新概念英语第二册1 Lesson29(共127张PPT).ppt

1、 Lesson 29Taxi!Words and expressions taxi n.出租汽车Pilatus Porter 专有名词land vi.着陆plaugh n.&v.犁；耕地lonely adj.孤独的，偏僻的Welsh n.威尔士的roof n.屋顶block n.块，一座大楼flat n.公寓房desert vt.废弃taxitaxi drivertaxi n.出租汽车(美语中为cab)taxi driver 出租车司机;taxi stand出租车站；by taxi乘出租车take a taxi to.打的去You may take a taxi to the station.

2、你可以坐出租车去车站。搭的士/搭巴士/搭便车take a taxitake a bustake a lift land v.1.着陆2.卸货3.落入 The plane will land in five minutes.飞机将在五分钟后降落。The pilot landed the plane safely.飞行员将飞机安全着陆。The ship landed the goods at Shanghai.船在上海卸货。The ball landed in the lake.球落入湖中。Two thirds of the land is desert.三分之二的土地是沙漠plough plau

3、耕地plough v.耕地，犁地n.犁plough a field耕田They plough in spring他们在春耕。lonelyadj.lonely adj.1.偏僻的，人迹罕见的 2.孤单的，寂寞的The man wanted to fly to Rockall,a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean.这个人要飞往罗卡尔-大西洋上的一个孤岛。(前置定语)When his wife and two little children left him,he was very lonely.妻子和两个孩子离开他以后，他很孤独。（表语）lonely adj.

4、孤单的,人迹罕见的alone adj.单独的，独自的我独自一人，但我并不孤独。I am alone but I am not lonely.同义词辨析：alone/lonelylonely指“孤单的”，“孤独的”lonely指人孤独，有浓厚的感情色彩！可作表语，也可做前置定语alone 指“独自一个人”adj.adv.alone表示单独，独自一个，没有感情色彩的He stays home alone on the weekends.She watches TV when she is alone.roof n.1.屋顶2.车篷3.顶部，最高点 There is a cat on our roo

5、f.在我们的房顶上有一只猫。the roof of the world世界屋脊 the roof of heaven天空 the roof of the mouth上颚 固定搭配：no roof over ones head无家可归 under ones roof住在自己家里 under sbs roof在某人家做客；寄人篱下；在某人照应下 ceiling 天花板 hit the ceiling/roof 美口 勃然大怒，暴跳如雷desertdiz:tv 废弃，抛弃 他抛弃了他的妻子和孩子到深圳打工了。He deserted his wife and children and went to

6、work in Shenzhen.deserted adj.废弃的a deserted house一间废弃工厂a deserted factorydesert deztn.沙漠the Sahara dessert diz:tn.甜品 Welsh adj.威尔士的 block blk.n一座大楼 roof n.楼顶 flat flt n.公寓 block n.1.大楼，大厦2.街区3，障碍物，阻塞4.块，片（木，石等）an office block 办公大楼；a block of flats 公寓楼；a block in the pipes管道阻塞put up a road block设置路障；

7、a block in traffic交通阻塞；a block of stone一块石头Turn left after two blocks.走过两个街区后往左拐。Its three blocks from my house to school.从我家到学校有三个街区。flat n.（美）公寓apartment（英）公寓adj.1.平的，2.扁的，浅的 3.漏气的（轮胎）a block of apartments一片公寓I hope to have a flat of my own.我希望拥有一套属于自己的公寓房。The earth is round,not flat.地球是圆的，不是平的。Th

8、e car tires are flat.这辆汽车的轮胎瘪了。ta(r)zListening and questionsDoes Captain Fawcett think any trip is too dangerous?2.Listen again and then fill in the blanks.1.First listen and then answer the question.Yes,he does.He thinks the trip to Rockall,a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean is dangerous.Captain

