Unit 4 Natural Disasters：Period 4 Reading for Writing【讲义】（人教2019版）.docx

1、必修Book 1 Unit 4 Natural DisastersPeriod 4 Reading for Writing01预习导学1 /kr/ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n. 2 /swip/ vt. & vi.( ， )打扫；清扫 消灭；彻底消除3 /wev/n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手4 /strak/ vi.& vt. ( ， / )侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击5 /dlv(r)/vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表6 /smri/ n总结；概括；概要7 /fekt/ n影响；结果；效果8 /le/ n长；长度02语篇理解Step 1Prewriting1W

2、hat is a tsunami? What causes it? Will it cause great damage to humans? 2What is the writing style of this text? Step 2Whilewriting 1输入为先，阅读梳理文脉Task 1：文本整体理解： 关注布局谋篇Whats the news report about? Where can we locate the main idea?The passage is mainly about . Usually of a report suggests the main idea

3、.Task 2：文本细节理解：选择最佳答案()1What caused the tsunami? AA hurricane.BA typhoon.CA flood.DAn earthquake.()2What was the magnitude of the earthquake that happened on 27 December, 2004?A7.0.B9.0.C7.5.D6.0.()3Why were food and supplies hard to deliver?ABecause there was not enough food and supplies.BBecause r

4、escue teams dared not go.CBecause conditions were dangerous and roads were destroyed.DBecause governments didnt organise rescue teams.03语言学习1The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indones

5、ia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries.昨天，40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他四个国家6500多人在海啸中丧生。(教材P54) crash vi.&vt.(to have an accident)碰撞，撞击； n(汽车、飞机等) 撞车(机)事故(1)crash into/onto撞上(2)a car/plane crash车祸/飞机失事with a crash轰隆一声 【活学活用】(1)They had a narrow escape when

6、 their car crashed他们的汽车撞毁时，他们真是死里逃生。(2)The plane a mountainside, killing all aboard.飞机坠毁在山腰，机上人员全部遇难。(3)We could hear waves (crash) against the shore.我们能听到海浪拍击海岸的声音。(4)The vase landed on the floor a crash.花瓶砰的一声掉在地板上。句型公式：killing more than 6，500 people为现在分词短语作结果状语。(1)现在分词作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果。(2)不定式作结果

7、状语常表示出乎意料的结果。 【活学活用】(1)He is always late for class， (make)his teacher angry.他上学总是迟到， 使老师很生气。(2)She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground， (break) it into pieces.她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。(3)He hurried to the theatre, only (find) that the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙赶到剧院，却发现票已经卖完了。2Fishermen

8、，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. 渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被9级地震引起的巨浪卷走了。(教材P54)wave n.(a line of raised water that moves across the surface of the sea, ocean, etc.)波浪，波涛；(a movement of your arm and hand from side to

9、side)挥手v.波动；起伏；挥手wave goodbye to sb.向某人挥手告别向某人挥手wave after wave 一波又一波 【活学活用】(1)She refused my suggestion with a wave of her hand.她摆摆手拒绝了我的建议。(2)Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed of street stands.当我们经过一波又一波街头小摊时，装着汽水和啤

10、酒的冰箱排列在狭窄的街道两边，空气中弥漫着烤肉的味道。(3)He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.He waved us as the bus drove off.公共汽车开走时，他向我们挥了挥手。(4)They came to the front door 他们来到前门挥手告别。3The undersea quake struck around 7：00 am., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesias Sumatra Island.星期天早上七点左右海底地震袭击印度尼西亚西海岸的苏门答腊岛。(教材P54)str

11、ike (1)vi.& vt. 侵袭；突击；(to hit sb./sth. hard or with force)击打； 突然想到；敲，鸣，报时be struck by被打动；迷恋某人/某物某人突然想起strike into ones heart使刻骨铭心strike sb.介词the身体部位打某人的某处(2)n.罢工；罢课；袭击be/go on strike 在罢工/举行罢工 【活学活用】(1) I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day. 我突然想起来第二天我在上海有一个重要的会议。(2)The visitors

