2019高考英语浙江选考二轮增分策略精致讲义：专题一 第二部分 基础语法 第9节 WORD版含答案.docx

1、第9节特殊句式【单句语法填空】1It could be anythinggardening，cooking，music，sportsbut whatever it is， (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.(2016全国)答案make解析考查祈使句中的动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为祈使句，故谓语动词应使用动词原形。2There (be) three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.(真题改编)答案a

2、re解析根据句子结构来判断，此处应为There be句型，意为“有”。句意为：在上午有三节课，下午有两节课。故填are。名师点津：特殊句式在语法填空中的审题要诀：固定句式很重要，标记词汇要记牢。强调句中看句式，出现it is/was要盯梢。副词置于句首时，否定意义风向标。考点一强调句1强调句的基本句型是“It is/was被强调部分that/who其他部分”。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语等。2强调句的特殊句式强调句的特殊句式结构构成一般疑问句Is/Was it被强调部分that/who句子其他部分？特殊疑问句特殊疑问词is/was itthat句子其他部分？not until句式It is

3、/was not until.that句子其他部分。not.but.句式It is not.that.，but./It is not.but.that.例1You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.答案that解析句意为：你等错地方了。长途客车是在宾馆接的游客。原句去掉it is及填空处后仍是一个完整的句子，因此是一个强调句，填that。考点二倒装1不要把全部倒装误用作部分倒装。(1)当表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首时，句子用全部倒装。(2)当作表语的介词短语、形

4、容词、副词或分词置于句首时，句子用全部倒装。(3)直接引语置于句首时，句子也用全部倒装。2不要把部分倒装误用作全部倒装。(1)当否定词以及由no构成的否定短语置于句首时用部分倒装。(2)当“only状语(从句)”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。(3)在so/such .that .句式中，当“so形容词/副词”或“such名词”位于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。(4)当as/though表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句时用部分倒装。(though引导的让步状语从句也可以不倒装)(5)在含有had/were/should的if虚拟条件句中，可以省略if，将had/were/should放在主语前

5、，构成部分倒装。(6)当表示前面所说的肯定(或否定)情况也适用于另一个人或事物时，常用“so(或neither/nor)be动词/助动词/情态动词主语”，表示“也是(或也不)”。例2Not until then I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.We should avoid hurting others if we cant always be encouraging when we speak.答案did解析not until引导的状语置于句首，主句要部分倒装。根据题干可知本句原为I d

6、idnt realize words could be powerful.until then.如果要倒装，则为Not until then did I realize words could be powerful.。因此要填did。考点三There be及其他特殊结构1不要把there be句型误用作there have/has。2在一些固定句式中，不要把there be中的there误用作it。常见的there be句型有：There is no need/doubt/possibility/sense/point/.等。3状语从句的省略：当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为i

7、t，且从句谓语动词含有be动词时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。4if条件句的省略：用so或not代替上文内容，此时可用“if so/not”省略句式。其他类似结构还有if ever，if any，if possible等。例3There (be) a big library in our school.答案is解析句意为：我们学校有一个很大的图书馆。这里用there be句型，表示“有，存在”。没有there have/has句型。.单句语法填空1Was Bill，who played basketball very well， helped the blind man cross the

8、 road?Yes，of course.He is always ready to help others.答案it；that解析句意为：比尔篮球打得非常好。是他帮助那个盲人过马路的吗？是的，当然是。他总是乐意帮助别人。第一句为强调句的一般疑问句形式，即Is/Was it被强调部分that其他成分？ 2It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common.答案that解析强调的内容是not until引导的时间状语从句。句意为：我们在一起几周后，我才发现我们之间有

9、很多共同之处。3It rained heavily overnight and not until this morning it stop.答案did解析句意为：大雨下了一整夜，直到今天早晨才停了下来。not until.置于句首，后面的句子需用倒装形式，本句介绍的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故设空处填did。4Try hard I might，I can attach no definite meaning to this rather complicated sentence.答案as/though解析根据句子结构可知本题考查as/though引导让步状语从句引起的倒装。其中的名词/形

10、容词/副词/动词提前。句意为：尽管我尽力去做，我仍不能明确这个复杂句子的含义。5 in this way will you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time properly.答案Only解析句意为：只有用这种方法你才会知道如何安排你的时间以及如何正确使用你的时间。“Only状语”置于句首时，后面的句子用部分倒装。6Just in front of our house (stand) a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years.答案stands/stood解析表示地点的介词短语Jus