9、 Ben Fawcett has bought an _ and has begun _.The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a Pilatus Porter.This wonderful plane can _ seven passengers.The most surprising thing about it,_,is that it can land anywhere:on snow,water,or even on _.Captain Fawcetts first passenger was a doctor who flew fro

10、m Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains._,Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.Once he landed on the roof of _ and _,he landed in a deserted car park.Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.The man wanted to fly to Rockall,_ in the

11、 Atlantic Ocean,but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too _.on another occasionunusual taxia new servicecarryhowevera plaughed fieldSince then a block of flatsa lonely islanddangerousReading and questions1.Why is the taxi unusual?2.How many passengers can the“taxi”carry at a time

12、?3.What is the most surprising thing about it?4.Who was the first passenger?5.Whose request has Captain Fawcett just refused?Why?Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a Pilatus Porter.This wonderful plane can carry seven

13、 passengers.The most surprising thing about it,however,is that it can land anywhere:on snow,water,or even on a ploughed field.Captain Fawcetts first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.Since then,Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unus

14、ual places.Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion,he landed in a deserted car park.Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.The man wanted to fly to Rockall,a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean,but Captain Fawcett did not take him because

15、 the trip was too dangerous.1.Why is the taxi unusual?2.How many passengers can the“taxi”carry at a time?3.What is the most surprising thing about it?The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a Pilatus Porter.It can carry seven passengers at a time.The most surprising thing about it is that it can

16、land anywhere.4.Who was the first passenger?5.Whose request has Captain Fawcett just refused?Why?The first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.Because he thought the trip was

17、dangerous.Language focusCaptain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a Pilatus Porter.1.called call A B A be called BWe call our headmaster Mr No.The instrument was called a piano.He can play an instrument called a piano well.划

18、线部分called a piano是一个过去分词做定语，表被动，译为“被叫做”。分词做定语:ing和 ed 都是分词，ing是现在分词，ed是过去分词，它们都属于非谓语动词，都可以做定语。现在分词做定语表示主动和进行；过去分词表示被动和完成。a developing country/a developed coutrya falling leaf/a fallen leafa ploughed field 被耕过的田a deserted car park 被废弃的车场written English 书面语spoken English 口语This is an _(interest)book.H

19、e opened the door and saw a _(frighten)cat running out of the room.interestingfrightened一、the ing 形式作定语an amusing story the laughing audienceswimming poorreading roomwriting paperwashing machine the rising sun surprising news the coming school year好笑的故事正在发笑的观众游泳池阅览室书写纸洗衣机正在升起的太阳令人惊讶的消息下一学年the wallet

20、 lying on the desk放在桌子上的钱夹the boy standing under the tree站在树下的男孩the girl eating an apple吃苹果的女孩1 ing作定语时，单个词放在被修饰词的前边；现在分词短语则必须置于其后。2The-ing form 分为动名词和现在分词两种，作定语时意义不一样.a sleeping boya sleeping bag一个正在睡觉的男孩一个睡袋=a boy which is sleeping=a bag for sleeping此时，-ing表示被修饰词boy 发出的动作，说明其特征、特点。此时，-ing 表示被修饰词 b

21、ag 的用途。动名词现在分词a walking mana walking stick=a man who is walking=a stick for walking正在走路的人供走路用的拐杖动名词现在分词注意：动名词只能单独使用作前置定语，不能后置P54.13现在分词作定语意义上接近一个定语从句.如：China is a developing country=China is a country which is developing.中国是个发展中国家。Students wishing to go hiking shouldsign their names here.=Students w

22、ho wish to go hiking should sign their names here.要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签句。I saw a sleeping girl in the waiting room.=I saw a girl who was sleeping in the waiting room.在候车室我看见一个熟睡的女孩。The man talking with our headmaster is Toms father.=The man who is talking with our headmaster is Toms father.正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。

