Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 单元基础知识精准练习2021-2022学年高一上学期英语人教版（2019）必修第一册.docx

1、BIU3 SPORTS AND FITNESS一、根据汉语提示，在具体语境中写出单词的正确形式。（每个1分，共15分）1. An _ (大事) is something that happens, especially when it is unusual or important. 2. A _ (足迹) is a rough path or road, usually one that has not been built but that has been made by people walking there. 3. _ (汗水) is the salty colourless li

2、quid which comes through your skin when you are hot, sick, or afraid. 4. _ (传说) has it that the lake was formed by the tears of a god. 5. An _ (运动健儿) is a person who is good at sports and physical exercise. 6. An _ (荣誉) is a special award that is given to someone, usually because they have done some

3、thing good or because they are greatly respected. 7. _ (荣耀) is the fame and admiration that you gain by doing something impressive. 8. A _ (奖章) is a small metal disc which is given as an award for bravery or as a prize in a sports event. 9. If you take something _ (分离，分开), you separate it into the p

4、ieces that it is made of. 10. (2018北京卷) Humans produce more than 300 _ (百万) tons of plastic every year. 11. If you are _ (积极的) about things, you are hopeful and confident, and think of the good aspects of a situation rather than the bad ones. 12. A _ (苗条的) person has an attractively thin and well-sh

5、aped body. 13. If you are on a _ (规定饮食), you eat special kinds of food or you eat less food than usual because you are trying to lose weight. 14. _ (压力) is pressure or worry caused by the problems in sbs life. Pressure is force that you produce when you press hard on something. 15. An _ (差错，偏差) is s

6、omething you have done that is considered to be incorrect or wrong, or that should not have been done. If you make a mistake, you do something which you did not intend to do, or which produces a result that you do not want. 二、词形转换，根据括号内所给单词，写出该单词的正确形式。（每个1分，共15分）1. (2020全国卷I) We are often ashamed of

7、 our shortcomings, our mistakes and our _ (failure). 2. (2015北京卷) One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went _ (ski) at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. 3. If a country, city, or organization _ (host) an event, they provide the facilities for the event to take place. 4. (2016全国卷) By _ (track) peoples e-mail

8、s and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. 5. (2018北京卷) The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up _ (sweat) and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. 6. It takes pa

9、tience and hard work _ (master) English writing. 7. If someone _ (honour), they are given public praise or an award for something they have done. 8. (2018北京卷) A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles _ (injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Y

10、et, I was determined to go ahead. 9. When one firm or country _ (compete) with another, it tries to get people to buy its own goods in preference to those of the other firm or country. You can also say that two firms or countries compete. 10. (2014北京卷) The boys in my class often joked about her and

11、laughed their heads off. She would open a book, _ (pretend) to read, with tears dropping on the open page. 11. When someone _ (cheat), they do not obey a set of rules which they should be obeying, for example in a game or exam. 12. The first two or three days of a _ (slim) diet are not difficult, bu

12、t then I always find it hard to keep it up. 13. If you _ (diet), you eat special kinds of food or you eat less food than usual because you are trying to lose weight. 14. Many old people go _ (jog) in the park in the early morning, running slowly and steadily for a long time for exercise. 15. If some

13、one _ (stress) a point in a discussion, they put extra emphasis on it because they think it is important. 三、词性转化，根据括号内所给单词，写出该单词的正确形式。（每个1分，共15分）1. (2017天津卷) I consulted with a physician (内科医生), I hired a _ (fit) coach, and I began to eat small and healthy meals. 2. （2020全国新高考卷) Judges will choose u

14、p to 50 _ (honour) mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight. 3. If you describe something that is _ (glory), you are emphasizing (强调) that it is wonderful and it makes you feel very happy. 4. (2020全国新高考卷) Write a poem about how courage, _ (determine), and s

15、trength have helped you face challenges in your life. 5. A helmet (头盔) can protect your head from _ (injure).6. It takes kindness and courage to win and lose _ (graceful).7. Union is _ (strong). Please _ (strength) your cooperation. 团结就是力量，请加强你们的合作。8. (2015天津卷) It was usually because I had let fear

16、of _ (fail) stop me from trying at all. 9. (2019全国卷III) When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _ (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. 10. (2014浙江卷) It taught me the most valuable lesson over the years of my teaching career,

17、and Im thankful that it came early and _ (positive). A small kindness can indeed make a difference. 11. It is often useful to make a _ (compare) between two things. 12. (2014浙江卷) Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office even simple views of trees and flowers felt their job

