专题01 单项选择-2022年江苏中考英语各大题型易错题及应对策略.docx

1、单项选择-2022年江苏中考英语各大题型易错题及应对策略【明确考点】单项选择是江苏各市英语中考试卷中必不可少的题型，具有考点多、题量大、覆盖面广、出题角度多等特点。以易、中题目为主；考点涵盖词汇辨析、语法运用、语境理解、日常交际。总之，单项选择是中考中非常重要的部分。做好单项选择部分是及格的前提，是优秀的基础，更是考取高分的必要条件！【命题特点】江苏各市中考单选题覆盖知识点有19项，其中均考到的知识点是11项，包括人称代词、不定代词、疑问代词、副词、介词、并列连词、形容词副词比较级、6种基本时态、情态动词、被动语态、非谓语动词和宾语从句，总分值为10-15分。【备考过程指导】 （1）学语法不仅

2、要理解、记忆各项语法规则，更要注重体会不同语法知识点的使用语境，理解语法的表意作用，逐步培养起对语境的敏感度。 （2）依据考纲和近几年的常考点、必考点，如人称代词、介词、比较等级、主要时态、被动语态、情态动词、宾语从句、固定搭配以及动词辨析等，理清核心知识点。 （3）积累常用习语、固定搭配和重点句型，通过对比、辨析等方式深入理解其在意义和用法上的异同点。 （4）熟练掌握几种常考的句型，培养提取句子主体信息的能力。（5）学会积累文化背景知识和生活常识。【应试方法技巧指导】 （1）选项分析法例如：Lee came to Beijing in 2005. He has been here _ tha

3、n you. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 第一步：通过观察四个选项可知，考点同为long这个形容词，不同点是用了long的原级、比较级、最高级以及the 最高级，从而可以判断此题考点为形容词比较等级。 第二步：回顾我们学过的比较等级相关知识：同级比较用as（so）形容词原级 as 比较对象；两者进行比较时用形容词比较级 than 比较对象；三者及以上进行比较时用形容词最高级 in 比较范围或of 比较群体。 第三步：阅读题干，由于主体为两个，同时还有明确的标志词汇than，至此，我们基本可以判定，正确选项应为B。 第四步：为了确保解题

4、的准确性，我们再把B选项带入题干，通读一遍，检查句子的准确性。确定无误。 （2）题干切入法例如：There _ many students in the library after school every day. A. has B. have C. is D. are 第一步：通过题干，我们明确看出考点为there be 句型。 第二步：回顾学过的相关知识：be动词的形式取决于后面所跟名词的形式，同时根据时间状语every day，我们可以确定用be动词的一般现在时复数形式are。 第三步：观察选项，D与我们设想的答案一致。 第四步：为了确保解题的准确性，我们再把D选项带入题干，通读一遍，

5、检查句子的准确性。确定无误。以上为单项选择最为常用的两种解题思路，其中选项分析法比较适用于一些具体的语法项目考题，比如时态、语态等。题干切入法比较适用于词汇、短语辨析、常用句型句式等考题。【应对单项选择的6招】 第一招：注意题干中暗示信息现在的考试中不再像以前那样，直接告诉题意，而是把题目置于一个特定的环境。题干上常暗含题意，这种暗示信息，就是答题的关键。典例Would you like some _?No, thank you. Im not hungry at all.A. tea B. water C. bread D. coffee【答案】C【解析】本题是考查名词的用法，从题干上可知A

6、、B、C、D四个选项都可以，这时我们看到答句中有Im not hungry ，意思是“我不饿”，故选C。第二招：注意积累知识，牢记固定搭配典例His parents often encourage him _ hard.A. work B. working C. to work D. works【答案】C【解析】本题是考查动词的用法，从题干可知考encourage的用法，后面跟动词不定式，故选C。平时一定要多去积累相关的动词，联想记忆。第三招：注意审题，排除干扰选项典例After discussing， the students _ some good ideas to work on the

7、 project.A. put up B. set up C. caught up with D. came up with【答案】D【解析】本题是考查动词词组的用法，从题干可知：put up意为“建造”；set up意为“建立”；catch up with意为“赶上”；填到句子中都不通顺，而come up with意为“想出，提供”。因此由题意判断，故选D。第四招：注意观察日常生活，积累素材典例 “The World Without Thieves” is a very moving film. I_ it twice already.A. will see B. see C. saw D.

