专题07 语法填空-五年（2016~2020）高考英语真题分项详解（浙江）.docx

1、五年（20162020）浙江省高考英语试题分项解析07语法填空1.（2020年7月，浙江高考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1. ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 2. could be hunted or gathered from the wild，a

2、nd more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person 3. hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food 4.(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5.(change

3、)lives.By about 6000 BC，people 6. (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the 7. (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 8. (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，wit

4、h 9. rise of science，changes began. New methods 10. (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.【答案】1.in 2.what 3.than 4

5、.was needed 5.to change 6.had discovered7.seasons 8.making 9.the 10.meant.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。1.考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。2.考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野

6、外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。3.考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more than，意为“比更”故填than。4.考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：农业

7、让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。6.考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.7.考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。

8、故填seasons。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。9.考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着.的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。10.考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去

9、时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。2.（2020年1月，浙江高考）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 195011.(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected12.(increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the13.(number)a

10、re more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six.This aging of the population is driven14.two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large15.(compare)to younger generation

11、s, and so, on average, the population becomes16.(old)than before. This is17.(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has18.very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.People tend to focus on the first fa

12、ctor. However, greater attention should19.(place)on longevity(长寿). It isnt just that people are, on average, living longer. Its also that they are on average healthier20.more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.【答案】11.was

13、12.to increase 13.numbers 14.by pared16.older 17.particularly 18.a 19.be placed 20.and【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了世界人口正面临老龄化问题，并分析了其产生的两个原因。11.考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。12.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.

14、“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。13.考查名词的数。句意：对日本来说，这个数字更加惊人1950年是22岁，今天是46岁，2050年是53岁。number为可数名词表示“数字”，且根据下文are可知主语应用复数形式，故填numbers。14.考查介词。句意：人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由；被”应用介词by。故填by。15.考查动词时态语态。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与相比；与某事相提并论”，故填compared。16.考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than b

15、efore可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。17.考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。18.考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。19.考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be placed。20.考查连词。句意：而且，平均而言，他们更健康，更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and

16、，故填and。3.（2019年6月，浙江高考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody 21.(have) to w

17、orry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears 22. same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 23. gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or 24.(cycl

18、e) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 25.(easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 26. this question is not clear. One study in America found that students grades 27.(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didnt want 28.(we

19、ar) the uniform. Other American studies showed no 29.(connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are 30.(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools dont have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at ab

20、out 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.【答案】21.has/will have 22.the 23.that/which 24.cycling 25.easily 26.to27.improved 28.to wear 29.connection/connections 30.traditional【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生穿校服的几个好处。21.考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根

21、据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。22.考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。23.考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。24.考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。25.考查副词。

22、分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。26.考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to .表示“的答案是”，是固定搭配。故填to。27.考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去时，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。28.考查固定用法。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。29.考查名词。句意：其他的美国研

23、究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。30.考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。这里作表语，常用形容词，tradition是名词，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。4.（2018年11月，浙江高考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Caffeine CatchCaffeine, a chemical typical

24、ly found in coffee, has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply. You probably 31.(use) caffeine since childhood. Caffeine 32.(be) in your first Coke. If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar, you ate caffeine. Soft drinks are the major source(来

25、源) of caffeine for most children and even some adults. 33.(recent), caffeine has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks.Small amounts of caffeine-a cup 34. two of coffee a dayseem safe for most people. However, some people have trouble with even small amounts. One cup of coffee

26、35. the late afternoon or evening will cause 36.(they) to stay awake almost all night. Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem 37.(call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you cant sleep.It is possible 38. caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans, too. One study showed that 39.(woman)

27、 who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely 40.(have) children with birth defects.【答案】31. have used/ have been using 32. is (was) 33. Recently 34.or 35. in 36. them 37.called 38.that 39.women 40.to have 【解析】本文是说明文。现在我们的许多食品中添加了咖啡因，文章介绍了大量饮用咖