23、4.现在分词的逻辑主语现在分词的逻辑主语就是分词所修饰的那个词。过去分词作定语是最长的。This bridge is the longest.这座 去年建的which was built last year桥是最长的。This bridgeis the longest.这座 去年建的 built last year桥which wasThe bridge built last yearis the longest.(既表示被动又表示完成)我读过韩寒写的书。I have read the books written by Hanhan.which are I have read the book

24、swritten by Hanhan.(只表示被动，没有一定的时间性)叶已经被扫走。子落所有的All the leaves have been cleared away.which have fallen落叶已经被扫走。所有的All the have been cleared away.fallenwhich haveleavesAll the fallen leaves have been cleared away.(表示完成，并没有被动意味)过去分词作定语The bridge built last year is the longest.I have read the books writ

25、ten by Hanhan.All the fallen leaves have been cleared away.被动或完成This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers.The most surprising thing about it,however,is that it can land anywhere:on snow,water,or even on a ploughed field.2.The most surprising thing about it is that关于它最令人惊讶的事情是that在这里引导表语从句，不能省略

26、，表语从句属于名词性从句。表语从句S+V+C(主+系+表）结构表语从句是指跟在系动词后面的成分，说明主语的 状态、内容、特征、身份等。1.The fact is that he didnt even read it.2.The difficulty is how I can transfer this patient to hospital.表语是指跟在系动词后面的成分，说明主语的 状态、特征、身份等。可当表语的有形容词、名词、分词、介词短语可以接表语从句的系动词有：1：表存在：be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)appear2:感官动词：feel,seem,lo

27、ok,sound,taste,smell 3:表持续：stand,lie,remain,keep,stay4:表变化：become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,fall,prove,turn out引导词 连接词：that/whether/as if/as though 连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：when/where/why/how/because 引导词的用法（一）1.that引导的表语从句1)that 在从句中仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在句中不做任何成分，不能省略。2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,sugges

28、tion,request,proposal 后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略1)My opinion is that its getting better and better.2)My suggestion is that we(should)start early tomorrow.引导词的用法（二）whether在表语从句中表是否,但不充当句子的成分。if 不能引导表语从句.What we want to know is whether he will come to speak to us tomorrow.我们想知道的是他明天是否来给我们讲话

29、.The question is whether they can take our advice.问题是他们是否能接受我们的意见.引导词的用法（三）what 在表语从句中充当_表示_.1.The question is what caused the accident.2.That mountain is no longer what it used to be.3.What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.主语、宾语或表语什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）引导词的用法（四）who 在表语从句中充当_表示_.1.Th

30、e problem is who could do the work2.My trouble is who(whom)I can turn to.主语、宾语或表语谁引导词的用法（五）which 在引导表语从句时,常充当_。如：I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know iswhich(book)it is.定语,表语表示哪一个,哪一些引导词的用法（六）由as if,as though引导表语从句，表示好像。句子中的系动词常用be,look,appear,seem，sound等。1.It looks as if it

31、was doing to rain.2.The young man with long hair looks as ifhe were a girl引导词的用法（七）当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_,而不能由_ 引导;because 引导表语从句时只能用于_句型中.1.The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.2.I was late.It was because I missed the train.that来引导becauseIt/That/This is/was becaus

32、e引导词的用法（八）Thats because he didnt understand me.那是因为他不理解我。Thats why he didnt understand me.那就是他不理解我的原因。Thats because强调原因 Thats why强调结果 The reason why we didnt trust him is _that_ he has often lied reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why 引导 The reason(why/for)is/was that.The reason is that The question is _

33、we will have our sports meeting next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether注意点1：if不能引导表语从句D The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of注意点2:主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用becauseB The problem is_to take the place of John.A.who can we get B.what we can get C.who we c

34、an get D.that we can get注意点3：如果从句是特殊疑问句，用陈述句语序 D小结 1.表语从句的构成：引导词+简单句 2.引导词：连词that,whether,as,as if 连接代词who,what,which 连接副词when,where,how,why 3.三个注意点：if不引导表语从句 主语为reason时，引导词用that 语序表语从句:The most exciting thing is that we can win the football match.The happiest thing is that I can visit my mother dur