11、t in front of our house置于句首，且句子的主语为名词，故句子要完全倒装，即主语a tall tree要放在谓语之后，本空填stands或stood。7There is a house near the river.There lives a man in the house and there (be) a lot of fish in the river.答案are解析此处表示河里有很多鱼。此处fish指的是鱼不是鱼肉，fish单复数同形，故谓语动词用复数are。8Some of you may have finished Unit One.If ，you can go

12、 on to Unit Two.答案so解析代替上面的情况，用so；if so如果这样的话。句意为：你们中的一些人已经完成了第一单元。如果这样的话，你们可以继续第二单元。9Only after talking to two students (do) I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.答案did解析句意为：在与两位学生谈过之后我才发现，有强烈的动机是实现目标的最大的因素之一。“Only状语”位于句首，句子要部分倒装。根据句子的时态，应填did。10Vi

13、deo games can be a poor influence if (leave) in the wrong hands.答案left解析句意为：电子游戏如果使用不当就会产生不良影响。leave与其逻辑主语video games之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。if left.是状语从句的省略形式。故应填left。.语法填空倒装专练There 11. (be) a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly and lazy daughters.Not only did they get good cares，but also

14、they needed to do nothing.However,12. by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get access to food；and seldom could she 13. (gain) some rest.Not 14. midnight was she allowed to go to bed.Poor 15. she was，she was very beautiful.One day，from the palace came 16. invitation，saying that the prince would

15、choose his wife.Away went her stepmother and her stepsisters to the palace.Never had Cinderella 17. (be) permitted to go with them.“18. (be) I a princess，I would live a whole new life！” sighed Cinderella.No sooner had she sat down than a goddess appeared and gave her a smart dress，a cargo as well as

16、 horses.But she warned Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 oclock.When Cinderella arrived at the party,19. attractive was Cinderella that the prince only danced with her.Hardly had the clock stricken twelve when Cinderella began to run，and she left a crystal slipper on the stair.The pri

17、nces servant came to Cinderellas to find out the owner of the slipper.Cinderellas elder sister couldnt wear it.20. could another sister.Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly.From then on she lived happily ever after with her prince.语篇解读灰姑娘每天都要做很多家务，而继母和她的女儿则整日欺负灰姑娘。

18、王子举行选妃舞会，灰姑娘在仙女的帮助下，漂漂亮亮地参加了舞会，并最终嫁给了王子。11答案was解析此处是there be句型，主语为a girl，根据文章时态可知用过去时。故填was。12答案only解析从could Cinderella get这一部分倒装可以推断，前面是“only状语(介词短语)”。13答案gain解析因seldom否定词放句首时，句子需要部分倒装，有情态动词could提到主语前面了，因此gain用动词原形。14答案until解析not until.置于句首时，用部分倒装。句意为：直到半夜，她才被允许睡觉。15答案as/though解析因其表语poor提前，故用as/tho

19、ugh引导让步状语从句。16答案an解析作地点状语的介词短语from the palace提前，句子用完全倒装，invitation(请柬)作主语，因其以元音音素开头，故前面用不定冠词an。17答案been解析因否定词放句首时，句子需要部分倒装；这是过去完成时的被动语态，故填been。 18答案Were解析此处的Were I.If I were.表示与现在事实相反的假设。19答案so解析so.that.如此以至于，是固定句式。“so形容词”置于句首，句子用部分倒装。20答案Neither/Nor解析灰姑娘的一个姐姐不适合，另一个姐姐也不适合，用neither/nor表示前面所述的一件事也不适合

20、另一个人或物。专题强化练(十).语法填空1(2018湖南长沙重点中学盟校联考) Located in the northwest of Hunan Province，about 300 kilometers away from Changsha，capital of Hunan，Zhangjiajie,1. covers a total area of 9,563 square kilometers，is a tourist city for its unique natural scenery and abundant tourism resources.Zhangjiajie 2. (aw

21、ard) the title of “World Geological Park” in 2004.3. (actual)，Zhangjiajie，honored as “the most fantastic mountain under heaven” and “a walking Chinese landscape painting”，is also widely praised as “4. enlarged potted landscaping” “a mini fairyland” and “a maze(迷宫) of nature”，attracting a growing num