12、(strike) by the beauty of the tourist area. 游客们被旅游区的美景迷住了。(3)The workers decided to for higher pay. 工人们决定为争取更高的工资而罢工。(4)写出下列句子中strike的含义The clock struck twelve when I got home last night. A terrible earthquake did strike the northeast of Japan on March 11. A good idea struck me when I was reading th

13、e newspaper. The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake. 4However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，危险的环境和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难。(教材P54)deliver vt. & vi.(to take goods, letters, etc. to the person or people they have been sent to)递

14、送；传达；vt.(to give a speech, talk, etc. )发表(1)deliver sth.to sb.投递/运送某物给某人deliver a speech/lecture发表演说/做讲座deliver a baby接生(2)delivery n. 递送； 交付pay cash on delivery货到付款deliver后不接双宾语，即不能说deliver sb. sth.，只能说deliver sth. to sb.。 【活学活用】(1)It was very considerate of you to deliver milk our door every morni

15、ng.你考虑得非常周到，每天早上把牛奶送到我们家门口。(2)Hans was asked (deliver) a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University.汉斯被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表演讲。(3)I wonder why you refused (deliver) my letters to my home last week.我想知道上周你为什么拒绝把我的信送到我家。(4)You can pay for the carpet on (when it is delivered).地毯可以货到付款。5effect n影响

16、；结果；效果(教材P55) (1)have an effect on对产生影响have no/good/bad effect on对没有/有好的/坏的影响take effect开始起作用；见效；生效come into effect生效side effect副作用(2)effective adj.有效的； 有影响的 【活学活用】(1)They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the of losing weight too quickly.他们正在加大力度来教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。(2)The measures take

17、n by the local government will come effect next month.当地政府采取的措施将于下个月生效。(3)There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect the children.不可否认，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。(4)In my opinion, go outdoors to play team games with your friends，which is an (effect) way to get rid of anger.在我看来，和你的朋友去户外玩团队游戏，这是一个

18、摆脱愤怒的有效方式。6I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我正在和三个孩子一起吃早餐这时家里开始充满了水。(教材P54)句型公式：该句中when为并列连词，意为“就在这时、突然”，相当于and then/just at that time。其句型结构为sb.was doing sth.when“某人正在做某事，这时”。when在此处是并列连词，表示“正在那时，这时”，常用句型有：be doingwhen 正在做，就在这时be about to dowhen正要做，就在这

19、时had just donewhen刚做过这时 【活学活用】(1)He was about halfway through his meal when a familiar voice came to his ear. 他吃到一半的时候，一个熟悉的声音传到了他的耳朵里。(2)A child and a man on the beach the child found a shell and held it to his ear.一个孩子和一个男子正在沙滩上散步，孩子突然发现了一个贝壳，并拿起放在耳边。(3)We (roll) along merrily when suddenly we had

20、 a burst tyre.我们正乘车快乐地行进着，突然轮胎爆了。(4)He (not, go) far when he entered a very narrow passage between two mountains. 他没走多远就进入了两山之间的一个狭窄通道。(5)We were about (get) on the train when the explosion occurred. Fortunately, no one was seriously injured.我们刚要上火车突然发生了爆炸。所幸的是，没有人受重伤。04写作指导概要是一种对原始文献或文章的基本内容进行浓缩的语义

21、连贯的短文。读者在正确理解文章的基础上， 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点，写出一篇内容概要。懂规则学概要要求No details抓住主旨大意，省去细节信息。No examples抓住主题要点，省去举例说明。No repetition抓住文本主线，省去重复信息。No comments抓住作者意图，不加任何评论。No copying抓住关键信息，巧妙同义转换。重方法学概要重点1要点齐全。要点全面是评分的重要方面，因此学生要训练自己的语篇能力和阅读能力，既把握文本的整体和部分，又把握它们之间的逻辑关系。2精炼简洁。精炼指的是概括的内容要高度浓