35、ing the Spring Festival.翻译：最不幸的事情是他丢了钱包。最让人失望的事情是他每次英语考试都不及格。The most unfortunate thing was that he lost his purse.The most disappointing thing is that he fails every English test.Captain Fawcetts first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.Since

36、then,Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.3.since thensince then“从那起”，强调起点，用现在完成时态so far/up to now“到目前为止”，强调终点，也用现在完成时态4.fly sb to “开飞机送某人到某地”drive sb to“开车送某人去某地”Once he landed on the roof of a block of flatsand on another occasion,he landed in a deserted car park.5.Once and

37、on another occasion “有一次，还有一次”Once I met him on the street and on another occasion I met him in the library.occasion:n.“时机，场合”occasional adj.偶尔的，非经常的occasionally adv.A birthday is no occasion for tears.On that occasion I was not at home.take the occasion to do 抓住时机做翻译：现在不是后悔的时刻。我们要把握这个时机把英语水平提高。It i

38、s no occasion for regret.We should take the occasion to improve our Enlish.Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.The man wanted to fly to Rockall,a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean,but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.6.refuse a r

39、equest from “拒绝某人的请求”refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事request from 来自某人的请求request for sth 要求得到某物He made a request for help.Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a Pilatus Porter.This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers.The m

40、ost surprising thing about it,however,is that it can land anywhere:on snow,water,or even on a ploughed field.Captain Fawcetts first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.Since then,Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.Once h

41、e landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion,he landed in a deserted car park.Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.The man wanted to fly to Rockall,a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean,but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too

42、 dangerous.Exercises1.The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane _ called aPilatus Porter.A.who is B.whom is C.which is D.whose is2.This is the most surprising thing about it.It is _ than anything else.A.most surprising B.more surprising C.more surprised D.most surprised3.He flew a doctor to a Welsh villag

43、e._ he has flown to many unusual places.A.From then B.By then C.By that time D.Since that time4.Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual _.A.parts B.pieces C.spots D.sections5.There was a terrible noise _the sudden 5.There was a terrible noise _the sudden burst of light.burst of light.A.

44、followed B.following A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed C.to be followed D.being followed6.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as6.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th a foreign language came out in the 16th century.centur

45、y.A.having written B.to be written A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written C.being written D.written7.I cannot understand _ such a well-paid job.A.him to give up B.him to have given up C.his giving up D.his being given up8.Janes summer vacation in England led to _ an Englishman.A.

46、her marry B.her to marry C.her being married D.her marrying 9.She was sad because of _ any chance left.A.there being not B.there not being C.not there being D.there was not10.If you think a letter is too slow,why not _ a telegram?A.try to have sent B.trying to send C.to try to send D.try sending 11.

47、There is no chance _ him today.A.in seeing B.to seeing C.of seeing D.about seeing 12.I know you like _.Would you like _ with me now?A.to swim,to swim B.swimming,swimming C.swimming,to swim D.to swim,swimming13.Before _,the machine must be checked.A.being used B.using it C.being used to D.using 14.To

48、 give up _ means _.A.smoking,stopping smoking B.smoking,to stop smoking C.to smoke,to stop to smoke D.to smoke,stopping to smoke15.Some foreigner used to _ on the left in their own countries,but now they have got used to _ on the right in our country.A.driving,drive B.drive,drive C.drive,driving D.d

49、riving,driving16.What do you think of the book?Oh,excellent.Its worth _ a second time.A.to read B.reading C.to be read D.being read 17.“What has made you so upset?”“_ my new bike.”A.Lost B.Because of losing C.Since I lost D.Losing 18.I still remember _ to Beijing when I was six.A.to take B.taking C.

