江苏省淮安市清江中学2020届高三英语下学期第二次模拟考试试题（含解析）.doc

1、江苏省淮安市清江中学2020届高三英语下学期第二次模拟考试试题（含解析）第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What will the man probably do about the restaurant?A. Write a good review.B. Come back tomorrow.C. Try another place next time.【

2、答案】C【解析】【原文】W: So, do you like this restaurant? Should we come back tomorrow?M: I thought it was just so-so. It was not nearly as good as all the reviews said it was.2.Who does the woman think is the best composer?A. Stravinsky.B. Holst.C. Mozart.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Do you like classical music, Regina?W

3、: I do, indeed. Stravinsky and Holst are my favorite composers at the moment. But I think Mozart was the best in history.3.What is the man probably doing?A. Painting the wall quickly.B. Cleaning the womans teeth.C. Checking the womans body temperature.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Open up wide, Ruth. 1 need to ge

4、t in there so I can finish this as quickly as possible.W: Oh, it really hurts. I never knew going to the dentist would be this painful!4.What does the woman want?A. To be the winner.B. To sing a song.C. To have another chance.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: I have to tell you - your singing is the finest I have eve

5、r heard.W: Thank you, sir. I hope I can win the competition.5.What are the speakers talking about?A. Weather.B. A picture.C. A competition.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Look out of the window. Its completely white outside!W: The news said we were going to get 13 inches.M: Great! Lets go skiing!第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分1

6、5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6. What do we know about the man?A. He is not a wine drinker.B. He always knows what he wants.C. He will not eat his food at the restaurant.7. What does the man o

7、rder?A. Steak.B. Fish.C. Mushrooms.【答案】6. C 7. B【解析】【原文】W: Hello. Im Sadie. Ill be taking care of you this evening.M: Hey, Sadie. What are the specials tonight, please?W: Well, we have fish and steak with a mushroom cream sauce.M: Those all sound excellent. I have no idea what to choose. Perhaps you

8、 could help me decide.W: I would go with the fish. Its light and it just tastes so nice. I can also recommend the white wine to go with that.M: Excellent. I will take two orders and a bottle of the wine. Could I get that to go, please?W: No problem, sir.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8. Where does this conversati

9、on likely take place?A. On the subway.B. On an airplane.C. On a city bus.9. Why is the woman embarrassed?A. She cant help the man.B. She finds the man attractive.C. She has to ask the man to put his shoes back on.10. How does the man probably feel in the end?A. Surprised.B. Satisfied.C. Excited.【答案】

10、8. B 9. C 10. A【解析】原文】M: Excuse me, Miss? Please come here when you get a chance.W: Im sorry. I was talking with one of the passengers back there. How can I assist you, sir?M: Id like one more of those tasty tomato juices please.W: Coming right up, sir. Theres just one thing I need to ask you.M: Sur

11、e, young lady. What is it? Im listening.W: Well, Im very embarrassed, actually. Ive never said anything like this to a passenger-much less to one who is older than me.M: Please, go right ahead. Age has taken away all of my shyness. Im probably just as interested in hearing what you have to say as yo

12、u are to ask it.W: All right. Sir, could you please put your shoes back on? We have had several complaints about the smell from the other passengers. Even the pilot mentioned something about it.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11. Where is the man from?A. Nebraska.B. Cairns.C. Sydney.12. What is the mans attitude t

13、oward surfing?A. Bored.B. Excited.C. Worried.13. What will the man do next?A. Surf the big waves.B. Surf near the beach.C. Get his sun cream.【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B【解析】【原文】W: Welcome to Cairns! Im Sally, and Ill be your surfing coach.M: Hey, Im Mickey. This is my first time being in the ocean. Im from

14、 a state in the U.S. Have you heard of Nebraska?W: Um, Im not sure. Im not very familiar with U.S. geography. Im from Sydney. Anyway, lets get started. Grab that board and follow me.M: Wait. Are those the waves we are going to surf? They look really big. Ive never done this beforeW: Relax! Im a grea

15、t teacher. You wont get to surf those big waves today. We are going to start on the smaller waves close to the beach.M: Oh I see. Actually, the sun is really bright today. I forgot to put on sun cream. Maybe I should go back and quickly grab it?W: Dont worry. Ive got it right here in my bag. Dont be

16、 scared, eh? Im going to watch you.M: You are?W: Sure. You have nothing to worry about. Now, bend your body and听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14. Who does the man see?A. A well-known singer.B. A famous football player.C. His favorite basketball player.15. What does the woman give the man?A. A red shirt.B. A black

17、 pen.C. A white hat.16. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Act quickly.B. Wait until next time.C. Get her a new purse.【答案】14. C 15. C 16. A【解析】【原文】M: Look over there! Its Maurice Robinson. Hes my favorite basketball player!W: Awesome!M: Should I go to ask him to sign his name? I dont have anyt

18、hing for him to sign, though. Can I borrow your hat?W: You want him to sign my hat? No way!M: This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. What if that was Lebron James? What would you do?W: OK, I see your point. Here is my hat. But you have to buy me a new one, OK?M: Deal. Hand it over. Ill be right b

19、ack.W: Wait, I have a red pen in my purse. Red will show up on this white hat more clearly.M: You had a pen in your purse this whole time? Why didnt you say something before?W: I just realized it. Anyway, youd better go quickly. He is getting up from the table. Wow, the woman sitting next to him is

20、beautiful. They are ready to leave the restaurant.M: She is an actress from the movie Leave lt to Beaver. Im not really a fan of her, though.W: Oh. Hurry up!M: OK, see you in a few minutes.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17. How long has Herman lived in New York City?A. Only recently.B. His entire life.C. Since he w

21、as eight years old.18. According to the man, how many taxi drivers are there in New York City?A. Hundreds.B. Thousands.C. Millions.19. What does the man say about the subway?A. Its really fast.B. It goes everywhere in the city.C. It isnt very convenient on weekends.20. Why does the woman suggest vis

22、iting other cities?A. To meet some nice people.B. To appreciate New York more.C. To compare them to New York.【答案】17. B 18. B 19. B 20. C【解析】【原文】“New York City is the greatest city in the world,” said Herman. “Ive been here my whole life, and I cant imagine moving anywhere else. We have the best of e

23、verything. Dont you agree? Think about it. We have 8 million friendly people. Thats a lot. Sometimes it can be crowded, but people are generally very nice. We have 10,000 friendly taxicab drivers, even though sometimes I cant quite understand what they are saying due to their thick New York accents.

