专题11 阅读理解之说明文（名校最新期末真题）-2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（牛津译林版）.docx

1、牛津译林版八年级下学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分(名校最新期末真题)专题11 阅读理解之说明文（2022春江苏镇江八年级统考期末）Having a chance to compete (参赛) in the Olympics is not easy. Some athletes even change sports. They compete in both summer and winter Olympic events.AthletesEventsCareersMontell Douglas 36, UKSummer: 100m, 4100m relay (接力赛)Winter: bobsl

2、eigh (雪车)In 2008, Douglas competed in her first Olympics at the Birds Nest stadium as a sprinter (短跑运动员). Now, shes back as part of a two-woman bobsleigh team. She joined the British bobsleigh team in 2016 and went to the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics as a reserve (替补队员). But in Beijing she actua

3、lly competed. “Youre never too old or too late. You should always dream and dream big.” she said.Nathan Crumpton 36, American SamoaSummer: 100mWinter: skeleton (钢架雪车)Do you remember the shirtless flag bearer (旗手) at the Opening Ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics? He is Nathan Crumpton, the only

4、 one who stands for of American Samoa at the Games.He competed in the 100m at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics. He said, “Its a great honor to take part in two Olympic Games in less than one year.” Crumpton won American Samoas first gold medal in skeleton at the 2019 North American Cup.Ayumu Hirano 23

5、, JapanSummer: skateboardingWinter: snowboardingAyumu Hirano won the Japanese National Skateboarding Championship in 2019. After his Olympic skateboarding show in Tokyo 2020, he continued to challenge himself in snowboarding events.Hirano grew up riding on his fathers own skate park ramps (坡道). This

6、 helped with his snowboarding skills. He won his first World Cup. Speaking of the Beijing 2022 games, he said, “I want to express myself in a way that only I can.”1Which part of the newspaper is this article most probably taken from?AFASHIONBSPORTSCSCIENCEDEDUCATION2How do they feel about competing

7、in both summer and winter Olympic events?ASurprised and worried.BSerious and nervous.CCheerful and thankful.DConfident and proud.3What can we learn from the table?AHiranos father acted as his snowboarding coach.BDouglas didnt complete in the Olympic events until 2022.CHirano achieved great success i

8、n both skateboarding and snowboarding.DCrumpton won his first gold medal in skeleton in the Beijing Winter Olympics.（2022春江苏镇江八年级统考期末）COVID-19 is still spreading around the planet. This years Earth Day focuses on climate (气候) change. Scientists agree that climate change is causing harm to the world

9、in the form of bad weather and natural disasters. Will climate change lead to more disease outbreaks in the future?The answer is a possible “yes”. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), studies have shown that a warming Earth is causing more infectious (传染性的) diseases.Malaria (疟疾), a seri

10、ous and sometimes deadly disease, is mainly spread by mosquitoes (蚊子). Climate change results in more heat waves and floods, which provide perfect conditions for mosquitoes to breed (繁殖). In India, for example, the warmer climate has increased the risk by about five times. Studies also suggest that

11、global increases in temperature will drive diseasecarrying insects from the equator (赤道) to the north. This means some diseases like malaria or dengue fever (登革热) may move into new areas, such as Europe.Deforestation (滥伐森林), a major cause of climate change, has something to do with infectious diseas

12、es, according to Nature. In places such as Central and West Africa, there have been serious deforestation and losses of living areas for bats (蝙蝠). These bats have started living closer to humans, which increases the possibility of Ebola (埃博拉) outbreaks.As ice keeps melting (融化) into water, diseases

13、 that lie under the ice may also come back. In 2016, a city in northern Russia saw an outbreak of anthrax (炭疽) during a heat wave. Scientists believe the virus came out from the frozen soil because of rising temperatures. About 90 people were infected, the New York Times reported.What can we do to “

