专题13-读后续写写作方法与步骤-备战2023年高考英语【应用文 读后续写】讲练测（高考新题型）.docx

1、专题13读后续写写作方法与步骤序号内容Part I 高考英语读后续写题型分析Part II简单实用易得分的五四三法则Part III读后续写备考：“三步法”、四策略 、五注意Part I 读后续写是高考英语中新增加的一种写作题型，从2016年开始应用于高考综合改革试点省份的高考中、并且将随着高考综合改革试点的推广在全国范围内使用。在将来，越来越多的学生将会在高考英语中遇到读后续写这种题型。在开始学习如何进行读后续写之前，让我们先来了解一下读后续写这类写作题型的具体要求。要求考生在理解一篇不完整文章的基础上，充分调动想象创新思维，大胆预测文章缺失部分的内容走势，进行充满个性色彩的设计，并用英语进

2、行续写表达。所提供短文词数在350左右，划线词语涉及到名词(词组)、动词(词组)、介词(词组)和形容词等，其中，以名词(词组)为主，在续写中至少要使用5个关键词语，需要注意：在使用关键词语时根据时态和语态的需要，可以改变动词的形式，可以改变名词的单复数，但不要改变关键词语在原文中的含义和词性；多以记叙文故事类文章或者夹叙夹议类文章为主，故事情节有曲折、有起伏，但故事线索的逻辑性比较强。1.创造性：即发挥想象力，该题型具有一定的开放性，考生需用自己的语言对故事情节进行内容创造；2.逻辑性：即根据已提供的关键信息，按照可能的合理的方向续写，使文章逻辑结构完整；3.丰富性：即语言能力的充分体现，词汇

3、句法的准确与复杂程度，细节描写的生动性等都将让故事更加立体饱满。1.读后续写题型解读到目前为止，已经有许多省份在高考英语中开始了对读后续写的考查。下面我们以2017年6月浙江省高考真题为例，一起来分析一下读后续写的考查重点。阅读下面的短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。On a bright, warm July afternoon,MacHollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with hisfriends. One of his friends had stopped to

4、make abicyclerepair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Macpedaled(骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters athome. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday.Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. “Ma

5、n, thats a big dog!” he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it wasnt a dog at all, but awolf, quickly catching up with him.Macs heartjumped. He found out his can of bear spray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the anim

6、al, and to Macs relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Macs bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back only toquickly restart the chase (追赶).Mac was pedaling hard now. He wav

7、ed and yelled at passingcarsbut was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphillclimbbefore him. He knew that once he hit the hill, hed be easy caught up and the wolfs teeth would be tearing into his flesh.At this moment,Pauland Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didnt thin

8、k much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of

9、it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:The car abruptly stopped in front of him.Paragraph2:After minutes later,the other two cyclists arrived.从2017年浙江省高考真题中我们可以发现，读后续写

10、的考试形式与教育部考试中心颁布的普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明（高考综合改革试验省份试用）中的描述相同，提供了一段350词以内的语言材料（体裁多以记叙文为主），故事没有结束但是留有线索，让考生得以缘写文章。题目要求考生根据已经给出的故事信息，结合已经写好的两个开头语，应用材料中5个以上标有下划线的关键词语，完成一篇约150词的作文（150词不包括已给出的两段的开头语）。读后续写不是让考生毫无依据地编故事，而是要求考生在读懂原文的基础上，找到原文给出的线索，然后用丰富、准确的语言完成一篇与原文紧密结合的读后续写作文。总体来说，2.读后续写写作特点在进行读后续写时有以下几点需要考生注意

11、重在描述读后续写的重点在于情节描述。描述过程中应加入更多的具体动作和情感描写，用具体动作代模地名表达。同学们往往比较擅长写结论性语言，例如She felt really nervous and样的句子虽然在语法上没有错误，但是且按用形容词来表达会导致续写只呈现抽象的结论，而没有画面械、不会给读者留下深刻的印象。所以，同们在进行读后续写时，一定要注重描述，讲究生动和画面感。本书第二章中为大家提供了一些用来描述情绪和动作的高频词（短语），希望大家能学以致用。关注语言在高考英语写作中，考生所采用的句型结构在一定程度上会影响阅卷老师对考生写作水平的判断。考生尤其应该避免句型单一化、如通篇使用定语从句，

12、因为这样会让阅卷老师觉得考生对各种句型掌握得不够充分。考生在进行读后续写时应该有意识地多使用不同的句型结构和语法点，比如非谓语、形容词作状语、虚拟语气等。本书第三章中对这些相关语法点进行了讲解。注意衔接由于阅卷老师的阅卷时间十分有限，所以考生一定要在作文中使用清晰的逻辑衔接词，这样可以帮助老师快速抓住文章结构，促使老师更好地理解文章主旨，同时也可以显示出考生写作时严谨的逻辑。在读后续写当中，时间线索串联最为重要，例如upon ones arrival、then、however、besides、while等衔接词，能够为文章提供明确的时间线索，很好地承接上下文，同学们在日常学习中应该多多积累。正