24、 We have the worlds greatest subway system! Even on weekends when hundreds of trains arent running, you can take a cheap train to anywhere in the city. Its super convenient. We also have the Brooklyn Bridge, the worlds greatest bridge for walking and taking pictures. We have Grants Tomb and the Stat

25、en Island Ferry -theyre both free! We have the worlds best pizza because its made right here in New York City! We have I Love NY T-shirts. We have everything! Who would ever want to go anywhere else?” His friend Maria said, “But there are a lot of other nice cities in the world. Maybe you should vis

26、it them to compare.” Herman thought for a moment, and then said, “Why should I visit other cities? People from those cities are out here visiting us. That just proves how great this city is!” Just then, a taxicab drove by and muddy water was all over the two friends. “God, I hate this place!” shoute

27、d Herman.第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分35分)第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)21.These motorized bikes are highly effective for city traffic as you will never run out of _ to park.A. optionsB. patienceC. resourcesD. universe【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些电动车在城市交通中非常高效，因为你永远不会没有停车的选择。A. options选择；B. patience耐心；C. resource

28、s资源；D. universe宇宙。根据句意可知，此处是指提供给电动车停车的选择很多，故选A项。22.Are your parents satisfied with your performance at home? _ but not exactly. They want me to do more housework.A. Kind ofB. Just the oppositeC. On averageD. By all means【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：你父母对你在家的表现满意吗？有点，但不是十分满意，他们想让我做更多的家庭作业。A. Kind of有点；B.

29、Just the opposite相反；C. On average平均；D. By all means务必，一定。根据They want me to do more housework.可知此处用“有点满意”符合语境，故选A项。23.I have no formal clothes for the occasion. Perhaps I can _ in a dark suit?A. go byB. pass byC. drop byD. get by【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我没有适合这个场合的正式服装。或许，我穿深色西服还过得去？A. go by流逝； B. pas

30、s by经过；C. drop by顺便拜访；D. get by勉强通过。根据句意可知，此处用“穿深色西服勉强过得去”符合语境，故选D项。24.You seem to have had a wonderful holiday!Yes. Really nice days during the May Day Holiday. My parents and I _ to several tourist spots. Lucky you!A. are drivingB. had drivenC. droveD. have been driving【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：你似乎玩得很开

31、心！是的。五一期间都过得很开心。父母和我开车去参观了几个景点。你可真幸运。结合语境可知，此处讲述五一期间发生的事情，即过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故选C项。25.Michelle, have you got your admission to the Pennsylvania State University as a state-financed student?I hope so, but Im not so lucky. I have to _ my pocket to pay for my further study.A. turn toB. dip intoC. refer toD.

32、 see to【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：米歇尔，你已经收到了宾夕法尼亚大学作为州立补助生的录取通知书了吗？我希望如此。但我没那么幸运。我必须自掏腰包支付我深造的费用。A. turn to求助于；B. dip into动用；C. refer to指的是，参考；D. see to注意。根据句意可知，此处考查短语dip into ones pocket“掏腰包”，故选B项。26.Spending on universities is usually _ by the belief - the increase in earnings that graduates enjoy

33、over non-graduates.A. confirmedB. justifiedC. convincedD. recognized【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大学上的花费通常基于这样一种信念大学毕业生比非大学毕业生享有更高的收入。A. confirmed证实；B. justified证明有理；C. convinced使相信；D. recognized认出。根据句意可知，此处考查短语be justified by“靠支持”，故选B项。27.Peppa Pig, a Bristish cartoon character with a face _ like a hai

34、r dryer, is placed on the cup _ blue, green and celadon colors.A. shaping; featuringB. shaped; featuringC. shaping; featuredD. shaped; featured【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小猪佩奇，一部英国动画的主人公，它脸的形状像一个电吹风，被印在具有蓝色、绿色和青瓷颜色的杯子上。分析句子可知，第一空考查非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语face和shape之间是被动关系，应用过去分词；第二空考查非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语cup和feature之间主动

35、关系，应用现在分词；综上所述，故选B项。【点睛】本题第一空考查with的符合结构“With + 复合结构”又称为“with结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。具体结构如下：1. with +名词 + 介词短语 She said good-bye with tears in her eyes 她含着眼泪说了声再见。 2with + 名词 + 形容词（强调名词的特性或状态）He often sleeps with the windows open他常开着窗睡觉。 3. with +名词 + 副词He stood before his teacher with hi

36、s head down他低着头站在老师面前。 4. with + 名词 + -ed 分词 （强调名词是 -ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生）He sat there with his eyes closed他闭目坐在那儿。 5. with + 名词 + -ing分词（强调名词是 -ing分词动作的发出者或某动作，状态正在进行）He fell asleep with the lamp burning他没熄灯就睡着了。 6. with + 名词 + to do （不定式动作尚未发生）With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish it

37、in time有这么多人帮忙，我们一定能按时完成。本题考查第4中情况，即with + 名词 + -ed 分词，该过去分词充当名词的补语28.I have so many clients who believe that cutting their hair helps it grow. Actually, for every few inches youre cutting, you _ months to the growing time.A. have addedB. will have addedC. addD. are adding【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我有很多客户

38、，他们都认为剪头发可以让它生长。事实上，你正在剪的每几英寸，你就增加几个月的生长时间。结合语境以及前文的for every few inches youre cutting可知，此处应用现在进行时，故选D项。29.FAST, the largest ear on Earth, can listen for distant signals in the universe, using technology five times more powerful than _ was previously available.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【答案】D【解析】【详

39、解】考查宾语从句。句意：FAST，地球上最大的“耳朵”，能够在宇宙中听到遥远的信号，使用了比以前强大5倍的技术。A. how如何；B. which哪一个；C. that连接词；D. what连接代词。分析句子可知，此处是谓语介词than之后的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代“技术”，应用连接代词what，故选D项。【点睛】本题考查宾语从句连接词。确定宾语从句连接词一般分为三步：分析从句成分；看从句句意；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：分析从句成分：从句_ was previously available.缺少主语看从句句意：“之前可用的技术”，指代事物，应用连接代词what考虑特殊情况：无故用what

40、，选D项。30.The doctor gave the late-stage cancer patient more powerful drugs in the _ hope that he might recover.A. vainB. freshC. ambiguousD. unrest【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生给这个癌症晚期病人最强劲的药，徒劳地希望他可以康复。A. vain徒劳的，白费的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. ambiguous模糊的；D. unrest不安，动荡。根据句意可知，此处用“徒劳的”符合语境，故选A项。31.You may not ha

41、ve noticed that problem, but you could never withdraw it _ regretful about your decision.A. should you feelB. you should feelC. had you leftD. you had left【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：你可能没有注意到那个问题，但是如果你对自己的决定感到后悔，你就永远不能收回了。结合语境可知，but之后的句子是虚拟语气，且是对将来情况的假设，从句应用should + 动词原形，又可省略连词if将should提前，故从句可表达为shoul

42、d you feel，故选A项。【点睛】本题考查if引导虚拟语气的省略情况if引导的虚拟语气中，如从句有had/ should/ were时可省略if将它们三个置于句首，例如：If I were you, I would choose to stay at home. = Were I you, I would choose to stay at home.如果我是你，我就会选择呆在家。If you had taken my advice, you could be better now. = Had you taken my advice, you could be better now.如

43、果你听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。If it should snow tomorrow, I would make a snow-man. = should it snow tomorrow, I would make a snow-man.万一明天下雪，我会对一个雪人。32.Publishers and writers from 13 countries attended the seminar _ top ten titles of the year were selected and their writers were awarded.A. whenB. whereC. whoseD.