22、缩。学生可以利用概括的方法对文本内容进行提炼，用删略的方法去换不重要或者不必要的细节。简洁指的是所使用的语言简练。学生可以用抽象的、概括性的语言代替具体形象的语言。3灵活转换。语言转换就是用不同的词或句式来表达与原有内容相同的意义。可以通过同义、近义和反义变换来替换需要被替换的词汇；句子重构可以改变原有句子中个别词和词组在句子中充当的语法成分或变换句式来实现。悟写法学概要技巧1读：细读原文材料，准确理解原文(1)理解作者的意图、观点和态度；(2)理解文章的基本结构；(3)理解主旨和要义。2思：确定大纲框架，盘点要点信息发现问题：陈述是什么问题是什么(what)?分析问题：原因1：为什么(why

23、)?原因2：原因 3：解决问题：陈述怎么来解决这个问题怎么办(how)?3写：关注内在逻辑，整合修改成文。简而言之，概要(summary writing)的写作步骤可以概括为：Finding topic sentence(s)(找主题句)Paraphrase(变式表达：主动句变被动句、同义词替换、概括性词汇代替具体数字等)Adding linking words(增加衔接词)微技能训练微技能1高度概括She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some te

24、xtbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation.概括为She brought home a lot of books and newspapers to read during the winter vacation.微技能2分析文章结构Though big cities provide people with many conveniences, they certainly have their own disadvantages.Traffic is the first and often most

25、 serious problem. During the rush time, all the streets are jammed.Air pollution comes second. Factories and cars are constantly giving off harmful gases. If the weather is bad, you will find the whole city overcast with smog.However, noise and violence are to be found in some big cities and the sit

26、uation seems to get worse year by year. 本文讲了三层意思：(1)Big cities have their own disadvantages.(2)Problems (traffic, air pollution, noise and violence) in big cities.(3)The situation seems to be getting worse year by year.概括为Big cities offer people many conveniences, but they certainly have problems, s

27、uch as traffic problems, air pollution, noise and violence. And the situation seems to be getting worse year by year.微技能3删除细节What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also

28、 stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or

29、 other illnesses.本段要点是：Chemical fertilizers damage the land and affect humans health.微技能4同义替换Companies use colours to Companies use colours to 05随堂小练.单词拼写1Heavy floods s away houses, roads, and took away the lives of many people.2I am having some flowers d for her birthday.3Its important to protect

30、your skin from the harmful e of the sun.4As I turned around, there stood my parents, w goodbye to me.5There is a plan to (延长) the threeyear course to four years.6The company has made no move to settle the (罢工).7Pilots were trying to repair a fault in the plane when it (碰撞).8I didnt have time to read

31、 the book, so I just read a (概要) on the Internet.单句语法填空1What (supply)shall we need for our picnic this weekend?2There was loud crash, and we rushed over to see what had fallen.3The students (sweep)the floor of the classroom when I came in.4Every day the milkman delivers milk our house.5I am sure tha

32、t it will have effect on our natural environment.6The (long) of time we were there was two hours.7A wonderful idea (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.8I tried to wave them and to get their attention, but I didnt get a response.句式填空1她突然想到忘记锁门了。 she forgot to lock the door.2雨下了两天，引起

33、了河水上涨。It has rained for two days, 3我们正在给会议做一个总结，这时突然停电了。We a summary of the meeting there was a power failure. 4一架小型飞机在该市以东5英里的山坡上坠毁，机上人员全部遇难。A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, all the people on board.06培优提升I.阅读理解Photos of a gentleman reading calmly in bed in the make

34、shift hospital(临时医院) in Wuhan, went viral(疯狂传播) on Chinas social media platforms, with many calling him the “Invincible(无敌的) Wuhan Man”The man, dubbed “The Reader in Fangcang(mobile cabin hospital)”， has even got attention from the author of the book featured in the photo，The Origins of Political Or