50、having taking D.having been taken19.It is important for parents and young people to learn how to get through to each other and develop skill in understanding and _.A.being understood B.to be understood C.understand D.understood20._ more trees is good for health and it is also important to stop waste

51、 from factories _ our surroundings.A.To plant,pollute B.Planting,to pollute C.Plant,polluting D.Planting,polluting 21.He remained _ there,for he grew _ in many things there.A.staying,interesting B.staying,interested C.to stay,interest D.stayed,interested22.I would appreciate _ back this afternoon.A.

52、you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling 23.How about the two of us _ a walk the garden?A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taking24.“The light in the office is still on.”“Oh,I forgot _.”A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off25._ more attention,the trees co

53、uld have grown better.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given26.Climbing mountains was _,so we all felt _.A.tiring;tired B.tired;tiring C.tiring;tiring D.tired;tired27.The _ morning,the father came into the lonely house,_ by his naughty boy.A.following;following B.followed;followed C.following;fol

54、lowed D.followed;following28.“I must apologize for _ ahead of time.”“Thats all right.”A.letting you not know B.not letting you know C.letting you know not D.letting not you know29.It happened _ when I left the station,so I had to wait until the rain stopped.A.to be rainingB.to have rainedC.to rainD.

55、raining30._ these pictures,I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing and _ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more magnificent.A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen31.Mrs White was glad to see the nurse _ after her son and her daughter and wa

56、s also pleased to see children well _ care of in the nursery.A.looked;taken B.looking;taken C.looked;took D.looking;taking32.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet _ on the ground on the way home,but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set _ when I got home.A.lying;stolen B.laying;stealing C.lay;

57、stolen D.lying;stealing33._ better attention,the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in the sky and _ them light.A.Giving;given B.Given;given C.Giving;giving D.Given;giving34._ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting _ then.A.Holding;being he

58、ld B.Held;holding C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held35._ he still could not understand it.A.Told many times B.Having been told many times C.He has been told many times D.Though he had been told many times36.On hearing the _ news,I was too _ to sleep.A.exciting;excited B.excited;exciting C.exciting

59、;exciting D.excited;excited Homework1.Retell the story according to the Chinese.本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车,并开始了一项新的业务.这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机,叫“皮勒特斯.波特”号.这架奇妙的飞机可以载7名乘客.然而,最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落:雪地上,水面上,甚至刚耕过的田里.弗西特机长的第一名乘客是位医生,他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄.从那时开始,弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方.一次,他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上;还有一次,降落在了一个废弃的停车场上.弗

60、西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求.这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛-罗卡尔岛,弗西特机长之所以不送他去,是因为那段飞行太危险了.2.Try your best to recite the text to your own English teacher.Everyday English1.Keep your promises.履行自己的诺言。2.Lets take a vote!我们来表决吧!3.Dont be a stranger.别那么见外嘛!词汇学习 Word study 1refuse与deny 当refuse作为及物不及物动词表示“拒绝接受”时，不可与deny混用：I offer

61、ed to pay him for his help but he refused(payment).他帮助了我，为此我提出要酬谢他，但是他拒绝接受（酬谢）。但是，当refuse作为及物动词表示“拒绝给予”、“拒绝要求”时，它与deny可以互相替换：Captain Fawcett has just refused/denied a strange request from a businessman.弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。deny最常用的含义是“否认（指控、做过某事等）”，refuse则没有这个意义：The secretary denies that she has stol

62、en the letter.那秘书不承认她偷了那封信。bring,take与fetch bring表示从某处将某物“带来”；take表示“拿走”；fetch则表示去某地将某物“取来”，是个双程的动作，bring与take则表示单程的：If youre going to the kitchen,would you mind bringing me a glass of water please?如果你去厨房的话，请给我带杯水来好吗？Did he bring you a gift last Sunday?上星期天他给你带礼物了吗？Please fetch me a glass of water.请

