Unit 1 Lesson 3 重点单词变形词组短语句型练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（北师大2019）.docx

1、Unit 1 Lesson 3 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习根据横线后所给词性和汉语提示，写出各单词正确形式。1. _n 类型 adj_典型的；一贯的；平常的 adv_典型地2. _ v 毕业 n_毕业生 n _毕业；毕业仪式3. _vt 鼓励；激励 n_激励；灵感_adj 令人鼓舞的_adj 感到鼓舞的4. _vt 申请；涂抹；应用 adj_应有的 n _申请者 n _申请；应用5. _adj热切的；渴望的 adv_热切地；渴望地 n _热切；期待6. _vi 依赖 n _依赖；依靠 _adj 依赖的 adv_依赖地7. _ n自主；不依赖 _adj 不依赖的；自主的 adv_独立地；

2、自主地8. _ n电；电力；权力 adj_有权力的9. _adj 稳定的 ant_不稳定的 n _稳定，可靠10. _n 灰尘；灰 adj_布满灰尘的11. _n 泥土 adj_泥泞的；多泥的12. _adj 苦难的；难办的 adv_苦难地；难办地 n _艰苦 13. _adj 负责任的；有责任心的 ant_不负责任的 adv_负责地n _ 负责；责任 14. _vt 吸引 n_吸引；引力_adj 有吸引力的；好看的，美观的15. _vi 大笑 n _笑声，笑16. _n 自信，信心，信赖 adj _自信的adv _自信地17. _vt 联系（某人） n_联系；联络 18. _vt 组织；安排

3、n_组织者 n_组织；协会_adj 有条理的；系统的19. _vt 贡献；捐献 n_贡献；捐款 n_贡献者20. _vt 计划；打算；想要 n_目的；意图 1. type, typical, typically 2. graduate, graduate, graduation 3. inspire, inspiration; inspiring, inspired 4. apply, applied, applicant, application 5. eager; eagerly, eagerness 6. depend, dependence, dependent, dependentl

4、y 7. independence, independent, independently 8. power, powerfully 9. stable, unstable, stability 10. dust, dusty 11. mud, muddy 12. tough, toughly, toughness 13. responsible, irresponsible, responsibly, responsibility 14. attract, attraction, attractive 15. laugh, laughter 16. confidence, confident

5、, confidently 17. contact, contact 18. organize, organizer, organization, organized 19. contribute, contribution, contributor 20. intend, intention一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1This programme was set up with the _(intend) of providing help for homeless people. 2We drove along a _(mud) track winding along the river

6、.3The children were very _ (disappoint) that we wouldnt go to the zoo.4Everybody burst into _ (laugh) when the man appeared on the stage in the funny hat.5Those who have made great _ (contribute) to human beings and society will never be forgotten.6He made an_（inspire）speech at the meeting and the i

7、nspired audience stood up and gave him a long and warm applause.7All of us are _(interest) in the _(interest) movie.8She felt rather _(frighten) that she shouldnt drive the car at such a frightening speed.9Scientists are_(convince) of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.10H

8、is ideas, although creative, are often difficult _ (apply) in practice. 11The only access to that building is along that _(mud) track.12The _(embarrassment) look on his face suggested that he hadnt expected that.13Learn from their mistakes and their successes, but also make sure to think _ (independ

9、ent).14She slept fitfully, her mind crowded with _ (confuse) dreams. 15He gave her an _(admire) look in the competition.16Who is responsible_ the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. 17Though he has lived in America for five years, he doesnt intend to appl

10、y_American citizenship.18It was really _ (annoy); I couldnt get access to the data bank you had recommended to me. 19His confident leadership successfully_ (inspire) his followers to finish the project on time. 20He knew every book in the store and would always pick the perfect one for us from a _(d

11、ust) shelf.21An interview allows the interviewer to assess the job _ (apply) to see if he or she is suitable for the position. 22His _ (contribute) was of great worth. 23The spokesman noted that the ability of military troops to operate _ (independent) had been overstated.24The flat was small but_(a

12、ttract), if rather shabby.25To a certain extent, we are all responsible_this tragic situation. 26The job market is still very weak; I cant see things getting any easier for _ (graduate). 27Class discussion is very important, but I couldnt make great _ (contribute) because of poor oral expression.28T