22、ber of tourists 5. home and abroad.Since it was discovered in the 1980s，tourism industry 6. (become) the leading industry in Zhangjiajie，which has stimulated the development of other industries 7. (relate) to tourism.At the same time，eco-tourism has been developed rapidly in Zhangjiajie.When you com

23、e to Zhangjiajie，you can fully appreciate 8. (it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk custom as well as other thrilling tourist 9. (activity)，and you will be deeply impressed by 10. is performed by the minorities there.It must be an exciting，joyful and unforgettable tour to Zha

24、ngjiajie.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湖南张家界的地理位置、荣誉称号、旅游业的发展等情况。1答案which解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Zhangjiajie，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which。2答案was awarded解析考查动词的时态和语态。主语Zhangjiajie和动词award之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据该句中的时间状语“in 2004”可知，应用一般过去时。3答案Actually解析考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，故用副词形式。4答案an解析考查冠词。此处泛指“一幅放大的缩略风景画”，空后的enlarged以元音音素开

25、头，故用不定冠词an。5答案from/at解析考查介词。这里指“吸引了来自国内外的大量游客”，故用from或at。6答案has become解析考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“Since”可知，空处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。7答案related解析考查非谓语动词。名词industries和动词relate之间是被动关系，且be related to为固定搭配，故用过去分词作名词的后置定语。8答案its解析考查代词。根据该句中的“magnificent natural scenery”可知，应用形容词性物主代词its。9答案activities解析考查名词的单复数。张家界景点的旅

26、游活动有多种，故用复数形式。10答案what解析考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语，且空处在从句中作主语，故用what。2(2018贵州安顺高三期末)Chinese anti-corruption(反腐败) TV series，In the Name of the People，has really captured great popularity.Some people call it “Chinese House of Cards”，11. (compare) with the American political drama House of Cards

27、.The drama，which 12. (base) on the novel of the same name，shows a deep reflection on the fight 13. corruption.What makes In the Name of the People unusual is not only how 14. (direct) it describes the ugly side of Chinese politics，but also that it has the 15. (permit) of the countrys top officials o

28、ffice.The Chinese government in 2004 decided 16. (limit) the production of such dramas because too many were of poor quality.But since Chinese President Xi Jinping took power in 2012，anti-corruption dramas 17. (become) increasingly popular.People of all ages love it.“There are two aspects about In t

29、he Name of the People 18. we should pay attention to.First，the cast includes 19. number of skilled actors and actresses.Second，shooting an anti-corruption show under the current system is like 20. (try) to dance wrapped in chains.Therefore，it is much more difficult to create such a drama than it is

30、for other kinds.” a netizen wrote in a review on Douban.语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文，对中国热播的一部反腐剧人民的名义进行了评论，指出这是一部敢于正面揭露当今社会政治黑暗面的正剧，对打击腐败起到了积极作用。11答案compared解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：一些人将人民的名义与美国的政治剧纸牌屋作比较，称之为中国的纸牌屋。这里人民的名义有被比较的意思(被动)，应用compare的过去分词形式，即compared。12答案is based解析考查动词的时态和语态。本句是which引导的定语从句修饰前面的drama，从句中which作主语指代d

31、rama，后面be based on(根据)为固定搭配，意为“这部剧根据同名小说改编”，这里which后应使用第三人称单数，因此答案为is based。13答案against解析考查介词。前文提到人民的名义是一部主题为anti-corruption(反腐败) 的政治剧，这里应该用fight against(对抗，与作斗争) corruption 。14答案directly解析考查副词。句意为：人民的名义之所以如此不同寻常，不仅因为它非常直接地揭露了中国政治的黑暗面，而且因为它获得了当局政府的播放许可。这里direct(直接)用来修饰后面的动词describes，用其副词形式directly。1

32、5答案permission解析考查名词。由上题解析可知，这里表示“获得许可”，应用permit的名词形式permission。16答案to limit解析考查非谓语动词。这里decide to do sth.(决定做某事)为固定搭配，因此用动词不定式to limit。17答案have become解析考查动词的时态。句意为：自从2012年中国国家主席习近平上台以来，反腐剧变得越来越流行。本句是since引导的时间状语从句，从句动词take用一般过去时took，主句动词become用现在完成时，且主句主语dramas为复数形式，故用have become。18答案that/which解析考查定语