63、帮我取一杯水来。Take this glass of water to your father.把这杯水拿给你父亲。3too与very very与too都表示程度，very的意思是“非常”、“很”，too表示“太”、“过于”：This bus is going very slowly.这辆公共汽车走得非常慢。（very只描述状况，不涉及后果）This bus is going too slowly.Ill miss the train.这辆公共汽车走得太慢了。我会赶不上火车的。（too表示“太”以至于引起某种后果）Toms very clever.汤姆很聪明。Toms too clever.H

64、e wont believe such a thing.汤姆太聪明了，他不会相信这种事的。练习答案 2难点练习答案1 bring 2 fetch 3 refused 4 deny 5 Very 3多项选择题答案1b 2c 3c 4b 5d 6b7a 8b 9b 10b 11c 12b 一般过去时与现在完成时语法 一般过去时与现在完成时对比这两种时态 时，我们一方面要注意它们的时间状语的区别，另一方面要注意一般过去时往往强调动作本身，而现在完成时则表示始于过去并持续到现在的动作或表示过去不确定 的时间发生过的并与现在有某种联系的动作。一.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作

65、或事情现在已经结束。eg：1.Someone has just turned off the light.有人刚把灯关了。2.I have already finished my homework.我已经完成了家作。二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能仍在继续。eg：1.I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last.我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化。2.I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。三

66、.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.eg：1.Have you ever been to the Summar Palace?你曾去过颐和园吗?2.I have never had a car.我从未有过汽车。四.现在完成时还常与句型 This is the first time，Its the first time 连用。eg：1.This is the first time he has driven a car.这是他第一次开车。五.现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最的。What a boring film！Its the most boring film Ive ever

67、seen.现在完成时除了上述主要用法之外，还有一些其它用法，在此不一一讲解，请学生自已学习、掌握。一部多么令人厌烦的电影啊！这是我看过的最令人厌烦的电影。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别第一单元已讲解了现在完成时，在第一册中也已讲解了一般过去时的主要用法。现将这两种时态的用法加以区别，以便使学生更好地掌握，区别两者的不同用法。一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只表示发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。eg1.He has bought an English-Ch

68、inese dictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。eg2.He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has it”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典”。第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。二当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:eg：1.I saw the film on television y

69、esterday.但since(自以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。eg：1.They have known each other since 1950.2.Since he was a child,he has lived in England.三常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语yesterday(昨天),the other day(前两天),just now(刚才)，时间+ago,last+时间;etc;eg:1.The plane took off ten minutes ago 飞机十分钟前起飞了。eg:2.We finished our tas

70、k last week.我们上周完成了我们的任务。四常与现在完成时连用的表示到现在为止这段时间的词短语或从句:so far(到现在为止)，up to(till,until)now直到现在，lately（最近）yet,since+过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句。eg：1.The weather has been hot so far this summer 到目前为止，今夏天气一直很热。2.I havent seen her yet.我还未见到过她。五可与现在完成时连用，也可与一般过去时连用的时间状语：for+时间，this+时间表示不确定时间：ever,never,before,just,rec

71、ently,alreadyeg:1.I have learnt English for three years.我学英语（到现在）三年了（仍在学）。2.I learnt English for three years.我学了三年英语（现在不学了）。3.I have written two letters this morning 今天上午我写了两封信，(说话时仍是上午)。4.I wrote two letters this morning.今天上午我写了两封信，（下午或晚上说的）。注：表示不确定时间的状语，在句中无其它特定的过去时间状语时，或无表示过去动作的从句时常与现在完成时连用。eg:1.

72、I have not written to my parents recently.我最近一直未给父母写信。2.I have met him many times before.我以前见过他多次。现在完成进行时的主要用法表示一个持续了一段时间，刚刚结束或仍在继续进行的动作。与现在完成时有所有同的是现在完成进行时强调动作本身或动作的持续性、持久性。eg：1.Weve been looking for you everywhere.where have you been?我们一直在到处找你，你上哪儿去了？2.What have you been doing?你一直在做什么？3.Ive been writing a laboratory report.我一直在写实验报告。