13、he rich man went abroad with the _ (intend) of trying his fortune, while the poor man wanted to learn some skills of earning money.29After graduation from senior high schools, students must be trained to live _ (depend). 30The man with a gun had a _ (satisfy) expression on his face.31This is one of

14、the _ (attract) aspects of her personality. 32After he_ (graduate) from college, he moved to Shanghai and got a better job. 33The film turned_ to be a great success.34He is a _(responsibility) person.35I dont think she intended me _（hear）the remark.二、根据汉语意思填写单词36He _(打算) to go abroad.37When hearing

15、the _ (失望的)news, the old man was very upset.38My teacher recommended me to _ (申请) for a job online. 39Did you _(毕业) from Tianjin University last year? 40A _(典型的) picture at that time was full of religious symbols.41They make a great _ (贡献) to their country.42Subjects were picked to _(激励) or entertai

16、n. 43Mary and Lily are twins, but Mary is the_ (负责) of the two. 44If you fail to pay your bill on time, you may have your water _ (供应) cut off. 45They shoot short videos _(以为特色) country life, which attract thousands of fans. 三、完成句子46忘记带礼物正是他的特点，大家都知道这一点。（typical）_, as we know.47我本打算去看你的，但没能去成。（inten

17、d）I _ _ to call on you, but was prevented from doing so.48People celebrate to show that they are _.人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。49这孩子既聪明又精力充沛。The child is smart _ _ _ energetic.50飞行员应对乘客的安全负责。The pilot of the plane should _ _ _ the passengers safety.51除此之外，还有六个申请这份工作的人。_, there are six other applicants fo

18、r the job.52_, Ive been involved in social activities.努力学习之余，我还参加了一些社交活动。53她放弃了自己的工作，加入丈夫的竞选中。She _ _ her job to join her husbands election campaign.54在出国前你需要申请签证。You need to _ _ a visa before you go abroad.55高中毕业后, 他参军了。After _senior high, he joined the army.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或

19、括号内单词的正确形式。 Never too old to learnI have just received a letter from my old school, _56_ (inform) me that my former headmaster, Mr. Stuart Page, will be retiring next week. Pupils of the school, old and new, will be sending him _57_ present to mark the occasion. All those _58_ have contributed towar

20、ds the gift will sign their names in a large album which will be sent to the _59_ (headmaster) home. We shall all remember Mr. Page for his _60_ (patient) and understanding and for the kind encouragement he gave us when we went so _61_ (willing) to school. A great many former pupils will be attendin

21、g a farewell dinner _62_ his honour next Thursday. _63_ is a curious coincidence that the day before his retirement, Mr. Page _64_(teacher) for a total of forty years. After he has retired, he will devote _65_ to gardening. For him, this will be an entirely new hobby. But this does not matter, for,

22、as he has often remarked, one is never too old to learn.参考答案：1intention【解析】考查名词。句意：这个计划是为了帮助无家可归的人而设立的。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写名词作宾语。根据句意，intend为动词，意为“打算”，其名词为intention，意为“目的，意图”，此处表示特指，故使用单数。故填intention。2muddy【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们沿着一条泥泞的、沿河蜿蜒的小道开车。此处修饰空后名词，应用形容词muddy“泥泞的”，作定语。故填muddy。3disappointed【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们

23、不去动物园，孩子们很失望。分析句子结构可知空前是be动词were，所以空处应用形容词做表语，主语是The children，是人，所以空处应用修饰形容人的disappointed意为“失望的”。故填disappointed。4laughter【解析】考查名词。句意：当那个戴着滑稽帽子的人出现在舞台上时，大家都大笑起来。空处应填名词作宾语，laughter笑，笑声，不可数名词，故填laughter。5contributions【解析】考查名词。句意：那些为人类和社会做出巨大贡献的人永远不会被忘记。空处应填名词作宾语，contribution贡献，可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填contributi

