专题12 必修二综合检测-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识 基本能力双清(译林版2020).docx
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1、专题12 必修二综合检测-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清(译林版2020) 第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARobert Downey Jr. is famous for being a beloved Hollywood actor, but now he is adding “robotics environmentalist” to his list of good qualities. Earlier this week, the Iron Man
2、actor went to the Amazon Mars Conference in Las Vegas to announce the creation of his new foundation which would use nanotechnology (纳米技术) and robotics as a means of cleaning up the planet.Downey Jr. did not show many details on how the organization would begin its clean-up job, but a website went l
3、ive shortly after the actors announcement.As of right now, the website only includes a sign-up sheet for future newsletters and latest news. But Downey Jr. said that he would be spending the next 11 months working together with UN experts and building up the organization so the group could get to wo
4、rk by April 2020.After that, Downey Jr. said that “Between robotics and nanotechnology we could clean up the planet significantly, if not totally, in ten years.” Downey Jr. also explained how his failure to look after the environment in the past is now inspiring him to take action. “I have this quie
5、t sense of crisis (危机),” he said. “I used to spend a lot of energy on things like plane trips, but I want to change.” Regardless of the actors plan, Downey Jr.s net worth is about $81 millionmore than enough to start tidying up the planet.The Amazon Mars Conference, which stands for “Machine learnin
6、g, Automation, Robotics and Space”, hosted a lot of speakers who gave lectures on the benefits of artificial intelligence. In addition to announcing the start of his organization, Downey Jr. also talked about how he and his wife Susan would be the managing producers of a new documentary series on th
7、e wonders of AI.1.Downey Jr. set up the foundation in order to.A.release his newly-made film Iron Man officiallyB.devote his spare time to environmental protectionC.inspire his crazy fans not to damage the environmentD.raise enough money to make films with high technology2.What can be inferred from
8、the text?A.Downey Jr. founded his organization while making his film.B.Downey Jr. joined in cleaning up the planet ten years ago.C.Downey Jr. regretted not leading a greener life in the past.D.Downey Jr. hosted a live conference on AI on the Internet.3.Which of the following can best describe Downey
9、 Jr. in the text?A.Environmentally friendly. B.Generous.C.Warm-hearted. D.Popular.【答案】BCA【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了好莱坞演员小罗伯特唐尼的基金会将使用纳米技术和机器人来净化地球。1.B推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的his new foundation which would use nanotechnology (纳米技术) and robotics as a means of cleaning up the planet可知,唐尼的基金会将会使用纳米技术和机器人来净化地球。因此唐尼成立这个
10、基金会的目的是保护环境。故选B。2.C推理判断题。根据第三段中“I have this quiet sense of crisis (危机),” he said. “I used to spend a lot of energy on things like plane trips, but I want to change.”可知,唐尼对环境有一种危机感。他之前经常坐飞机,消耗了大量的能量,但他现在想要改变,说明他对自己之前的对环境不友好的生活方式感到后悔。故选C。3.A推理判断题。分析文章可知,第一、二段提到唐尼将与联合国专家合作,使用纳米技术和机器人来净化地球,第三段提到唐尼想要改变自己
11、之前不注意环保的生活方式,由此可知唐尼是一个很注重环保的人。environmentally friendly环保的;generous慷慨的;warm-hearted热心的;popular受欢迎的。故选A。B“Film” and “movie” often mean the same thing. Either of the words you use may help others guess where you live or are from. First, lets look at the word “film”. One definition of it is the special
12、material used for taking photographs. But you can also see a film in a theatre. Used this way, “film” and “movie” mean the same thing.And as a verb, “to film” means to record something with a video camera. Here is an example: “Do you want me to film the important moment so you can remember it?”Now l
13、ets turn to “movie”. The worda nouncomes from the phrase “moving pictures”. Movies and films are recordings of moving pictures that tell a story. Here are some example sentences with the word “movie”:“Do you want to go to the movies tonight?” “If you go to Hollywood in California, you might see a mo