28、啡因对健康的不良影响。31.考查时态语态。句中时间状语since childhood和现在完成时连用，此处指你可能从小就摄入咖啡因，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在或动作一直在进行，用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填have used/ have been using。32.考查主谓一致。主语Caffeine是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。此处表示一种事实可以用一般现在时。也可以指小时候的事用一般过去时，故填is (was)。33.考查副词。句意：最近，咖啡因已经进入了橙子、苹果和其他调味饮料。此处单独作状语用副词，故填Recently。34.考查连词。此处指每天一杯或两杯咖啡，表示“或者”用连词o

29、r，故填or。35.考查介词。表示“在下午晚些时候或晚上”是in the late afternoon or evening，介词用in，故填in。36.考查代词。此处作动词cause的宾语用宾格形式，故填them。37.考查过去分词。句中problem和动词call是被动关系，指这种问题被叫做caffeinism。此处用过去分词表被动，作problem的定语，故填called。38.考查主语从句。句中it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的从句，从句中不缺少句子成分，意思完整，用that起引导作用，故填that。39.考查名词。此处表示泛指喝大量咖啡的妇女，指某一类人用名词复数。故填women。40

30、.考查动词不定式。此处指每天喝大量咖啡的妇女，怀孕时孩子很可能会先天畸形。表示“可能做某事”是be likely to do sth.，用动词不定式，故填to have。5.（2018年6月，浙江高考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 41.(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 42. come to China cook much

31、 less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 43. can be to eat out. I still remember 44. (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I 45.(shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to 46.(become) common for many young people

32、 in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 47.(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 48. (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outsid

33、e the home and the rise in 49.(weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home 50. dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your

34、pocket.【答案】41.dishes 42.who/that 43.it 44.visiting 45.was shocked46.have become 47.affordable 48.higher 49.weight 50.for【解析】作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。41.考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。42.考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。43.考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是

35、it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。44.考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。45.考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。46.考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知，用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。47.考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动

36、词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”，故填affordable。48.考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。49.考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。50.考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词for，故填for。6.（2017年11月，浙江高考） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Easy Ways to Build VocabularyIts not all that hard to build an advanced and large v

37、ocabulary. Like many things in life, its 51.ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that theres enough room for improvement, 52.means youll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldnt think that a few 53.(month) of exercise in your teens would be e

38、nough 54. the rest of your life, and thats also true for building your vocabulary-you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.One of the 55.(effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 56.(real) read at least one good book

39、 a week, preferably a classic. This isnt as hard as it 57.(sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 58.(read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 59.(they) use unconsciously, meaning that you

40、will tend to use the words 60.(learn) this way in conversations almost automatically.【答案】51.an 52.which 53.months 54.for 55.most effective56.really 57.sounds 58.reading 59.their 60.learned【解析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。51.考查冠词。句意：和生活中许多事情一样，积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”，欧宁以元音音素开头， “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。52.

41、考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过分析句子结构可知，_means youll just keep getting better and better.是定语从句，空白处所填的词指代逗号前的theres enough room for improvement，which在句中为关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，并在句中作主语。故填which。53.考查名词单复数。句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词，且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。54.考查介词。句意：几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enough for sth 对已足够。故填介词for

42、。55.考查形容词最高级。句意：读好书是扩大词汇量最有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“最有效的方法之一”，因此填most effective。56.考查词性转换。句意：你需要一周至少真正读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词 read，因此填really。57.考查谓语动词。句意：这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实，而且主语为it，因此用sound的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.58.考查非谓语动词。句意：你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading . 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are readin

43、g. 的省略形式。故填reading。59.考查代词。句意：另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词，故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。60.考查非谓语动词。句意：你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。7.（2017年6月，浙江高考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Last October, while tending her garden in Mora,

44、Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 61.(carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 62.(shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed 63. loudly that her daughter

45、 came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 64.(I),” says Pahlsson.Sixteen years 65.(early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 66. (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters then ten, eight, and six had picke

46、d it up, but the girls said they hadnt. Pahlsson and her husband 67.(search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 68.(sweep) into a pile of kitche

47、n rubbish and was spread over the garden, 69. it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 70. wonder.【答案】61.carrots 62.shiny/shining 63.so 64.myself 65.earlier66.to cook 67.searched 68.swept 69.where 70.a【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了主人公Pahlsson在一个胡

