Unit 1 重点单词变形词组短语句型练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）.docx

1、Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)基础词汇变形1._adj. 控制不严得，宽松的loosen v.松开，放松 2.fault n. 责任，过错_ adj. 有错误的_ adj. 完美无缺的3. resolve vt. 解决（问题，困难）_ n. 决心4. strategy n. 计谋，策略，行动计划_（pl.)计谋，策略5. breathe v.呼吸 _ n.呼吸，呼出的气_ adj. 上接不接下气的6. concern v. 关心 n. 忧虑，担心_ adj.担心的_ prep.关于7. annoy vt. 使烦恼 _

2、 n. 烦恼，恼怒_ adj. 令人生气的 _ adj. 感到生气的8. adjust vt. 适应，使习惯_n. 适应，调整9.embarrass vt. 使尴尬_n. 尴尬 _ adj. 令人尴尬的 _ adj. 感到尴尬的10. criticize vt. 批评，指责_ n批评_ n批评家_ adj. 批判的11. _adv.坦率地，坦诚地frank adj. 坦率的，坦诚的12. late adj. 晚的，迟的_ n.后者 _ adj. 最近的 _ adv. 最近 _adv. 后来，随后13. depend v. 依靠，依赖 _ n.依靠 _ n.独立 _ adj. 独立的14. ho

3、nesty n.诚实_ adj. 诚实的 _ adj.不诚实的重点词组1. help out _2. let down _3. let off steam _4. loose lips sink ships _5. take a breath _6. pull ones weight _7. by accident _8. in a mess _9. be angry with _10. be sure to do sth._11. apologize to sb _12. communicate with sb. _13. white lies _14. tell a lie _15. to

4、 tell the truth _16. protect sb from. _17. to what extent _18. hide.from. _一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1Not what he did but what he said makes me _ (annoy). 2_(base) upon their expressed thoughts, this text examines the songs they sing, the rhythms3Its not your fault, and you could_(forgive) for missing the train

5、. 4_ (absorb) in appreciating the painting, he was unaware of the dangerous situation. 5A further round of talks will _(need) if they want to make a better _(resolve). 6Without a word more_ (speak), she left the meeting room. 7_(confront) with these difficulties, what you need is something like stre

6、ngth or _(brave).8As is known to us, the _ (independent) you are, the better your life will be.9Despite modern societys heavy_(depend) on fossil fuels for energ,y, most people are aware that the supply of these fuels is limited.10_(frank) speaking, he is not so bad as you might think. 11The beauty o

7、f the city consists_its magnificent buildings. 12He took a deep _ (breathe), and began to climb the stairs to No. 7 Floor. 13He took a deep _ (breathe) and continued with his training. 14Many people were _ (concern) about their physical health at the beginning of the pandemic. 15The owner fastened t

8、he belt _ (loose) around the pet dogs neck.16Ive made a few _(adjust) to the design. 17The _ (powerful) the car is, the more difficult it is to handle. 18Many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault _ youngsters performances. 19Do you find yourself getting _(annoy) with people over u

9、nimportant things? 20You may skip through a book, reading only those passages _(concern). 21While we were hiking in the Gobi, some support cars followed us all the way to help keep us _ (supply). 22You wont apologize to me, in _ case, I have no more to say.23Look! The window is broken. Someone damag

10、ed it _ purpose.That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _ accident.24_ (compare) with other children of the same age, Robert is very tall. 25Nancy had to shout to make herself _ (hear) above the noise of the traffic. 26I cant focus on anything because I feel_(embarrass)and ashamed. 27The theatr

11、e was so small that they refused to let _any more people. 28Lynn isnt prepared to speak to you unless she receives an_（apologise）for what you said. 29To my_(annoy), the fan didnt work on the hottest night of the month! 30You shall never _ (forgive) if you hurt her like that. 二、根据汉语意思填写单词31She was to

