专题 27 英美文化阅读理解专项：好莱坞电影分级 美国体育-2024年高考英语常考英美文化阅读专练 素材积累.docx

1、66. The Making of Hollywoods Moving Rating System美国好莱坞的电影分级制度的制定Today, American filmmakers produce movies with few restraints about violence, sexuality and adult language. But this was not always the case.The Motion Picture Association of America is the major movie organization that first formed in

2、nineteen twenty-two. The organization helps distribute movies internationally, decides on rating systems, and deals with public relations for the movie industry.When it was first started by the Hollywood production studios, the organization was called the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of

3、 America. The group was popularly called the Hays Office because of its director, Will Hays. This group developed the Motion Picture Production Code in nineteen thirty. The aim was for the film industry and not the government to decide what was morally acceptable to show in movies. The Hays Office e

4、xamined each film before it could receive permission to be released.The production code was very clear about issues including crime and sex. For example, movies could not show violent killings, methods of stealing, or illegal drug use. The code banned sex scenes, sexual relationships between people

5、of different races, scenes of childbirth, and people not wearing clothing.The Motion Picture Association finally ended the code in nineteen sixty-eight although movie makers had stopped following its rules many years before.The group developed a new voluntary rating system that tells parents whether

6、 a movie is right for children. The ratings judge the level of violence, sexuality, and adult language. G movies are for people of all ages. PG means parental guidance suggested. Some material may not be right for children. PG-13 means parents are strongly warned that some material may not be right

7、for children under the age of thirteen. R mean restricted. Children under the age of seventeen must have a parent or adult guardian with them. And if a movie is rated NC-17 it means no one seventeen or younger will be admitted. （324 words）Helper:restraintristreint限制 distribute distribju(:)t分配; 分给 ra

8、ting systems分级制度morally道德上地 permission许可 issue iju:发行物ban 禁止 voluntary vlntri非官办的, 志愿的 guardiang:djn监护人The Motion Picture Association of America美国电影协会Will Hays：海斯，威廉哈里森1879-1954美国政治家和电影业高级官员，曾任美国电影制片人和发行人协会主席（1922-1945年）并制定了制片法（1930年），该法规定了1930至1966年美国电影的道德标准。Brief Introduction:现在美国电影的生产对于暴力、性和下流语言没

9、有什么限制，但是过去并不总是如此。美国电影协会在1922年成立的主要电影组织，这个组织帮助美国在国际上的电影发行，决定电影的分级和处理电影产业的公共关系。当初好莱坞电影制片厂发起这个组织的时候叫做the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America“美国电影制片人和发行人协会”，通常叫the Hays Office，原因是当时协会主席是Will Hays。这个组织在1930年制定了制片法，该法规定了1930至1966年美国电影的道德标准。制片法指定的不是为了政府，而是为了电影产业，所有电影发行前都要经过海斯办事处检查后才可以发行。制片

10、法对于犯罪和性是非常明确的，比如电影中不可以出现暴力凶杀、盗窃方法、非法吸毒的场面。法规中禁止性爱场面、不同种族的性关系、孩子出生的场面和裸体画面。尽管制片者多年以前就不执行了，电影协会最终结束电制片法是1968年。这个组织研发出了一种新的分级制度，让家长明白那些对孩子来说是合适的。在这些等级中，G表示适合于所有年龄段，PG表示在家长指导下观看，有的对孩子来说不太好，PG-13表示提醒家长有的内容对于13岁以下的孩子来说是不健康的，R是限制级的，17岁以下的孩子一定要有父、母或者成人监护人在一起。如果一部电影标上NC-17，那就说明17岁或17岁以下禁止观看。 Exercises:从所给的A、

11、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。1. The main purpose of this article is to tell us _. A. how movies are controlled in the United States B. the history of American movies C. how violent American movies are D. why Hollywood is famous 2. According to the text how many ratings are mentioned? A. 3 B. 7 C. 6 D. 53. The u

12、nderlined word “code” in paragraph 4 means _. A. A systematic collection of regulations and rules of procedure or conduct B. A patient whose heart has stopped beating C. A system of signals used to represent letters or numbers in transmitting messages D. Something that represents something else by a

13、ssociation, resemblanceKeys and Explanations:1-3 ADA1. A。写作意图题。根据第一段的最后一句转折词But this was not always the case.可以看出下面将要说明的是美国的电影的分级制度，即让读者知道在美国电影是如何控制的，并不是没有一点限制。故选A。2. D。根据第6段和第7段知道选D，即G，PG，PG-13，R和NC-17五个类别。3. A。词义理解题。根据后面的For example,所列举的内容知道应该是“规则，准则”的意思，后面所给的内容都是要求，所以A正确。67. American Sports美国体育运动