8、 have seen【解析】D【解析】本题是考查完成时的用法，其实从题干twice already可知考查完成时，故选D。但同时我们也应该注意到题目本身所透露的信息，我们要多积累其他知识，如：天文、地理、历史、生活等，真正将英语学以致用。第五招：注意英语日常习惯表达典例_？He is tall.A. How is he B. What does he likeC. What is he D. What does he look like【答案】 D【解析】 本题是考查英语日常用语，从题干He is tall.可知：考的是这个人的外貌，所以要用look like，故选D。同时要注意like不同词

9、性的用法，联想记忆其他相类似的单词、词组。第六招：注意一些特殊的语法现象典例There _ a football match on TV this evening.A. will have B. is going to beC. has D. is going to have【答案】 D【解析】 初看试题，很多同学都会毫不犹豫地选D，实际上选项D是错误的。选错的原因是have a football match（举行足球比赛）是个固定短语，this evening（今天晚上）又是表示将来的时间状语，从这两个方面来分析选项D是正确的。若从句型方面分析，本题应属于there be句型，其一般将来时的

10、构成应是there will be或there is (are) going to be。因此，正确答案是B。 【考生自测】知识点分值考点物主代词11. Betty, is this your dictionary? Oh, no. Its not _. A. I B. me C. my D. mine 2. Is this _classroom, Jack? Yes, it is. A. we B. us C. our D. ours人称代词3. On my mothers birthday, I gave _a purse as a present.A. she B. her C. he

11、D. him4. Who is the boy over there? _is Marys brother. A. Him B. He C. Her D. She不定代词15. There isnt _in the box; its empty. A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything6. There are two books on the table, one is Toms, and_ is Lucys. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others介词17. When did Ho

12、ng Kong return to our motherland? _July 1st, 1997. A. On B. In C. At D. For疑问词18. _do you go to see your grandparents? Once a week. A. How much B. How many C. How often D. How old9. _ have you been here? About 5 years. A. How much B. How many C. How often D. How long10. _are you from? Im from Beijin

13、g.A. Why B. How C. Where D. When形容词和副词1-211. All classrooms are the same, so this classroom is as_ as that one. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 12. I speak English_ than he. A. good B. well C. better D. best13. Of all the festivals, the Spring Festival is_ for the Chinese people. A. imp

14、ortant B. more important C. most important D. the most important 动词时态314. If he_ hard, he will pass the exam. A. studies B. study C. will study D. is studying15. What did you do yesterday? I_ basketball with my friends. A. play B. played C. will play D. am playing16. Dont make much noise. They_ now.

15、 A. are sleeping B. sleep C. slept D. to sleep17. Mom_ when I got home. A. is sleeping B. was sleeping C. slept D. sleeps18. Lisa_ a movie if shes free next Saturday. A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. will see 19. John_ in that factory since 1992. A. works B. worked C. will work D. has worked20. Where i

16、s your brother, Tom? He_ Shanghai. A. has gone to B. has been to C. will go to D. goes to非谓语动词2-321. He asked his parents_ himself at home. A. leave B. not to leave C. not leave D. left22. Its cold outside. Youd better_ your coat. A. put on B. to put on C. take off D. to take off23. I enjoy_ to musi

17、c, because music can make us relaxed. A. to listen B. listen C. listening D. listened 24. Its 12:00. Lets stop_ lunch. A. have B. to have C. having D. had情态动词125. Can you lend me your pen? Sorry, I _. Im writing something right now. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. shouldnt26. Must I return your camer

18、a to you tomorrow, Andy? No, you_. I can do without it for a couple of days. A. neednt B. wont C. may not D. mustnt27. May I put my bike here? No, you _. You should put it over there. A. couldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont被动语态128. A sports meet_ at No. 2 Middle School last Sunday. A. will be held B.

