Unit 1 Laugh out loud! 同步练习-2021-2022学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册.docx

1、选择性必修 第一册 Unit 1 (限时：35分钟).阅读理解ATheres really no excuse not to take a trip in the following places in Spain.Barcelona: Cosmopolitan Catalan CultureAs Spains second largest city and centre of culture and history, Barcelona is reputed as one of Europes most exciting destinations from the Sagrada Famil

2、ia church to a diverse dining scene and amazing beaches.With endless options of things to see and do, consider spending more time fully appreciating all it has to offer.Seville: Andalusian Passion&Flamenco FlairTake some time to explore the breathtaking church and Alcazar, and then head to Maria Lui

3、sa Park to row a boat along the lazy river when you need a breather.Due to a recent season of Game of Thrones, Sevilles Alcazar has become more popular than ever.Book tickets online to avoid long queues.Segovia: A Living Fairy TaleWhile the towering Roman aqueduct(渡槽)may be Segovias biggest claim to

4、 fame, dont just come to check it off your list.The storied town built in the Middle Ages, is also home to an incredible church and a castle said to have inspired that of Disneys Sleeping Beauty.El Escorial: A World Fit for RoyaltyIs El Escorial a palace, a church or a library? The answer is all of

5、the above, as well as the most important monument from the Spanish Renaissance.Constructed in the 16th century under the orders of King Philip ， the complex is one of Spains most attractive destinations.Madrids train, the Cercanias, will get you there in about an hour: Take the C3 line from Atocha o

6、r Nuevos Ministerios.Bus 664 or 661 from Moncloa can also get you there in about the same amount of time.1If you are a fan of Game of Thrones, you may choose to go to ABarcelonaBSevilleCSegovia DEl Escorial2What can be inferred about El Escorial?AIt has very convenient transportation.BIt is the birt

7、h place of Spanish Renaissance.CIt deserves exploring in more than one day.DIt has architecture named after King Philip .3What do the four destinations have in common?ADining scenes. BCostal scenery.CSplendid palaces. DGreat churches.BPassengers could soon be flying off to holiday destinations or is

8、lands on a pilotless plane.So far, online travel agency K has partnered with Czech airplane technology company Zuri to develop a concept plane that could fly completely unmanned.The plane would come in response to concerns that the industry would experience a serious problem in the near future that

9、would threaten the growth of world air travel.The International Air Transport Association estimates there will be about 650，000 short of new pilots in the world over the next 20 years, and that the airline traffic will nearly double during that same period.The plane, which is expected to carry up to

10、 four passengers, would have a wing span of roughly 11 meters and would weigh only 900 kilograms.It would use vertical takeoff and landing technology, which means the plane can land vertically, meaning it can be landed in more places.Developers hope the prototype (原型) will be able to fly up to 698 k

11、ilometers, which is the distance between London and Germany.The plane would be ideal for travelling between islands as travellers wouldnt need to worry about changing from commercial flights to boats, taxis or car rides.Oliver Dlouhy, CEO and CoFounder of K said, “The Zuri project represents a direc

12、tion that I see as key to the future transportation.Combined with the global transportation network, it will bring completely new chances for travelling by adding thousands of smaller islands into the airports catchment areas.”But pilotless or single pilot operation of airplanes wont be easy in an i

13、ndustry where at least two pilots in the cockpit (驾驶舱)are required.Many airlines around the world made this a rule after a pilot flew a plane into the French Alps in March 2015, killing all 150 people on board.Whats more, its also unclear whether passengers or their insurers or carriers would accept

14、 or permit it.4What does “a serious problem” underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe lack of airfields in holiday destinations.BThe concern about the safety of air travel.CThe shortage of pilots in the near future.DThe difficulty in training new pilots.5How can the pilotless plane benefit K?ABy prom

15、oting the companys popularity.BBy saving more money for the company.CBy offering travellers more comfortable air service.DBy making tourists journey to small islands convenient.6What can we infer about pilotless planes in the last paragraph?AThey may be welcomed by pilots.BThey may have a promising

16、future.CThey may be rejected by some people.DThey may change our understanding of planes.7What is the main idea of the text?AScientists efforts in creating pilotless planes.BPilotless plane concept has developed recently.CDevelopers success in making pilotless planes a reality.DPilotless planes will