18、s were less _ (stress) and more satisfying. 13. A _ (pretend) is an action or way of behaving that is intended to make people believe something that is not true. 14. If you describe an event or a period of time as _ (event), you mean that a lot of interesting, exciting, or important things have happ

19、ened during it. 15. The _ (host) at a party is the woman who has invited the guests and provides the food, drink, or entertainment. 四、用所给出的短语词块填空。（每个1分，共15分）come along; track and field; work out; make it; set an example; fall apart; lose heart; give up; make sense; pretend to do sth; even if / thoug

20、h; make a difference; rather than; cut out; now and then; compare with / to 1. If you _ (解决) a solution to a problem or mystery, you manage to find the solution by thinking or talking about it. 2. Theres a barbecue tonight and youre very welcome to _ (一起来). 3. (2014浙江卷) A small kindness can indeed _

21、 (有影响). 4. (2014浙江卷) Facing up to your problems _ (而不是) running away from them is the best approach to working things out. 5. (2018浙江卷) But many social norms (规范) just dont _ (讲得通) to people drowning in digital communication. 6. He _ (树立榜样) all of us by risking his life to save the drowning boy that

22、 day. 7. If an organization or system _ (瓦解), it becomes disorganized or unable to work effectively, or breaks up into its different parts. 8. If you _ (假装知道) what you dont know, youll only make a fool of yourself.9. (2016北京卷) My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _ (即是) hes in his ninetie

23、s. 10. You need to lift your head _ (时不时地) when youre reading, which is good for your eyes. 11. It is a good method of study to _ things known _ things unknown. 把尚未认识的事物与已经认识的事物加以比较是一种好的研究方法。12. (2019全国卷I) The team hopes to _ (成功) to market in the near future.13. (2017全国卷) Her father Peter, 44, want

24、s her to _ (放弃) school to model full-time. 14. Some people _ (失去信心) when they come across failures while others rise to the challenge. 15. But if I _ (剪掉) those sections, wont it be too short?五、句式结构练习，请画出句中表示“一 就 ”的词汇部分。（每个1分，共10分）课本原句：Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things

25、 began to change. (P42) 句式提取：表示“一就”句式的多种英文表达1. Once this difficulty is overcome, other problems will be easy to solve. 2. As soon as I get to Shanghai, Ill drop you a line. 3. Once seen ( = Once it is seen ), it can never be forgotten. 4. I came directly I got your message. 5. Immediately shed gone,

26、 I remembered her name. 6. Dont back up the moment you run up against a little difficulty. 7. I knew he wasnt trustworthy the minute I set eyes on him! 8. No sooner had the game begun than it started raining. 9. On his arrival in Paris, the famous film star was recognized and surrounded by his fans.

27、 10. On seeing it, he can not help recall his bitter past. 六、本单元语法专项练。（每个1分，共10分）【反义疑问句小辑】1. He likes playing football, _? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 2. His sister didnt attend the meeting, _? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？ Yes, she did. 不，她参加了。/ No, she didnt. 是的，她没参加。3. He must be a doctor, _?4. He must have f

28、inished it yesterday, _?5. Youd better read it by yourself, _?6. There is something wrong with your watch, _?7. Lets go and listen to the music, _? 8. Let us wait for you in the reading-room, _？9. It is impossible, _? 10. He is not unkind to his classmates, _? 七、课文语法填空。（每个1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单

29、词或括号内单词的正确形式。LIVING LEGENDSLang PingAs a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China womens volleyball team to _1_ (medal) at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping _2_ (love) by fans at home and abroad. When the Chinese team _3_ (pr

30、epare) for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. _4_ (lose) two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose he

31、art. She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks _5_ (late), they were world champions！Then in 20l6, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil. Michael JordanWhen Michael Jordans feet left the ground,

32、 time seemed to stand still. The player who became _6_ (know) as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordans skills were _7_ (impress) , but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. J

33、ordan says that _8_ secret to his success is learning from his failures. “I can accept failure; everyone fails at something. _9_ I cant accept not trying. Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success_10_ others. The Boys and Girls Club

34、 which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 八、书面表达 （25分）近年来不少大学新生在入学体检中诊断出（be diagnosed with）患有高血压（high blood pressure,），高血脂（high blood fat）等老年病。请针对这一现象谈谈你对高中学生就如何保持身体健康提出你的看法及建议。1. 多吃水果蔬菜，保持饮食平衡，避免吃含糖、脂肪高的食物。2. 多锻炼，强身健体，减轻压力，改掉不良习惯。3. 注意：词数：不少于100。（开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。）When