13、向结局从情节上来看，历年真题多以户外经历为主。考生需要注意设计的结局应是正向的化险为夷。例如，浙江省2016年11月的高考读后续写真题中讲述了简和丈夫野营时因吵架而走散迷路的故事，这个故事的结局应设计为简最终获救了;2017年6月的高考读后续写真题中讲述了马克和朋友骑车去阿拉斯加，朋友由于车坏而停下修车，马克单独前行却在途中遇到狼的故事，这个故事的结局应是马克最终成功脱险;2017年11月的高考读后续写真题中讲述了作者一家四口去祖父母家乡自驾旅游，作者的母亲很健忘，但结局应是由于母亲的健忘，途中发生了有趣的事情;2018年6月的高考读后续写真题中讲述了作者和父亲去西部荒原度假时骑马游玩、却在途

14、中迷路的故事，结局应是作者和父亲平安找到了路。同学们在写作时一定要抓住文中线索，把握好故事发展方向。对于读后续写这样的写作题型，同学们平时一定要多积累好词好句，进行大量的句子翻译练习，并且找到合适的写作步骤，这样才能在考场上有限的时间内完成一篇高分作文。Part II简单实用易得分的五四三法则五四三法则5R解读故事1. Read for characters2. Read for conflict/problems3. Read for plot4. Read for emotional changes5. Read for theme4句确定框架Step 1：先写最后一句（主题句）Step

15、2：再写衔接句（第一段的最后一句）Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容3大续写原则1. Action Response原则：一个角色的所言、所行、所感和所想会引起其他角色的一系列反应。每段对话1-2句，不一定两个人都要说话，无声的动作也是一种response。2. Conflict Solution原则：一般而言第二段会有问题的solution。（同时思考：能否在第一段出现一个问题，然后把它解决了或者没有解决。一方面是增加看点，另一方面也是给第二段作铺垫。）3. Negative Positive原则：写作中一定要有情感的变化，无论前面是怎样的情感，最

16、终都应该是积极的。第二步：4句确定框架读后续写不同于其他作文，有时候可能需要先倒着写。Step 1：先写最后一句（主题句） Step 2：再写衔接句（第一段的最后一句）Step 3: 根据所给段首语句写角色的情感根据第一段提示写：根据第二段提示写：Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容第三步：3大续写原则1. ActionResponse原则2. ConflictSolution原则3. NegativePositive原则读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两端，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mike licked the last of the mint chocolate chip ice

17、 cream. It was almost time to leave. He jumped into the car with his parents and headed off to the Olympic-sized pool for the big swim meet.When his race came up, Mike was confident. He was strong and swift. Mike climbed out the pool, smiling. He had just won first place, making him the fastest boy

18、in his age group.Congratulations, son, his father said. His mom gave him a hug, even though he was soaking wet.A week later, it was time for another swim meet. Like before, Mike decided to enjoy his favorite ice cream flavor. Mike remembered that the last time he had won a race, he also ate mint cho

19、colate chip ice cream first. Maybe hed win again.Hes taken first place again in his race. Mike was feeling pretty good. As it turned out, Mike decided to have some mint chocolate chip Ice cream before every one of the next few swim meets. He began to think of it as his lucky charm. After several mon

20、ths of placing in the top positions of every race he swam, Mike was feeling unbeatable. And he wouldnt admit it, but all that ice cream was adding a few pounds to his athletic swimmers build.It didnt take long after that for Mike to start coming in second place-and then third-and then last place in

21、his races. The lucky mint chocolate chip ice cream had lost its magic.On the day of his next swim meet, his mother sat down at the table with him. “Mike, we all love ice cream, but its not healthy for your body to eat so much of it. Maybe its time to quit the sweet treats for a while, especially bef

22、ore you go swimming.Mike unwillingly agreed. He went to the swim meet, and didnt perform well. His father offered to go running with him a few days a week to help him feel better and strengthen his muscles. The extra weight soon disappeared, and Mike found himself breathing easier at swim practices.

