29 乡村振兴 2022年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练.docx

1、29 乡村振兴2022年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练背景事件2021年中央一号文件提出全面推进乡村振兴新华社2021-02-22 09:112021年中央一号文件21日正式发布文件提出全面推进乡村振兴，加快农业农村现代化。这是21世纪以来第18个指导“三农”工作的中央一号文件。凸显了新发展阶段党中央对农业农村工作的高度重视。“十三五”时期现代农业建设取得重大进展，乡村振兴实现良好开局。“十四五”时期是开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的第一个五年。民族要复兴 乡村必振兴。党中央认为新发展阶段“三农”工作依然极端重要。要坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作重中之重，把

2、全面推进乡村振兴作为实现中华民族伟大复兴的一项重大任务。举全党全社会之力加快农业农村现代化，让广大农民过上更加美好的生活。为此，文件明确实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接，加快推进农业现代化。一、阅读单选Do you like potato chips? Can you imagine someone putting off graduation just to make them? This is exactly what happened with Du Haotian, a student from Shaanxi province. The potato chips Du is

3、 making are called guoba, usually made of millet rice（小米）, but here Du chose colored potatoes as the ingredients（原料）. Zhenba, in the south of Shaanxi, has been trying to sell high-quality（质量）potatoes. But the sales are at a low level. Du, a student of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, t

4、ogether with his team, introduced colorful potatoes and made them into crispy, fried potato snacks. After trying again and again, it gradually turned into a popular snack at Dus university. At the end of last year, Dus team set up their own factory in the village to plant and produce the snacks loca

5、lly. At the beginning of this year, the production line was put into use. However, while helping the local community, Du was under pressure to graduate. Although he was supposed to graduate in June 2020, Du offered to put off graduation for one year. Du said the production line project was still on

6、the way and he wanted to live up to the expectations of the villagers. “A lot of my friends and teachers told me not to do that. But if the factory is built but does not run well, it would be against my original intention（初心）.” Finally, Dus teacher supported him. Recently, Dus potato snacks took par

7、t in a college food competition. His product was once in the first place with the support of many local villagers, which touched Du. “Rural revitalization（乡村振兴）depends on industrial revitalization. I want to make an effort with my hard work in this process.”1Whats Dus guoba made of?Amillet riceBcris

8、py cornCsweet potatoesDcolorful potatoes2How did Dus team help potato sales in Zhenba?AThey planted high-quality potatoes.BThey produced a new potato snack.CThey sold potatoes in the university.DThey helped protect the environment.3The time order of the following sentences is _. Du decided to put of

9、f graduation. Dus team set up their own factory. Dus snacks became popular at his university.ABCD4Whats the meaning of “live up to” according to paragraph 3?A达到B依赖C调查D尊敬5Which saying can express the spirit of the passage?AIts never too old to learn.BHard work paints a bright color for a young life.C

10、A good beginning is half done.DTreat others in the way you want to be treated.【答案】1-5DBCAB【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了大学生杜好田创造了锅巴这款零食，但是因为创业，他不得不推迟毕业的故事。1细节理解题。根据“but here Du chose colored potatoes as the ingredients”可知，他用了有颜色的土豆作为配料。故选D。2细节理解题。根据“together with his team, introduced colorful potatoes and made

11、them into crispy, fried potato snacks.”可知，他的团队在镇巴研发出了锅巴这款零食。故选B。3细节理解题。根据“it gradually turned into a popular snack at Dus university”可知，首先锅巴在大学里成为了受欢迎的零食；再根据“Dus team set up their own factory in the village to plant and produce the snacks locally”可知，其次他的团队创建了自己的工厂；再根据“Du offered to put off graduatio

12、n for one year.”可知，最后杜好田决定推迟毕业。故选C。4词义猜测题。根据“Du said the production line project was still on the way and he wanted to live up to the expectations of the villagers.”可知，生产项目仍在进行中，他希望live up to村民们的期望，故推测live up to是达到的意思。故选A。5推理判断题。根据“I want to make an effort with my hard work in this process.”可知，本文主要讲

13、述了大学生杜好田努力创业，研发出锅巴这款零食，为了创业，不得不推迟毕业的故事，所以故事表达了努力创业，努力工作的精神。故选B。二、阅读还原6选5请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。Poverty(贫困) is a big problem around the world. 6 On Feb 25, President Xi Jinping announced that China has made a “complete victory” in the fight against poverty.