35、der by Francis Fukuyama, on Twitter.Surnamed Fu, the 39yearold “invincible reader” is a teacher at Florida State University after getting his doctors degree in Wuhan University. His hometown is in Xiaogan, a city neighbouring Wuhan, but his parents lived in Wuhan.Fu was infected with novel coronavir

36、us when he visited his parents, and he was among the first group of patients transferred to the cabin hospital at Wuhan International Conference and Exhibition Center on Feb. 5, according to Hubei Daily.He bought the book in Wuhan, and he likes reading, Fu told Hubei Daily. He was just reading the b

37、ook out of interest and never expected that the photo would go viral.As Fu gains more popularity, Franciss book has also become a hit.The Origins of Political Order quickly topped the recommended book list on Chinas review site Douban on Feb. 7.Netizens were charmed by Fus positive and calm attitude

38、. “This picture of him reading in bed gives me strength and hope. I wonder if he is still available，” said one Weibo user.“When you feel depressed, reading is one of the solutions to heal your inner pains. Sometimes doing exercise helps too，” said another netizen.Authorities in Hubei Province, espec

39、ially its capital Wuhan, are determined to take measures to make sure all people needing medical assistance are admitted to hospitals for the novel coronavirus pneumonia.()1What made Fu famous?ALiving in the makeshift hospital in Wuhan.BPosting a picture on Chinas social media platforms.CPublishing

40、a book called The Origins of Political Order.DReading calmly in the hospital during the outbreak of the epidemic.()2Which of the following best describes the man, dubbed “The Reader in Fangcang”？AHumorous.BAmbitious. CCaring. DPositive and calm.()3Why did Fu go to Wuhan?ATo return to his hometown.BT

41、o visit his parents.CTo buy the book.DTo help people in Wuhan.()4We can infer that the main purpose of the passage is to Aintroduce the book The Origins of Political Order Bencourage readers to keep positive and calm during the coronavirus outbreakCtell readers how to be an “Invincible Wuhan Man” Da

42、nalyse why the coronavirus broke out in WuhanII概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be energetic the whole day. Nowadays, people still hold the same

43、 view. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best condition. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning t

44、han at any other time of the day. Additionally, if we get up early and do some morning exercises or only take a short walk in the morning, without doubt we can build our bodies and become much healthier. That is why many people getting up early do physical exercise year after year. We will also have

45、 enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. For example, if everyone in the family gets up early, the wife will have enough time to prepare the breakfast for the whole family. Children will have enough time to catch the school bus, and the husband w

46、ill never forget to change his dirty shirt. Everything is in order. What a harmonious scene! However, if we get up late, well probably have to do everything in a great hurry, making it in a mess.Let us remember getting up early is a good habit. If you are a late riser, you may find it difficult to f

47、orm the habit of getting up early. You will have to make efforts to do so. If you want to get up early, sleeping earlier the night before expects to be successful. Besides, you can set your alarm clock or ask someone whom you know will be awake at that time to call you. If you stick to getting up ea

48、rly every day, you will certainly benefit a lot from it.必修Book 1 Unit 4 Natural DisastersPeriod 4 Reading for Writing01预习导学1 crash /kr/ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n. 撞车；碰撞 2 sweep /swip/ vt. & vi.( swept ， swept )打扫；清扫 sweep away 消灭；彻底消除3 wave /wev/n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手4 strike /strak/ vi.& vt. ( struck ， struck

49、 / stricken )侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击5 deliver /dlv(r)/vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表6 summary /smri/ n总结；概括；概要7 effect /fekt/ n影响；结果；效果8 length /le/ n长；长度02语篇理解Step 1Prewriting1What is a tsunami? What causes it? Will it cause great damage to humans? 略。 2What is the writing style of this text? A news report. Step 2W