12、o disappointed and _ (撕) the letter into pieces. 32Mr. Davies was _(烦恼的、恼火的) that the books were missing. 33I dont like swimming;_(此外，而且), the water is too cold. 34Have you shared the learning _ (策略)with your partner?35Finally Kate _ (原谅) her and they became good friends again. 36_(与比较) with them, w

13、ere more confident of success. 37_ (委派) by the King and Queen of Spain, Columbus departed with three ships. 38If you get _ (埋没) in the snow, dig an air pocket to be able to keep breathing. 39The game, originally _ (安排) on 14 November 2022, was not played as the Australian team decided not to travel

14、to Iran. 40_ (沉迷) to surfing the Net, many young children have lost interest in study. 三、完成句子41_ _ our parents, we have greater opportunities to have a good time.与我们的父母相比，我们有更多的机会来享受一段美好的时光。42Did you do this _? 你这样做是有意的还是无意的?43受到他的话的鼓舞，他们下决心实现他们想要的。_ , they have made up their minds to achieve what t

15、hey want.44I was astonished by the size and_ of the problem. 这个问题的复杂性和涉及面之广使我感到惊讶。45_ (bury) in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left. _ (bury) himself in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left. Because he _ (bury) in his study, he didnt know that all the others had le

16、ft. 他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sometimes we have a fight _46_ a friend. Many times, you find that you even forget what the fight was about. You just seem to be _47_ (anger), and then stop _48_ (talk) to each other. Time goes by and you realize that you miss _49_

17、 friendship, and wish you could talk to your friend again. And _50_ (probable) your friend feels the same way as you do. So how can you get out of the fight without _51_ (hurt) your feelings?Leave the argument alone, and avoid communication. If you talk right after fight, you will say many words out

18、 of anger. However, do not wait too long. It will become hard _52_ (make) up the relationship after too long waiting. So after the fight calms down, make sure you talk to the person before it is too late. Say sorry if you should take the _53_ (responsible) for the fight.Maybe it is your friends faul

19、t(过错) and you have done nothing wrong. In that case, wait until he _54_ (say) he is sorry! And if he doesnt, hes not worth your time. You can spend the time with other friends _55_ have great regard for your friendship.参考答案：重点词转1.loose adj. 控制不严得，宽松的loosen v.松开，放松 2.fault n. 责任，过错faulty adj. 有错误的fau

20、ltless adj. 完美无缺的3. resolve vt. 解决（问题，困难）resolution n. 决心4. strategy n. 计谋，策略，行动计划strategies（pl.)计谋，策略5. breathe v.呼吸 breath n.呼吸，呼出的气breathless adj. 上接不接下气的6. concern v. 关心 n. 忧虑，担心 concerned adj.担心的 concerning prep.关于7. annoy vt. 使烦恼 annoyance n. 烦恼，恼怒 annoying adj. 令人生气的 annoyed adj. 感到生气的8. adju

21、st vt. 适应，使习惯adjustment n. 适应，调整9.embarrass vt. 使尴尬.embarrassment n. 尴尬 embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的 embarrassed adj. 感到尴尬的10. criticize vt. 批评，指责criticism n批评critic n批评家 critical adj. 批判的11. frankly adv.坦率地，坦诚地frank adj. 坦率的，坦诚的12. late adj. 晚的，迟的 latter n.后者 latest adj. 最近的 lately adv. 最近 later adv. 后来

22、，随后13. depend v. 依靠，依赖 dependence n.依靠 independence n.独立 independent adj. 独立的14. honesty n.诚实 honest adj. 诚实的 dishonest adj.不诚实的【过短语】1. help out 帮一把2. let down 使失望，辜负3. let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪4. loose lips sink ships 祸从口出5. take a breath 吸一口气6. pull ones weight 做好分内事，尽责7. by accident 偶然，意外地8. in a m

23、ess 一团糟9. be angry with 对.生气10. be sure to do sth. 一定会做某事11. apologize to sb 向某人道歉12. communicate with sb. 和某人交流13. white lies 善意的谎言14. tell a lie 说谎15. to tell the truth 说实话16. protect sb from. 保护某人免受.17. to what extent 到何种程度18. hide.from. 隐藏.以躲避.1annoyed【详解】考查形容词。句意：惹恼我的不是他做了什么而是他说了什么。根据前文makes me