14、 Over the past eight years, the last 98.99 million people have shaken off poverty, which was one of the goals of the 13th Five-Year Plan in China. Besides, China has helped end 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s, according to the World Bank. 7 Such great achievements have caught th

15、e eyes of the world. How did China make it? 8 Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Since 2015, 3 million officers from governments, state-owned companies, and public organizations have also be

16、en sent to rural areas.9 Zhang Guimei is one of them. She set up a free senior high school for girls and helped them go to college. Mao Xianglin led the villagers to build the road although it was hard.Shaking off poverty is not the end, but the starting point of a new life. This year, the National

17、Administration for Rural Revitalization(国家乡村振兴局) was set up. 10 Hopefully, there will be strong businesses, a pleasant living environment, and a civilized atmosphere(文明的氛围).AIt found its own way to fight poverty.BEven common people have played an important role in fighting poverty.CIts goal is to fu

18、lly develop the countryside.DIn fact, China met the goal listed in the United Nations 2030 Plan ahead of time.E.There is still a long way to go.F.But China has done a good job of dealing with it.【答案】6-10FDABC【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国达成了减贫计划，并成立了旨在全面发展农村的国家乡村振兴局。6根据下文“On Feb 25, President Xi Jinping announc

19、ed that China has made a “complete victory” in the fight against poverty”可知，国家很好地解决了贫困这一问题。F选项“但中国在应对这一问题上做得很好”符合语境，故选F。7根据上文“Besides, China has helped end 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s, according to the World Bank”可知，此处在说中国减贫对世界的意义。D选项“事实上，中国已经提前实现了联合国2030年规划中所列的目标”符合语境，故选D。8

20、根据下文“Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people ”可知，此处在介绍中国的减贫方法。A选项“中国找到了自己的脱贫之路”符合语境，故选A。9根据下文“Zhang Guimei is one of them”可知，此处说的是普通人也参与到了减贫的项目中。B选项“就连老百姓也在扶贫中发挥了重要作用”符合语境，故选B。10根据上文“This year, the National Administration for Rural Revitalization(国家乡村振兴局) was set

21、up”可知。此处是在介绍国家乡村振兴局的目标。C选项“它的目标是全面发展农村” 符合语境，故选C。三、短文综合填空 Last month, a restaurant selling Shaxian snacks 11 （open） in the United States. It was 12 popular that all of its dishes sold out within three hours on the first day it was open. Shaxian snacks come from Shaxian County in Fujian province, sel

22、ling local food from Shaxian. The most 13 /fems/ ones are peanut butter 14 （noodle） and pork wontons. There are also many other dishes to 15 /tu:z/ from. Some are 16 （tradition）, while others are new. But the thing they have in common is that no dishes are 17 /kspensv/. That might be 18 they are ver

23、y popular. Recently its the first time for President XiJinpin to visit Shaxian snacks that have got the basic achievements, but you should go 19 exploring and improving. “Now you are 20 （need） to revitalize the urbanized rural areas（城市化乡村振兴）. This is called coming into being. I hope youll make persi

24、stent efforts.” He says.【答案】11opened 12so 13Famous 14noodles 15choose16traditional 17expensive 18why 19on 20needed【分析】本文介绍了沙县小吃，它在美国很受欢迎，近日习近平主席参观沙县小吃，希望继续探索和改进，沙县小吃为城市化乡村振兴再接再厉。11句意：上个月，一家出售沙县小吃的餐馆在美国开业了。根据时间“Last month”可知此句时态使用一般过去时。故填opened。12句意：它很受欢迎，开张的第一天，所有的菜在三个小时内就卖完了。本句是sothat引导的结果状语从句，其结构为

25、“so+形容词+that+从句”，故填so。13句意：最有名的是花生酱面和猪肉馄饨。famous /fems/著名的，多音节形容词，最高级是the most famous；故填famous。14句意：最有名的是花生酱面和猪肉馄饨。此处泛指面条，可数名词复数表示泛指此类事物，noodle面条可数名词，其复数是noodles。故填noodles。15句意：还有许多其他菜可供选择。根据“to”可知空格处使用动词原形，是动词不定式作定语；choose /tu:z/ 选择，动词；故填choose。16句意：有些是传统的，有些是新的。空格处作表语，使用形容词；tradition传统，名词，其形容词是tra