50、hilewriting 1输入为先，阅读梳理文脉Task 1：文本整体理解： 关注布局谋篇Whats the news report about? Where can we locate the main idea?The passage is mainly about the most powerful tsunami in Asia . Usually the title of a report suggests the main idea.Task 2：文本细节理解：选择最佳答案(D)1What caused the tsunami? AA hurricane.BA typhoon.CA

51、 flood.DAn earthquake.(B)2What was the magnitude of the earthquake that happened on 27 December, 2004?A7.0.B9.0.C7.5.D6.0.(C)3Why were food and supplies hard to deliver?ABecause there was not enough food and supplies.BBecause rescue teams dared not go.CBecause conditions were dangerous and roads wer

52、e destroyed.DBecause governments didnt organise rescue teams.03语言学习1The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries.昨天，40年来最强烈的地

53、震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他四个国家6500多人在海啸中丧生。(教材P54) crash vi.&vt.(to have an accident)碰撞，撞击； n(汽车、飞机等) 撞车(机)事故(1)crash into/onto撞上(2)a car/plane crash车祸/飞机失事with a crash轰隆一声 【活学活用】(1)They had a narrow escape when their car crashed他们的汽车撞毁时，他们真是死里逃生。(2)The plane crashed into a mountains

54、ide, killing all aboard.飞机坠毁在山腰，机上人员全部遇难。(3)We could hear waves crashing (crash) against the shore.我们能听到海浪拍击海岸的声音。(4)The vase landed on the floor with a crash.花瓶砰的一声掉在地板上。句型公式：killing more than 6，500 people为现在分词短语作结果状语。(1)现在分词作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果。(2)不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。 【活学活用】(1)He is always late for c

55、lass， making (make)his teacher angry.他上学总是迟到， 使老师很生气。(2)She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground， breaking (break) it into pieces.她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。(3)He hurried to the theatre, only to find (find) that the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙赶到剧院，却发现票已经卖完了。2Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes

56、，and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. 渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被9级地震引起的巨浪卷走了。(教材P54)wave n.(a line of raised water that moves across the surface of the sea, ocean, etc.)波浪，波涛；(a movement of your arm and hand from side to side)挥手v.波动；起伏；挥手wave

57、goodbye to sb.向某人挥手告别向某人挥手wave after wave 一波又一波 【活学活用】(1)She refused my suggestion with a wave of her hand.她摆摆手拒绝了我的建议。(2)Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.当我们经过一波又一波街头小摊时，装着汽水和啤酒的冰箱排列

58、在狭窄的街道两边，空气中弥漫着烤肉的味道。(3)He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.He waved to/at us as the bus drove off.公共汽车开走时，他向我们挥了挥手。(4)They came to the front door to wave goodbye 他们来到前门挥手告别。3The undersea quake struck around 7：00 am., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesias Sumatra Island.星期天早上七点左右海底地震袭击印度尼西亚西海岸的

59、苏门答腊岛。(教材P54)strike (1)vi.& vt. 侵袭；突击；(to hit sb./sth. hard or with force)击打； 突然想到；敲，鸣，报时be struck by被打动；迷恋某人/某物某人突然想起strike into ones heart使刻骨铭心strike sb.介词the身体部位打某人的某处(2)n.罢工；罢课；袭击be/go on strike 在罢工/举行罢工 【活学活用】(1) It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day. 我突然想

60、起来第二天我在上海有一个重要的会议。(2)The visitors were struck (strike) by the beauty of the tourist area. 游客们被旅游区的美景迷住了。(3)The workers decided to go on strike for higher pay. 工人们决定为争取更高的工资而罢工。(4)写出下列句子中strike的含义The clock struck twelve when I got home last night. (钟)报时 A terrible earthquake did strike the northeast

61、of Japan on March 11. 侵袭 A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper. 突然想到 The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake. 打动，迷住 4However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，危险的环境和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难。(教材P54)deliver vt. & vi

