curved between trees.“I

55、 wish youd walk beside me instead of following me like a dog,” said Mrs. Wyndham wearily, but she didnt seem to expect Bonnie to do so.A few minutes later, her mother was talking to Bonnies new headmaster in his study, while Bonnie herself sat and waited outside the door. Suddenly, Bonnie jumped up.

56、 “Why should I just it here?” she said to herself. “Ill be thrown out before very long, anyway,” she said mentally to the door, “so why not get it over and done with?” She left the building and headed for the riding centre in the direction indicated by the sign.There was a nice old building where th

57、e horses were kept, and a large structure for indoor riding. Bonnie looked about her, but there was no one in sight. There was a certain reverence about her manner as she approached the animals. Bonnie treated horses with respect. The horses were very well looked after, she could tell that at once.A

58、lmost every stall was occupied, and she wandered along looking carefully at each horse and judging it. “They know what theyre doing here,” she told a small pony as she ran a finger along its nose. It was the next horse that pulled her up short. “But arent you the best of the lot!” she said. He was b

59、rown with a touch of white. Lively, probably, but Bonnie liked that. “You know, I have the feeling weve met before,” said Bonnie, stroking his neck.“It was in my dreams and I was riding you to victory in some big competition.” Over the stall was his name: Maverick.Suddenly, she couldnt resist the te

60、mptation to ride the horse. “I wonder where I can find a bridle for your head, and a saddle for your back. Cant be far away.” The room containing all the riding equipment was - Bonnie was delighted to discover - unlocked. Absorbed in the pleasurable task of putting a saddle on Mavericks back, she fo

61、rgot all about her mother and the headmaster. When she sat up high on the big horse outside the building, she felt like a queen, mistress of all she could see. Her nickname at her previous school had been Queen Bee, and she laughed delightedly as she remembered it. You re the best horse Ive ever sat

62、 on, Maverick, she said admiringly, “and when I say that Im not kidding, I can assure you, because I know about horses, even if I don t know about anything else.”She nudged him into a walk, then into a trot. “If I stay here, I think you and I could be great friends,” she confided. She went round and

63、 round the paddock. The rhythm was exhilarating, a little breeze whipping smartly past her cheek and making it glow. She could tell Maverick trusted her, and she felt certain that hed jump well.12. What do we learn about Bonnies mother in the first paragraph?A. She was used to being obeyed by Bonnie

64、.B. She had a favorable first impression of the school.C. She had difficulty finding her way around new places.D. She was aware of Bonnies attitude to her new school.13. How did Bonnie feel when she was looking at the horses?A. excited to recognize a horse she already knewB. impressed by the high st

65、andards at the riding centreC. anxious to make sure that the horses would like herD. nervous about being seen with the horses14. What does the underlined phrase “pulled her up short” mean in the passage?A. made her stop in surpriseB. made her a bit frightenedC. made her feel sorryD. made her change

66、her mind15. What do we learn about Bonnie by the end of the text?A. She is looking forward to taking up an exciting hobby.B. She is concerned about making new friends.C. She is beginning to feel more positive about the school.D. She is disappointed about having so little time with the horses.【答案】12.

67、 D 13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了邦尼和她母亲去到新学校中，她被新学校马场里的一匹马吸引了，以及她和马在围场里转了一圈又一圈的故事。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Ill make you sorry Ive come here,” she told her, pleasantly. Her mother was getting out of the other door at the time so she didnt hear, but Bonnie wouldnt have cared if she had. Her mothe

68、r knew her feelings. “我到这儿来，我会让你后悔的，”她愉快地对她说。她母亲当时正从另一扇门出去，所以她没有听见，但即使听见了邦妮也不在意。可知邦尼母亲知道邦尼对新学校的态度，故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中There was a nice old building where the horses were kept, and a large structure for indoor riding.和There was a certain reverence about her manner as she approached the animals. B

69、onnie treated horses with respect. The horses were very well looked after, she could tell that at once.可知，邦尼从大房子和马被照顾得很好中知道，这是高标准的马场，故选B项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第七段It was the next horse that pulled her up short. “But arent you the best of the lot!” she said. He was brown with a touch of white. Lively, proba

70、bly, but Bonnie liked that. “You know, I have the feeling weve met before,” said Bonnie, stroking his neck. 下一匹马突然把她拉了回来。“但你不是这群马中最好的吗？”她说。他是棕色中带点白色。也许是活泼的，但邦妮喜欢这样。“你知道，我有一种我们以前见过面的感觉，”邦妮摸着他的脖子说。可知，邦尼看了那么多马，这匹马使得她评论了那么多并且说她喜欢这匹马，可知这匹马引起了她的注意，使得她惊喜，故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If I stay here, I think yo