24、可知，此处应用annoy以ed结尾的形容词，修饰人，作宾语补足语。故填annoyed。2Based【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：基于他们表达的思想，本文研究了他们所唱的歌曲、节奏be based upon基于，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。根据句意，故填Based。3be forgiven【详解】考查语态。句意：这不是你的错，你错过了火车是可以原谅的。could后接动词原形，主语you与forgive为被动关系。故填be forgiven。4Absorbed【详解】考查过去分词。句意在专注于欣赏这幅画时，他没有意识到危险的情况。be absorbed in doing sth为固定短语，表

25、示“全神贯注做某事”本句为过去分词作状语。故填Absorbed。5 be needed resolution【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：如果他们想要达成更好的解决方案，就需要进行进一步的谈判。分析句子，第一空中使用动词作谓语，与空前的will构成一般将来时，此处a further round of talks与need之间是被动关系，故使用一般将来时的被动语态。同时第二空中使用resolve的名词resolution作宾语，意为“解决方案”。故答案为 be needed；resolution。6spoken【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她没再说什么，就离开了会议室。分析句式结构可知，空格处应

26、该是用非谓语动词做宾补，又因为speak和word之间是被动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的过去分词作宾补表被动。故填spoken。7 Confronted bravery【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：面对这些困难，你需要的是力量或勇气。分析句子，第一空中应该使用分词作状语，表示“面临”用confront with，和逻辑主语you之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，同时该空置于句首，首字母应该大写；第二空中应该使用名词作宾语，与strength构成并列结构，brave为形容词，意为“勇敢的”，其形容词为bravery。故答案为Confronted；bravery。8more independent

27、【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：我们都知道，你越独立，你的生活就会越好。此处为固定短语“the+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级”，表示“越，越”，independent为多音节词，故前面要添加more。故填more independent。9dependence【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管现代社会严重依赖化石燃料作为能源，大多数人意识到这些燃料的供应是有限的。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词dependence“依靠，依赖”，不可数名词。故填dependence。10Frankly【详解】考查副词。句意：坦率地说，他没有你想的那么坏。根据speaking可知此处要用副词，作状语，fra

28、nkly speaking“坦率地说”。故填Frankly。11in【详解】考查介词。句意：这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。consist in“在于；存在于”是固定短语，符合句意。故填in。12breath【详解】考查名词。句意：他深吸了一口气，开始爬楼梯到七楼。分析句子结构，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，设空处需填breathe的名词形式，breath意为“呼吸”，是名词。Take a deep breath为固定短语，意为“深吸一口气”。故填breath。13breath【详解】考查名词。句意：他深呼吸，继续训练。take a deep breath“深呼吸”是固定短语，形容词修饰名词

29、，作take的宾语，不定冠词修饰单数名词，故填breath。14concerned【详解】考查形容词。句意：在大流行病开始时，许多人担心自己的身体健康。空处作表语，表示“担心”应用形容词concerned作表语。故填concerned。15loosely【详解】考查副词。句意：主人松开了宠物狗脖子上的带子。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词fastened。故填loosely。16adjustments【详解】考查名词。句意：我对设计做了一些调整。空处作宾语，表示“调整”可知应填名词adjustment，且由a few修饰应用复数形式。故填adjustments。17more powerful

30、【详解】考查固定句型和形容词比较级。句意：汽车马力越大，越难驾驭。固定句型the +比较级+主谓，the +比较级+主谓，意为“越，越”，故填more powerful。18with【详解】考查介词。句意：许多家长和教练关注结果 ，对年轻人的表演挑毛病。 find fault with，固定短语，“挑毛病，挑剔”，故填with。19annoyed【详解】考查形容词。句意：你是否发现自己会因为一些不重要的事情而对别人生气？此处作表语，应用形容词annoyed，表示“生气的”。故填annoyed。20concerned【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以跳过一本书，只读有关的段落。空处需填非谓语动