62、.(to take goods, letters, etc. to the person or people they have been sent to)递送；传达；vt.(to give a speech, talk, etc. )发表(1)deliver sth.to sb.投递/运送某物给某人deliver a speech/lecture发表演说/做讲座deliver a baby接生(2)delivery n. 递送； 交付pay cash on delivery货到付款deliver后不接双宾语，即不能说deliver sb. sth.，只能说deliver sth. to sb

63、.。 【活学活用】(1)It was very considerate of you to deliver milk to our door every morning.你考虑得非常周到，每天早上把牛奶送到我们家门口。(2)Hans was asked to deliver (deliver) a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University.汉斯被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表演讲。(3)I wonder why you refused to deliver (deliver) my letters to my home las

64、t week.我想知道上周你为什么拒绝把我的信送到我家。(4)You can pay for the carpet on delivery (when it is delivered).地毯可以货到付款。5effect n影响；结果；效果(教材P55) (1)have an effect on对产生影响have no/good/bad effect on对没有/有好的/坏的影响take effect开始起作用；见效；生效come into effect生效side effect副作用(2)effective adj.有效的； 有影响的 【活学活用】(1)They are increasing

65、their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他们正在加大力度来教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。(2)The measures taken by the local government will come into effect next month.当地政府采取的措施将于下个月生效。(3)There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect on the children.不可否认，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。(

66、4)In my opinion, go outdoors to play team games with your friends，which is an effective (effect) way to get rid of anger.在我看来，和你的朋友去户外玩团队游戏，这是一个摆脱愤怒的有效方式。6I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我正在和三个孩子一起吃早餐这时家里开始充满了水。(教材P54)句型公式：该句中when为并列连词，意为“就在这时、突然”，相当于

67、and then/just at that time。其句型结构为sb.was doing sth.when“某人正在做某事，这时”。when在此处是并列连词，表示“正在那时，这时”，常用句型有：be doingwhen 正在做，就在这时be about to dowhen正要做，就在这时had just donewhen刚做过这时 【活学活用】(1)He was about halfway through his meal when a familiar voice came to his ear. 他吃到一半的时候，一个熟悉的声音传到了他的耳朵里。(2)A child and a man

68、were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.一个孩子和一个男子正在沙滩上散步，孩子突然发现了一个贝壳，并拿起放在耳边。(3)We were rolling (roll) along merrily when suddenly we had a burst tyre.我们正乘车快乐地行进着，突然轮胎爆了。(4)He had not gone (not, go) far when he entered a very narrow passage between two mountains

69、. 他没走多远就进入了两山之间的一个狭窄通道。(5)We were about to get (get) on the train when the explosion occurred. Fortunately, no one was seriously injured.我们刚要上火车突然发生了爆炸。所幸的是，没有人受重伤。04写作指导概要是一种对原始文献或文章的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文。读者在正确理解文章的基础上， 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点，写出一篇内容概要。懂规则学概要要求No details抓住主旨大意，省去细节信

70、息。No examples抓住主题要点，省去举例说明。No repetition抓住文本主线，省去重复信息。No comments抓住作者意图，不加任何评论。No copying抓住关键信息，巧妙同义转换。重方法学概要重点1要点齐全。要点全面是评分的重要方面，因此学生要训练自己的语篇能力和阅读能力，既把握文本的整体和部分，又把握它们之间的逻辑关系。2精炼简洁。精炼指的是概括的内容要高度浓缩。学生可以利用概括的方法对文本内容进行提炼，用删略的方法去换不重要或者不必要的细节。简洁指的是所使用的语言简练。学生可以用抽象的、概括性的语言代替具体形象的语言。3灵活转换。语言转换就是用不同的词或句式来表达

71、与原有内容相同的意义。可以通过同义、近义和反义变换来替换需要被替换的词汇；句子重构可以改变原有句子中个别词和词组在句子中充当的语法成分或变换句式来实现。悟写法学概要技巧1读：细读原文材料，准确理解原文(1)理解作者的意图、观点和态度；(2)理解文章的基本结构；(3)理解主旨和要义。2思：确定大纲框架，盘点要点信息发现问题：陈述是什么问题是什么(what)?分析问题：原因1：为什么(why)?原因2：原因 3：解决问题：陈述怎么来解决这个问题怎么办(how)?3写：关注内在逻辑，整合修改成文。简而言之，概要(summary writing)的写作步骤可以概括为：Finding topic sen