44、 which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：来自13个国家的出版商和作家参加了研讨会，在会上选出了今年的十佳作品，并给它们的作者颁了奖。A. when关系副词，指代时间；B. where关系副词，指代地点；C. whose关系代词，充当定语；D. which关系副词，指代事物。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词seminar在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：找出先行词：seminar分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分：先行

45、词seminar在从句_ top ten titles of the year were selected and their writers were awarded.中充当地点状语，引用关系副词where考虑特殊情况：无故用where，选B项。33.Was it in June 2016 _ Shanghai Disney land _ you have been dreaming of visiting was opened to the public.A. when; thatB. that; whichC. that; whereD. when; where【答案】B【解析】【详解】

46、考查强调句和定语从句。句意：上海迪斯尼乐园是在2016年6月对公众开放的吗，它是你梦寐以求去的地方。分析句子可知，第一空考查强调句it is/was + 强调部分 + that；第二空考查定语从句，先行词land在从句中充当visiting的宾语，应用关系代词which/that。综上所述，故选B项。【点睛】本题第一空考查强调句it is/was + 强调部分 + that，该句型可以对主语，宾语，状语进行强调，例如：I met her at school yesterday.It was I that met her at school yesterday.It was her that I

47、 met at school yesterday.It was at school that I met her yesterday.It was yesterday that I met her at school.34.Teenage girls sometimes ask me for advice about what they should be doing _ they want a career like mine one day.A. even thoughB. as thoughC. provided thatD. now that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：有

48、时十多岁的女孩向我征求意见，说如果她们将来想要一个像我这样的职业她们现在应该做什么。A. even though尽管，即使；B. as though好像；C. provided that如果，假如；D. now that既然。根据they want a career like mine one day.可知，此处表示假设，用“如果”符合语境，故选C项。35. Stop criticizing everyone! You should _ and admit that you arent perfect either!Maybe youre right. But I dont know what

49、 makes you think so.A. kill the fatted calfB. have eggs on your faceC. get down off your high horseD. wash your hands off【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查习惯表达。句意：停止批评每一个人。你不应该那么趾高气扬，也要承认你并不完美。或许你是对的。但我不知道是什么让你有这样的想法。A. kill the fatted calf热情款待；B. have eggs on your face丢脸；C. get down off your high horse别趾高气扬；D. wash y

50、our hands off撒手不管。根据句意可知，此处用“别趾高气扬”符合语境，故选C项。第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)Being given the opportunity to travel to the United States and work in a Summer Camp was a truly unique experience. And for that I will always be _36_. It would also be a(n) _37_ for me to write about it and recommend this camp

51、 to those who desire to _38_ their vision and improve themselves.I _39_ the International Sports Training Camp in the summers of 2004 and 2009. The reason why there was a gap of 4 years _40_ visits is that I made the decision to begin and complete an Education Degree(PE). The majority of the reason

52、I _41_ this career path is largely due to the high level of staff training that I received as part of the camp orientation program and also the development of personal qualities and improved self-confidence I _42_ along the way. The camp orientation program _43_ over 7 days and was _44_ by our camp

53、directors and senior staff (many of them are international staff). Through this program we were trained and educated in problem solving, communications kills and many other _45_ aspects of camp life. _46_, this kind of training is presented in many other forms of employment and _47_ I feel that I ha

54、ve already got a(n) _48_ in life that others may not have the chance to experience.Summer Camps have provided so many _49_ and international staff with unique life experiences, resources, education and professional relationships that are impossible to _50_. Many of us have become really good friends

55、 and share sorrow and joy online. _51_, many friends have become _52_ staff members at these camps and are _53_ every year for training the new staff that arrive at camp.Everyone should have the opportunity to work in a summer camp for the _54_ they have there that I believe would _55_ them for a li

56、fetime.36. A. relievedB. thankfulC. admirableD. desirable37. A. challengeB. concernC. pleasureD. inspiration38. A. extendB. polishC. blockD. outline39. A. organizedB. followedC. sponsoredD. attended40. A. afterB. forC. betweenD. beyond41. A. decided onB. took onC. counted onD. touched on42. A. wentB

57、. cameC. struggledD. gained43. A. ranB. endedC. occurredD. consisted44. A. privilegedB. presentedC. previewedD. revised45. A. abundantB. importantC. elegantD. brilliant46. A. StillB. InsteadC. ThusD. Again47. A. at bestB. in timeC. as suchD. in tune48. A. lessonB. advantageC. groundD. reward49. A. m

58、odestB. intelligentC. domesticD. tentative50. A. copyB. recognizeC. promoteD. record51. A. After allB. Above allC. AlsoD. Thus52. A. considerateB. temporaryC. permanentD. flexible53. A. responsibleB. desperateC. famousD. honoured54. A. experienceB. routineC. timetableD. statement55. A. concludeB. pr

59、otectC. transferD. benefit【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. C 41. A 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. C 53. A 54. A 55. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过参加美国的一个夏令营，得到了个人素质的提高和信心的提升。现在他向大家推荐该夏令营，希望每个人都获得体验独特经历的机会。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为此，我通常都很感激。A. relieved感到宽慰的；B. thankful感激的；C.