24、ons。6inspiring【解析】考查形容词。句意：他在会议上作了一场鼓舞人心的演讲，受到激励的观众站起来给他了长时间的热烈掌声。inspiring修饰的是“事”,意思是“鼓舞人心的”；而inspired修饰的是“人”，意为“受到鼓舞的”，根据句意，此处表示“鼓舞人心的演讲”，故填inspiring。7interested；interesting【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们都对这部有趣的电影感兴趣。 分析句子结构可知，第一个设空处缺少表语，第二个设空处缺少定语。结合句意以及提示词interest，第一个空应该填写interested作表语，意思是“感兴趣的”，第二个空应该填写interes

25、ting作定语修饰movie，意思是“有趣的”。故填写interested；interesting。8frightened【解析】考查形容词。句意： 她感到相当害怕，她不应该以这样可怕的速度开车。空出应用形容词做表语，修饰主语人，应用-ed结尾的形容词，表示“害怕的”，应用frightened，故填frightened。9convinced【解析】考查形容词。句意：科学家相信笑对身心健康有积极作用。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词are，空处应该用形容词做表语，主语是scientists，是人，所以应该用动词-ed形式的形容词。故填convinced。10to apply【解析】考查非谓语动词。

26、句意：他的想法虽然有创意，但往往难以付诸实践。分析可知，本句为“主语+be+形容词+to do”结构，其中不定式的主动形式表被动意义。故填to apply。11muddy【解析】考查形容词。句意：通往那栋大楼的唯一通道是那条泥泞的小路。分析句子可知，track为名词，前面用形容词作定语，mud泥泞，对应的形容词为muddy。故填muddy。12embarrassed【解析】考查形容词。句意：他脸上尴尬的表情表明他没有料到这一点。该空应用形容词作定语修饰名词look，结合句意可知用embarrassed“尴尬的”，修饰人或者人的表情。故填embarrassed。13independently【解

27、析】考查副词。句意：从他们的错误和成功中学习，但也一定要独立地思考。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词think，应用副词作状语。故填independently。14confusing【解析】考查形容词。句意：她睡得断断续续，满脑子都是令人难以理解的梦。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要表示“令人难以理解的”意思的形容词，做定语，修饰后面的名词dreams。故填confusing。15admiring【解析】考查形容词。句意：在比赛中他给了她一个赞赏的眼神。根据所给句子可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语修饰名词look，结合句意可知，此处表达“赞赏的，钦佩的”眼神，是对某人表达钦佩，因此需要使用-ing

28、形容词，故填admiring。16for【解析】考查介词。句意：在汽车制造商、消费者和律师中，谁负责这些汽车的运营尚不清楚。be responsible for (负责)。故填for。17for【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管他在美国已经住了五年了，但是他不打算申请美国公民。apply for意为“申请”，结合语意，设空处后面是American citizenship，则此处应填for，表示“申请美国公民”。故填for。18annoying【解析】考查形容词。句意：这真的很烦人；我无法使用你推荐给我的数据库。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，且主语it是物，应该用形容词的-ing形式。故填

29、annoying。19inspired【解析】考查时态。句意：他自信的领导成功地激励了他的追随者按时完成项目。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填inspired。20dusty【解析】考查形容词。句意：他知道店里的每一本书，并总是会从布满灰尘的书架上为我们挑选完美的书。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填形容词dusty，表示“布满灰尘的”，作定语，修饰名词shelf，故填dusty。21applicant【解析】考查名词。句意：面试可以让面试官评估求职者，看他或她是否适合这个职位。根据“to see if he or she is suitable for the posi

30、tion”可知，此处是指评估求职者，所以应用名词applicant表示“申请者”作宾语，且应用单数形式。故填applicant。22contribution【解析】考查名词。句意：他的贡献很有价值。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作主语；contribute的名词为contribution“贡献”；由空后was可知，空处名词需用单数。故填contribution。23independently【解析】考查副词。句意：这位发言人指出，军队独立作战的能力被夸大了。operate是动词，需用副词修饰。independent的副词是independently。故填independently。24attr

31、active【解析】考查形容词。句意：虽然有些老旧，这仍不失为一个漂亮的小公寓。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作表语；attract的形容词为attractive“吸引人的”。故填attractive。25for【解析】考查介词。句意：在某种程度上，我们都对这种悲惨的局面负有责任。分析句子且根据句意可知，空处涉及固定搭配be responsible for，表示“对.负责”，所以空处应填介词for。故填for。26graduates【解析】考查名词。句意：就业市场仍然很疲软；对毕业生来说，我看不到任何变得好转的事。此处意为“对毕业生来说”，graduate为名词，意为“毕业生”，为可数名词，