14、cool” Earth?Governments canPut a tax (税) or fee on carbon emissions.Advise using clean energy, such as wind and sun energy.Make policies and laws to protect the environment.You canTurn off electronic devices, such as computers and TVs when you arent using them.Take a walk, ride a bike or take public

15、 transportation as much as you can.Buy products that are energy-efficient.4What kind of harm may be caused by climate change?ADeforestation.BEnergy shortage.CTransportation cost.DBad weather and natural disasters.5What does the underline word “This” in Paragraph 3 mean?AThe rising temperatures help

16、mosquitoes to breed.BSerious diseases can only stay alive in northern areas.CInsects help spread some serious diseases to the north.DHigh temperatures make a difference to the looks of insects.6What is TRUE according to the passage?AAn outbreak of anthrax resulted from the frozen soil.BThe climate c

17、hange does little harm to the peoples health.CBats act as a way for diseases to spread because of the deforestation.DThis years Earth Day advises people to stop the spread of the diseases.7The purpose of this article is to_.Aexplain the possible diseases under the warmer climateBintroduce how to sav

18、e energy and protect the environmentCexpress the writers ideas about what leads to the climate changeDwarn people of diseases the warmer climate brings and offer some advice（2022春江苏淮安八年级校考期末）Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smile? We hope we can help you understand how we are

19、 trying to help children all over the world.Operation Smile was started by a doctor and Operation Smile his wife. In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to Philippines to help children who bad holes in their lips or inside their mouths. It was very difficult for them to eat and drink. The

20、se volunteers worked very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they were short of money. Then they decided to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. They called it Operation Smile.Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing countri

21、es and has cured over 300,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999 they even started a special event called “The Journey of Hope”. 5,000 children in 18 countries were cured during the event.On the other hand, Operation Smile train

22、s local doctors and nurses in developing countries so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them to the USA for further treatment.So show your kindness to the needy children now. You can send your don

23、ation to Operation Smile at local banks. Many thanks from the children who can smile now will come to you.8What is Operation Smile?AA bank.BA hospital.CA school.DA charity.9Children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths have problems with _.Aeating and drinkingBwalking and runningCstart

24、ing a charityDworking as a volunteer10How many children were cured during the event “The Journey of Hope” in 1999?A18.B1982.C5,000.D300,000.11The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to _.Athe doctor and his wifeBchildren who have too serious problemsClocal doctors and nursesDpeople who work

25、 in developing countries12What does the writer ask us to do?ATo be a doctor of Operation Smile.BTo be a volunteer in Philippines.CTo offer money to local banks.DTo donate money to Operation Smile.（2022春江苏宿迁八年级统考期末）March 16 is International Sleep Day. And we should all celebrate the act of sleeping.

26、Researchers say sleep is probably the best tool we have for memory and learning. But what about getting rest during the middle of the day?A recent study on napping(小睡) says short periods of sleep may help our brains work better. Past studies have shown that napping can help babies and young children

27、 learn better. And napping can help brain performance in older adults. Taking a nap may also help this group of people fight off memory loss because of the increase in their age.Many Americans do nap. But one-third of all adults in the United States are also chronically(长期的) tired, says the U.S. Cen

28、ters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It found that 50 million to 70 million Americans have chronic sleep disorders. However, they seem to be unwilling to tell people that they take a nap. They may think that napping shows they are weak or they dont have enough energy. It is not an uncommon

29、 opinion that only children, the very old, sick or lazy people nap. In fact, Americans sometimes do a very strange thing. Some people brag about how few hours of sleep they need each night to show that they are somehow stronger than the average human-superhuman, if you will. However, that may be cha

30、nging. Many offices now offer napping rooms and napping cafes(咖啡馆) are appearing in many U.S. cities, including Washington, DC Remember that an hour long nap may be too long for young, healthy adults. It is Recommended that 30 minutes is enough to remove the pressure(压力) to sleep and will help peopl