60、 admirable令人倾佩的；D. desirable渴望的。根据上文的Being given the opportunity to travel to the United States and work in a Summer Camp was a truly unique experience.可知作者认为去美国旅行并在夏令营工作是一个独特的经历，故推测他对该经历非常感激，故选B项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说把这次经历写下来，并把该夏令营推荐给渴望扩展他们视野和提高自己的人是一个乐趣。A. challenge挑战；B. concern担心；C. pleasure快乐

61、；D. inspiration启发。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者乐于写下文章并给大众推荐他所工作的夏令营，故选C项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. extend延申，扩展；B. polish打磨，抛光；C. block阻塞；D. outline概述。根据句意可知，此处用“扩展视野”符合语境，故选A项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在2004和2009年的暑假期间参加了国际运动训练营。A. organized组织；B. followed跟随；C. sponsored赞助；D. attended参加。根据上文的work in a Summer Camp可知作者参加了夏令

62、营活动，故选D项。【40题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：在这两次之间有4年的间隔期是因为我决定开始并完成教育学位。 A. after之后；B. for为了；C. between在期间；D. beyond超越。结合上文内容可知，此处是指在2004年和2009年这两年之间的间隔，故选C项。【41题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定这条职业道路的主要原因是，作为夏令营培训计划的一部份，我接受了高水平的员工培训，而且在这一过程中，我的个人素质得到了提高，自信心也得到了提升。A. decided on决定；B. took on呈现；C. counted on指望；D. touched on涉及。根据上

63、文的I made the decision to begin and complete an Education Degree(PE)可知此处用“决定”符合语境，decision和decide是同根词，故选A项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. went走；B. came来；C. struggled挣扎；D. gained获得。结合上下文可知，个人素质提高和自信的提升，都是作者在参加夏令营过程中获得的，故选D项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该夏令营培训项目运行超过7天，而且由夏令营的主任和高级员工出席(他们中很多都是国际成员)。A. ran运行，运营；B. ended

64、结束；C. occurred发生；D. consisted在于。根据句意可知，此处用“运行”符合语境，故选A项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. privileged优先；B. presented出席；C. previewed预习；D. revised复习。根据句意可知，此处是指出席培训项目基本都是主任和高级人员，故选B项。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这些项目，我接受训练，并学习问题解决、交流技巧和野营生活其它很多重要方面。A. abundant充足的；B. important重要的；C. elegant优雅的；D. brilliant巧妙的。根据上文的educ

65、ated in problem solving, communications kills可知他们都是野营生活的重要方面，故选B项。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：再说，这种训练在其它很多工作中也有体现，就此而言，我觉得我已经在生活中获得了别人没有机会经历的优势。A. Still然而；B. Instead相反；C. Thus因此；D. Again再说。结合上下文可知，此处也在讲述参加该夏令营的好处，用“再说”表递进，符合语境，故选D项。【47题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. at best顶多；B. in time及时；C. as such就此而言；D. in tune一致。根

66、据句意可知，上下文是因果关系，用“就此而言”符合语境，故选C项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lesson课；B. advantage优势；C. ground地面，根本；D. reward回报。根据句意可知，此处指作者通过参加夏令营获得了很多，比其他人相比有了优势，故选B项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：夏令营已经为国内外人员提供了独特的生活经历、资源、教育和无法复制的专业关系。 A. modest谦虚的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. domestic国内的；D. tentative暂定的。根据句意可知，此处考查固定表达domestic and int

67、ernational“国内外的”，故选C项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. copy复制；B. recognize认出；C. promote促进；D. record记录。根据句意和上文的a truly unique experience可知，此处是指这些专业关系是独特的、无法复制的，故选A项。【51题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：此外，很多朋友已经成为了这些夏令营的永久员工，负责培训每年新到营地的员工。A. After all毕竟；B. Above all首先；C. Also此外；D. Thus因此。根据句意可知，上下文是递进关系，用“此外”符合语境，故选C项。【52题详解】

68、考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. considerate体贴的；B. temporary暂时的；C. permanent永久的；D. flexible灵活的。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者和很多朋友通过参加夏令营，最终成为该营地的永久员工，故选C项。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. responsible负责的；B. desperate绝望的；C. famous著名的；D. honoured荣誉的。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语be responsible for“对负责”，故选A项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都应该有在一个夏令营工作的机会，因为我相信这个

69、经历会让他们终生受益。A. experience经历；B. routine日常；C. timetable时间表；D. statement陈述。根据上文的a truly unique experience可知此处用“经历”符合语境，experience是原词复现，故选A项。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. conclude总结；B. protect保护；C. transfer转移；D. benefit对有益。根据上文的he high level of staff training that I received as part of the camp orientation pr

70、ogram and also the development of personal qualities and improved self-confidence可知夏令营给作者带来了很多好处，要作者受益匪浅，故此处用“对有益”符合语境，故选D项。【点睛】完形填空的解题方法之一是利用复现原则，包括原词复现，同义词复现，反义词复现和同根词复现。以本题为例：第19小题的答案experience是上文a truly unique experience的原词复现第6小题的答案decided on和上文I made the decision to begin and complete an Educat

71、ion Degree的decision是同根词第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AA Rewards Visa Card from Chase$30 OffA $30 Gift Card will be instantly loaded into your A account upon the approval of your credit card application.1%BACKOn all other purchasesVISA2%BACKAt gas

72、 stations restaurants and drugstores3%BACKAt Amazon. Comamazon. comNo Annual Fee No Earnings Caps No Point ExpirationInstant CreditYou can start using your card today on Amazon. com upon approval.Get rewarded on every purchase.Your % Back rewards are earned as points. You get one point for every pen

73、ny you earn in % Back rewards.Redeem (兑换) for instant savings at A checkout.During checkout you can see your rewards balance and choose how much to use.There is no minimum to redeem. 100 points=$1.00 when redeemed at A towards eligible purchases.You can also redeem for cash back and gift cards.Redem

74、ption minimums may apply for cash back and gift cards.What Customers are Saying:“I love being able to earn reward points when I make purchases from Amazon. Its like getting an additional discount every time you make your purchase using your Amazon Rewards Card!”-Deb“My favorite part of this card is

75、the 2X rewards in gas and restaurant purchases; 2 things I spend the most money on.”-TomA Gift Cards: A Gift Cards are issued by ACI Gift Cards. Inc., a Washington corporation. For complete terms and conditions, see No expiration date or service fees.Using Your Points at Checkout (Shop with Points):

76、 Certain restrictions apply. Learn more about Shop with points by clicking here or see Rewards Program Rules and Regulations which will be mailed after your account is established.56. Which of the following is NOT the feature of the A Rewards visa card?A. With this card there is no need for you to p

77、ay the annual fee.B. You can get rewarded with this card even if you buy something on other websites.C. $30 will be instantly loaded into your A account upon the approval of your credit card application.D. Besides the redemption for instant savings at A checkout, you can also redeem for cash back an

78、d gift cards.57. What can be inferred from the passage?A. You can get one point for every dollar you earn with the card.B. In some cases, you can get your cash back with the points in your card account.C. The most attractive part of this card is the 2X rewards in gas and restaurant purchases.D. Your

79、 points will be redeemed at A checkout automatically towards any eligible purchase.【答案】56. C 57. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于亚马逊积分卡的申办优惠，以及积分用途的介绍。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据表格里的A $30 Gift Card will be instantly loaded into your A account upon the approval of your credit card application.可知，一张价值30美元的亚马逊礼品卡将在您的信用卡申请获得批准后立

