Day 02 冠词-2022年暑假新高一【初高中衔接】必备英语知识抢先学(通用版).docx
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1、2022年暑假新高一初高中衔接英语知识抢先学(通用版)英语词法篇冠词用法一、不定冠词1. 不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。 In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里,一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。这是一件平常之事。 An hour ago, an honest man accepted an un
2、usual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时前,一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物,去完成一项光荣的任务。2. 不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指,泛指某一人或某一物。 The Chinese Dream is a dream to improve peoples well-being and a dream of harmony, peace and development.中国梦是一个改善民生的梦,是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。3. 表示某种身份、职业、地位、国籍。 When the Ashleys tried to mak
3、e her return, Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. 当 Ashleys一家试图让她回来时,Mumbet咨询了一个叫西奥多塞奇威克的律师。4. 用在人名或时间名词前表示不确定的某个人或某个时间;用在人名前还可表示与某人有类似性质的人。 Excuse me, is there a Mr Tailor living in the neighborhood?There is a parcel for him. Sorry, but there is no such person here. 劳驾,这个居民点住着一位名叫Tailor的
4、先生吗?这里有他的包裹。 对不起,这儿没有这么一个人。5. 不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序,而表示再一,又一。 She didnt like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜欢这两个包的颜色,又要了一个。6. 表示单位时间内的频度,含有每的概念。 The medicine is to be taken three times a day. 这药每天吃三次。7. 具有动作意义的名词在与have,take,make等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时,前面要加不定冠词。 如:take a look看一看;have a try
5、试一试。 You had better go to the factory and have a look. 你最好到厂里去看一看。8.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如:a waste of浪费;all of a sudden突然地;as a rule通常。 It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.我突然想起,我把她的生日给忘了。二、定冠词1. 用在名词前表示特指。Did you enjoy yourself yesterday?Yes, as you know, the party went on in a pl
6、easant atmosphere.你昨天玩得开心吗?是的,正如你所知,晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。2.用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前。Do you know who invented the telephone?你知道是谁发明了电话吗?3.用在序数词、比较级(两者相比较,表示特指的时候)和最高级前。Do you know which story is the more interesting of the two?你认为这两个故事中哪个更有趣?4.用于集合名词、物质名词和某些专有名词前。Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pac
7、ific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.据说在十三世纪马可波罗去爪哇岛途中曾航行经过太平洋。5.定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用,表示一类人或事物。Many of the injured are still in danger.许多受伤者仍处于危险中。6. 用在表示计量的名词前如by the hour, by the dozen等,但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词如by weight, by height等。Its said John will be in a job paying over $ 60, 000 a year
8、.Right, he will also get paid by the week.据说约翰将拥有一份年收入超过60, 000美元的工作。是的,而且会按周获得报酬。7. 定冠词the用在表示姓氏的复数名词前,表示全家人或夫妻俩。 The Whites settled down in Canada last year. 去年怀特一家在加拿大定居。8. 用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前。 the east 东部play the piano 弹钢琴三、零冠词1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指,用零冠词。Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts. 偏远
9、地区非常需要教师。2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时,不加冠词。Dr. Peter Spence,headmaster of the school,told us,A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.这所学校的校长Peter Spence博士告诉我们,这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津或剑桥大学深造。3.月、季、星期、节假、洲前;三餐、球类、惯用语前;学科、棋类名词前,用零冠词。A year can be divided into four seasons spring,summ
10、er,autumn and winter.一年可以分为四季春、夏、秋、冬。4.no与such连用时应放在such之前,such后的名词不用冠词。There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.天下没有免费的午餐。5.在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词,但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。He became a doctor while his brother turned teacher.他成了一名医生而他弟弟当了教师。四、冠词的位置 1. 不定冠词位置不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意:a. 位于下列形容词之后: s
11、uch,what,many,half, I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job.b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后: It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. So short a time. Too long a distance.c. quite,rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。但当rather,quite 前仍有形容词,不定冠词放其前后均可。如:qui
12、te a lot d. 在as,though 引导的让步状语从句中,当标语为形容词修饰的名词时,不定冠词放形容词后: Brave a man though he is,he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢,可见到蛇还是发抖。 当名词被比较级形容词修饰时,不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。2. 定冠词位置定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在all, both,double,half,twice,three times等词之后,名词之前。All the students in the class went out.班里的所有学生都出去了。一、单项选