31、词作后置定语，修饰名词those passages，concern和those passages为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填concerned。21supplied【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们在戈壁徒步旅行时，一些支援车一路跟着我们，以帮助我们提供补给 。分析句子可知，supply“供应；补充”，作宾语补足语，与宾语us是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。故填supplied。22which【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你不会向我道歉，那样的话，我就没有什么好说的了。固定短语in which case“在这种情况下；那样的话”，故填which。23 on by【详解】考查介词。句意

32、：看！窗户破了。有人故意弄坏的。那可能是对的。但也许是不小心打碎的。介词短语on purpose“故意地”是固定搭配，符合空1句意；by accident“意外地”是固定搭配，符合空2句意。故空1填on；空2填by。24Compared【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与同龄的孩子相比，罗伯特个子很高。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Robert和compare为逻辑动宾关系，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Compared。25heard【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：南茜不得不大声喊叫以使自己的声音盖过车辆的嘈杂声。根据句意可知，hear与herself是逻辑动宾关系，

33、应用过去分词作宾语补足语，表被动。故填heard。26embarrassed【详解】考查形容词。句意：我不能集中注意力，因为我感到既尴尬又羞愧。空处应用形容词作表语，表示人的主观感受，应用v-ed形式的形容词。故填embarrassed。【点睛】27in【详解】考查介词。句意：剧院太小了，所以他们不再让更多的人进来。let in“让进入”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填in。28apology【详解】考查名词。句意：林恩不准备跟你说话，除非你为你所说过的话向她道歉。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作receive的宾语，所给词apologise为动词，其名词apology符合题意。前面有不定冠词，该空用名

34、词单数。故填apology。29annoyance【详解】考查名词。句意：令我恼火的是，风扇在这个月最热的晚上不工作！分析可知，空处应用名词作宾语，annoyance“恼怒，生气，烦恼”是不可数名词，to ones annoyance“令某人恼火的是”。故填annoyance。【点睛】30be forgiven【详解】考查被动语态。句意：如果你那样伤害她，她永远也不会原谅你。根据句意和所给动词forgive分析句子可知，句子的主语和动词forgive之间是被动关系，所以句子应该用被动语态；再由句中的shall可知，shall后应该用动词原形。故填be forgiven。31tore【详解】考查

35、动词时态。句意：她太失望了，把信撕成了碎片。根据汉语提示“撕”及空前的She was too disappointed and可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时tore。故填tore。32annoyed【详解】考查形容词。句意：戴维斯先生对丢书这件事感到恼火。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“烦恼的、恼火的”对应的形容词annoyed，作表语。故填annoyed。33moreover/furthermore/additionally/besides【详解】考查副词。句意：我不喜欢游泳；而且水太凉了。空处作状语修饰后一个分句，应用副词形式，结合汉语提示可知，moreover/furthermor

36、e/additionally/besides符合题意，故填moreover/furthermore/additionally/besides。34strategy#strategies【详解】考查名词。句意：你和你的搭档分享过学习策略吗？根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词strategy/strategies“策略”单复数都可以，满足句意要求。故填strategy/strategies。35forgave【详解】考查时态。句意：最后凯特原谅了她，他们又成了好朋友。根据并列谓语became时态可知，谓语动词forgive用一般过去时。故填forgave。36Compared【详解】考查非谓语动词。

37、句意：与他们相比，我们对成功更有信心。“与比较”用动词compare；分析句子可知，“(与比较) with them”作比较状语，compare是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，表示“我们被拿来与他们相比较”，用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Compared。37Appointed【详解】考查动词。句意：在西班牙国王和王后的任命下，哥伦布带着三艘船出发了。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词appoint；分析句子可知，本句有谓语departed，空处填非谓语动词，appoint与 Columbus之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词，作状语；首字母大写。故填Apoointed