14、vie star.” In the United States,it is common to say “the movies” when you talk about going to a movie theatre.Stephen Follows is a writer, producer and film researcher who lives in England. He wrote that people who work in the film industry use “film” more than “movie”. However, he found people who
15、live in the US usually say “movie”, while those in Britain use both. “Film” is still more popular in Europe and parts of Africa, but “movie” is best in America, as well as in Japan and India. So that is why Americans say “English at the movies” rather than “English at the films”!4.Whats the same mea
16、ning of “film” and “movie”?A.The thing we see in a theatre.B.The actors performance in a film.C.The material used for making a film.D.Recording something with a video camera.5.What is the third paragraph mainly about?A.The use of the word “movie”.B.The definition of the word “film”.C.The difference
17、between “film” and “movie”.D.The places where people use “film” and “movie”.6.In which place do people prefer using “movie” to using “film” according to the text?A.China.B.France.C.America.D.England.7.What can be the best title for the text?A.English at the Movies or English at the Films?B.Judge a P
18、ersons Identity Just by English WordsC.The Difference Between American and British EnglishD.Is “Movie” Older than “Film” in the World?【答案】AACA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章从定义、词性、用法和使用地区等几个方面将“film”和“movie”这两个词进行比较,说明它们的相同和不同之处。4.A细节理解题。根据第一段中But you can also see a film in a theatre. Used this way, “film” and “movi
19、e” mean the same thing.可知,当我们说“在电影院里看电影”的时候, “film”和“movie”的意思是一样的。故选A。5.A主旨大意题。根据第三段首句Now lets turn to “movie”.及整段内容可知,此段介绍“movie”这个词的来历,并举了两个使用“movie”的例子。因此这一段是介绍“movie”这个词的用法。故选A。6.C细节理解题。根据第四段中people who live in the US usually say “movie”, while those in Britain.but “movie” is best in America 可知
20、,住在美国的人通常说“movie”,而英国人两者都使用,但在美国使用“movie”最合适。故选C。7.A主旨大意题。文章从定义、词性、用法和使用地区等几个方面将“film”和“movie”这两个词进行比较,说明了它们的相同和不同之处。故选A。CRumors (谣言)weve all heard some and weve all spread some. In more traditional times they shook entire families. Today, they travel differently because the way we share information
21、 has changed.The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally. We dont enjoy being on the receiving end of one, since they usually dont have good intentions. They are somewhat veiled (掩饰的) messages.Normally rumors are oral messages: words of mouth. The par
22、adox (悖论) is that there is no evidence to support rumors, but the more people share it, the more they see it as true. To finish explaining rumors, we think that they follow certain very clear laws. Secrecy: The source is unknown. There is also a proven phenomenon that human beings usually forget the
23、 source of a message before they forget its content. Certainty: We hardly question rumors simply because of the mental effort involved. On the other hand, no one likes to doubt a person who convinces us that the information they spread is true. Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to f
24、ill in the gaps left by the first rumor.Another property (属性) of rumors is that they tend to become viral. Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter (传播者) of the information. The receiver often adds his own opinion. His manner and tone of transmitting it also change it.How can we end
25、 rumors? The answer is as simple as it is impossible: preventing people from communicating. A more realistic response is equally difficult, although less than the first one. It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask (if pos
26、sible) the person we heard it from whether he also trusts the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor.8.What can we learn about rumors?A.We have all heard some and believed them.B.Were happy to be the receiving end of them.C.They m
27、ay have negative influence on society.D.They often hide good intentions in the messages.9.How are rumors like a tree?A.Rumors keep changing, just as trees change their colors.B.Rumors are deeply rooted in reality, like tree roots in the earth.C.New rumors have gaps, like the space between tree branc