31、e feel more awake. If people nap longer, they will get trapped into deep sleep, which can be hard to get out of. If you have trouble falling asleep at night, limit your daytime nap to under 45 minutes. Also nap before 3 p.m.13Who are “this group of people” in Paragraph 2?AThe babies.BThe children.CT

32、he older adults.DThe young people.14The underlined word “brag” in Paragraph 3 means _.Achat sadlyBtalk proudlyCwhisper secretlyDspeak politely15For a young man with sleep problems, it is good to _.Atake a 40-minute-long noon napBtake a nap whenever he feels sleepyCtake an one-hour-long nap after din

33、nerDtake a 30-minute-long nap in the evening16Why are some Americans unwilling to tell people that they take a nap?ABecause 50 million to 70 million Americans have chronic sleep disorders.BBecause it may make them seem weak.CBecause it is common for Americans to take a nap.DBecause only the old, the

34、 sick and children need a nap.（2022春江苏宿迁八年级统考期末）Do you know how to cook, clean or grow plants? If not, you will soon. These will all be part of Chinese public education starting this fall. A new standard (标准) for labor r education recently came out. Students in primary and middle school will have at

35、 least one class a week to try and experience different kinds of labor and learn different life skills and even job skills. The standard includes different tasks for each grade. For example, fifth- and sixth-graders learn to cook two or three common dishes, like fried eggs or scrambled eggs with tom

36、ato. This move is to make Chinese students, life colourful and build their character (品行) through labor. Chinese school education didnt pay enough attention (重视) to this in the past. According to a 2019 report, Chinese kids only do 12 minutes of practical activity each day, while US kids do 1.2 hour

37、s each day, China Daily reported. The standard also asks families to take part in students labor education. They will help students become good at doing all kinds of housework. Students should learn housework skills. Also, they will have a chance to try new technologies (技术) like 3D printing and las

38、er cutting. And they will learn to make traditional things by hand.17According to the new standard for labor education, students in primary and middle school will _.Ahave classes on weekends.Blearn different life skills at school.Ccook their own lunches at school.Dwrite their own learning standards.

39、18If Cao Qiang is a student in Grade 5, he will learn to _ soon.Aget all life skillsBtry new technologiesCcook two or three common dishesDmake traditional things by hand19The underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refers to _.Alabor educationBpublic educationCschool educationDfamily education

40、20Whats the best title for the passage?AA simple way of labor educationBFamily education for studentsCLabor education to get job skillsDA new standard for labor education（2022春江苏宿迁八年级统考期末）Shortly after the Shenzhou XIII crew (全体组员) returned to Earth in April, the door of Tiangong space station opene

41、d again! On June 5, it welcomed another three Chinese astronautsChen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe.This is Chinas Shenzhou XIVmission, the ninth manned spaceflight (载人航天飞行) for China, according to China Daily. The astronauts will stay 400 kilometers above the Earth for six months. During the Shenzhou

42、 XIII mission on Tiangong, astronauts tested many key technologies. This was to help the proper “construction team (施工队)”, the Shenzhou XIV crew, to complete the bulking of Tiangong.The crew have a busy schedule (时间表). They will work with ground controllers to connect the Wentian and Mengtian space

43、labs (实验室) with the Tianhe core module (核心舱). Wentian will be launched (发射) in July and Mengtian in October. Astronauts will use a robotic arm to move the labs to their final position. “There will likely be technical uncertainties that the astronauts may have to deal with,” said Pang Zhihao, who wor

44、ked at the China Academy of Space Technology. Once completed, the station will form a T-shaped structure.The crew will also enter the two space labs for the first time. They will install equipment (安装仪器) and do scientific experiments. They will also do two to three spacewalks. We can also look forwa

45、rd to fun lectures given by the astronauts!When their mission is completed around the end of this year, the Tiangong space station will become fully operational. The crew will meet another three astronauts from the Shenzhou XV mission. The six astronauts will work together for five to 10 days inside