13、择1Its _ fun to walk_ dog after a whole days work.Aa; aBa; theCthe; theD/; the2The girl is on _ diet to lose _ weight and I hope she can succeed.Athe; /B/; aCa; /D/; the3What _ good time we had having a picnic yesterday!AaBanC/Dthe4For him _stage is just _way to make a living.Aa; aBthe; aCthe; Da; th
14、e5All good things must come to _ end, however beautiful an experience is.AtheB/CanDa6Han Hong is _ kind singer and she does a lot to help the poor.AaBanCtheD/7 Whats Tom like? He is _ honest student; _, all of us like him very much.Aa; honestBan; to be honestCa; honestlyDan; honest8Because he has be
15、en out of _ work for months, the young man now depends on his parents for _ living.A不填; aBthe; aC不填; 不填Dthe; 不填9_ fine weather it is!AWhat aBHow aCWhatDHow10Though my brother has been out of _ work for more than half a year, he never loses _ heart.A/; /B/; theCthe; /Dthe; the11Paris is_ most beautif
16、ul city, where you can see_ famous Eiffel Tower.Athe; theBthe; aCa; aDa; the12- You say you want to watch _ amazing movie, dont you?- Oh, yes. _ movie is called Spiderman - No way home.Aa, theBan, theCthe, the13Washing machines made in China have won _ worldwide attention and Haier has become _ popu
17、lar name.Aa; theB/; aC/; theDthe; a14Jinan city will hold the 11th National Games. We are facing _ good opportunity, _ that will lead to our prosperity.Aa; oneBa; itCthe; oneDthe; it15There is _ bottle of milk in the fridge.A/BaCanDthe16As _ matter of fact, the couple are cleaning their house in _ p
18、reparation for the new babys coming.Aa; aB不填; 不填Ca; 不填Dthe; 不填17With _ help of Mrs. Brown, I have made _ great progress in my study.Athe, aBthe, /Ca, /D/, the18I passed my driving test yesterday._good news! You can drive to work,AWhat aBWhatCHowDHow a19At _ end of the meeting, our headmaster encoura
19、ged all of us to go to _ college.Athe; theBan; /C/; /Dthe; /20I have _ European pen friend, and he likes playing guitar.Aan; /Ban; theCa; /Da; the21Tom is going to Xingyi by_plane.AaBanCtheD/22Guess what? I took part in an interview on TV last Sunday.Oh, _ unforgettable experience it must be!AwhatBw
20、hat anChow23Youve dropped _ “s” in the word “necessary”.Oh, _ letter “s” is doubled.A/; aBa; theCan; the24Zhaozhou Bridge is one of _ stone bridges in the world.AoldBolderColdestDthe oldest25My name is Elias. I am _ poor black worker in South AfricaAtheBaCanD/26He is only _ boy. He isnt old enough t
21、o take care of himself.Aan one-year-oldBa one-year-oldCa one-years-oldDan one-years-old27To tell _ truth, Tracys room is really in _ mess.A/; aBthe; /Cthe; aD/; /28In order to make it clear, I must goup to_ second floor and ask him_ second time.Athe; aBa; theCthe; the29Whats on your desk, Judy?Its _
22、 English-Chinese dictionary. Its _ useful dictionary.Aan, theBan, anCan, aDthe, an30I cant remember when exactly he left _ school and worked as a lifeguard. I only remember it was _summer.Athe; theBthe; aC/; /D/; a31In face of _ failure, it is the most important to keep up _ good state of mind.A/ ;
23、aBa ; /Cthe ; /D/ ; the32Every morning he spends_ hour doing exercise, then he goes to_ work.Aa ;aBan; /Ca; /Dan; the33We must try to reach _ agreement if we dont want to lose _ face.Athe; aB/; theCan; /Dan; the34I am going to have _ picnic on _ Sunday.Athe;anBan;theCa;不填Dan;不填35China, _ largest dev
24、eloping country in the world, has made great progress in _ area of space exploration.Aa; anBthe; theCthe; anDa; the36Do you think it is _ good manners to hear others conversations in _ curious manner?Athe; aB/;/C/;aDthe; the37Robert is interested in _ astronomy and he wishes he could make a trip int
25、o _ space one day.Athe, theBan, theCan, /D/, /38The pizzas are delicious. Little Tom would like to have _ third piece because _ second piece is rather too small.Aa; aBthe; theCa; theDthe; a39First impression is the most lasting,you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.Aa; theBthe; th
26、eCa; aDthe;a40Beyond stars there is nothing but space.A/.theBthe./C/./Dthe.the二、语法填空1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Kanas is a Mongolian word _41_(mean) “beautiful and mysterious lake”. Kanas Lake is Chinas deepest freshwater lake famous for its picturesque view, and home to 798 species of plants a
27、nd 117 varieties of birds. _42_(surround) by snow-capped mountains and heavy forest, Kanas Lake in Burqin takes on different colors in different seasons.Kanas Lake lies in the northern part of Burqin County, Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 150 kilometers away from Burgin County.