71、u and I could be great friends,” she confided. “如果我留在这里，我想你和我可以成为很好的朋友，”她倾诉道。可知，邦尼喜爱这匹马，因此她对新学校的态度应该是有留下来的意愿的了，故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题15分，满分12. 5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两个为多余选项。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die with

72、in a month. _16_One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. _17_ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sle

73、ep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. _18_Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. _19_The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller

74、than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Thei

75、r research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. _20_ “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. Its as

76、 if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. “S

77、leep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G. Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了人和动物为什么需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。【16题详解】根据前一句When lab rats are not allowed to

78、 sleep,they die within a month.当实验室的老鼠不允许睡觉时，一个月他们就死了，因此推断C项“同样，人几天不睡觉，也会生病”，人和动物对应起来，死和生病形成对应，故选C。【17题详解】前一句提到的睡觉有助于帮助我们加强新的记忆，因此推断学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉，他们在考试中就会表现得更好，前后逻辑关系很顺畅，因果联系，故选E。【18题详解】该空为段尾句，是对该段前面内容的总结，同时，结合第四段第一句话中的代词he可以知道，该空中必然包含一个人名，否则he就失去了所指对象，选项中包含人名的选项有F和G，但只有F选项能与第三段的内容衔接也就是说，睡眠会帮助清除

79、一部分记忆，为新记忆腾出空间，按照研究人员Tononi的话说，睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价。故选F。【19题详解】根据下文中提到关键词synapses in the mice以及整个句子可知，他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验，G项有关键词synapses，mice，都与他的实验有关，故选G。【20题详解】该空为尾段的倒数第二句话，应该与其前后的句子意义连贯该空前面一句里出现了protect、stay，而该空后面一句出现了keep、matter，正好与选项B里的preserve和important呼应也就是说，重要的记忆会被保留下来。前后逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分）第一节

80、（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same school he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable. When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine (信条)

81、and anything he did I, _21_, copied. We played games together, and stayed up late reading bedtime stories. I could _22_ my dad taking me to school, running into him regularly during the day and riding home with him every afternoon. As I grew older, we were not as _23_ as we used to be. He wasnt cool

82、 any more. He wore his socks too high, listened to horrible country music and laughed too loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment. However, the _24_ that occurred in school were even worse. The worst one happened in seventh grade. My dad came to our New Year party, dressed up

83、as Donald Duck, guitar in hand, singing silly songs. Just kill me! I wanted to run away. This _25_ continued into high school but we somehow began to find a balance. Things started to _26_ around the time of my 10th-grade physics project. The _27_ was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to

84、-weight ratio (比率). All the students and physics teachers _28_ . So did my dad, the only administrator! Embarrassed as usual, I _29_ the scene. However, later when I learned from my friends that my dad _30_ all competitors and won everyones admiration. I found that mixed in with my _31_ was a touch

85、of pride. I had needed someone else to show me what I _32_ in my dad. It wasnt the fact that hed won, it was more than that. I began to _33_ that we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions. No matter how much I had tried to _34_ him; be still influenced me. I feel fortunate to h

86、ave such an unusual father. The _35_ I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how Ive grown.21. A. temporarilyB. naturallyC. originallyD. passively22. A. apply toB. count onC. see offD. pick out23. A. closeB. reliableC. generousD. confident24. A. failuresB. coi

87、ncidencesC. competitionsD. disasters25 A. debateB. partyC. progressD. struggle26. A. happenB. changeC. growD. appear27. A. issueB. taskC. lessonD. procedure28. A. participatedB. protestedC. hesitatedD. explored29. A. fledB. investigatedC. picturedD. made30. A. convincedB. defeatedC. ignoredD. evalua

88、ted31. A. confusionB. encouragementC. embarrassmentD. fascination32. A. recommendedB. toleratedC. doubtedD. appreciated33. A. recognizeB. demandC. argueD. estimate34. A. approachB. limitC. resistD. believe35. A. strategyB. habitC. relationshipD. potential【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. B