33、从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词two aspects，并在从句中作pay attention to的宾语，故用that或which。19答案a解析考查冠词。句意为：第一，这部剧有很多(a number of)实力派演员参演。a number of固定搭配，意为“很多”。20答案trying解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：拍摄反腐剧就像被锁在铁链里跳舞一样。这里like表示“像”的意思，后面跟名词或动名词，因此用try的动名词形式trying。.阅读理解A(2018河南六市第一次联考)To make room for agriculture，trees and oth

34、er plants are often cleared away so that farmers have space to grow crops.The clearing of forests forces many animals away from their homes.They often flee the area in search of a new place to live.There is a big downside to that.Some of those animals are natural predators.They control pest populati

35、ons.They can help to clear the fields of rats，mice，and other rodents that eat and damage crops.This happened at one small farming village in Indonesia.After land was cleared for farming，rats and mice began appearing in large numbers.Villagers tried to target the animals by smoking them out and hunti

36、ng them.But the villagers were unsuccessful.So，one farmer decided to try another methoda natural one.Pujo Arto brought owls to his farm.Owls，after all，are experts at hunting rodents.It is what they do.And it worked! However，Pujo Arto didnt stop with his own field.He set up a Natural Predator Program

37、.Now，owls are busy catching rats and mice in the fields around the village of Tlogoweru.There is a huge upside：no need for chemical pesticides which can harm not only rodents，but other creatures.In 2011，the Indonesian man began setting up boxes where the owls live.He is also raising owlets in the vi

38、llage.After about four months，the young birds are released.These facilities have raised more than owls.They have also raised awareness in the community about the importance of owls.They raised awareness within their community by building homes for those owls.At the same time，government officials hel

39、ped to create laws to protect those owls.In addition to controlling pests naturally，there is another upside to the program.His village is now a popular stop for eco-tourists.People interested in learning more about owls，wildlife protection and natural pest control come to his village to learn more.语

40、篇解读文章讲述了印度尼西亚一个村庄里实施自然捕食者计划，利用猫头鹰消灭老鼠等啮齿类动物的故事，说明了利用生态控制害虫的好处。21Why did the owls get away from the land around the village?AThere was no food to eat.BThere were too many rats and mice.CThey were smoked away.DThey had no place to live.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The clearing of forests forces many animals awa

41、y from their homes.They often flee the area in search of a new place to live.”可知，为了发展农业人们砍伐树木，森林的消失迫使猫头鹰等许多动物离开家园，去寻找新的居住地。故选D。22Natural Predator Program is .Ato use owls to catch the crop-damaging rodentsBto attract eco-tourists to the villageCto raise awareness of protecting forestsDto control pes

42、ts by using chemical pesticides答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He set up a Natural Predator Program.Now，owls are busy catching rats and mice in the fields around the village of Tlogoweru.”可知，自然捕食者计划指的是借助猫头鹰来捕杀老鼠等破坏庄稼的啮齿类动物，故选A。23Which of the following is the RIGHT order according to the passage?aintroducing owls

43、bpests being controlled naturallycrodents appearing in large numbersdclearing forestsAa，b，c，d Bb，c，d，aCd，c，a，b Dd，a，b，c答案C解析细节排序题。根据文章内容可知，为了发展农业人们砍伐树木，啮齿类动物破坏庄稼，通过引进啮齿类动物的天敌猫头鹰，害虫被自然控制。根据发生的先后顺序可知选C。24What is the main idea of the passage?AThe importance of protecting owls.BIndonesian village uses o

44、wls to protect crops.CThe advantages of using natural predators in agriculture.DThe governments role in using owls to control pests.答案B解析主旨大意题。文章讲述了印度尼西亚一个村庄里实施自然捕食者计划，利用猫头鹰消灭老鼠等啮齿类动物的故事，说明了利用生态控制害虫的好处。故选B。BAn egg sinks to the bottom if you drop it into a glass of ordinary drinking water but what ha

45、ppens if you add salt？The results are very interesting and can teach you some fun facts about density(密度)What youll need：One eggWaterSaltA tall drinking glassInstructions：Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.Mix in lots of salt (about 6 tablespoons)Carefully pour in plain water unti

46、l the glass is nearly full (be careful not to mix the salt water with the plain water)Gently lower the egg into the water and watch what happens.Whats happening?Salt water is denser than ordinary tap water.The denser the liquid is，the easier it is for an object to float in it.When you lower the egg

47、into the liquid it drops through the normal tap water until it reaches the salt water，and at this point the water is dense enough for the egg to float.If you were careful when you added the tap water to the salt water，they would not mix，enabling the egg to amazingly float in the middle of the glass.