46、 Tiangong, before the Shenzhou XIV crew fly back to Earth in December.The Tiangong space station is expected to operate (工作) for up to 15 years, officials said, noting that it will also be open to foreign astronauts.21The underlined word “mission” in Paragraph 2 means _.Aimportant taskBtravel experi

47、enceCdifficult competitionDuseful survey22How will the two space labs be moved to their final position?ABy the crew of Shenzhou XIII and Shenzhou XIV.BBy an AI robot sent to space.CBy a robotic arm used by the astronauts.DBy ground controllers using machines on Earth.23When will the Shenzhou XV crew

48、 be sent to space?AThis June.BAt the end of this year.CThis April.DIn June next year.24We can read this article from _.Aa comic bookBa novelCa playDa newspaper（2022春江苏宿迁八年级统考期末）As an English saying goes “Where theres tea, theres hope.” A Chinese saying goes that “Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, s

49、auce, vinegar (醋) and tea are the seven necessary things to begin a day.”Tea is popular all over the world. It is said that nearly 5.8 million tons of tea was produced around the world in 2018. In Turkey (土耳其), tea has become the most popular hot drink. This is because that coffee costs have risen a

50、nd tea has become a cheaper drink. People in Ireland drink cups of hot tea to get through the grey, foggy winters. Tea drinking in the UK began in the eighteenth century. Traders introduced the drink from China as something very expensive. But now tea is a common drink in the UK. In order to celebra

51、te the popular drink, the United Nations has designated (指定) May 21 as International Tea Day. This year, many countries celebrated the first International Tea Day, including China. According to the UN, tea is more than a hot drink. Its a big part of many cultures around the world. You probably know

52、that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests. The British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that countrys culture. In some other countries, tea is also offered during gatherings and talks. In addition to (除了) its cultural importance, tea is

53、also a medicine. It has been used from old times to modern day. “Tea is cold and lowers the fire.” Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist (草药师) Li Shizhen once said. It is also found today that tea can prevent heart disease and so on. Hot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is not just a drink. Its a social

54、custom (习俗) and also a magic medicine, a link (联系) to the past and a way of life.25The two sayings used in the first paragraph is _the UK and China.Ato show the long history of tea inBto show the importance of tea inCto tell us the time of drinking tea inDto tell the differences between26Which of th

55、e following about tea is true?AIn Turkey, tea is more expensive than coffee.BIn Ireland, people drink tea to keep cool in winter.CIn the UK, tea is only enjoyed by rich people.DIn China, tea has been used as medicine for long.27The writer writes the passage (文章) mainly to introduce _.Adifferent kind

56、s of teaBold sayings of teaCimportant uses of teaDthe first International Tea Day（2022春江苏扬州八年级统考期末）Tomatoes taste great. With a lot of vitamins, they are good for you, too! People all over the world enjoy this amazing fruit. Not all tomatoes are red. They can be yellow, orange, pink, or white. All t

57、omatoes are green before they are ready to be picked. Then the tomatoes turn their true color. Thats when theyre ready to eat!Tomatoes first grew in the Americas. The Incas (印加人) grew them over 1,000 years ago. They were introduced to Europe by the Spanish in the early 16th century. The Spanish and

58、Italians seem to be the first Europeans to accept them as food. In France, people grew tomatoes in the garden just to enjoy their beauty. Many people there thought tomatoes would make them sick. It was years before some of them would eat tomatoes. Tomatoes are fruits. They grow from seeds. They wont

59、 grow in cold weather. But with water, sunlight and warmth, tomatoes grow fast. They can grow in pots or in the ground. As the plant grows taller, people may tie it to a stick. Next is the blooming stage. Flowers appear. The flowers turn into fruit. Some kinds of tomatoes can be picked in about six

60、more weeks. Some tomatoes are large. One kind of tomato can weigh as much as two pounds. You can eat raw tomatoes. First, wash them. Then, cut them up for salads or sandwiches. Tomatoes can be cooked, too. They can be grilled, boiled, or even fried. Do you use ketchup(番茄酱)? It is made from tomatoes.