72、tence(s)(找主题句)Paraphrase(变式表达：主动句变被动句、同义词替换、概括性词汇代替具体数字等)Adding linking words(增加衔接词)微技能训练微技能1高度概括She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation.概括为She brought home a lot of books a

73、nd newspapers to read during the winter vacation.微技能2分析文章结构Though big cities provide people with many conveniences, they certainly have their own disadvantages.Traffic is the first and often most serious problem. During the rush time, all the streets are jammed.Air pollution comes second. Factories

74、and cars are constantly giving off harmful gases. If the weather is bad, you will find the whole city overcast with smog.However, noise and violence are to be found in some big cities and the situation seems to get worse year by year. 本文讲了三层意思：(1)Big cities have their own disadvantages.(2)Problems (

75、traffic, air pollution, noise and violence) in big cities.(3)The situation seems to be getting worse year by year.概括为Big cities offer people many conveniences, but they certainly have problems, such as traffic problems, air pollution, noise and violence. And the situation seems to be getting worse y

76、ear by year.微技能3删除细节What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and

77、 humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.本段要点是：Chemical fertilizers damage the land and affect humans health.微技能4同义替换Companies us

78、e colours to encourage us to buy their productsCompanies use colours to promote sales/stimulate customers buying desire/target potential customers05随堂小练.单词拼写1Heavy floods swept away houses, roads, and took away the lives of many people.2I am having some flowers delivered for her birthday.3Its import

79、ant to protect your skin from the harmful effect(s) of the sun.4As I turned around, there stood my parents, waving goodbye to me.5There is a plan to lengthen (延长) the threeyear course to four years.6The company has made no move to settle the strike (罢工).7Pilots were trying to repair a fault in the p

80、lane when it crashed (碰撞).8I didnt have time to read the book, so I just read a summary (概要) on the Internet.单句语法填空1What supplies (supply)shall we need for our picnic this weekend?2There was a loud crash, and we rushed over to see what had fallen.3The students were sweeping (sweep)the floor of the c

81、lassroom when I came in.4Every day the milkman delivers milk to our house.5I am sure that it will have an effect on our natural environment.6The length (long) of time we were there was two hours.7A wonderful idea struck (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.8I tried to wave to them a

82、nd to get their attention, but I didnt get a response.句式填空1她突然想到忘记锁门了。 It struck her that she forgot to lock the door.2雨下了两天，引起了河水上涨。It has rained for two days, causing the river to rise 3我们正在给会议做一个总结，这时突然停电了。We were making a summary of the meeting when there was a power failure. 4一架小型飞机在该市以东5英里的山坡上

83、坠毁，机上人员全部遇难。A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all the people on board.06培优提升I.阅读理解Photos of a gentleman reading calmly in bed in the makeshift hospital(临时医院) in Wuhan, went viral(疯狂传播) on Chinas social media platforms, with many calling him the “Invincible(无敌

84、的) Wuhan Man”The man, dubbed “The Reader in Fangcang(mobile cabin hospital)”， has even got attention from the author of the book featured in the photo，The Origins of Political Order by Francis Fukuyama, on Twitter.Surnamed Fu, the 39yearold “invincible reader” is a teacher at Florida State Universit

85、y after getting his doctors degree in Wuhan University. His hometown is in Xiaogan, a city neighbouring Wuhan, but his parents lived in Wuhan.Fu was infected with novel coronavirus when he visited his parents, and he was among the first group of patients transferred to the cabin hospital at Wuhan In

86、ternational Conference and Exhibition Center on Feb. 5, according to Hubei Daily.He bought the book in Wuhan, and he likes reading, Fu told Hubei Daily. He was just reading the book out of interest and never expected that the photo would go viral.As Fu gains more popularity, Franciss book has also b

87、ecome a hit.The Origins of Political Order quickly topped the recommended book list on Chinas review site Douban on Feb. 7.Netizens were charmed by Fus positive and calm attitude. “This picture of him reading in bed gives me strength and hope. I wonder if he is still available，” said one Weibo user.