28、The lake water _43_(come) from the melting water of the mountains such as Kuitun Peak and Friendship Peak. The best time _44_(visit) the Kanas Lake is in June and September. In June, flowers bloom and trees turn green and everything are full _45_ energy. The flowers are at their best and Kanas looks
29、 like _46_ ocean of flowers. In September, Kanas enters the pure golden season. _47_(natural), this is also the best time for photography.Winter operation period (October 16 April 30) is a perfect _48_(choose) for visitors with limited budgets. Kanas does not close the mountain in winter, in _49_ sc
30、enic spots are open for business. Visitors will see the fairyland like original snowy scenery. Kanas will also host five major theme _50_(activity), namely, Snow and Ice Festival, Snow Carnival, Winter Ice and Snow Photography Season, Snowboard Invitational, Snow Sculpture Invitational.2阅读下面材料,在空白处填
31、入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Many music lovers have an opinion on what was the best year for music. Some people say it was 1824 _51_ Beethovens Symphony No.9 (贝多芬第九交响曲) was performed first. Other people say it was 1969 due _52_ the hit songs by The Beatles and Elvis Presley. Last month, a survey, _53_ (c
32、onduct) by a UK radio station, found the best year for music was 1991.This is because of the _54_ (prefer) for bands like Red Hot Chili Peppers, Stone Roses and Nirvana. _55_ reason for 1991 being the surveys best year for music could be the average age of the _56_ (listener) of the station (电台). Th
33、e music lovers have great memories of 1991, many of _57_ were teenagers at that time.Psychologists believe people tend _58_ (stick) to the songs they heard when they were teenagers. They will become _59_ (peace) and energetic when listening to these songs. Obviously, these songs _60_ (root) in their
34、 important memories for years.3阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。My wife and I moved to a small town along the coast. Our three-bedroom, two-bath home can _61_(comfortable) accommodate a total of about eight people, us _62_ (include).Here is the problem: We have some close friends who occasionally com
35、e to visit. On one previous visit, they announced at dinner that a close friend of _63_ (they) would be“drop-ping by”the following day.The next day, their friend showed up with her two children, her older sister and her dog. It was obvious _64_ they intended to stay with us, because they dragged in
36、pillows from their car.My wife welcomed them with open arms. We then set about _65_ (try) to find space for them, many of whom slept on the floor or the sofa. This brought _66_ number of people from seven to 11, plus an additional dog.When everyone left _67_ the end of the three-day holiday, my wife
37、 and I had a long discussion about what_68_ (happen) and what we would do about it. We agreed that our friends took advantage of us, and we decided _69_ (change) the visiting rules.As a result, our friends visits are less frequent, which makes my wife _70_ (happy).She wants to throw the new rules ou
38、t.I totally disagree. What is the way out?4阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Who owns a photo taken by a monkey? That may seem like a strange question. But photographer David Slater and an animal rights group argued about it for nearly two years. They finally reached an _71_ (agree) in September.In 20
39、11, Slater photographed endangered monkeys _72_ (call) crested black macaques (黑冠猕猴) in Indonesia. Slater also set up a camera on a tripod (三脚架), _73_ (hope) the monkeys would take photos of themselves.His plan worked. One of the photos became famous after it _74_ (post) online. Slater also included
40、 the monkey selfie (自拍照) in a book he published in 2014 titled Wildlife Personalities.But the following year, the animal rights group People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) charged Slater. The group declared that Slater couldnt publish and sell the photo because he didnt take _75_. PETA
41、argued that the monkey that took the picture was _76_ (actual) its true owner.The two sides made _77_ deal in September. Slater _78_ (donate) 25 percent of the money he makes _79_ future sales of the photo to groups that protect crested black macaques in Indonesia. Slater says he is happy to help th
42、e monkeys, _80_ was his intention from the start.5阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。“China plans to complete the construction of a space station and have _81_ put into operation around 2022,” said Zhou Jianping, the chief designer of Chinas manned space program, at a forum _82_ (hold) in south Chi
43、nas Guangdong Province. If needed, the space station, _83_ is designed to weigh 100 tonnes and accommodate three astronauts, could _84_ (enlarge) if needed, according to Zhou. “The main goal of the construction of the space station is to enable China to become a country _85_ (independent) mastering
44、the technology for long-term manned flight in near Earth space, and having the capacity to carry _86_ long-term manned scientific _87_ (experiment),” said Zhou at the 4th China Summit Forum on Human Factors Engineering, which was held at SunYat-sen University. The space station will be built as Chin
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2019届人教A版数学必修二同步课后篇巩固探究:2-1-1 平面 WORD版含解析.docx