14、In the US, there are three sports seasons: football, basketball, baseball. Its not completely true, but almost. In every season, Americans have a ball. If you want to know what season it is, just look at what people are playing.Besides “the big three” sports, Americans play a variety of other sports

15、. In warm weather, people enjoy water sports. Lovers of surfing, sailing and so on. In winter sportsmen delight to freezing fun. From the first snowfall, skiers hit the slops. Frozen ponds and ice rinks become playgrounds for skiers and hockey. Play indoor sports whatever the weather likes. Racquet-

16、ball，weight lifting and bowling are year-round activities.For many people in the US, sports are almost a religion. Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes play. Other fans watch the games at home, glued to their TV sets.Not all Americans worship spor

17、ts, but athletes are an important part of their culture. Throughout their school life, Americans learn to play many sports. Athletic events at universities attract scores of fans and benefit the whole community. Many people also enjoy non-competitive activities like hiking, biking, horseback riding,

18、 and hunting. To communicate with American sports nuts, it helps if you can talk sports.Sports in America represent the international heritage of the people who play. Many sports were imported from many other countries. Only basketball has a truly American origin. Even today some formerly “foreign”

19、sports like soccer are gaining American fans. In 1994 the US hosted the FIFA World Cup for the first time.Not only do Americans import sports, but also they export sports as well. Satellite broadcast games to sports fans around the world. The World Series, the US professional basketball championship

20、, has begun to live up to its name. The names of America superstars like basketball great Michael Jordan have become household words all over the world. Who knows? Sports seasons may even change world weather patters. (335 words) Helper:rink溜冰场 hockey曲棍球 racquet-ball 墙壁球 bowling保龄球 glued to不愿离开, 盯住不

21、放 worship崇拜, 爱慕 nut着迷的人；爱好者 import输入, 进口 originridin起源, 出身exporteksp:t输出, 出口 live up to实践; 做到;无愧于 household家庭的FIFA：Federation International de Football Association, 国际足球联盟World Series：A series of baseball games played each fall between the winning teams of the American League and the National League

22、 to decide the championship of the major leagues. 世界职业棒球锦标赛，每年秋季在美国棒球联合会的获胜队和全国棒球联盟获胜球队之间进行的决定联赛冠军的 一系列棒球比赛Baseball:棒球游戏一种用球棒和球由两队进行的比赛，每队各九个队员，每队在场地内轮流击球，为了得分，击球的球手必须在内场沿着设置有四垒的路线上跑。Brief Introduction:在美国橄榄球、篮球和棒球十分流行，虽然不是完全正确，也差不多是这样。在每一个季节都一种球类运动，想知道是什么季节，瞧瞧他们玩的是什么球就知道了。除了三大运动项目之外，还有其他的运动项目。冲浪运动、

23、帆船、滑雪、溜冰、曲棍球、墙壁球、举重、保龄球等。对大多数的美国人来说体育就像宗教一样，数千的体育迷花钱买票观看他们喜欢的运动队和队员的比赛，还有的盯着电视观看。虽然不是所有的美国人都崇尚体育运动，但是在他们的文化中运动员是重要的一个部分。在学校的生活中，他们学会了大部分的运动项目，大学的体育赛事吸引许多体育迷，而且整个社团都受益。有不少人喜欢像徒步旅行、骑马、打猎这样的非竞技性运动。要是跟美国的体育迷交流，如果你谈论体育话题那会很有用的。在美国，体育代表着那些参与运动的人们的国际遗产。许多运动项目是从其它国家引进的，只有篮球真正算是美国本土的项目。现在像英式足球这样以前是外国的运动项目正在赢

24、得更多的美国球迷。1994年美国作为东道主第一次举办了世界杯足球赛。美国也输出体育，用卫星向世界各地的体育迷们播送体育赛事。世界职业棒球锦标赛已经名副其实。像乔丹这样的篮球超级明星已经在世界上家喻户晓。 Exercises:True or false1. Besides “the big three” sports Americans plays very few other sports.2. Many American sports were imported from other countries.3. Few fans buy expensive tickets to watch t

25、heir favorite teams and athletes play.Keys and Explanations:1-3 FTF1. F。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句Besides “the big three” sports, Americans play a variety of other sports.其中a variety of other sports意思是“大量的其它项目的体育运动”，而题干的few other sports是指不多的其它项目的体育运动。所以错误。2. T。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句Many sports were imported from many other countries. 知道大多数的美国体育运动起源于其它国家。所以本题正确。3. F。细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes play.知道本题错误。