17、 be a new trend in the travelling industry.CPeople turn to many different sources for clothing style advice, from magazines to best friends to Instagram.Soon, though, you may be able to ask your smartphone.A computer science team from University of Texas at Austin, in partnership with researchers fr

18、om Cornell Tech, Georgia Tech and Facebook AI Research, has developed an artificial intelligence system that can look at a photo of an outfit(服装)and suggest helpful tips to make it more fashionable.“We thought of it like a friend giving you advice，” said Kristen Grauman, a professor of computer scie

19、nce whose previous research has largely focused on visual recognition for artificial intelligence.The tool, named Fashion， uses visual recognition systems to analyze the color, pattern, texture and shape of garments in an image.It considers where edits will have the most impact.It then offers severa

20、l alternative outfits to the user.Fashionwas trained using more than 10，000 images of outfits shared publicly on online sites for fashion enthusiasts.Finding images of fashionable outfits was easy, said graduate student Kimberly Hsiao, but finding unfashionable images proved challenging.So, she came

21、 up with a solution.She mixed images of fashionable outfits to create lessfashionable examples and trained the system on what not to wear.“As fashion styles develop, the AI can continue to learn by giving it new images, which are abundant on the Internet，” Hsiao said.Like all AI systems, bias can sp

22、read through the data sets for Fashion.The researchers pointed out that vintage (复古的) looks are harder to recognize as stylish because training images came from the Internet, which has been in wide use only since the 1990s.Additionally, because the users submitting images were mostly from North Amer

23、ica, styles from other parts of the world dont show up as much.Another challenge is that many images of fashionable clothes appear on models, but bodies come in many sizes and shapes, affecting fashion choices.Next up, Grauman and Hsiao are working toward letting the AI learn what suits different bo

24、dy shapes so its recommendations can be more tailored.8Why are magazines and Instagram mentioned at the beginning of the text?ATo introduce the topic.BTo explain what they are.CTo present an argument.DTo clarify the writing purpose.9The tool Fashionis used for .Ahelping people know the latest fashio

25、n trendBintroducing people to the meaning of fashionCaccompanying people during their shoppingDgiving people advice on proper dressing10What challenging problem did Hsiao solve?AAttracting users.BFinding enough images.CKeeping up with fashion trends.DReminding users of unsuitable examples.11What is

26、the last paragraph mainly about?AThe popularity of Fashion.BThe limitation of Fashion.CResearchers concerns about the AI.DPeoples expectation towards AI systems.DA book is so much more than mere ink and paper.So insist French booksellers, who for nearly four decades successfully lobbied (游说) to keep

27、 the forces of the free market at bay.A law passed in 1981 bans the sale of any book at anything other than the price decided by its publisher.Authorities are cracking down on those trying to sell the latest Thomas Piketty or JK.Rowling at a discount.The fixedprice rule is meant to keep customers lo

28、yal to their local bookshop and out of the control of supermarkets and corporations.But the arrival of ecommerce and ereaders has promoted questions worthy of their own tomes (大部头著作).Can you fix the price of a book if it is part of an allyoucanread subscription service? Are audiobooks books at all?

29、And what of authors who selfpublish?Changes have been made to preserve the principle of “one book, one price”In 2011, the rule began to apply to digital tomes.Free delivery by online sellers was prohibited because it implied a subsidy (补贴) on the delivered books (encouraging online sellers to charge

30、 only0.01 for postage).But a new challenge to the policy is proving more difficult to deal with.Used books are exempted from the pricing rule.Thirdparty sellers on Amazon are accused of using this as a way to apply forbidden discounts: selling brandnew books as “secondhand” to make them cheaper.So f

31、ans can purchase a copy of the latest Michel Houellebecq novel Serotonine for 11.71 pounds on Amazon, roughly half of its original price.Its seller claims it is in “perfectly new” condition.Amazon claims its practices are legal.But books sellers are upset, and their political allies with them.“This

32、is a major concern，” said Franck Riester, the culture minister, at a booksellers conference this week.He says new laws may be needed.Defenders of the fixedprice principle (which has spread to other parts of Europe) say it helps keep independent bookshops alive.Others are not so sure.Books are expens

