VOA慢速英语《农业报道》文本：第17课.doc

1、英语翻议讲解：这里是VOA特别英语农业报道。修剪是没有意义的。你剪掉植株的一部分，然而，植株会长的比以前更加茂盛。这需要一个答案。解释要从顶芽开始。顶芽位于植株活跃的生长点末端。顶芽分泌出叫做生长素的生长类激素。顶芽将生长素释放至植株茎部。当主芽的顶端被修剪或受到损坏时，将不能再分泌生长素。这将导致侧芽苏醒并开始生长。结果是，植株生长的更加茂盛。修剪还可以移除植株不健康或不必要的部分，促进花朵或果实的生长。总体来说，修剪植株的最佳时间是在冬末，植株开始生长之前。但是佛罗里达推广大学的园艺专家指出，也有一些植物例外。例如，像绣线菊和杜鹃花这样春天开花的植物，应该在开花之后进行修剪。然后掐掉长度在

2、拇指和食指之间的新芽。这可以帮助催生新的枝干，开出更多的花。植物学专家Doug Welsh表示，修剪玫瑰丛，桃金娘或者能遮荫的数木时，应该首先剪掉枯死，断裂或患病的部分，从出现问题的地方开始修剪。除掉枯死的花朵。剪掉所有与其他枝干相接触的树枝，留下比较强壮或者位置更好的一个。剪掉所有与邻近枝条在同样的空间生长的树枝。剪掉向地面生长的树枝，直直向上生长的树枝和从树木底部生长出来的枝条。但是得克萨斯A&M大学的Doug Welsh说，不要过度修剪。他说，选择正确的植株，种植在正确的地方可以避免许多修剪工作。“人们会毁掉自然界创造的东西。”他说。佛罗里达Manatee郡的主要园艺师Melis

3、sa Snyder说，修剪会使植株受伤。人们不需要在伤口放置任何物质。但是，需要注意，不要使锯条或其他修剪工具伤到自己。同时，修剪工具也会将病害从一个植株传播到另外一个。所以，在修剪每个植株之后，一定要用酒精或漂白剂消毒。1.release vt.释放,解放,放松,豁免,免除,发表例句：Fine arts allowed him to release his natural gifts. 美术使他得以发挥自己的天赋才能。2.stem n. 茎,柄,船首,血统,堵塞物 vt. 摘掉茎,装柄于,阻止,堵住,逆行 例句：Correct decisions stem from correct judg

4、ement. 正确的决心来源于正确的判断。 The liner has been refitted from stem to stern. 那艘班轮已经全面整修。3.breakage n. 破坏,破损处,破损量例句：Customer is expected to pay for breakage . 顾客应对所毁坏物品进行赔偿。4.generally ad.广泛地,普遍地,通常,一般例句：Editorial decisions are generally made by senior editors. 编辑方面的决定通常由高级编辑做出。5.exception n.例外,除外;反对,异议例句：T

5、here is no rule but has exceptions. 任何规则都有例外。6.bloom vi.开花,焕发青春,茂盛例句：These flowers will bloom all through the summer. 这些花整个夏天都会绽放。7.disinfect vt.除去(感染), 给消毒例句：Disinfect the wound before you bandage it up. 伤口包扎之前应先消毒。 1.Pruning makes no sense. You cut off parts of a plant. make no sense毫无意义例句：The exp

6、lanation made no sense. 这解释莫名其妙。cut off切下,割下;切断,截断,隔离,使中断联系,中断,剥夺财产继承权例句：The slide cut off the valley from the rest of the world. 山崩切断了这个山谷与外界的联系。2.But gardening experts at the University of Florida extension point out some exceptions.point out指出,指明例句：She pointed out all the salient features of the

7、building. 她指出了该建筑物的全部显著特征。 I beg to point out that you are wrong. 恕我指出你错了。英语听力原文：This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.Pruning makes no sense. You cut off parts of a plant. Yet the plant is supposed to grow back even better than before? This demands an answer.The explanation begins with

8、 the apical bud. This bud is at the end of the actively growing tip of the plant.img buds produce a growth hormone called auxin. The buds release this hormone down the plant stem. When the top of the main shoot is removed - by pruning or breakage - the auxin is no long produced.This causes buds to t

9、he side, called lateral buds, to wake up and start growing. The result: better plant development.Pruning can also remove unhealthy or unneeded parts of a plant, and increase the growth of flowers and fruit.Generally, the best time to prune is in late winter, before spring growth starts. But gardenin

10、g experts at the University of Florida extension point out some exceptions.For example, spring-blooming plants like spireas and azaleas should be pruned after they bloom. Then pinch the new shoots between your thumb and forefinger. That will help them develop branches that produce new blooms.Plant e

11、xpert Doug Welsh says when you prune a rosebush, crape myrtle or shade tree, first remove dead, broken or diseased parts. Cut at the place where the problem begins. Deadhead, or take off, dead blooms.Remove any branches that touch another branch; leave the stronger one or the one that is in a better

12、 position. Remove any branches growing in the same space as the branches next to them. Also prune branches growing toward the ground, high branches growing straight up and shoots growing from the base of the tree.But Doug Welsh, a professor at Texas A&M University, says not to go too far with pr

13、uning. He says a lot of it can be avoided just by choosing the right plant for the right space. People can ruin what nature has created, he says.Melissa Snyder, a master gardener in Manatee County, Florida, says pruning wounds a plant. People do not need to put anything on the wound, she says. But t

14、hey do need to be careful not to wound themselves with chainsaws or other pruning tools.Also, tools can spread disease from one plant to another. So be sure to disinfect tools with alcohol or bleach after each plant.And thats the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by Jerilyn Watson. Next week, learn about new scientific understanding of how pruning works. And for more gardening advice, go to . Im Steve Ember.