26、ditional。故填traditional。17句意：但他们的共同点是，没有菜是昂贵的。空格处作表语，使用形容词；expensive/kspensv/昂贵的，形容词；故填expensive。18句意：这可能就是他们很受欢迎的原因。根据上文“But the thing they have in common is that no dishes are expensive.”可知不贵是沙县小吃受欢迎的原因。由此可知，本句是why引导的表语从句；故填why。19句意：近日，习近平主席首次参观沙县小吃，虽然已经取得了基本的成绩，但你们还是要继续探索和改进。go on继续，固定短语。根据“have g

27、ot the basic achievements, but you should goexploring and improving”可知需要继续探索和改进。故填on。20句意：现在需要你们城市化乡村振兴。根据句意和语境可知主语you和动词need是被动关系，此句是被动语态，其构成是be+动词的过去分词。故填needed。四、完成句子21在未来，人们将会在乡村建更多的高楼。_ _ _， people _ _more tall buildings in the countryside.【答案】In the future will build 【详解】根据汉语句意“在未来”可知句子时态应用一般将

28、来时，其结构为：will+动词原形；通过中英文句子对比可知，英文句子中缺少“在未来”和“将建造”的表达，“在未来”英文表达是in the future，“将建造”will build；故答案为(1). In (2). the (3). future (4). will (5). build22她已经带领所有村民走向了财富和幸福之路。Shes already _ all the villagers towards the road to wealth and _.【答案】led happiness 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，第一空应填“带领（lead）”，结合“already”和语境可知，此句

29、时态应用现在完成时，其构成为“have/has+动词过去分词”，has已在句中给出，所以第一空应填动词lead的过去分词led；第二空应填 “幸福（happiness）”，happiness是不可数名词，所以填原形即可。故填led；happiness。五、根据汉语提示填空23Building a _ is what we hope for and what well work hard for.(美丽的乡村)【答案】beautiful countryside/beautiful village【详解】句意：建设一个美丽的乡村是我们所希望的，也是我们努力奋斗的目标。beautiful美丽的，形容

30、词；countryside/village农村，乡村，是名词，空格前有a修饰，名词应用单数形式，故填beautiful countryside/village。六、汉译英24我们一定要把我们的家乡建成美丽的乡村。(sure)We _.【答案】are sure to turn our hometowns into beautiful villages/are sure to turn our hometown into a beautiful village【详解】结合语境可知，此题为一般现在时。一定：be sure to do，主语we是复数，故be动词用are；把变成/把建成：turn.in

31、to；我们的家乡：our hometowns/our hometown；美丽的乡村：beautiful villages/a beautiful village。故填are sure to turn our hometowns into beautiful villages/are sure to turn our hometown into a beautiful village七、材料作文25 改革开放以来，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。尤其是党的十九大提出乡村振兴战略后，美丽乡村建设就步入了快车道。某英文网站正在开展以“家乡的巨变”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李洪，请你根据以下表格提示用英文写

32、一篇短文投稿，谈谈你家乡的变化，至少要有一条自己的观点。Great Changes in My Hometown过去现在住房房子很小、破旧不堪单元套房、楼房交通步行、骑自行车地铁、高铁、飞机通讯写信英特网、手机、微信、QQ学校自己带桌椅、窗户无玻璃宽敞明亮的教室、家乡最美的地方写作要求：1.文章必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥以使行文连贯；2.词数：80词左右；（文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数）3.文中不得出现真实姓名及校名。Great Changes in My HometownEver since the Reform and Opening-up, great changes have

33、taken place in my hometown. _【答案】例文：Great Changes in My HometownEver since the Reform and Opening-up, great changes have taken place in my home town. In the old days, people used to live in small and broken houses. But now most people live in apartments in tall buildings. People used to go to work o

34、r school on foot or by bike in the past, but now subways, high-speed trains and planes are very convenient to take you anywhere. People used to write letters to keep in touch with each other in the past, but now mobile phones, WeChat and QQ are so popular as well as the Internet. My grandparents tol

35、d me that they had to take desks and chairs from their homes to school and the classroom windows were broken with no glass, but now the most beautiful places are schools, and the classrooms are wide and bright. There didnt use to be any hospitals in the countryside, and people had to go a long way t

36、o see a doctor. Now doctors come to every family to give physical examinations. There is no doubt that our hometown will become more and more beautiful.【详解】1.题干解读：该题目是写一篇记叙文，要求根据表格内容提示来写一篇征文稿，介绍自己家乡的变化，文章必须包括所有内容要点，并且至少要有一条自己的观点。2.写作指导：本文主要采用第三人称来叙述；时态上描述过去用一般过去时，描述现在用一般现在时。写作时可适当使用一些副词和连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，结构清晰，表达具有条理性。