80、刻被载入您的亚马逊账户。C. $30 will be instantly loaded into your A account upon the approval of your credit card application.(30美元现金将在您的信用卡申请获得批准后立刻被载入您的亚马逊账户)不符合以上说法，故选C项。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据You can also redeem for cash back and gift cards.部分下的Redemption minimums may apply for cash back and gift cards.(您还可以兑换现金和礼品

81、卡)可知，在某些情况下，可以用积分兑换现金。B. In some cases, you can get your cash back with the points in your card account.(在某些情况下你可以用积分取回现金)符合以上说法，故选B项。BA few days after dropping off her daughter at college, Andrea got a phone call. Her daughter was ill. Andrea drove there immediately, located a doctor in town, booke

82、d a room at the university hotel and put her daughter to bed to recover. The next morning, Andrea went to her daughters classes, taking notes on her behalf. It was important that her daughter headed into the first semester of college without missing a beat: A future dental career required an extreme

83、ly good undergraduate academic record of four years.At the same time, another parent faced a different type of problem. Alexis had handpicked her daughters new university specifically and aimed to give her daughter an ideal social experience at college. But when she got there, she didnt seem to hit

84、her stride. Alexis blamed it on a working-class roommate who didnt ever want to go out to meet people-and told her daughter, in no uncertain terms, to change roommates.Both Andrea and Alexis are examples of helicopter parents, defined by their hovering and readiness with supplies, assistance and gui

85、dance. Their interventions were costly-requiring time, financial reserves, social understanding and knowledge of higher education-though they had different purposes.Why does educational and professional success today seem to require financial and emotional parental support? In large part, it reflect

86、s the shifting relationship between families and the university in America in the past century. Slowly after WWI and rapidly after WWII, many public universities were in fact free, as the government offered universities the resources to help families battle economic depression and poverty. However,

87、in the 1980s, the government shifted financial aid largely from grants to loans. Soon, universities entered a period of heavy and expensive administrative growth as they faced new and intensive pressures. Without the support of the state, families eventually came to absorb many of these costs.Univer

88、sities now rely, in part, on parents, particularly those with money, time, and connections to meet their basic needs. However, paying parents bring more than funds alone. They often help promote the university; conduct admissions interviews; interface with donating alumni; assist with their own stud

89、ents emotional, cognitive and physical needs and help place graduates(both related and not) in valuable internships and jobs.But the new family-university partnership exacts a toll. Parents are pushed to extend major parenting responsibilities into doing heavy financial lifting for their children wh

90、o are supposed to be building their own financial security. There is also some truth to the notion that the helicoptered children are slow to adapt to adulthood, make decisions about their careers, and manage friendships without calling on their parents for help.58. What does the underlined sentence

91、 she didnt seem to hit her stride in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Alexis daughters social competence wasnt promoted.B. Alexis daughter found she herself had financial difficulties.C. Alexis daughter disagreed with Alexis about her working-class roommate.D. Alexis daughter found university life was different

92、from what she had expected.59. Whats the author attitude towards helicopter parents?A. Critical.B. Cautious.C. Doubtful.D. Objective.60. Whats this passage mainly about?A. Troubles faced by universities in America.B. The partnership between colleges and helicopter parents.C. The troubled relationshi

93、p between parents and their children.D. The fierce competition among the career-minded generation.【答案】58. A 59. D 60. B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过一对母女的故事，引出主要话题：大学和“直升机式父母”之间的合作关系。一方面学校依赖这样的父母给它们提供必要的支持，但同时，“直升机式父母”会给孩子的成长带来影响。【58题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段的Alexis had handpicked her daughters new university specifical

94、ly and aimed to give her daughter an ideal social experience at college. But when she got there, she didnt seem to hit her stride. Alexis blamed it on a working-class roommate who didnt ever want to go out to meet people可知，亚历克西斯特意为她女儿挑选了新大学，目的是让她的女儿在大学里有一个理想的社交体验。当她到那儿时，她的女儿似乎没有大踏步前进。亚历克西斯把这归咎于一个不愿意

95、出去见人的工薪阶层室友。根据句意可知，此处的“大踏步前进”是指她在社交技能上没有明显进步，因为她的室友是一个不喜欢社交的工薪阶层女孩。A. Alexis daughters social competence wasnt promoted.(亚历克西斯的女儿的社交能力并没有提高)符合以上说法，故选A项。【59题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的Why does educational and professional success today seem to require financial and emotional parental support? In large part, it r

96、eflects the shifting relationship between families and the university in America in the past century.(为什么今天的教育和职业的成功似乎需要父母经济和情感的支持。这在很大程度上反映了过去一个世纪家庭和大学之间关系的转换)和第五段的Universities now rely, in part, on parents, particularly those with money, time, and connections to meet their basic needs.(大学现在部分依赖父母，

97、尤其是那些有钱、有时间、有能力满足它们基本需求的父母)可知，作者从历史变革和现状陈述了“直升机式父母”存在的原因。由此推测，作者对该现象的态度的客观中立的。D. Objective.(客观的)符合以上说法，故选D项。【60题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其倒数第三段的In large part, it reflects the shifting relationship between families and the university in America in the past century.( 这在很大程度上反映了过去一个世纪家庭和大学之间关系的转换)倒数第二段Unive

98、rsities now rely, in part, on parents, particularly those with money, time, and connections to meet their basic needs.( 大学现在部分依赖父母，尤其是那些有钱、有时间、有能力满足它们基本需求的父母)和最后一段的But the new family-university partnership exacts a toll.(但是，新的家庭大学合作关系需要付出代价)可知，本文主要讲述了大学和“直升机父母”之间的合作关系的优势和劣势。B. The partnership betwee

99、n colleges and helicopter parents.(大学和“直升机式父母”的合作关系)符合以上说法，故选B项。COf all the components of a good nights sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory t

100、hat dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just mental noise-the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the minds emoti

101、onal thermostat(恒温器), regulating moods while the brain is off-line. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, Its your dream, says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of

102、psychology at Chicagos Medical Center, If you dont like it, change it.Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep-when most vivid dreams occur-as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not

103、all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the emotional brain) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day, says Stanford sl

104、eep researcher Dr. William Dement.The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwrights clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generate

105、d during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we dont always think about the emotional significance of the days events-until, it appears, we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over rec

106、urring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day,

107、 theres probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping of we wake up in a panic, Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased peoples anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should see

108、k help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep-or rather dream-on it and youll feel better in the morning.61. Researchers have come to believe that dreams_.A. reflect our innermost desires and fearsB. are a random outcome of neural repairsC

109、. can be modified in their coursesD. are vulnerable to emotional changes62. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show _.A. its difference from the prefrontal cortexB. its function in our dreamsC. the mechanism of REM sleepD. the relation of dreams to emotions63. The negative feel