35、new college students are having physical examinations, many of them are diagnosed with high blood fat and high blood pressure that are commonly found among the aged people. This has aroused considerable public concern. _In conclusion, if we stick to the advice given above and keep a good mood, we wi

36、ll have good health. 【B1U3单词串记，以“人”为本】host 主人，东道主，节目主持人hostess 女主人，女主持人athlete 运动员，运动健儿master 高手，主人champion 冠军，优胜者captain （运动队）队长；船长；机长competitor 对手，竞争者cheat 骗子legend 传奇人物 audience 观众；听众jogger 慢跑者player 运动员，比赛者coach 教练 【拓展：熟词新义】写出下划线单词的意思。1. Its the difference between a pass and a fail. _2. The brak

37、es on my bike failed half way down the hill. _3. (2011新课标全国卷，34) William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. _4. Words fail me. (= I cannot express how I feel) . 5. He failed his driving test. _6. So far this year, more than 100 banks have failed. _7. The

38、 power failed so they lit the kerosene lamps and moved closer to the fire burning brightly in the fireplace. _8. I will give you a present on your birthday without fail. _ 9. If you say that someone is a failure, you mean that they have not succeeded in a particular activity, or that they are unsucc

39、essful at everything they do. _10. The whole thing was a complete failure. _11. Failure is the fog through which we glimpse triumph. 透过失败的迷雾才能窥见胜利的光辉。12. The true failure is the failure to learn from failure. 真正的失败是未能从失败中汲取教训。答案：1. n. （考试）不及格 2. vi. 出故障 3. vi. 衰退 4. vt. 使失望 5. vt. 不及格 6. 倒闭 7. 停电 8.

40、 务必，必定 9. 失败者 10. 失败的事 KEYS TO BIU3 SPORTS AND FITNESS一、1. event 2. track 3. Sweat 4. Legend 5. athlete 6. hono(u)r (侧重敬意或奖章、奖金) 7. Glory (侧重名望、赞誉) 8. medal 9. apart 10. million 11. positive 12. slim 13. diet 14. Stress 15. error 二、1. failures 2. skiing 3. hosts 4. tracking 5. sweating 6. to master

41、7. is hono(u)red 8. was / had been injured 9. competes 10. pretending 11. cheats 12. slim 13. are dieting 14. jogging 15. stresses 三、1. fitness n. 健康 2. hono(u)rable adj. 荣誉的，值得尊敬的 3. glorious adj. 光荣的，值得称道的 4. determination n. 决心，果断 5. injuries n. （身体）损害；（感情）伤害 6. gracefully adv. 优雅地 7. strength n.

42、 体力，力量; strengthen vt. 巩固，加强 8. failure n. 失败，故障 9. competition n. 比赛，竞争 10. positively adv. 乐观地 11. comparison n. 比较，对照 12. stressful adj. 紧张的，有压力的 13. pretence n. 伪装，借口 14. eventful adj. 多事的，重大的 15. hostess n. 女主持人，女主人 四、1. work out 2. come along 3. make a difference 4. rather than 5. make sense 6

43、. set an example to 7. falls apart 8. pretend to know 9. even though / if 10. (every) now and then 11. compare; with 12. make it 13. give up 14. lose heart 15. cut out 五、1. Once 2. As soon as 3. Once 4. directly 5. Immediately 6. the moment 7. the minute 8. No sooner than 9. On 10. On 六、1. doesnt he

44、 2. did she 3. isnt he 4. didnt he 5. hadnt you 6. isnt there 7. shall we 8. will you 9. isnt it 10. is he 七、1. medals 2. is loved 3. was preparing 4. Losing 5. later 6. known 7. impressive 8. the 9. But 10. with 八、When new college students are having physical examinations, many of them are diagnose

45、d with high blood fat and high blood pressure that are commonly found among the aged people. This has aroused considerable public concern. As we all know, health is far more important than wealth. Good health enables us to enjoy our life and achieve what we hope for in our career. On the contrary, p

46、oor health leads to nothing. Since health is so important, how to keep good health? Firstly, it is very important for us to take more fruits and vegetables because they provide vitamins, and we have to keep a balanced diet. So we should avoid eating food with lots of sugar and fat. Secondly, wed bet

47、ter exercise every day to make our bodies strong. Besides, we have to avoid too much work pressure. Finally, we have to get rid of those bad habits that damage our health, such as drinking and smoking. In conclusion, if we stick to the advice given above and keep a good mood, we will have good health.