89、 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和爸爸在同一所学校，作者小时候崇拜爸爸，后来长大后感到爸爸的举止让自己尴尬，再后来是抗拒爸爸，但一件事让作者意识到有这样的爸爸是幸运的，与爸爸的关系使作者能够回顾自己的成长历程。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我还小的时候，我爸爸说的都是信条，他做的任何事我都自然地照搬。A. temporarily暂时地；B. naturally自然地；C. originally原始地；D. passively被动地。根据“all that my dad sa

90、id was doctrine”可知作者认为爸爸说的对，自然会听爸爸的话，学他做事。故选B。22题详解】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：我可以依靠他带我去上学。A. apply to申请；B. count on依靠；C. see off送行；D. pick out挑出。根据上文“my dad and I have attended the same school”可知，作者可以依靠爸爸带自己去上学。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我长大，我们不再那么亲密无间。A. close亲近；B. reliable可靠的，值得信赖的；C. generous大方的；D. confident自

91、信的。根据下一句“He wasnt cool any more”他不再那么酷。表明作者不再认为爸爸是心目中的样子，自然也就起隔阂了，没有那么亲密无间的了。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，学校里发生的灾难甚至更严重。A. failures失败；B. coincidences巧合；C. competitions竞争；D. disasters灾难。根据“the worst one happened in seventh grade.”可知，学校里发生的是更严重的灾难。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种挣扎一直持续到高中，但我们不管怎么说开始寻求一种平衡。A. de

92、bate争论；B. party党派；C. progress进步；D. struggle斗争，挣扎。根据上文“He became a total embarrassment.”和“Just kill me! I wanted to run away.”可知，作者一直瞧不起父亲，想要逃避，内心充满挣扎，直到高中。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我十年级一次物理专题研究上，事情开始发生了变化。A. happen发生；B. change改变；C. grow生长；D. disappear消失。根据下文“I found that mixed in with my 11 was a touc

93、h of pride. ”可知，在十年级物理专题研究项目后，作者对父亲的情感发生了变化(change)，开始为他感到自豪。故选B。27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：任务是建造一座强度重量比最佳的木桥。A. issue话题；B. task任务；C. lesson教训；D. procedure程序，步骤。根据句中“to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio (比率)”可知，这一个按要求建桥的任务。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的同学和物理老师都参与进来了。A. participated参加；B.

94、protested辩护，抗争；C. hesitated犹豫不决；D. explored探索。根据 “So did my dad, the only administrator！”可知，父亲与“All the students and physics teachers”一样，大家都参与了比赛。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样我逃离了现场。A. fled逃跑；B. investigated调查；C. pictured画画；D. made制造。根据上文“I wanted to run away. ”可知，跟以前一样，作者因感到尴尬，这次又逃离了现场。故选A。【30题详解】考查

95、动词词义辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里了解到我父亲击败所有的参赛者，赢得了每个人的赞叹。A. convinced令人信服；B. defeated击败；C. ignore忽略，忽视；D. evaluated评估，估计。根据“won everyones admiration”可知爸爸击败了所有的竞争者。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现我的尴尬中混合了一丝自豪。A. confusion混乱；B. encouragement鼓励；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. fascination迷人，吸引人。根据上文“Embarrassed as usual, I 9 the

96、 scene.”可知，作者发现父亲参赛感到尴尬，但现在，父亲击败了所有的竞争者，作者又有了一丝的自豪。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要别人让我认识到我欣赏父亲什么。A. recommended推荐；B. tolerated忍受，忍耐；C. doubted怀疑；D. appreciated欣赏，感激。根据上文可知，是朋友告诉作者他父亲击败了所有的竞争者，让作者始欣赏父亲，所以作者需要别人让他认识到欣赏父亲什么。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到我们有很多相同的价值观，而且有时候有很多相同的观点。A. recognize意识到、承认；B. demand需

97、求；C. argue争论；D. estimate估计。根据“we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions.”可知，作者对父亲的看法发生了变化，开始意识到他们有很多相同的地方。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我怎么抵触他，他仍然在影响着我。A. approach接近；B. limit限制；C. resist抵抗，拒绝；D. believe相信。上文“Just kill me! I wanted to run away. ”和“I fled the scene. ”都表明作者抗拒父亲，一直是嫌弃他父

98、亲的行为的，所以在心理上是抵制他的。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这么多年我和我父亲的关系使得我能回首看自己的成长经历。A. strategy方法，策略；B. habit习惯；C. relationship关系；D. potential潜力。根据“.I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how Ive grown.”可知，作者讲的是他与父亲多年来形成的关系对他的影响，让他能回首过去，看自己的成长过程。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下