61、 Tomatoes dont have a smell. But they taste great in foods around the world. Many dishes from India use tomatoes. Spaghetti sauce and pizza from Italy use them, too. Raw tomatoes are in Mexican salsa.28What can we know from Paragraph 3?AThe Incas grew tomatoes in the 16th century.BThe Italians intro

62、duced tomatoes to Europe.CEating tomatoes could make people sick.DThe Frenchmen didnt eat tomatoes at first.29From the passage, we know that tomatoes _.Acome in different colorsBare a kind of small fruitsCcan grow in all weathersDhave a special sweet smell30What does the underlined word “raw” in Par

63、agraph 5 meaning?A煮过的B未煮的C美味的D酸涩的31Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?ABCD（2022春江苏南通八年级统考期末）Among all the books I have read so far, one of my favourites is Number the Stars, written by the American author Lois Lowry. The book is set in 1943 during the Holocaust（大屠杀）. It took p

64、lace three days after Denmark surrendered（投降）to Germany. Around this time, the Nazi（纳粹）began to “relocate” the Jews（犹太人）they had caught in Denmark. The books main character, 10-year-old Annemarie, lives in Denmark. Her good friend, 10-year-old Ellen Rosen, comes from a Jewish family. Word has spread

65、 that Nazis are going to “relocate” the Jews living in Denmark. Luckily, Sweden, unoccupied by the Nazis, makes an ideal place for the Jews to run away to. Its time for Annemarie to work up her courage（勇气）in order to help her good friend out. Will she and her family risk their lives for the Rosens?

66、You will know the answer by reading the novel for yourself. Through the reading of Number the Stars, I realized the importance of friendship. Without their strong friendship with the Danish people, the Jews couldnt have outsmarted the Nazis. But true friendships dont only appear in books. They are a

67、ctually all around us. Good friends help each other in many situations, from those that are as small as solving a maths problem to those as big as the one in Number the Stars. I have many great friends who have always been with me and helped me to deal with the difficulties I have met in my life. I

68、should value it all my life.32We can learn from the passage that _.ANumber the Stars was written by a JewishBthe story happened in the forties of the 20th centuryCLois Lowry is the books main characterDAnnemarie comes from a Jewish family in Sweden33We can infer from the passage that _.AAnnemarie an

69、d her family may face much dangerBAnnemarie and her family will surrender to the NazisCAnnemarie will escape to Sweden instead of Ellen RosenDAnnemarie will help her friends escape to the USA easily34The last paragraph of the article is mainly about _.Awhy the Jews are cleverer than the NazisBwhy th

70、e writer decided to write the articleCbow the writer gets on with his/her friendsDwhat the writer has learnt from the book（2022春江苏南通八年级统考期末）Have you been finding yourself in hot water with just about everyone in your life? Have your parents got angry with you because you didnt clean up your room eve

71、n after they had repeatedly told you to do so? Have your teachers been criticizing you for not handing in your homework on time? Maybe you are even in trouble with yourself. Are you yawning (打哈欠) all the time? Do the things that used to interest you no longer make you feel good?Did you answer “yes”

72、to some or even all of these questions? Do you consider yourself to be a gamer? If so, then maybe its time to turm off your computer and read this article carefully. More and more study has proved that too much gaming can change your brain structure (构造). It can also lead to some physical illnesses

73、that will remain with you for a lifetime. Your love for games is taking away your freedom to control your own future. This is not a joke!Luckily, there are ways for you to help yourself so that you can start feeling good about your life again. The first step is to accept that youve got a problem. Yo

74、u can say this to your friends. Next, spend some time learning about what is happening inside your brain as a result of too much gaming. Think about how you feel when you are playing your favorite games. As soon as you win a round, do your hands move to start a new game without you even thinking abo