19、 was held C. can be held D. is held连词129. Hurry up, _well be late for school. A. and B. but C. so D. or 宾语从句130. He wants to know_ now.A. where does she live B. where did she live C. where she lived D. where she lives 【答案】1-5 DCBBD 6-10 CACDC 11-15 ACDAB 16-20 ABDDA 21-25 BACBB 26-30. ACBDD【好题优选】第一组

20、 1. Are these books _, Dad?Yes. Im looking for them. Thank you.A. yoursB. hisC. hersD. theirs 【答案】A【解析】本题考查物主代词的用法。此处选用名词性代词，意思是“你的”，故选择A。2. New York is a good place to visit _May or December.A. on B. in C. at D. for 【答案】B【解析】本题考查介词的用法。月份前用in，故选择B。3. Can you play football? Yes, _ I cant play it very

21、 well.A. and B. or C. so D .but 【答案】D【解析】本题考查连词的用法。I cant play it very well和Yes表示语意转折， but表示转折，故选择D。4. Excuse me, sir. I bought the shoes yesterday, but they are in different sizes. One is Size 37 and _ is Size 38.A. other B. another C. the other D. others【答案】C【解析】本题考查不定代词的用法。onethe other是固定搭配，意思是“一

22、个另一个”，故选择C。5. Im alone at home. My parents _ Shanghai on business and will be back next week.A. have been to B. have gone to C. has been to D. has gone to【答案】B【解析】本题考查have gone to 和have been to的用法。have gone to指的是已经去了、还没回，have been to指曾经去过、已经回来了。根据语境可知我的父母去了上海还没回，且parents是复数，故选B。6. Can I speak to Mr.

23、 Black?I am sorry, but he _ an important meeting now.A. has B. had C. will have D. is having 【答案】D【解析】本题考查动词时态的用法。now是现在进行时的标志词，故选择D。7. All the students in my class_ hard-working.A. am B. is C. are D. be【答案】C【解析】本题考查主谓一致的用法。句子主语是all the students，是复数，be动词用are，故选择C。8. Grandma is sleeping. You _ play t

24、he guitar.A. neednt B. mustnt C. wouldnt D. wont【答案】B【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。根据语境可知奶奶正在睡觉，所以禁止弹吉他，mustnt表示禁止，故选择B。9. Dont always make Tony _ this or that. He is already a big boy. Maybe youre right.A. do B. done C. to do D. doing【答案】A【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。make sb do，意思是“让某人做某事”，故选择A。10. _ do you visit your grand

25、parents? Once a week. A. How soon B. How often C. How far D. How long 【答案】B【解析】本题考查疑问副词的用法。根据回答once a week可知是在就频率提问，how often用来就频率提问，意思是“多久一次”， 故选择B。11. I _an English book when the bell rang.A. read B. will read C. am reading D. was reading【答案】D【解析】本题考查动词时态的用法。when引导的时间状语从句表示两个动作同时发生，选项中read是延续性动词，故

26、使用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语采用了一般过去式，所以此处使用过去进行时，故选择D。12. Life today is _ than that in the old days.A. good B. best C. better D. the best【答案】C【解析】本题考查形容词比较级的用法。than是比较级的标志词，故选择C。13. Difficult work _ easy if you do it very carefully.A. become B. became C. will become D. has become 【答案】 C【解析】本题考查if从句时态搭配的用法。If

27、从句中的主将从现，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选择C。14. My e-mail _ to you last night. Have you received it yet? A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. was sent【答案】D【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。主语My e-mail和选项动词send是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用被动语态，而last night是一般过去时的标志词，所以选用一般过去时的被动语态，故选择D。15. Its raining. Maybe we can go out when the rain stops.But do yo