28、hes.D.New rumors grow out of the original, like branches out of a trunk.10.What does the underlined word “viral” in Para.4 probably mean?A.Easily spread.B.Acceptable. C.Easily defended. D.Beneficial.11.Which of the following may the author agree?A.It is easy to prevent people from spreading rumors.B
29、.People are often active in judging the rumors critically.C.We should think about the hidden messages of the rumors.D.Stories told by the victors are usually more worth trusting.【答案】CDAC【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谣言的特点,分析了谣言存在的原因,并提出了终止谣言的方法。8.C推理判断题。根据第二段第一句The fact is that rumors have great potential to u
30、pset things, whether socially or personally.可知,无论是在社会层面还是个人层面,谣言都有可能搅乱事情。由此可知,谣言可能会对社会产生负面影响。故选C。9.D细节理解题。根据第三段中It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the first rumor.可知,谣言就像一棵树,新的谣言产生来填补第一个谣言留下的缺口。由此可知,新的谣言是从原来的谣言中产生的,就像树干上的树枝。故选D。10.A词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句后的Each receive
31、r is at the same time a potential transmitter (传播者) of the information.可知,每个接收者同时又是信息的潜在传播者。由此推知,画线词所在句Another property (属性) of rumors is that they tend to become viral.意为“谣言的另一个属性是它们往往会变得容易传播”。故选A。11.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselv
32、es if the source is reliable. Ask (if possible) the person we heard it from whether he also trusts the information.可知,我们应该问问自己消息来源是否可靠,询问告诉我们消息的人,他是否也相信这些信息。由此可推知,我们应该思考谣言背后隐藏的信息。故选C。DNature is like a great magician, performing wonders on Earth. One of them is the Amazon rainforest, the worlds large
33、st and home to millions of plants and animals. Nicknamed “the lungs of our planet”, it generates about one-fifth of Earths oxygen. However, this wonderful natural wonder is currently in danger.Thousands of fires have broken out in Brazil,endangering much of the rainforest. These blazes(火灾)have laste
34、d several weeks and are believed to be the “most intense” in almost a decade, according to BBC News.The Amazon has seen a large number of fires in 2019. Between January and August, there were over 74,000 firesthe highest number since 2013, according to the BBC.Forest fires are common during the dry
35、season, which runs from July to October. They are usually caused by natural events, such as lightning strikes. However, most of the fires this year are believed to be caused by farmers, who use fire as a traditional part of tropical agriculture to clean land, according to the CNN.The disaster has ra
36、ised concern around the world. The Amazon rainforest is important for preventing climate change, as the BBC said, absorbing millions of tons of carbon dioxide annually. When trees are cut down or burned, the rainforests capacity(能力)to absorb carbon dioxide is reduced.Brazilian climate expert Carlos
37、Nobre tells Reuters hes worried. If more than 20 percent of the ecosystem is destroyed, the Amazon rainforest could reach a “tipping point (临界点)” where the thick jungle will turn into a tropical savannah (大草原).Nobre warns that it is not far off, with between 15 and 17 percent of the rainforest havin
38、g already been destroyed.The Brazilian government has sent soldiers to fight the fires. Many people have offered their support and called for recovery efforts. For example, Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, said he wanted to donate money and US Actor Leonardo DiCaprios environmental charity, Earth Alliance, c
39、reated a donation fund to help deal with the crisis.The public are also encouraged to donate to charities concerned with rainforest preservation(保护). “Every little bit helps in a tragic situation like this,” commented Gizmodo.12.The underlined word “intense” in Para.2 probably means .A.natural B.fie
40、rce C.commonD.unexpected13.What is the main cause of forest fires in the Amazon rainforest this year?A.Lightning strikes. B.Hot weather.C.Agricultural activities. D.Garbage left by tourists.14.What is Nobre worried about in the article?A.Global temperatures will rise.B.The Amazon rainforest is close
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2019届人教A版数学必修二同步课后篇巩固探究:2-1-1 平面 WORD版含解析.docx