23、It was the last meet of the season, and Mike wasnt sure what to expect. He felt healthy again, but he didnt know if he still had any speed in the pool.注意:1. 所续写短文的字数应为150左右；2. 至少使用五个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语Paragraph 1 :As he drove into the water, he kicked his

24、legs and stretched his arms as far as he could. Paragraph 2 :His jaw dropped as he realized he had beaten his own best time ,and everyone else too. 如何快速写：第一步：Analyze the story：5Rs1. Read for characters:Mike, his parents, Ice cream, teammates2. Read for conflict / problems：Ice cream and Mikes perform

25、ance: Whether is it a Lucky charm3. Read for plot:4. Read for emotional changes:When his race came up, Mike was confidentMike was feeling pretty good.After several months of placing in the top positions of every race he swam, Mike was feeling unbeatable.Mike unwillingly agreed.5. Read for themeWhat

26、contributes to Mikes success in swimming?第二步：四句步定框架：写读后续写不同于写其它作文，有可能需要先倒着写的Step 1: 先把最后一句写好，即：主题句Mike realized that ones lucky charm was nothing but his diligence.Step 2: 再把衔接句写好，即第一段的最后一句：He dashed to the finish line.Step 3: 紧接着每段的提示语句写角色的情感：As he dove into the water, he kicked his legs and stretc

27、hed his arms as far as he could.It struck endless energy and motivation into his body.Mikes jaw dropped as he realized he had beaten his own best time, and everyone elses too.The flowers in his heart were already in bloom.接下来就是把每段的中间补充完整，记住三大原则：1.ActionResponse原则：角色A的所言、所行、所感、所想会引起其它角色的一系列反应的。每段对话1-

28、2句，不一定两个人都要说话，无声的动作也是一种response。2.ConflictSolution原则：一般而言第二段会有问题的solution，但本文和高考的读后续写文章出题不一样，因为solution在所给文章中就已经有了。同时思考：能否在第一段出现一个问题，然后把它解决了或者没有解决。一方面是增加看点，另一方面也是给第二段铺垫。3.NegativePositive原则：写作中一定要体现情感的变化，无论前面是这样的变化，最终都是积极的。最终：As he dove into the water, he kicked his legs and stretched his arms as fa

29、r as he could.1. It struck endless energy and motivation into his body. （心情）2.“This is where I belong. I can win the race,” thought he, his teeth clenched and his eyes fixed on the finish line forward. （内心独白）3.Suddenly, two figures whizzed past, which startled him. （心情变化）4. Fearing to fall behind, h

30、e felt his heart pounded frantically and his mind went blank. （解释心情变化和问题）5. Just then, he thought of his sweat and his fathers encouraging smile. （问题的解决方法）6. Gradually, his worry gave way to his confidence and the last 5 minutes saw him dash to the finish line, followed by the end of the race. （衔接句）

31、Mikes jaw dropped as he realized he had beaten his own best time, and everyone elses too.7. The flowers in his heart were already in bloom. （心情变化）8. However, he knew he deserved the honor of championship. （拓展）9. His parents came up and gave him a high five, grinning from ear to ear. （次要角色的回应）10. “He

32、y, why not try your favorite ice cream and celebrate!” said his father, patting his on the shoulder. （对话1）11. “Thanks, Dad, but I have given up the ice cream. Its not such a lucky charm at all.” His eyes shone with wisdom.（对话2）12. It was that day that Mike realized that ones lucky charm was nothing

33、but his diligence.（照应开头的主旨句）Part III 读后续写备考：“三步法”、四策略 、五注意1. “三步法”搞定读后续写“三步法”是指审题、构思和润色。这里以2020年高考浙江卷的读后续写为例，谈谈“三步法”的运用。阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。（注：根据全国卷读后续写的特点，删除了原题中的划线词及续写要求）One fall，my wife Elli and I had a single goal： to photograph polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside“

34、the polar bear capital of the world”the town of Churchill in Manitoba，Canada.Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bearslike all wild animalsshould be photographed from a safe distance. When Im face to face with a polar bear，I like it to be through a camera with a telep

35、hoto lens. But sometimes，that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.As Elli and I cooked dinner，a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pu

36、lled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.Terrified，Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off. Not this pola

37、r bear thoughhe just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws（爪子）.I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter（相遇），I took some pictures of the bear.Elli and I feared t

38、he fence wouldnt last through 30 more minutes of the bears punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears eyes，but doesnt hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and，through the fence，sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar（吼叫），the bear ran to

39、the lake to wash his eyes.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1：A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp. _Paragraph2：At that very moment，the helicopter arrived._一、审题审题是最重要的步骤，务必认真对待。读后续写的审题不止是审题目要求了，而是审读所给语言材料和所给段落首句等，在审读这些内容时，要重点弄清以下五点。1. 审人称。审原材料的人物和续写部分的人物需要用哪种人称出现