28、u know _?A. when the rain will stop B. when the rain stoppedC. when will the rain stop D. when did the rain stop【答案】A【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句需要采用陈述句语序，故排除C、D。又因为根据语境可知此处是在问雨什么时候会停，所以要用一般将来时，故选择A。第二组 1. The Blacks are new here. _ come from Canada. A. TheyB. ThemC. TheirD. Theirs【答案】A【解析】本题考查人称代词的用法。此处缺少主

29、语，选主格代词 they指代前文的the Blacks，故选择A。2. _ the night of December 4, some people are used to staying up late. A. In B. FromC. At D. On【答案】D【解析】本题考查介词的用法。表示在具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上用介词on，故选择D。3 _ did the class meeting last?For about 50 minutes. A. How soon B. How farC. How long D. How often 【答案】C【解析】本题考查特殊疑问词的用法。for

30、 about 50 minutes回答的是时间，how long用来就时间提问，意思是“多久”，故选择C。4. Must I finish the writing in class?No, you _. You can finish it after class. A. cant B. mustntC. neednt D. shouldnt【答案】C【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。用must提问，用No,neednt.进行否定回答，故选择C。5.John, I _ your father for a long time.He is working in Chongqing now. A. do

31、nt see B. havent seenC. wont see D. didnt see【答案】B【解析】本题考查动词时态的用法。for a long time是现在完成时的标志词，故选择B。6. Some children _ pictures on the blackboard when the teacher entered the classroom. A. draw B. are drawingC. were drawing D. will draw【答案】C【解析】本题考查动词时态的用法。when引导的时间状语从句表示两个动作同时发生，选项中draw是延续性动词，故使用进行时态，

32、而when引导的时间状语采用了一般过去时，所以此处使用过去进行时，故选择C。7. More green parks _ in Beijing in the future. A. build B. will buildC. are built D. will be built【答案】D【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。主语more green parks和选项动词build是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用被动语态，而in the future是一般将来时的标志词，所以选用一般将来时的被动语态，故选择D。8. We _ for Dalian as soon as we get the train tic

33、kets. A. leave B. leftC. will leave D. were leaving【答案】C【解析】本题考查动词时态的用法。as soon as 引导的从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选择C。9. Do you know _?Yes. She said she was in Sanya.A. where Mrs White spent her holidaysB. where did Mrs White spend her holidays C. where will Mrs White spend her holidaysD. where Mr

34、s White will spend her holidays【答案】A【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句需要采用陈述句语序，故排除B、C。又因为根据回答可知此处是在问Mrs White在哪度过了假期，所以要用一般过去时，故选择A。10. He has two pets. One is a dog, _ is a cat.A. the other B. other C. others D. another【答案】A 【解析】本题考查不定代词的用法。Onethe other是固定搭配，意思是“一个另一个”，故选择A。11. The air in Beijing is getting muc

35、h _ now than a few years ago.A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest【答案】B 【解析】本题考查形容词比较级的用法。than是比较级的标志词，故选择B。12. What are the kids doing? They _ flowers in the garden.A. water B. watered C. have watered D. are watering 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查动词时态的用法。根据语境可知是在问孩子们正在做什么，用现在进行时表示正在发生的动作，故选择D。13. I will

36、call you as soon as I _ to Japan.A. get B. got C. will get D. have got 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查动词时态的用法。as soon as 引导的从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选择A。14. A talk on pop music _ in the school hall next Sunday. A. will give B. gives C. be given D. will be given【答案】D【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。主语A talk on pop music和选项动词gi

37、ve是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用被动语态，而next Sunday是一般将来时的标志词，所以选用一般将来时的被动语态，故选择D。15. Do you know _ yesterday afternoon?Sorry, Ive no idea. A. where was Tom B. where Tom was C. where is Tom D. where Tom is 【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句需要采用陈述句语序，故排除A、C。又因为yesterday afternoon是一般过去时的标志词，故选择B。第三组： 1. Bill is strict himself.

