2022版新教材英语人教版选择性必修第二册学案：UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS SECTION Ⅱ LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE WORD版含答案.docx

1、Section Learning About Language（表语从句）情境创设语法精讲教材链接1. （教材P2） One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2. （教材P5） You may not believe it, but that was what happened at the initial stage of our groups research on developing a vaccine for malaria.3. （教材P5） What Snow was determined to find out was wh

2、y the 1854 outbreak of cholera in London could have caused over 500 deaths within ten days.4. （教材P5） We realised that what we cared about was not what aspect we needed to develop a theory in, but rather how we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing is effect!观察并归纳：1. 所有例句中的黑体部分都位于系动词be 后，

3、作表语，故都是表语从句，这些表语从句在词性上相当于一个名词。2. 句（1）由从属连词 that 引导；句（2）由连接代词 what 引导；句（3）由连接副词 why 引导；句（4）由连接代词 what 引导。要点精析表语从句放在系动词（也称连系动词）之后，充当复合句中的表语。表语从句就是指一个句子作为表语，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。一般结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。类别引导词用法从属连词that只起连接作用，不作句子成分, 无实际意义whether只起连接作用, 不作句子成分，意为“是否”，不能用if替换连接代词who,

4、 what, whom, whose, which 等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等连接副词when, where, why, how等在从句中作状语其他连词because主句主语一般不用 reasonas if/as though表语从句表示的情况发生的可能性较小时，常用虚拟语气1. 由连接词that, whether引导的表语从句从属连词that的用法：无意义；不充当成分。而whether有词义，意为“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如 question, trouble, problem, result, chance, suggestion, idea, reason 等。表语从

5、句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed.他缺席的原因是他没被通知。The point is whether we should lend him the money.关键在于我们是否应该借钱给他。What she couldnt understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.她不能理解的是越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣。误区警示if不能引导表语从句。2. 由连接代词引导

6、的表语从句在连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose等引导的表语从句中，连接代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，并且不能省略。The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。Thats what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。Thats what we should do.那是我们应该做的。3. 由连接副词引导的表语从句在连接副词 when, where, why, how 等引导的表语从句中

7、，连接副词在从句中作状语。Go and get your coat. Its where you left it.去把衣服拿来。就在你原来放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats why I got wet through.我既没雨衣也没伞。那就是我湿透的原因。That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠每年是怎样损害大量粮食的。4. 由从属连词because, as if/as though等引导的表语从句It looked as if it was go

8、ing to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。Thats because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。It seems as though he didnt know the answer.好像他不知道答案。易混辨析why 和 because 引导的表语从句的区别Thats why.意为“那是的原因”，强调结果Thats because.意为“那是因为”强调原因I didnt phone her, and thats why she got angry with me. （强调“没打电话”这一结果）我没有给她打电话。那就是她对我生气的原因。I didn

9、t phone her, and thats because I got angry with her. （强调“生气”这一原因）我没有给她打电话。那是因为我生她的气了。误区警示reason 作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用 that 引导，不宜用 because。5. 表语从句中的虚拟语气在表语从句中，表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是：advice, suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea等, 从句谓语形式是“should+动词原形”（should可以省略）。My advice is that you（shoul

10、d) practise speaking English as often as possible.我的建议是你（应该）尽可能多地练习说英语。My suggestion is that we should tell him.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。实战演练.单句填空1. He got caught in the heavy traffic. That was why he was late. 2. Energy is what makes things work. 3. We didnt set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our

11、mother came back.4. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust. 5. A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not what ships are built for.6. The trouble is that I cant find my way.7. What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.8.

12、The reason why I was sad was that he didnt understand me.9. That is what we are looking forward to.10. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.11. Thats where I first met her, the small beautiful park.12. His sole requirement was that the system work.13. The first time we met each other wa

13、s when we studied in that school.14. There is no doubt that thats why I object to the plan.完成句子1. 困难是我们资金短缺。The trouble is that we are short of money .2. 这就是新英格兰牧场用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.3. 听起来好像有人在敲门。It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door .4. 当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。At that time, it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.5. 问题是她把他的钱弄丢了。The trouble is that she has lost his money .6. 问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。The question is whether we need more ice cream .