99、面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Earth Day _36_ (found) in 1970 as a day for education about environmental problems, and Earth Day 2020 occurs on Wednesday, April 22- the holidays 50 anniversary. The holiday is now a global celebration thats sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of _37_

100、(event) focused on green living. _38_ (elect) to the U. S. Senate (参议院) in 1962, Senator Gaylord Nelson was determined to convince the federal government that the planet was _39_ risk In 1969, Nelson developed the idea for Earth Day after _40_ (inspire) by the anti-Vietnam War “teach - ins” that wer

101、e taking place on college campuses around the United States. Denis Hayes, a young activist _41_had served as student president at Stanford University, was selected as Earth Days national coordinator (协调者), and he worked with _42_ army of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelsons Sena

102、te office _43_ (organize) the projectThe first Earth Day was effective at raising _44_ (aware) about environmental problems and transforming public attitudes. Earth Day kicked of the “Environmental decade with a bang.” as Senator Nelson later put it. The theme of Earth Day 2020 is “climate action”.

103、Earth Day Org. hopes it will be the _45_ (large) volunteer event in history.【答案】36. was founded 37. events 38. Elected 39. at 40. being inspired 41. who#that 42. an 43. to organize 44. awareness 45. largest【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了地球日产生的过程和地球日的作用，它有效地提高了人们对环境问题的认识，改变了公众的态度。【36题详解】考查被动语态。句意:地球日成立于1970年

104、,是一个关于环境问题的教育日。本句的主语Earth Day与谓语动词found之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态，因为是1970年，所以用一般过去时态的被动语态。故填was founded。【37题详解】考查名词。句意:整整七天的活动都集中在绿色生活上。event是可数名词“活动,事件”，七天的活动应该用复数形式。故填events。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:参议员盖洛德纳尔逊1962年当选美国参议院议员。句中有谓语动词，所以空处需要非谓语动词。句子的主语Senator Gaylord Nelson与动词 elect之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词做状语。故填Elected。【39题详解】考

105、查固定短语。句意:地球正处于危险之中。 at risk是固定短语“在危险中”。故填at。【40题详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意:纳尔逊在美国各地大学校园里进行的反越战“教学”的启发下,提出了“地球日”的构想。 after后跟动名词作宾语，纳尔逊与动词 inspire之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式。故填being inspired。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意:曾在斯坦福大学担任学生会主席的年轻活动家丹尼斯海耶斯被选为地球日的国家协调员。young activist为先行词，在定语从句中做主语，所以用who或者that引导。故填who/that。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意:他与一群学

106、生志愿者和纳尔逊参议院办公室的几名工作人员一起组织起这个项目。固定短语，an army of “一群”。故填an。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他与一群学生志愿者和纳尔逊参议院办公室的几名工作人员一起组织起这个项目。句中已有谓语动词，所以空处需要非谓语，在句中做目的状语，所以用动词不定式表目的。故填to organize。【44题详解】考查名词。句意:第一个地球日有效地提高了人们对环境问题的认识。 awareness是抽象名词“认识”。分析句子结构可知，空处需要名词做宾语，raise awareness，“提高意识”。故填awareness。【45题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意:这将是历

107、史上最大的志愿者活动。根据空前的the，和后面的in history,可知，这将是历史上最大的志愿者活动，所以用形容词最高级。故填largest。第三节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）46. Guangzhou - based company, Evergrande, e _ a helping hand by offering $460m to improve the quality of life for poverty - stricken locals. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】extended#xtended【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：总部位于广州的恒大集团

108、(Evergrande)伸出援手，提供4.6亿美元，以改善当地贫困人口的生活质量。extend a helping hand .,伸出援手，根据单词首字母以及句意“伸出援手”以及上下文对过去事件的描述 ，可知应填动词的过去式。故填extended。47. Faced with the interviewers camera, the victim didnt want to talk much about her painful past, but the memory just a _ flashed back. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】abruptly#bruptly【解析】【详解】

109、考查副词。句意：面对采访者的摄像机，受害者不想谈论太多她痛苦的过去，但记忆突然闪回。空处需要用副词修饰后面的动词flashed，根据首字母提示和句意，可知用单词abruptly “突然，忽然间”。故填abruptly。48. It is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages, which will enable us to understand the situation a _ （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】accurately【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：阅读