110、ings generated during the day tend to _.A. emerge in dreams early at nightB. develop into happy dreamsC. worsen in our unconscious mindD. persist till the time we fall asleep64. Cartwright seems to suggest that _.A. dreams should be left to their natural progressionB. dreaming may not entirely belon

111、g to the unconsciousC. visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under controlD. waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams【答案】61. C 62. D 63. A 64. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了梦和情绪的关系，强调梦是可以控制和改变的，并非完全出于无意识。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据一二段的If you dont like it, change it. Evidence from brain imaging suppor

112、ts this view.(如果你不喜欢它，就改变它。来自大脑成像的证据支持这一观点)可知，研究人员相信，梦是可以被改变的。C. can be modified in their courses(梦在它们的进程中是可以被改变的)符合以上说法，故选C项。【62题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的the limbic system (the emotional brain) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. We w

113、ake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day, says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.(边缘系统“情感大脑”特别活跃，而前额叶皮层相对安静。我们从快乐或沮丧的梦醒过来，这样的情绪会整天伴随着我们)和第三段的The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwrights clinic.(梦和情绪之间的联系在Cartwrig

114、ht诊所的病人之间表现出来了)可推测，作者列举limbic system 的目的是为了证明梦和情绪的关系。D. the relation of dreams to emotions(梦和情绪的关系)符合以上说法，故选D项。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feeling

115、s generated during the day.(大多人似乎在夜晚的早些时候会做更多的噩梦，在醒来之前会逐渐做一些更快乐的梦，这表明他们现在白天产生的消极情绪在起作用。)可知，白天产生的消极情绪容易造成夜晚早些时候的噩梦。A. emerge in dreams early at night(出现在夜晚早些时候的梦里)符合以上说法，故选A项。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious cont

116、rol over recurring bad dreams.(这个过程不需要留给无意识。卡特奈特认为，人可以有意识地控制反复出现的噩梦)可知，卡特纳特认为梦并非完全属于无意识。B. dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious(梦可能并非完全属于无意识)符合以上说法，故选B项。DOn his deathbed in 1638 John Harvard gave away half of his estate, about 800 and his library of some 400 books to a new college in

117、present-day Cambridge, Massachusetts. Harvards founders decided to name their new university after its first big benefactor.About 370 years ago the first Harvard scholarship to help some poor scholars was set up thanks to 100 donated by Ann Radcliffe. The university continues to be the beneficiary o

118、f generous donors. Last year, John Paulson, an investor, donated $400m to Harvards engineering school, its largest gift ever. Last year it raised more than $1 billion. Some of its graduates think this ought to be sufficient to cancel tuition fees.Among them are Ralph Nader, a veteran political activ

119、ist, and Ron Unz, author of a number of searing articles on American meritocracy(英才管理). Both are hoping to win election to the universitys board of overseers, from which they want to make Harvard free for all students to attend, and also pressure its admissions office to make data on how it chooses

120、which students to admit known to the public.Americas universities raised a record $40.3 billion last year, according to the Council for Aid to Education. Donations are not usually used to lower tuition fees, but they can be used to provide scholarships and financial aid to students who cannot afford

121、 to pay (70% of students at Harvard get some assistance with fees and living costs).Some lawmakers are wondering whether threats to change the tax-free status of donations might be used to persuade colleges to bring down the cost of tuition, which has increased by 220% in real terms since 1980. Nexu

122、s Research and Policy Centre says colleges receive $80 billion in support from state and local governments every year, which ought to give politicians some leverage(影响) in return.In January Tom Reed, a Republican congressman from New York, proposed a bill requiring donations of more than $1 billion

123、to allocate 25% for financial aid. Two congressional committees, the Senate Finance Committee and the House Ways and Means Committee, have sent letters to the heads of the colleges with the biggest donations asking about spending, conflicts of interest and fee arrangements. The 56 largest private un

124、iversity donations have to explain how they use their tax-free investment earnings.The colleges have their defenders. Most of these places are providing a fair amount of financial aid for students well beyond the poverty line, says Kim Rueben of the Tax Policy Centre. Kevin Weinman, Amhersts chief f

125、inancial officer, says his universitys donation offers $90m to the colleges budget, $30m more than tuition, room board and various fees combined. This school year, it will spend $50,000 per student funding financial aid, pay faculty and fund student activities. After Congress last examined the topic

126、 in 2007, more colleges began to award grants instead of loans. Financial aid has doubled over the past decade. Rhode Island also make voluntary payments in place of property taxes.In addition to pointing out their generosity, most colleges also argue that forcing them to spend donation money on fre

127、e tuition might even be illegal. Donors can restrict their tax-free gift to a legally-binding particular purpose, such as creating a chair, establishing a scholarship or building a new lab. Around 70% of donations are restricted funds.If the wealthiest colleges have already spent so much on financia

128、l aid, what is the problem? Mr. Unz argues that endowment-fuelled spending on new buildings, sports facilities and the hiring of administrators has created an arms-race in higher education, pushing up prices at those universities that are not fortunate enough to have lots of generous benefactors. Ha

129、rvard could cancel tuition payments without damaging its finances or touching the restricted portion of its endowment, he says. Furthermore, the abolition of both complicated financial-aid forms and terrifying sticker prices for tuition could, he argues, do much to encourage applicants from beyond t

130、he plutocracy(富豪阶级).65. The underlined word in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by .A. founderB. donorC. defenderD. innovator66. According to the passage, Ralph Nader and Ron Unz hope that they can .A. help Harvard to enroll new studentsB. learn about how Harvard spends its donationsC. make free educatio

131、n to all students at Harvard possibleD. negotiate with the Harvards board of overseers about tuition fees67. What can we infer from Kim Ruebens words in Paragraph 7?A. The colleges are making full use of their donations.B. Ordinary families cannot afford the increasing tuition fees.C. More attention

132、 should be paid to students below the poverty line.D. Property taxes on the colleges ought to be canceled permanently.68. According to the last but one paragraph, most colleges hold the idea that .A. donors should keep a check on where their money goesB. the financial aid they receive every year is

133、far from enoughC. they shouldnt be forced to spend donation money on free tuitionD. most donations should be used to improve colleges infrastructure69. According to the last paragraph, Mr Unz thinks .A. the competition between universities is necessaryB. Harvard should offer help to those who lack m

134、oneyC. financial-aid forms offered by universities should be simplifiedD. arms-races in higher education may lead to higher tuition fees70. What can be the best title for this passage?A. Should Harvards tuition fees be canceled?B. How does Harvard make use of its donations?C. What do Harvard and law