33、ive in France an odd way to encourage people to buy more.12What was the function of the law passed in 1981?ATo stop publishers from publishing poor books.BTo prevent the random price of books in the market.CTo help book consumers benefit from the free market.DTo encourage French booksellers to sell

34、cheaper books.13Whats implied about the arrival of ecommerce and ereaders in Paragraph 2?AIt greatly changed peoples reading habits.BIt challenged the principle of “one book, one price”CIt weakened the ties between publishers and authorsDIt provided local booksellers with some new opportunities.14Wh

35、at does the underlined part “are exempted from” in Paragraph 4 mean?Aare involved in Bare threatened byCare consistent with Dare unrestricted by15What is Franck Riesters attitude towards those thirdparty sellers practices on Amazon?AHe is hopeful of them.BHe is uncertain of them.CHe disapproves of t

36、hem.DHe is indifferent to them.阅读七选五Every lifechanging decision we make in our life shapes our current reality.Lets talk about a few ways that you can use for reference when making your own lifechanging decisions.Realize the power of decision making. Before you start making a decision, you have to u

37、nderstand what a decision does. 16 When you decide to pick up a cigarette to smoke it, that decision might result in your picking up one after one later on to get that same high feeling.Carry your decision out. Its pointless to make a decision and just keep it in your head. 17 If you want to make re

38、al changes in life, you have to apply action to your decision until its completed.Tell others about your decisions. Telling other people what were going to do can make us follow through.For example, if you decide to become an early riser, you can go to a forum and tell people that you will wake up a

39、t 6 am and keep on it. 18 Learn from your past decisions. Its common that you are going to mess up at times when it comes to making decisions. 19 Ask yourself what is good or bad about your decision and what you will do to make a better decision next time. 20 For example, if you made the decision to

40、 lose ten pounds by next month through aerobics(有氧运动).You dont have to just do aerobics.You can be open to losing weight through different methods of dieting as long as it helps you reach your goal in the end.AMaintain a flexible approach.BEnjoy the process of making decisions.CThats the same as not

41、 making a decision at all.DIt always takes a lot of time to make a decision.EAny decision that you make causes a chain of events to happen.FSo, instead of beating yourself up over it, learn a lesson from it.GYoure able to accomplish this because you feel it an obligation to keep your word.选择性必修 第一册

42、Unit 1 (限时：35分钟).阅读理解ATheres really no excuse not to take a trip in the following places in Spain.Barcelona: Cosmopolitan Catalan CultureAs Spains second largest city and centre of culture and history, Barcelona is reputed as one of Europes most exciting destinations from the Sagrada Familia church

43、to a diverse dining scene and amazing beaches.With endless options of things to see and do, consider spending more time fully appreciating all it has to offer.Seville: Andalusian Passion&Flamenco FlairTake some time to explore the breathtaking church and Alcazar, and then head to Maria Luisa Park to

44、 row a boat along the lazy river when you need a breather.Due to a recent season of Game of Thrones, Sevilles Alcazar has become more popular than ever.Book tickets online to avoid long queues.Segovia: A Living Fairy TaleWhile the towering Roman aqueduct(渡槽)may be Segovias biggest claim to fame, don

45、t just come to check it off your list.The storied town built in the Middle Ages, is also home to an incredible church and a castle said to have inspired that of Disneys Sleeping Beauty.El Escorial: A World Fit for RoyaltyIs El Escorial a palace, a church or a library? The answer is all of the above,

46、 as well as the most important monument from the Spanish Renaissance.Constructed in the 16th century under the orders of King Philip ， the complex is one of Spains most attractive destinations.Madrids train, the Cercanias, will get you there in about an hour: Take the C3 line from Atocha or Nuevos M

47、inisterios.Bus 664 or 661 from Moncloa can also get you there in about the same amount of time.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了西班牙四个著名的旅游胜地。1If you are a fan of Game of Thrones, you may choose to go to ABarcelonaBSevilleCSegovia DEl Escorial解析：选B细节理解题。根据Seville: .部分“Due to a recent season of Game of Thrones .p