48、萝卜的茂密的叶子下面，找到了她遗失很久的结婚戒指。16年前Pahlsson在厨房做饭时取下戒指，之后戒指就找不到了。而16年后花园中胡萝卜的意外发芽使戒指通过绿叶又被找回。她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中，他们认为戒指的失而复得是个奇迹。61.考查名词的数。句意：Lena Pahlsson掏出一把小胡萝卜正要扔掉。a handful of意为“一把，几个”，后加可数名词复数形式。故填carrots。62.考查形容词。句意：她注意到一个闪亮的物体。这里用形容词修饰名词，shine的形容词形式可以是shiny/shining，故填shiny/shining。63.考查固定句型。句

49、意：Pahlsson大声的喊叫以至于她女儿从房子里跑出来。sothat意为“如此以至于”。故填so。64.考查代词。句意：她认为我伤害了我自己。女儿听到母亲的叫声跑出门后，是以为母亲伤害了她自己。故填myself。65.考查固定表达。由语境也可知，作者想要强调这个戒指是十六年前丢的，想要强调时间。“数词+years earlier”表示多年前，故填earlier。66.考查非谓语动词。句意：Pahlsson把钻石戒指摘掉去做饭。这里用不定式表目的，故填to cook。67.考查时态。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫在厨房寻找。由语境可知，这段是她回忆戒指丢失的场景，故谓语动词需要用过去时。故填

50、searched。68.考查被动语态。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中。由语境可知，戒指是被扫到花园中，got在此是系动词。故填swept。69.考查定语从句。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中，在那里直到胡萝卜意外地发芽使戒指通过绿叶又被找到。前后两句很完整，由句意可知，后半句是对花园进行了进一步的解释说明。故后半句是定语从句，先行词是garden，在定语从句作地点状语，关系词用where，故填where。70.考查冠词。句意：它的回来（指戒指失而复得）是一件很奇妙的事。wonder在这句话中的词性是名词，表示

51、数量“一”，可数名词单数前需要加冠词。故填a。8.（2016年10月，浙江高考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Magic TouchFrom my hotel room window，I could see a large advertisement board with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician. I absent-mindedly turned the 56 (page) of the phone book and came across a city map. Drinking my ic

52、ed coffee I ran my fingers along the streets 57 the hotel to the opera hall. Not more 58 a half-hour walk, I thought. I looked 59 (quick) at the clock, The show starts in one hour; plenty of time! I drank the rest of my coffee and went to take a shower. Soon after, I was on my way to the show, 60 (c

53、arry) a fancy black handbag and a happy smile. The hall was dark when I came in; the show was about 61 (begin). I made my way backstage just 62 the great magician was putting on his top hat. “Daddy, Im so glad to see you,” I 63 (whisper), Im in town for the writers class, but I just couldnt miss you

54、r show.” I gave him a quick hug and went back into the seating area，leaving him with a 64 (surprise) smile. I settled down in the darkness, and the curtains opened. Magically, that show remains the Great Jasons best 65 (perform) to this day.【答案】56.pages 57.from 58.than 59.quickly 60.carrying61.to be

55、gin 62.as/when 63.whispered 64.surprised 65.performance【解析】本文讲述了作者观看魔术师表演的故事。56.pages 句意：我心不在焉地翻阅电话簿。此处用名词复数，故填pages。57.from 表示“从宾馆到歌剧厅”。from.to.从到，故填from。58.than 表示“最多半小时的路程”。not more than至多。故填than。59.quickly 副词修饰动词，故填quickly。60.carrying 现在分词表伴随状态，故填carrying。61.to begin 句意：表演正要开始。be about to do sth.正要做某事，故填to begin。62.as/when 句意：当伟大的魔术师正戴上他的帽子时，我以我的方式到了后台。时间状语从句，故填as/when。63.whispered 过去发生在过去，故用一般过去时态，故填whispered。64.surprised 句意：带着惊讶的微笑离开了他。过去分词作前置定语，故填surprised。65.performance 表示“最好的表演”，此处用名词形式，故填performance。