38、He never leaves todays homework for tomorrow.A. about B. in C. with D. to 【答案】C【解析】考察的是介词。牢记短语be strict with sb；其次还有be strict in sth的搭配。2. Rodger has promised the dishes when his mum is busy with her workA. to do B. doing C. does D. do【答案】A【解析】考察的是非谓语动词的搭配。promise后面用to do不定式作宾语，可以看作promise to do sth

39、的搭配。3. 一Lets go to the amusement park after the final exam!一 good idea!A. What B. What aC .How D. How a【答案】B【解析】感叹句What/How哪一个作为开头的问题，主要看主语的前一个单词的词性是形容词还是名词；该句的完整结构应为：What a good idea (it is)!; 主谓部分进行了省略，主语的前一个单词是可数名词idea；故选What a4. Tom has succeeded in completing a difficult task through hard work.

40、 He is more _now.A. energeticB. modest C. confident D. organized【参考答案】C【解析】读懂句意即可：通过努力，汤姆已成功完成了一个困难的任务。他现在更加自信了；5. we dont save water, we will have no water to drink one day.A. Unless B. Although C. Until D. If【答案】D【解析】考察状语从句的引导词。需要考生通过句意判断出所缺少的引导词的意思：如果我们不节约水，有一天我们会没有水喝。6. I used to quarrel a lot w

41、ith my parents, but now we very well.A. get off B. get along C. get away D. get up【答案】B【解析】通过句意选择合适的动词短语：我过去常常和我的父母吵架，但是现在我们相处的很好；故选get along。7. my father my mother is able to drive a car. So they often take turnsdrive me to schoolA. Not only, but also B. Neither, nor C. Either, or D. Both, and【答案】A

42、【解析】考察并列连词。句意：不但我父亲会开车，我妈也会。所以他们经常轮流载我去学校；根据句意排除B/C; 由于句中的be动词是is,可以看出来就近原则,故选A8. 一Why are you standing here, Mrs. Green?一I am waiting for my son. He come back from school.A. didnt B. hasnt C. wont D. doesnt【答案】B【解析】过去发生的事情对现在有影响或者过去发生的事情延续到现在，时态用现在完成时；句意中是格林夫人的儿子现在还没有回来，所以格林夫人一直在等他；9.一Finding infor

43、mation is not a big deal today.一Well, the is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.A. exchange B. message C. challenge D. knowledge 【答案】C【解析】考察名词之间的辨析。句意：如今找到信息不是个大问题；现在的挑战是我们如何分辨信息是否有用；10. 一Never forget your table manners. You talk with your mouth full.一OK, Mum, I got It.A.mustnt

44、 t B. couldnt C. neednt D. wouldnt【答案】A【解析】考察情态动词的额用法。规章制度用must；这里讲的是餐桌礼仪；11. 一We havent seen Anna for a long time. I am excited with her visit.一So am L. We need to find out so that we can book a room tor her.A. where she is busy moving around B. how she think of our cityC. why she will pay a visit

45、to our city D. when she will get to our city【答案】D【解析】考察宾语从句的用法。句意：我们得弄清楚她什么时候到我们市，以便我们能够给她订房间；根据句意排除A/C/B。12. 一The number of old people in our country is increasing.一I believe they better care of in the future with the development or our country.A. take B. will take C. are taken D. will be taken 【答案

46、】D【解析】考察被动语态。they是指上句当中的老年人，old people和take care of之间是被动关系，再加上句中的in the future,故答案选择D。 13.一 is it from Sunshine Middle School to the nearest post office?一About twenty minutes ride by bus.A. How soon B. How long C. How far D. How much【答案】C【解析】根据答句：乘大巴大约20分钟，可知闻的路程，所以选择how far。14. 一I wish some magic medicine could help me remember everything in class.一 .Only hard work brings you what you wish for.A. Sounds great B. Good idea C. With pleasure D. Get real【答案】D【解析】考察情景交际。D选项get real(现实点吧）符合句意；只有努力工作才能带给你想要的；其他选项的意思不符合该句话的意思。