48、opular than ever.”可知，权力的游戏的粉丝可能会选择去Seville。2What can be inferred about El Escorial?AIt has very convenient transportation.BIt is the birth place of Spanish Renaissance.CIt deserves exploring in more than one day.DIt has architecture named after King Philip .解析：选A推理判断题。根据El Escorial: .部分“Madrids trai

49、n, the Cercanias .also get you there in about the same amount of time.”可推知，该地有多种通行方式，交通十分便利。3What do the four destinations have in common?ADining scenes. BCostal scenery.CSplendid palaces. DGreat churches.解析：选D细节理解题。根据Barcelona部分“the Sagrada Familia church”，Seville部分“the breathtaking church”，Segovia

50、部分“home to an incredible church”及El Escorial部分“Is El Escorial .all of the above.”可知，这四个地方都有出名的教堂。BPassengers could soon be flying off to holiday destinations or islands on a pilotless plane.So far, online travel agency K has partnered with Czech airplane technology company Zuri to develop a concept

51、plane that could fly completely unmanned.The plane would come in response to concerns that the industry would experience a serious problem in the near future that would threaten the growth of world air travel.The International Air Transport Association estimates there will be about 650，000 short of

52、new pilots in the world over the next 20 years, and that the airline traffic will nearly double during that same period.The plane, which is expected to carry up to four passengers, would have a wing span of roughly 11 meters and would weigh only 900 kilograms.It would use vertical takeoff and landin

53、g technology, which means the plane can land vertically, meaning it can be landed in more places.Developers hope the prototype (原型) will be able to fly up to 698 kilometers, which is the distance between London and Germany.The plane would be ideal for travelling between islands as travellers wouldnt

54、 need to worry about changing from commercial flights to boats, taxis or car rides.Oliver Dlouhy, CEO and CoFounder of K said, “The Zuri project represents a direction that I see as key to the future transportation.Combined with the global transportation network, it will bring completely new chances

55、 for travelling by adding thousands of smaller islands into the airports catchment areas.”But pilotless or single pilot operation of airplanes wont be easy in an industry where at least two pilots in the cockpit (驾驶舱)are required.Many airlines around the world made this a rule after a pilot flew a p

56、lane into the French Alps in March 2015, killing all 150 people on board.Whats more, its also unclear whether passengers or their insurers or carriers would accept or permit it.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。线上旅游公司K和捷克航空公司Zuri共同研发无人驾驶概念飞机，他们的合作将无人驾驶概念提升到新的高度。4What does “a serious problem” underlined in Paragraph 2

57、refer to?AThe lack of airfields in holiday destinations.BThe concern about the safety of air travel.CThe shortage of pilots in the near future.DThe difficulty in training new pilots.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“about 650，000 short of new pilots in the world .double during that same period”可知，未来20年飞行员数量将会有650，

58、000的缺口，与此同时航空公司客流量将翻倍，更突显了飞行员的短缺。5How can the pilotless plane benefit K?ABy promoting the companys popularity.BBy saving more money for the company.CBy offering travellers more comfortable air service.DBy making tourists journey to small islands convenient.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段中“The plane would be ideal

59、for .or car rides.”及第五段Oliver Dlouhy说的话可知，无人驾驶概念飞机给旅游公司带来交通便利。6What can we infer about pilotless planes in the last paragraph?AThey may be welcomed by pilots.BThey may have a promising future.CThey may be rejected by some people.DThey may change our understanding of planes.解析：选C推理判断题。根据末段可知，若无人驾驶技术用

60、于民航，则会违背航空公司的规则驾驶室至少需要两名飞行员，并且举例说明了只有一名飞行员驾驶飞机的危险性极高，同时，乘客和保险公司对此的态度也不明朗。故可推断：无人驾驶概念飞机会受到一些人的反对。7What is the main idea of the text?AScientists efforts in creating pilotless planes.BPilotless plane concept has developed recently.CDevelopers success in making pilotless planes a reality.DPilotless plan

61、es will be a new trend in the travelling industry.解析：选B主旨大意题。线上旅游公司K和捷克航空公司Zuri共同研发无人驾驶概念飞机，他们的合作将无人驾驶概念提升到新的高度。CPeople turn to many different sources for clothing style advice, from magazines to best friends to Instagram.Soon, though, you may be able to ask your smartphone.A computer science team f