75、ut it? This is a clear sign of addiction (上瘾) a brain disease. In order to fight this disease, you may have to give up playing a particular game. Limit the amount of time you spend on gaming (the new national rules may be just what you need). You can also get help from your friends. They can, for ex

76、ample, help you to take up some new hobbies. The teen brain is very flexible: it can repair itself. The key, however, is whether you are willing enough to give the chance to do so. It is time to click “_*_”.35What is the underlined phrase “in hot water with” in the passage similar to?Aget into troub

77、le withBhave fun withCbe popular withDbe honest with36According to the passage, which of the following is true?AA good gamer doesnt have a clear sign of addiction.BToo much gaming can cause some lifelong illnesses.CThe love for games can help you control your future.DOnce you have a game addiction,

78、it cant be cured.37Who is the article probably written for?ATeachers.BParents.CTeenagers.DDoctors.38Which is the best choice for “_*_” in the last sentence?ABackBStartCQuit (退出)DUpdate (更新)参考答案：1B 2D 3C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了3位运动员，不仅参加了夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会，而且还是通过不同的运动项目参加的。1推理判断题。根据“Having a chance to compete (参赛

79、) in the Olympics is not easy. Some athletes even change sports. They compete in both summer and winter Olympic events.”可知，运动员、奥运赛等等都是和运动相关的内容。故选B。2推理判断题。根据“Youre never too old or too late. You should always dream and dream big.”“Its a great honor to take part in two Olympic Games in less than one y

80、ear.”以及“I want to express myself in a way that only I can.”可知，他们充满了自信和骄傲。故选D。3细节理解题。根据“Ayumu Hirano won the Japanese National Skateboarding Championship in 2019.”，和“This helped with his snowboarding skills. He won his first World Cup. ”可知，在这两个领域中都获得了很好的奖项。故选C。4D 5C 6C 7D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变化引起的自然灾害和疾

81、病对人类的影响，作者为应对气候变化提出了建议。4细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists agree that climate change is causing harm to the world in the form of bad weather and natural disasters.”可知，气候变化会造成恶劣天气及自然灾害。故选D。5推理判断题。根据第三段“Studies also suggest that global increases in temperature will drive diseasecarrying insects from the equator (

82、赤道) to the north. This means some diseases like malaria or dengue fever (登革热) may move into new areas, such as Europe.”可知，全球气温的升高将把携带疾病的昆虫从赤道带到北方。这意味着一些疾病，如疟疾或登革热，可能会转移到欧洲等新的地区。划线部分This指代“昆虫帮助将一些严重的疾病传播到北方”。故选C。6细节理解题。根据第四段“Deforestation (滥伐森林), a major cause of climate changeThese bats have started

83、 living closer to humans, which increases the possibility of Ebola (埃博拉) outbreaks.”可知，由于砍伐森林，蝙蝠的栖息地减少，它们会越来越接近人类，成为疾病传播的途径。故选C。7主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了由于气候变化引起的各种自然疾病，并提出建议应对气候变化。故选D。8D 9A 10C 11B 12D【导语】本文主要讲述了慈善机构Operation Smile。8细节理解题。根据“Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smil

84、e?”可知，Operation Smile是一个慈善机构，故选D。9细节理解题。根据“It was very difficult for them to eat and drink.”可知，对他们来说，吃和喝是非常困难的。故选A。10细节理解题。根据“5,000 children in 18 countries were cured during the event.”可知，在活动期间，18个国家的5000名儿童被治愈。故选C。11词句猜测题。根据“As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them t

85、o the USA for further treatment.”可知，至于有更严重问题的孩子，他们会把他们送到美国接受进一步治疗。因此them代指“children who have too serious problems”，故选B。12细节理解题。根据“You can send your donation to Operation Smile at local banks.”可知，你可以把你的捐款送到当地银行的微笑行动。故选D。13C 14B 15A 16B【导语】本文主要讲述了好的睡眠对于人们的重要性。13细节理解题。根据“And napping can help brain perf