135、makers disagree about?D. Why does Harvard get more donations than other universities?【答案】65. B 66. C 67. A 68. C 69. D 70. A【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了哈佛收到了大量的捐款，导致该校学生认为它可以为学生免除学费。一些高校认为强迫把捐赠款用于免费学费是违法的，但有人持这样的观点，即如果把捐赠款大量用在提高学校硬件设施上，又会导致一场高校的“弹药竞赛”，最终的结果是提高那些没有得到捐赠款的学校的学费。【65题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段On his deathbed

136、 in 1638 John Harvard gave away half of his estate, about 800 and his library of some 400 books to a new college in present-day Cambridge, Massachusetts. Harvards founders decided to name their new university after its first big benefactor.可知，1638年在John Harvard弥留之际，他捐出了自己一半的庄园、800英镑和图书馆里的400本书给一所新大学

137、，现在位于马赛诸塞州的剑桥大学。哈佛大学的建立者决定用它第一个benefactor的名字来给这所学校命名。根据句意可知，划线部分指的是John Harvard，即该学校的第一个捐赠者。B. donor(捐赠者)符合以上说法，故选B项。【66题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Both are hoping to win election to the universitys board of overseers, from which they want to make Harvard free for all students to attend, (他们两人都希望在该学校的海外董事长选举中获胜

138、，希望哈佛大学的所有学生都能够免费上学)可知，Ralph Nader和Ron Unz希望让学生们免费上哈佛大学成为可能。C. make free education to all students at Harvard possible(让所有学生免费上哈佛大学成为可能)符合以上说法，故选C项。【67题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段的Most of these places are providing a fair amount of financial aid for students well beyond the poverty line, says Kim Rueben of the T

139、ax Policy Centre.( 税收政策中心的Kim Rueben说：“大多都数地方都为远远超过贫困线的学生提供了相当数量的财政援助。”)可推测，这些大学都在充分利用他们的捐款。A. The colleges are making full use of their donations.(大学在充分利用他们的捐款)符合以上说法，故选A项。【68题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的In addition to pointing out their generosity, most colleges also argue that forcing them to spend donation

140、 money on free tuition might even be illegal. (除了指出他们的慷慨，大多数大学还认为强迫他们把捐赠的钱花在免费学费上是非法的)可知，大多数大学认为他们不应该被强迫把捐赠的钱花在免费学费上。C. they shouldnt be forced to spend donation money on free tuition(他们不应该被强迫把捐赠的钱花在免费学费上)符合以上说法，故选C项。【69题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Mr. Unz argues that endowment-fuelled spending on new buildings

141、, sports facilities and the hiring of administrators has created an arms-race in higher education, pushing up prices at those universities that are not fortunate enough to have lots of generous benefactors.( Mr. Unz认为，花费在新的大楼、体育设施和聘用管理人员上的捐赠基金，在高等教育领域催生了一种“弹药竞赛”，推高了那些资金不足、无法得到大量慷慨捐赠者资金的大学的学费)可知，Mr.

142、Unz 认为高等教育的“弹药竞赛”会导致更高的学费。D. arms-races in higher education may lead to higher tuition fees(高等教育的“弹药竞赛”会导致更高的学费)符合以上说法，故选D项。【70题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的Last year it raised more than $1 billion. Some of its graduates think this ought to be sufficient to cancel tuition fees.(去年，它筹集了超过10亿美元。它的一些毕业生认为这

143、应该足以取消学费)和最后一段的Harvard could cancel tuition payments without damaging its finances or touching the restricted portion of its endowment, he says.(他说，只要不伤害其财务状况，不触及捐赠基金中受到限制的不份，哈佛可以取消支付学费)可知，本文主要讨论了哈佛大学该不该把收到的捐赠款用来免除学生的学费。A. Should Harvards tuition fees be canceled?(哈佛应该取消学费支付吗)可以作为本文标题，故选A项。第II卷 非选择题

144、 (两部分，共35分)第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。Reputation of the corporate kind is a strategic asset(资产) that can be employed to gain competitive advantage, a safety buffer(缓冲) that can be called upon to protect you against negative n

145、ews.The Reputation Institute has offices in 30 countries. Plenty of other organizations offer firms advice on improving their reputations, such as Perception Partners in the United States or specialized divisions within many big consultancies. And a rapidly growing number of consultancies, like Repu

146、tation Defender, give people advice on managing their reputations online. For example, they offer tips on how to push positive items up the Google ranking and neutralize(抵消)negative ones.Its easy to see why so many bosses are such eager consumers of this kind of advice. The market value of companies

147、 is increasingly determined by the things you cannot touch: their brands and their intellectual capital, for example, rather than their factories or fleets of trucks. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) can turn on a company in an instant and accuse it of racism or crimes against the environment.

148、Customers can trash its products on Twitter. Corporate giants such as Toyota and BP have seen their reputations collapse in the blink of an eye.Nevertheless, therere three objections to the reputation-management industry. The first is that it conflates(混合)many different things-from the quality of a

149、companys products to its relationship with NGOs-into a single notion of reputation. It also seems to be divided between public-relations specialists (who want to put the best possible information on the news) and corporate-social-responsibility types (who want the company to improve the world and be

150、 thanked for it).The second objection is that the industry depends on a naive(天真的)view of the power of reputation: that companies with positive reputations will find it easier to attract customers and survive crises. Its not hard to think of counter-examples. Tobacco companies make vast profits desp

151、ite their awful reputations. Everybody strongly criticizes Ryanair for its bad service and the Daily Mail for its mean-spirited journalism. But both firms are highly successful.The biggest problem with the reputation industry, however, is that the way to deal with potential threats to your reputatio

152、n is to work harder at managing your reputation. The opposite is more likely: the best strategy may be to think less about managing your reputation and concentrate more on producing the best products and services you can. Many successful companies, such as Amazon, Costco Southwest Airlines and Zappo

153、s, have been notable for their intense focus on their businesses, not for their fancy marketing. If you do your job well, customers will say nice things about you and your products.Whats in a name?Values of managing reputation Companies can get_71_ in competition through the use of strategies to man

154、age reputation. Positive reputations tend to reduce the influence of negative news.Popularity of consultancies Many organizations provide companies with advice on how to _72_up their reputations. Online reputation-management consultancies are on the sharp_73_.Reasons for bosses being eager for advic

155、e about managing reputation The market value of companies increasingly_74_ on untouchable things. Reputation is getting even_75_ to manage._76_ to the reputation-management industry It is a(n)_77_ of too many things, and it seems that opinions about it are_78_ between public-relations and corporate-

156、social-responsibility specialists. The reputation-management industry naively _79_ the success of a company to its positive reputation. The reputation industry wrongly thinks that the strategy to handle potential threats to a company is to _80_ more on its reputation instead of its product quality a