62、rom University of Texas at Austin, in partnership with researchers from Cornell Tech, Georgia Tech and Facebook AI Research, has developed an artificial intelligence system that can look at a photo of an outfit(服装)and suggest helpful tips to make it more fashionable.“We thought of it like a friend g

63、iving you advice，” said Kristen Grauman, a professor of computer science whose previous research has largely focused on visual recognition for artificial intelligence.The tool, named Fashion， uses visual recognition systems to analyze the color, pattern, texture and shape of garments in an image.It

64、considers where edits will have the most impact.It then offers several alternative outfits to the user.Fashionwas trained using more than 10，000 images of outfits shared publicly on online sites for fashion enthusiasts.Finding images of fashionable outfits was easy, said graduate student Kimberly Hs

65、iao, but finding unfashionable images proved challenging.So, she came up with a solution.She mixed images of fashionable outfits to create lessfashionable examples and trained the system on what not to wear.“As fashion styles develop, the AI can continue to learn by giving it new images, which are a

66、bundant on the Internet，” Hsiao said.Like all AI systems, bias can spread through the data sets for Fashion.The researchers pointed out that vintage (复古的) looks are harder to recognize as stylish because training images came from the Internet, which has been in wide use only since the 1990s.Addition

67、ally, because the users submitting images were mostly from North America, styles from other parts of the world dont show up as much.Another challenge is that many images of fashionable clothes appear on models, but bodies come in many sizes and shapes, affecting fashion choices.Next up, Grauman and

68、Hsiao are working toward letting the AI learn what suits different body shapes so its recommendations can be more tailored.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款能够帮助人们学会穿搭的人工智能系统。8Why are magazines and Instagram mentioned at the beginning of the text?ATo introduce the topic.BTo explain what they are.CTo present an

69、 argument.DTo clarify the writing purpose.解析：选A写作意图题。根据第一段中的“People turn to many different sources for clothing style advice, from magazines to best friends to Instagram.”及后面内容可知，文章开头提到magazines和Instagram是为了引出话题。9The tool Fashionis used for .Ahelping people know the latest fashion trendBintroducing

70、people to the meaning of fashionCaccompanying people during their shoppingDgiving people advice on proper dressing解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“an artificial intelligence system that can . suggest helpful tips”及第四段内容可知，Fashion是用来建议人们如何更好地穿搭。10What challenging problem did Hsiao solve?AAttracting users.BFinding

71、enough images.CKeeping up with fashion trends.DReminding users of unsuitable examples.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“finding unfashionable images proved challenging .create lessfashionable examples and trained the system on what not to wear.”可知，Hsiao解决了为用户提供不合适穿搭类型的难题。11What is the last paragraph mainly about?A

72、The popularity of Fashion.BThe limitation of Fashion.CResearchers concerns about the AI.DPeoples expectation towards AI systems.解析：选B段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，网络是从上世纪90年代才开始普及的，所以复古衣服穿搭的数据就会偏少，同时使用者上传的数据也大多来自北美，另外很多样本也都是按照模特为参照，这些都说明Fashion是有局限性的。DA book is so much more than mere ink and paper.So insist French

73、 booksellers, who for nearly four decades successfully lobbied (游说) to keep the forces of the free market at bay.A law passed in 1981 bans the sale of any book at anything other than the price decided by its publisher.Authorities are cracking down on those trying to sell the latest Thomas Piketty or

74、 JK.Rowling at a discount.The fixedprice rule is meant to keep customers loyal to their local bookshop and out of the control of supermarkets and corporations.But the arrival of ecommerce and ereaders has promoted questions worthy of their own tomes (大部头著作).Can you fix the price of a book if it is p

75、art of an allyoucanread subscription service? Are audiobooks books at all? And what of authors who selfpublish?Changes have been made to preserve the principle of “one book, one price”In 2011, the rule began to apply to digital tomes.Free delivery by online sellers was prohibited because it implied

76、a subsidy (补贴) on the delivered books (encouraging online sellers to charge only0.01 for postage).But a new challenge to the policy is proving more difficult to deal with.Used books are exempted from the pricing rule.Thirdparty sellers on Amazon are accused of using this as a way to apply forbidden