38、。38buried【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你被埋在雪中，挖一个气窝以保持呼吸。根据汉语提示“埋没”可知，空格处涉及单词“bury”，意为“埋没”，动词词性，句中有动词“get”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“you”和“bury”为被动关系，故应用“bury”的过去分词“buried”。故填buried。39arranged【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这场比赛原本安排于2022年11月14日进行，但由于澳大利亚队决定不前往伊朗，因此没有比赛。根据汉语提示，空处应用动词arrange，表示“安排”，分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，arrange与逻辑主语The game之间是被动关系，应

39、用过去分词形式作状语。故填arranged。40Addicted【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沉迷于上网，许多年轻的孩子们失去了学习的兴趣。分析句子结构，谓语是have lost，空格处在句中作状语，结合汉语提示“沉迷”是短语be addicted to，作非谓语动词时，去掉be动词，用过去分词addicted，它也是一个形容词，首字母大写。故填Addicted。41 Compared with【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。表示“与相比”含义的动词短语为comparewith，分析句子结构，空白处在句子中不作谓语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，需使用过去分词，

40、故答题空1填Compared，答题空2填with。42by design or by accident【详解】考查介词短语。分析句意可知，表示“有意的”可用介词短语by design；表示“无意的”可用介词短语by accident；因为两者之间是选择关系，所以用连词or连接。故答案为by design or by accident。43Inspired by what he said/his words【详解】考查过去分词、宾语从句、时态和名词。be inspired by (受到鼓舞)，该空作状语，用过去分词短语inspired by，“他的话”可用what引导的宾语从句表达（what在从

41、句中作say的宾语，时态一般过去时），也可用his words作宾语，首字母大写。故填Inspired by what he said/his words。44complexity【详解】考查名词。结合句意表示“复杂性”可知应填名词complexity作宾语，不可数。故填complexity。45 Buried Burying was buried【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。分析句子结构，空作非谓语动词，be buried in为固定短语，表示“埋头于”，作状语时直接去掉be动词即可，置于句首，首字母大写，即Buried；空作非谓语动词，bury与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式

42、作状语，置于句首，首字母大写，即Burying；空在because引导的原因状语从句中作谓语，根据句中didnt可知，句子描述过去的情况，从句应用一般过去时，be buried in为固定短语，表示“埋头于”，主语是he，be动词应用was，即was buried。故填Buried，Burying，was buried。46with47angry48talking49the50probably51hurting52to make53responsibility54says55that#who【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和朋友吵架时，应该如何做。46考查介词。句意：有时候我们会和朋友吵

43、架。have a fight with sb.固定搭配，意为“和某人打架”，故填with。47考查形容词。句意：你只是看起来很生气，然后就不跟对方说话了。此次应用形容词angry作表语，故填angry。48考查非谓语动词。句意：你只是看起来很生气，然后就不跟对方说话了。stop doing sth.固定搭配，意为“停止做某事”，故填talking。49考查冠词。句意：随着时间的流逝，你意识到你错过了友谊，并希望你能再次与你的朋友交谈。此处特指上文提到的你和朋友之间的友谊，应用定冠词the来修饰，故填the。50考查副词。句意：也许你的朋友和你有同样的感觉。此处应用副词probably作状语，修

44、饰整个句子，故填probably。51考查非谓语动词。句意：那么你怎样才能在不伤害自己感情的情况下停止吵架呢？介词without后面应用动名词作宾语，故填hurting。52考查非谓语动词。句意：在等待太久之后，要弥补这段关系会变得很困难。it is+形容词+to do，意为“做某事是”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故填to make。53考查名词。句意：如果你要为这场斗争负责，就说声对不起。此处应用名词作宾语，take the responsibility for sth.“为承担责任”，故填responsibility。54考查时态。句意：这样的话，等他说对不起吧！空处在until引导的状语从句中作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为he，故填says。55考查定语从句。句意：你可以和其他非常重视你们友谊的朋友一起度过这段时间。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词friends，指人，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that/who，故填that/who。