157、nd services.【答案】71. advantage(s) 72. polish 73. increase/rise 74. depends/relies 75. harder 76. Objections 77. combination 78. divided 79. owes/attributes/credits 80. concentrate/focus【解析】这是一篇议论文。现在声誉管理公司如雨后春笋一般出现在全国各地，他们教公司和个人如何管理自己名誉。但这种名誉管理真的可行吗？对此，文章提出了三个异议。【71题详解】考查名词。根据第一段的Reputation of the co

158、rporate kind is a strategic asset(资产) that can be employed to gain competitive advantage,可知，公司的声誉是一个“战略资产”，可以用来获得竞争优势。故填advantage(s)。【72题详解】考查动词。根据第二段的Plenty of other organizations offer firms advice on improving their reputations可知，许多其它这样的组织为公司提供改进的建议。即让他们的名声更好，锦上添花，故填polish。【73题详解】考查名词。根据第二段的And a

159、 rapidly growing number of consultancies, like Reputation Defender, give people advice on managing their reputations online.(越来越多像“名誉后卫”这样的咨询公司在线给人们提供管理他们声誉的建议。)可知，维护名誉的咨询公司正在不断增加。故填increase/rise。【74题详解】考查动词。根据第三段的The market value of companies is increasingly determined by the things you cannot touc

160、h: their brands and their intellectual capital, for example, rather than their factories or fleets of trucks.(公司的市场价值越来越取决于无法触及的东西：例如，他们的品牌和智力资本，而不是他们的工厂和车队)可知，公司的市场价值越来越依靠无法触及的东西。故填depends/relies。【75题详解】考查形容词。根据第三段的Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) can turn on a company in an instant and accuse

161、 it of racism or crimes against the environment. Customers can trash its products on Twitter. Corporate giants such as Toyota and BP have seen their reputations collapse in the blink of an eye.(非政府组织可以在瞬间指控一家公司种族主义或者对环境犯罪。顾客可以在推特上吐槽产品。巨头公司，例如丰田和英国石油公司的声誉在眨眼之间一落千丈)可知，现在公司的声誉变得越来越难管理。故填harder。【76题详解】考

162、查名词。根据第四段的Nevertheless, therere three objections to the reputation-management industry.(然而对于声誉管理有三个异议。)及下文内容可知，下文主要陈述对声誉管理的三个异议。故填Objections 。【77题详解】考查名词。根据第四段的The first is that it conflates(混合)many different things-from the quality of a companys products to its relationship with NGOs-into a single

163、notion of reputation.(首先，它将很多不同的东西混合成了一个单一的概念“声誉”从一个公司产品的质量到非政府组织的关系)可知，第一个异议是认为声誉是很多东西的结合。故填combination。【78题详解】考查动词。根据第四段的It also seems to be divided between public-relations specialists and corporate-social-responsibility types可知，名誉似乎被分成了公共关系专家和社会责任企业两种类型。由are判断此处是被动语态，故填divided。【79题详解】考查动词。根据倒数第二

164、段的The second objection is that the industry depends on a naive(天真的)view of the power of reputation: that companies with positive reputations will find it easier to attract customers and survive crises.(第二个异议是，名誉公司依靠一个天真的观点名誉力量，即公司具有积极的声誉会更容易吸引顾客，和在危机中幸存)可知，名誉公司把一个企业的成功天真地归功于它积极的名声。此处考查短语“归功于”故填owes/

165、attributes/credits 。【80题详解】考查动词。根据最后一段的The biggest problem with the reputation industry, however, is that the way to deal with potential threats to your reputation is to work harder at managing your reputation.(然而，声誉行业最大的问题是，应对声誉问题的潜在方法是更努力地管理自己的声誉)可知，声誉行业认为当声誉出现问题时，应该更加集中精力管理声誉。此处考查短语“集中在上”。故填conce

166、ntrate/focus。81.“Please put your phone down Daddy, we havent finished the story!” Hearing these heartfelt words from my four-year-old daughter was an uncomfortable wake-up call. How had I let the shiny electronic box in my hand take so much of my attention that it could even interrupt a short bedtim

167、e story with my precious children?Its no exaggeration to suggest that our mobile devices are in danger of taking over our entire lives. Time magazine found that 68% of users take their devices to bed with them, 20% check their phones every ten minutes and one third report feeling anxious when briefl

168、y separated from their beloved gadget. According to Osterman research, 79% of respondents take their work-related device on vacation and 33% admit to hiding from family and friends in order to check Facebook and Twitter. Its hard to deny that these are worrying trends.【写作内容】1.用大约30字概括上文和图表的主要内容；2.结合

169、上述信息，用大约120字论述：(1)科技的发展是否意味着人们生活更幸福。（选择“是”或“否”并论述你的观点）(2)你认为在生活中应当如何处理人和科技的关系。【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】One possible version:A fathers concern that smartphone is depriving him of his precious family time does not stand alone. Favorable opinions

170、 as there are, the majority of Americans today view technology as hazardous. (31 words)【选“是”】However, no pains, no gains. The world evolves as human technology leaps forward, along whose process there is bound to be sacrifices. The definition of happiness may vary, but a more connected, convenient,

171、and creative society is undeniably nothing a modern man wouldnt have desired. With digital devices booming around, we are given so many choices that our minds have been freed to a degree our ancestors could never anticipated.That being said, to make sure technology doesnt get in the way, you need to

172、 unplug from the information highway and share your journey with your family and friends from time to time. A balance between man and computers will lead to an ultimate happiness. (115 words)【选“否”】True, a high-tech world seems a new Eden, but it wont last any longer than the old one. Putting down th

173、eir phones, lifting up their misty eyes, and waking up at night, people suddenly realize that, with all their family living by, they are alone. Children forgot how and why they should return their parents love because it were never given; classic literature is left rotten on the shelves because no o

174、ne bothers to look away from their screen.To stop yourself getting “high” instead of “happy”, read a book, go outdoors, or simply pay a visit to your parents. There are things to pursue in life other than thumbing up tweets. Enjoy a tech-free day and see what real happiness means. (122 words)【解析】首先要

175、认真阅读前面的英文提示和汉语提示，认真审题，确定文章的中心，用最简练的语言概括文章的大意。然后再根据文章内容发表自己的观点。内容包括：(1)科技的发展是否意味着人们生活更幸福。(2)你认为在生活中应当如何处理人和科技的关系。写作过程中可以发表个人观点，但必须提供理由或论据；阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接引用原文语句，一定要用自己的语言，正确的英语把给出的要点准确表达出来。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要富有变化。要注意书写，认真查验是否有漏写情况等。写作亮点：本篇条理清楚，要点全面，结构连贯。其句式上的变化既使得文章生动而流畅，也体现了作者驾驭句式的能力。例如：文章运用了谚语no pains, no gains；和含有定语从句的句子but a more connected, convenient, and creative society is undeniably nothing a modem man wouldnt have desired.以及短语deprive sb. of等。