88、“When you feel depressed, reading is one of the solutions to heal your inner pains. Sometimes doing exercise helps too，” said another netizen.Authorities in Hubei Province, especially its capital Wuhan, are determined to take measures to make sure all people needing medical assistance are admitted t

89、o hospitals for the novel coronavirus pneumonia.(D)1What made Fu famous?ALiving in the makeshift hospital in Wuhan.BPosting a picture on Chinas social media platforms.CPublishing a book called The Origins of Political Order.DReading calmly in the hospital during the outbreak of the epidemic.(D)2Whic

90、h of the following best describes the man, dubbed “The Reader in Fangcang”？AHumorous.BAmbitious.CCaring.DPositive and calm.(B)3Why did Fu go to Wuhan?ATo return to his hometown.BTo visit his parents.CTo buy the book.DTo help people in Wuhan.(B)4We can infer that the main purpose of the passage is to

91、 Aintroduce the book The Origins of Political Order Bencourage readers to keep positive and calm during the coronavirus outbreakCtell readers how to be an “Invincible Wuhan Man” Danalyse why the coronavirus broke out in Wuhan答案及解析：【语篇解读】作者向我们讲述了新型冠状病毒暴发期间，武汉方舱医院里的一名新冠肺炎感染者以“方舱读书哥”称号走红网络的故事。1D细节理解题。根

92、据第一段Photos of a gentleman reading calmly in bed in the makeshift hospital in Wuhan可知，走红原因是这名小哥在病毒暴发期间很冷静地读书，故选D。2D细节理解题。根据第三段Netizens were charmed by Fus positive and calm attitude可知，积极和冷静(Positive and calm)这两个词可以用来描述他。故选D。3B细节理解题。根据第二段中His hometown is in Xiaogan, a city neighbouring Wuhan, but his

93、parents lived in Wuhan及Fu was infected with novel coronavirus when he visited his parents可知，他去武汉是为了探望父母，故选B。4B推理判断题。根据第三、四段中网民对他的态度及评价可知，本文的主要目的是通过“方舱读书哥”的故事，鼓励读者在疫情期间保持积极和冷静的心态。故选B。II概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago

94、, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be energetic the whole day. Nowadays, people still hold the same view. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usu

95、ally in the best condition. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than at any other time of the day. Additionally, if we get up early and do some morning exercises or only take a short walk in the morning, without doubt we can bui

96、ld our bodies and become much healthier. That is why many people getting up early do physical exercise year after year. We will also have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. For example, if everyone in the family gets up early, the wife will

97、have enough time to prepare the breakfast for the whole family. Children will have enough time to catch the school bus, and the husband will never forget to change his dirty shirt. Everything is in order. What a harmonious scene! However, if we get up late, well probably have to do everything in a g

98、reat hurry, making it in a mess.Let us remember getting up early is a good habit. If you are a late riser, you may find it difficult to form the habit of getting up early. You will have to make efforts to do so. If you want to get up early, sleeping earlier the night before expects to be successful.

99、 Besides, you can set your alarm clock or ask someone whom you know will be awake at that time to call you. If you stick to getting up early every day, you will certainly benefit a lot from it.One possible version： Since ancient times, great importance has been attached to getting up early, for morn

100、ing is a fantastic time to enjoy the freshest air and have a more accurate memory. (要点1) Besides, people who stick to physical exercise in the morning, thus, will be increasingly healthy. (要点2) Furthermore, getting up early can enable us to make good preparations for the day. (要点3) Finally, sleeping earlier and setting an alarm clock or turning to others for help are the suggestions for the late risers. (要点4)