110、不同角度、不同阶段的新闻报道是明智的，这将使我们能够准确地了解情况。根据句意及句子结构可知主干完整，缺少对动词“理解”的修饰词 ，根据前句可知“不同角度和阶段，可以准确地理解”。根据单词首字母和意思“准确地”，需要副词accurately，故填accurately。49. As for the future development of Sino-US relationship, it is c _ that the two countries properly manage any crisis that erupts and prevent it from ascending into v

111、iolent conflict.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】crucial#rucial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：对于中美关系未来的发展，两国妥善管控任何爆发的危机，防止危机演变成暴力冲突至关重要。根据句意可知，在中美关系中，管控危机，防止变成冲突非常重要，结合首字母提示可知，应填入形容词crucial作表语，表示“至关重要的”。故填crucial。50. The Communist Party of China has remained committed to making c _ efforts to serve the people wholeheartedly and re

112、garded the peoples expectation for a better life as its goal. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】constant#onstant【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国共产党始终坚持不断努力，全心全意为人民服务，把人民对美好生活的向往作为奋斗目标。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填入形容词constant，作定语修饰名词efforts，表示“持续不断的努力”。故填constant。51. The company has announced that it will undertake a full _(调查) into the cause o

113、f accident. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】investigation【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：公司宣布将对事故原因进行全面调查。根据所给出的汉语提示可知，应是名词“investigation”，在句中作之前动词“undertake(从事)”的宾语。故填investigation。52. With a heavy workload and fierce competition, music might be a great channel for _ (发泄) your negative emotions. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】releasing【解析】【

114、详解】考查动词。句意：如果有较重的工作压力和激烈的竞争时，音乐可能是一种发泄消极情绪的一种方式。表达：发泄，释放，英语用release。由于跟在介词之后，要用动名词。故填releasing。53. When encountering a new challenge, you have to make _ (最大限度) use of your capabilities and advantages. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】maximum【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：当遇到新的挑战时，你必须充分利用自己的能力和优势。根据汉语提示“最大限度”，为maximum，作定语。故填maximu

115、m。54. There had been no indication of any loss of mental ability. His whole life had _ (然而) been clouded with a series of illnesses. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】nevertheless【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：那没有任何迹象表明他有精神问题。然而，他的整个人生却被一系列疾病所笼罩。空格处是副词，作状语，根据句意填nevertheless.故填nevertheless。55. The country needs a defense system as _

116、 (保障措施) against the unexpected. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】insurance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这个国家需要一个防御系统以防意外。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应填入名词insurance作宾语，表示“保障措施”，insurance against.为固定搭配，意为“保护措施”。故填insurance。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）56. 近日，李华所在的学校开展了“为建设节约型社会（an energy-saving society）献计”主题活动，同学们提出了许多建议。请你根据以下要点，用英语写一篇短文向Eng

117、lish Horizons杂志编辑部投稿。1、不浪费粮食和纸张；2、尽量不使用方便筷、塑料袋；3、毕业生将书赠给低年级同学循环使用。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】 Nowadays，there has been an activity of “ doing your bit for an energy-saving society” in our school. Concerned about the increasing lack of energy, our schoolmates offer their suggestions. Some stud

118、ents advise that we shouldnt waste any food or paper. Other students think it is advisable to refuse to use disposable chopsticks and plastic bags. Additionally, it is also strongly recommended that those used textbooks and reference books of graduates , Which are still in good condition, not be thr

119、own but recycled. In fact, there still quite a lot that we can easily do : try to take buses or ride bicycles instead of driving cars，etc . All of these will be definitely helpful to build an energy-saving society.【解析】【详解】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文倡议书。近日，李华所在的学校开展了“为建设节约型社会（an energy-saving society）献计”主题活动，同学们

120、提出了许多建议。请你根据以下要点，用英语写一篇短文向English Horizons杂志编辑部投稿。1、不浪费粮食和纸张；2、尽量不使用方便筷、塑料袋；3、毕业生将书赠给低年级同学循环使用。【详解】1.词汇积累关心：care about be concerned about缺乏：be short of lack of此外： whats more additionally事实上：actually In fact2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：In fact, there still quite a lot that we can easily do : try to take buses or ri

121、de bicycles instead of driving cars，etc . All of these will definitely help to build an energy-saving society. 拓展句：In fact, there still quite a lot that we can easily do : try to take buses or ride bicycles instead of driving cars etc ，all of which will definitely help to build an energy-saving soci

122、ety. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Other students think it is advisable to refuse to use disposable chopsticks and plastic bags. （在宾语从句中运用了it作形式主语）【高分句型2】Additionally, it is also strongly recommended that those used textbooks and reference books of graduates , which are still in good condition, not be thrown but recyc