32、且此处为复数。故填graduates。27contributions【解析】考查名词。句意：课堂讨论非常重要，但由于口头表达能力差，我没能做出很大的贡献。空处应填名词作宾语，contribution“贡献”符合题意，make contributions“做贡献”是固定表达。故填contributions。28intention【解析】考查名词。句意：富人出国打算碰碰运气，而穷人则想学习一些赚钱的技能。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作“with”的宾语，“intend”意为“打算”，动词词性，对应的名词为“intention”，意为“打算，目的”，“with the intention of”意

33、为“打算，抱有的目的”。故填intention。29independently【解析】考查副词。句意：高中毕业后，学生必须学会独立生活。修饰动词live，应用副词independently表示“独立地”。故填independently。30satisfied【解析】考查形容词。句意：那个拿着枪的人脸上露出满意的表情。根据空后的名词可知，空处需要形容词做定语，satisfy的形容词有两种，satisfying “令人满意”，satisfied “感到满意的”，根据句意可知，他露出了感到满意的笑容。故填satisfied。31attractive【解析】考查形容词。句意：这是她个性中吸引人的方面之

34、一。修饰后文名词aspects，应用形容词attractive，作定语，故填attractive。32graduated【解析】考查时态。句意：大学毕业后，他搬到上海，找到了一份更好的工作。根据后文moved可知应用一般过去时。故填graduated。33out【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：这部电影结果很成功。“turn out.”为固定搭配，意为“最后是，结果是”。故填out。34responsible【解析】考查形容词。句意：他是一个有责任心的人。分析句子可知，空处需要填形容词responsible作定语修饰名词person。故填responsible。35to hear【解析】考查不定式作

35、宾语。句意：我不认为她想让我听到这句话。分析句子可知，intend一词为“打算，意图”。intend sb to do sth固定用法“打算让某人做某事”，故填to hear。36intended【解析】考查动词。句意：他打算出国。intend to do sth.打算做某事。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意，故填intended。37disappointing【解析】考查形容词。句意：听到这个令人失望的消息，老人非常难过。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词news，所以空处应是形容词作定语，结合所给中文提示词，disappointing“失望的”符合题意。故填disappointin

36、g。38apply【解析】考查动词。句意：我的老师建议我在网上申请一份工作。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词apply，固定搭配recommend sb. to do sth. (建议某人做某事)。故填apply。39graduate【解析】考查动词。句意：你去年从天津大学毕业了吗？根据汉语提示“毕业”以及设空处后面的from Tianjin University可知，此处需填动词graduate，作谓语。又因为该句是一般疑问句，句首有助动词Did，所以此处需用动词原形。故填graduate。40typical【解析】考查单词。句意：那时候画像的典型特征就是充满了宗教标志。分析句子结构可知

37、，空处应填形容词修饰空后的picture做定语，再根据中文提示词。典型的为“ typical”。故填typical。41contribution【解析】考查名词。句意：他们对国家做出巨大贡献。根据所给句子可知，此处需要使用名词被great修饰，结合短语“make a great contribution to”意为“为做贡献”，故填contribution。42inspire【解析】考查动词。句意：主题的选择是为了激励或娱乐。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应用动词inspire，表示“激励”，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式。故填inspire。43more responsible【解析】考查形容词

38、比较级。句意：Mary和Lily是双胞胎，但Mary是两个中更负责任的一个。根据汉语提示可知，responsible负责任的，形容词，结合空后的of the two可知，此处表示两者进行比较，应用形容词比较级。故填more responsible。44supply【解析】考查名词。句意：如果你不能按时付款，你可能会被切断供水。空格处用名词作宾语，“供应”是supply，water supply意为“供水”。故填supply。45featuring【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们拍摄以乡村生活为特色的短片，吸引了数千粉丝。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应用动词feature，分析句子结构，feat