48、25Which of the following is the CORRECT order?Mix in lots of salt.Gently lower the egg into the water.Carefully pour in plain water until the glass is nearly full.Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.A BC D答案B解析细节排序题。根据Instructions部分中的“Pour water into the glass until it is about hal

49、f full.”和“Gently lower the egg into the water and watch what happens.”可知，往杯子里倒半杯水是第一个步骤，而轻轻把鸡蛋放进水里，观察结果是最后一个步骤，故选B。26What will happen if you drop an egg into a glass of water with about 6 tablespoons of salt?AIt will float in the water.BIt will sink to the bottom.CNothing will happen.DThe result is

50、not known.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The denser the liquid is，the easier it is for an object to float in it.”和最后一句“If you were careful when you added the tap water to the salt water，they would not mix，enabling the egg to amazingly float in the middle of the glass.”可推知，鸡蛋放入盐水里会浮起来。27Why can the egg float in

51、 the water according to the passage?ABecause ordinary tap water is denser than salt water.BBecause ordinary tap water is as dense as salt water.CBecause the denser the liquid is，the easier it is for an object to float in it.DBecause the more the liquid there is，the easier it is for an object to floa

52、t in it.答案C解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Salt water is denser than ordinary tap water.The denser the liquid is，the easier it is for an object to float in it.”可知，液体的密度越大，物体越容易漂浮，而鸡蛋能够在盐水中浮起来是因为盐水的密度大，故选C。.七选五(2018江西新余二模)Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance.But in fact，a lo

53、t of guys spend plenty of time in front of the mirror.They care just as much as girls do about their body image.Body image is a persons opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. 28 You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections. 29 Here are

54、some ideas.Recognize your strengths.Different body types are good for different things.What does your body do well？Maybe your speed，strength，or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport.That may be basketball，table tennis，mountain biking，dancing，or even running.Or perhaps you have

55、 non-sports skills，like drawing，painting，singing，playing a musical instrument，writing，or acting. 30 Exercise regularly.Exercise can help you look well and feel good about yourself.Good physiques(体形) dont just happen. 31 A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a

56、 week.Working out can also lift your spirits.Respect your body.Practicing good habits-regular showering；taking care of your teeth，hair，and skin；wearing clean clothes，and so oncan help you build a positive body image. 32 Your body is just one part of who you are.Your talent for comedy，a quick wit(智慧)

57、，and all the other things make you unique.So try not to let small imperfections take over.ABe yourself.BJust explore talents that you feel good about.CSo，what can you do to develop a positive body image?DUse this as an opportunity to discover what youre good at.EThe good news is that self-image and

58、body image can be changed.FThey take hard work，regular workouts，and a healthy diet.GHaving a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look.语篇解读男孩其实和女孩一样很在意自己的形象，本文就如何才能有好的形象提出了几点建议。28答案G解析空前的意思是：身体形象是一个人对自己的身体和面貌特征的看法和想法。空后的意思是：你欣赏你身体的能力并接受它的不足。所以这里选G(有积极的体象意味着我们对于自己的长相是满意的。)与上下文一致。29答案C解析空后的意思是：这里有一些建议。所以这里选C(所以为了发展一个健康的形象你可以做什么？)与上下文一致。30答案B解析空前的意思是：或许你有非运动技巧，像画画、唱歌、玩乐器、写作或者表演。所以这里选B(只需探索你感觉好的天赋。)与上下文一致。31答案F解析空前的意思是：好的身材不会凭空就会有。空后的意思是：健康的习惯是像一周三天二十分钟到一个小时的锻炼时间这样简单。所以这里选F(好的身体需要努力、有规律的锻炼和健康的饮食。)与上下文一致。32答案A解析该空为段落小标题。空后的意思是：你的身体只是你自己的一部分。不要被一些小缺点所掌控。所以这里选A(做你自己。)与上下文一致。