123、led. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节 读后续写（满分20分）57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Nick was new, so he didnt have many friends. One day when he sat by himself at lunch, the headmaster walked in and announced that it was the basketball season, so they needed to practice after school till 6. Nick smile

124、d. He loved playing basketball.Later that day it was time to go to the first practice of the season. There were other guys and they all sat together talking, but Nick just sat there and waited. “Alright boys! Line up and tell me your names,” the coach demanded. “Ricky, Derick, Josh, Dan, Nick.” they

125、 answered, one after another. Practice went on and the coach began to try out the boys. Ricky and his friends did really good. But the coach ran out of time before he could try out Nick.The next day, Ricky and his friends came up to Nick and told him he wasnt good enough though they had never seen h

126、im play. Nick said nothing. Soon enough it was time for Nick to try out. “We will start with free throws,” the coach said. Nick stood on the free throw line and then shot. He didnt miss one shot. The boys were amazed. Ricky was mad because they were all giving the attention to Nick. The coach inform

127、ed Nick that he made the team. All the boys were congratulating him.Nick was happy that he was on the team and it was a good way to make friends. Ricky just stood there and looked at him in anger. Ricky always got the attention but now Nick did because hes an amazing player. The next day came and Ni

128、ck went to lunch. He sat by himself and the next thing he knew was that the table he was sitting at was filled with all the basketball players except Ricky.Soon enough it was time for their first game. The game was a close one . There were 5 seconds left and Ricky had the ball. Everyone was blocked

129、but Nick was open. “Im open. Im open,” Nick said over and over.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。Ricky saw that he was open but he didn t care. _Nick decided to talk to Ricky after they failed the game. _【答案】Version 1:Ricky saw that he was open but he didnt care. Ricky went to try and shoot, but missed.

130、 Their team lost by one point. Nick was right by the basket but Ricky didnt pass the ball because he didnt like Nick. As soon as the game was over, the coach waited for them all to get into the locker room and said sadly, “There was no reason we should lose. We were one point behind. Ricky could hav

131、e made it but he decided to shoot himself. Im so disappointed.”Nick decided to talk to Ricky after they failed the game. “Only if we work together can we succeed,” Nick said seriously. Ricky regretted what he had done and realized the importance of good teamwork. Weeks went by and it was time for an

132、other game. Ricky and Nick were both in. They were working together. They caught up and ended up winning the rest of the games of the whole season. Nick and Ricky became really good friends. They cant wait till next year to play again .Version 2:Ricky saw that he was open but he didnt care. He just

133、wanted to show off how well he could play so that he could catch other peoples attention again. He tried his best to shoot, but to his surprise, he didnt make it. The team lost in the end. The coach and the teammates were very disappointed with Ricky, thinking that he had no sense of teamwork. Ricky

134、 was sorry for the mistake he had made, but there was nothing he could do about it.Nick decided to talk to Ricky after they failed the game. “Hey, Ricky, if you dont like me, just keep off the court. But if you want to succeed, just work as a team.” In fact, Ricky had regretted not being able to wor

135、k with the team. He decided to see Nick as a role model. The boys went home and had hours of practice the next day. In the following games of the whole season, they achieved great success one after another due to their unity.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了新转校的Nick因为球技精湛，不仅加入了篮球队，而且颇受欢迎。而原先在这球队的Ricky却因为嫉妒，在比赛

136、中不跟Nick合作，导致比赛失败。赛后Nick找Ricky谈话，俩人敞开心扉，成为了好朋友，并合作赢得了好多比赛。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“Ricky看到他那儿是空着的，但是他不在乎”可知，第一段可描写Ricky故意不跟Nick合作，导致比赛失败。由第二段首句内容“当比赛输了之后，Nick决定跟Ricky谈一谈”可知，第二段可描写Nick与Ricky赛后谈话，俩人打开心结，并成为好朋友。2.续写线索：Ricky不合作，单纯炫技输掉比赛教练说出失败原因Nick找Ricky谈话俩人敞开心扉成为好朋友3.词汇激活行为类错失：miss /lose 成功：make it /succeed合作：work together /cooperate/team up情绪类难过地：sadly/sorrowfully 失望的：disappointed /letdown/lose hope【点睛】高分句型1 Nick was right by the basket but Ricky didnt pass the ball because he didnt like Nick.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）高分句型2 Only if we work together can we succeed.（运用了only if引导的条件状语从句）