39、ure作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语short videos之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填featuring。46It is typical of him to forget to bring a present【解析】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“做某事是某人的特点”句型为it be typical of sb. to do sth.；表示“忘记带礼物”短语为forget to bring a present。句子用一般现在时。故填It is typical of him to forget to bring a present。47 had intended【解析】考查动词短语和

40、过去完成时。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写谓语动词。intend to do 打算做某事，根据空后的was prevented可知，空前的事情先于此发生，故使用过去完成时。故填had intended。48grateful for the years supply of food【解析】考查短语。be grateful for 对感恩；supply of sth.某物的供应。根据句意，故填grateful for the years supply of food。49 as well as【解析】考查介词短语。句意：这孩子既聪明又精力充沛。根据句意分析可知，此处smart与energetic

41、是并列关系，“既又”英文表达为“as well as”。故填as；well；as。50 be responsible for【解析】考查动词短语。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“对负责”之意，be responsible for对负责，固定短语；情态动词should后需接动词原形。故填be； responsible ；for。51In addition/Besides【解析】考查固定搭配。空处是状语，所以“除此之外”应用介词短语in addition或副词besides作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填In addition/Besides。52As well as studying ha

42、rd【解析】考查介词短语及动名词。表示“除外还有”用短语as well as，放于句首，开头字母大写，As well as后接动名词，表示“努力学习”用studying hard。故填As well as studying hard。53 gave up【解析】考查动词短语和时态。根据中英文提示，空格处缺少谓语“放弃”，用固定短语give up，根据句意描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填gave up。【点睛】54 apply for【解析】考查动词短语。根据句意和前文need to do sth. (需要做某事)可知，表示“申请”应用动词（原形）短语apply for，构成不定式短语作宾语

43、。故填apply for。55graduating from【解析】考查非谓语动词和短语。根据中英文提示，空格处缺少“从毕业”，译为graduate from，after此处是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填graduating from。56informing57a58who59headmasters60patience61unwillingly62in63It64will have been teaching#will have taught65himself【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者收到母校来信，要为即将退休的前校长准备礼物的故事。56考查非谓语动词。句意：我刚收到母校的一封信，

44、通知我前校长斯图尔特佩奇先生将于下周退休。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，inform与逻辑主语a letter之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填informing。57考查冠词。句意：这所学校的新老学生将送他一件礼物以纪念这一时刻。结合语意，此处泛指“一件礼物”，空处应用不定冠词，present是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故填a。58考查定语从句。句意：所有为礼物捐款的人都将在一本大相册上签名，然后这本相册会被寄往校长家。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，先行词指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who引导从句。故填who。59考查名词所有格。句意：所有为

45、礼物捐款的人都将在一本大相册上签名，然后寄往校长家。结合语意，此处表示“校长的家”，空处应用名词所有格形式headmasters。故填headmasters。60考查名词。句意：我们都将铭记佩奇先生的耐心和理解，以及他在我们如此不情愿地上学时代给予我们的善意鼓励。分析句子结构，空处与understanding并列，作介词for的宾语，应用名词patience，表示“耐心”。故填patience。61考查副词。句意：我们都将铭记佩奇先生的耐心和理解，以及他在我们如此不情愿地上学时代给予我们的善意鼓励。空处修饰动词went，应用副词形式作状语，unwillingly是副词，表示“不情愿地”。故填u

46、nwillingly。62考查介词。句意：下周四，许多毕业的学生将参加为纪念他而举行的告别晚宴。in ones honour为固定短语，表示“纪念某人”。故填in。63考查代词。句意：在退休的前一天，佩奇将执教40年，这是一个奇怪的巧合。分析句子结构，that引导从句作真正主语，空处应用it作形式主语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。64考查时态。句意：在退休的前一天，佩奇将执教40年，这是一个奇怪的巧合。结合语意，teach这一动作从过去开始，到将来的时间结束，空处应用将来完成时，即will have taught；或强调teach这一动作在这段时间内是一直正在进行的，使用将来完成时进行时，即will have been teaching。故填will have been teaching/will have taught。65考查代词。句意：退休后，他将致力于园艺工作。devote oneself to sth.表示“致力于某事”，所以空处应用反身代词himself，表示“他自己”。故填himself。