77、discounts: selling brandnew books as “secondhand” to make them cheaper.So fans can purchase a copy of the latest Michel Houellebecq novel Serotonine for 11.71 pounds on Amazon, roughly half of its original price.Its seller claims it is in “perfectly new” condition.Amazon claims its practices are leg

78、al.But books sellers are upset, and their political allies with them.“This is a major concern，” said Franck Riester, the culture minister, at a booksellers conference this week.He says new laws may be needed.Defenders of the fixedprice principle (which has spread to other parts of Europe) say it hel

79、ps keep independent bookshops alive.Others are not so sure.Books are expensive in France an odd way to encourage people to buy more.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明性议论文。在法国，书店里的书只能按定价出售，但随着电子书的流行，这个规定面临一些挑战。12What was the function of the law passed in 1981?ATo stop publishers from publishing poor books.BTo prevent the

80、random price of books in the market.CTo help book consumers benefit from the free market.DTo encourage French booksellers to sell cheaper books.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A law passed in 1981 bans the sale of any book .at a discount.”可知，1981年颁布的法律是为了限制只能以出版商规定的价格出售书。13Whats implied about the arrival of ecom

81、merce and ereaders in Paragraph 2?AIt greatly changed peoples reading habits.BIt challenged the principle of “one book, one price”CIt weakened the ties between publishers and authorsDIt provided local booksellers with some new opportunities.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But the arrival of ecommerce .And what o

82、f authors who selfpublish？”可推知，电子商务和电子书的出现对只按定价卖书的规则带来了挑战。14What does the underlined part “are exempted from” in Paragraph 4 mean?Aare involved in Bare threatened byCare consistent with Dare unrestricted by解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Thirdparty sellers .brandnew books as secondhand to make them cheaper.”可推知，

83、二手书不受定价规则的限制，因此亚马逊第三方卖家将新书当成旧书来卖，变相地打折。15What is Franck Riesters attitude towards those thirdparty sellers practices on Amazon?AHe is hopeful of them.BHe is uncertain of them.CHe disapproves of them.DHe is indifferent to them.解析：选C观点态度题。根据第五段中的“But books sellers are upset, and their political allies

84、 with them.”及Franck Riester说的话可知，他不赞同亚马逊第三方卖家的做法。.阅读七选五Every lifechanging decision we make in our life shapes our current reality.Lets talk about a few ways that you can use for reference when making your own lifechanging decisions.Realize the power of decision making. Before you start making a deci

85、sion, you have to understand what a decision does. 16 When you decide to pick up a cigarette to smoke it, that decision might result in your picking up one after one later on to get that same high feeling.Carry your decision out. Its pointless to make a decision and just keep it in your head. 17 If

86、you want to make real changes in life, you have to apply action to your decision until its completed.Tell others about your decisions. Telling other people what were going to do can make us follow through.For example, if you decide to become an early riser, you can go to a forum and tell people that

87、 you will wake up at 6 am and keep on it. 18 Learn from your past decisions. Its common that you are going to mess up at times when it comes to making decisions. 19 Ask yourself what is good or bad about your decision and what you will do to make a better decision next time. 20 For example, if you m

88、ade the decision to lose ten pounds by next month through aerobics(有氧运动).You dont have to just do aerobics.You can be open to losing weight through different methods of dieting as long as it helps you reach your goal in the end.AMaintain a flexible approach.BEnjoy the process of making decisions.CTh

89、ats the same as not making a decision at all.DIt always takes a lot of time to make a decision.EAny decision that you make causes a chain of events to happen.FSo, instead of beating yourself up over it, learn a lesson from it.GYoure able to accomplish this because you feel it an obligation to keep y

90、our word.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于做改变人生的重大决定时的一些思考。16选E此空设于段中，与上文存在解释关系，说明我们做出的任何一个决定都会引起连锁反应。17选C此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系，C项中的That指代上文中的to make a decision and just keep it in your head。18选G此空设于段尾，是本段的总结句，本段讲述了把自己的决定告诉他人后，他人的监督会促使你去信守自己的诺言并付诸行动。19选F此空设于段中，与上文存在因果关系，做决定时有些混乱是很正常的，不要因此而自责，而是要从中吸取教训。20选A此空设于段首，是本段的主题句，本段讲述了要采用变通的方式去履行自己的决定。