86、ormance in older adults. Taking a nap may also help this group of people fight off memory loss because of the increase in their age.”（小睡有助于老年人的大脑表现。小睡也可以帮助这群人克服因年龄增长而导致的记忆力丧失。）可知this group of people指的是“老年人”，故选C。14词义猜测题。根据“Some people brag about how few hours of sleep they need each night to show tha

87、t they are somehow stronger than the average human-superhuman, if you will. ”（如果你愿意的话，有些人会自己每晚只需要几个小时的睡眠就可以证明自己比一般的人类超人更强壮）结合选项可知此处的brag表示“骄傲地说”，故选B。15推理判断题。根据“If you have trouble falling asleep at night, limit your daytime nap to under 45 minutes. Also nap before 3 p.m.”（如果你晚上难以入睡，把白天的小睡时间限制在45分钟以下

88、。下午3点前也要打个盹。）可推断出对于有睡眠问题的年轻人来说，午睡40分钟是很好的，故选A。16细节理解题。根据“However, they seem to be unwilling to tell people that they take a nap. They may think that napping shows they are weak or they dont have enough energy.”（然而，他们似乎不愿意告诉人们他们在午睡。他们可能认为午睡表明他们虚弱或没有足够的精力。）可知有些美国人不愿意告诉别人他们午睡是因为这会让他们看起来很虚弱。故选B。17B 18C

89、19A 20D【导语】本文主要介绍了今年秋天开始，劳动教育将成为中国教育的一部分，并列举了中小学生需要掌握的技能。17细节理解题。根据第二段“Students in primary and middle school will have at least one class a week to try and experience different kinds of labor and learn different life skills and even job skills.”可知，根据新的劳动教育标准，中小学生将在学校学习不同的生活技能，故选B。18细节理解题。根据第二段“For e

90、xample, fifth- and sixth-graders learn to cook two or three common dishes, like fried eggs or scrambled eggs with tomato.”可知，如果曹强是五年级的学生，他很快就会学会做两三道普通菜，故选C。19词义猜测题。根据前一句“This move is to make Chinese students, life colourful and build their character through labor.”可知，这一举措是为了让中国学生的生活丰富多彩，并通过劳动塑造他们的性格

91、，而过去中国的学校教育对这一点重视不够，所以句中的this指的是“劳动教育”，故选A。20最佳标题题。根据文中“A new standard for labor r education recently came out. ”可知，本文介绍了新的劳动教育标准，所以选项D“劳动教育新标准”是最佳标题，故选D。21A 22C 23B 24D【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的航天发展情况以及神舟十四号的任务。21词义猜测题。根据“This is Chinas Shenzhou XIVmission, the ninth manned spaceflight (载人航天飞行) for China, acco

92、rding to China Daily”可知，这是神舟十四号的任务，所以mission表示“任务”，与“important task”同义，故选A。22细节理解题。根据“Astronauts will use a robotic arm to move the labs to their final position”可知，使用机械臂将实验室移动到最终位置，故选C。23推理判断题。根据“When their mission is completed around the end of this year, the Tiangong space station will become full

93、y operational. The crew will meet another three astronauts from the Shenzhou XV mission”可推断，神舟十五号的成员在年底的时候被送往太空，故选B。24推理判断题。根据“This is Chinas Shenzhou XIV mission, the ninth manned spaceflight (载人航天飞行) for China, according to China Daily”可推断，本文是来自报纸，故选D。25B 26D 27C【导语】本文讲述了茶在世界各地非常受欢迎。茶不仅仅是饮料，它是世界上许

94、多文化的重要组成部分，茶还可以作为药材。25推理判断题。根据“As an English saying goes Where theres tea, theres hope. A Chinese saying goes that Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar (醋) and tea are the seven necessary things to begin a day.”可知，英国谚语说：“有茶的地方就有希望。”中国有句谚语说：“柴米油盐酱醋茶是开始一天的七件必要的事情。”这两句谚语告诉我们茶在英国和中国的重要性，故选B

95、。26推理判断题。根据“Tea is cold and lowers the fire. Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist (草药师) Li Shizhen once said.”可知，中国明代药师李时珍曾说过：“茶凉而降火。”因此推断在中国，茶作为药材已经有很长时间了。故选D。27推理判断题。根据“Hot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is not just a drink. Its a social custom (习俗) and also a magic medicine, a link (联系) to the past

96、 and a way of life.”可知，茶不仅仅是一种饮料，还是一种社会习俗，也是一种神奇的药物，是一种连接过去和生活方式的纽带。因此本文主要想要介绍茶的重要用途，故选C。28D 29A 30B 31D【导语】本文主要讲述了西红柿的颜色、发源地、生长周期和吃法。28细节理解题。根据“In France, people grew tomatoes in the garden just to enjoy their beauty. Many people there thought tomatoes would make them sick. It was years before some

97、 of them would eat tomatoes.”可知，法国人一开始不吃西红柿，故选D。29细节理解题。根据“Not all tomatoes are red. They can be yellow, orange, pink, or white.”可知，西红柿有不同的颜色，故选A。30词义猜测题。根据“You can eat raw tomatoes. First, wash them. Then, cut them up for salads or sandwiches.”可知，你可以吃生西红柿。首先洗干净。然后，把它们切碎，做成沙拉或三明治，所以单词“raw”指的是“生吃”，故选

98、B。31篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段总体指出全世界的人都喜欢西红柿；第二到五段分别介绍西红柿的不同方面的情况，包括颜色、种植以及吃法等，属于总分结构，故选D。32B 33A 34D【导语】本文主要介绍了一部小说数星星，并且作者从这本书中学到了友谊的重要性。32细节理解题。根据“The book is set in 1943 during the Holocaust”可知故事发生在20世纪40年代。故选B。33细节理解题。根据“Annemarie to work up her courage（勇气）in order to help her good friend out. Will

99、 she and her family risk their lives for the Rosens”可知如果他们冒险去帮助她的朋友，她的家人可能会面对很大的危险。故选A。34主旨大意题。根据“Through the reading of Number the Stars, I realized the importance of friendship”以及本段内容可知，本段主要讲述了作者从这本书中意识到朋友的重要性。故选D。35A 36B 37C 38C【导语】本文介绍了越来越多的研究证明玩太多游戏会改变大脑结构，详细地介绍了如何远离游戏。35词义猜测题。根据“Have your pare

100、nts got angry with you because you didnt clean up your room even after they had repeatedly told you to do so? Have your teachers been criticizing you for not handing in your homework on time? Maybe you are even in trouble with yourself.”可知，这里说的是自己遇到了一些麻烦的情况，所以前句指的是“是否发现自己和生活中的每个人都陷入了困境”，短语“in hot wa

101、ter with”指的是“陷入的困境”，故选A。36细节理解题。根据“More and more study has proved that too much gaming can change your brain structure. It can also lead to some physical illnesses that will remain with you for a lifetime.”可知，玩游戏太多会导致终身疾病，故选B。37推理判断题。根据“The teen brain is very flexible: it can repair itself. The key,

102、 however, is whether you are willing enough to give the chance to do so.”可知，文章是建议青少年要少玩游戏，所以应该是写给青少年的，故选C。38推理判断题。根据“The teen brain is very flexible: it can repair itself. The key, however, is whether you are willing enough to give the chance to do so.”可知，青少年的大脑非常灵活:它可以自我修复。然而，关键是你是否足够愿意给这样的机会，即停止玩游戏的机会，所以接下来应该是建议退出游戏，故选C。