40、在续写文章里，要特别注意原材料里“拟人化”的人物其人称代词的选用。2. 审时态。审原材料的主体时态，多种时态的混合使用;审续写部分的时态选择。3. 审情节。一方面，审原材料的故事情节。续写部分要求“根据所给情节进行续写”，表明续写内容是原材料故事情节的延续，因此原材料的故事情节是续写部分的“指南针”，指引续写部分的方向。另一方面，审续写部分每段的开头语，领悟续写部分每段的开头语的提示作用，从而探索续写部分组织材料的导向。4. 审结构。审原材料篇章结构和写作特点，找出原材料主旨句或主旨段及细节材料，明白细节材料是如何围绕中心思想而展開的，明白这个“中心思想”不只是原材料的中心思想更是续写部分的中

41、心思想，是续写部分的灵魂，是组织材料的框架，千千万万不同的材料可以倒进这个框架，但目的只有一个：服务中心思想。绝对不能离开中心思想的“势力范围”。5. 审衔接。审原材料的尾段特别是尾段的尾句与续写首段的开头语的衔接关系，从这个“关系”中可以窥探续写首段的情节构思方向：是接着尾句继续写下去或是与尾段并列还是接着尾段的反方向续写，等等。审续写首段的尾句与续写第二段开头语的衔接关系，要承上启下，让两个段落衔接自然，发挥“红娘”的作用，因此该特殊位置的句意务必认真对待。审续写第二段的结束句，句意要充满正能量，升华文章主题，发挥“画龙点睛”的作用，不仅“使之构成一个完整的故事”，而且具有积极的教育意义。

42、2020年高考浙江卷的读后续写可以这样审题。人称：Elli是第三人称，the bear是“拟人化”的人物，对应代词是he，him，his。续写段落以第一人称为主。时态：原材料和续写部分的主体时态都是一般过去时态。情节：“我”和妻子Elli共有一个目标：拍到北极熊的照片。有一天，夫妻俩在科研营地做饭时一只北极熊闻到面包味来到营地，北极熊要穿过营地围栏。夫妻俩使用很多方法抵御北极熊，情况危急，同时拍到北极熊的一些照片，幸好最后脱险。拍到北极熊的照片是不容易的。结构：原材料篇章结构清楚易懂，第二段是主旨段，“But sometimes，that is easier said than done. T

43、his was one of those times.”是主旨句，是中心思想（拍到北极熊的照片说的比做的容易，这便是其中一次经历）。其他段落是细节描写服务中心思想。衔接：原材料的尾句“With an angry roar（吼叫），the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.”与续写首段开头语“A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp ”衔接自然，可以接着尾句情节续写;续写首段的尾句必须与续写第二段开头语“At that very moment，the helicopter arrived.”

44、有合理逻辑联系，该句意思要认真构思;续写第二段的结束句句意要有满满正能量，要谨慎构思。二、构思构思是指组织材料。经过认真的审题之后就可以为续写搜集材料，可以使用各种各样的材料构思情节，但材料要符合“与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理”的要求，并且要围绕全文中心思想而展开。如2020年高考浙江卷的读后续写可以这样构思。构思续写第一段：由材料尾句“With an angry roar（吼叫），the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.”和所给首段首句”A few minutes later，the bear headed back to ou

45、r camp.”构思：We saw this. We thought another danger was on the way.由原文第五段“夫妻俩使用很多方法抵御北极熊，同时拍到北极熊的一些照片，情况危急”构思：We wanted to turned the bear around. Elli threw our bread as far as possible. The bear smelled the bread and ran back for it. I took this good opportunity to photograph the bear. The flashing

46、camera attracted his attention. The bear dashed back again and roared angrily. The bear gathered all his power to pull down the fence. The bear got in. I attempted to use pepper spray to force him off but failed.由第二段所给首句“At that very moment，the helicopter arrived.”构思尾句：He was a great danger to us.构思

47、续写第二段：由“At that very moment，the helicopter arrived”推测：直升机来到后，夫妻俩如何与北极熊周旋。可以这样构思：The helicopter produced noises. The helicopter was a giant. It was more powerful than him. We hid ourselves behind the helicopter. The bear was terrified not to come forward. We were safe. The bear would not like to leav

48、e. The bear wanted to attack us. The bear made some aggressive actions. Sometimes he glared at us. Sometimes he roared to us. Sometimes he watched the helicopter in a funny way.由原文情节“夫妻俩共有一个目标：拍到北极熊的照片”，构思：We took the pictures of all his “posts”.由全文主旨“幸好最后脱险”，构思：Then we left in the helicopter.由“续写第二

49、段的结束句要有积极的教育意义”，构思：Polar bears needed protecting.综上所述，两个自然段的“构思”如下：A few minutes later，the bear headed back to our camp. We saw this. We thought another danger was on the way. We wanted to turned the bear around. Elli threw our bread as far as possible. The bear smelled the bread and ran back for it

50、. I took this good opportunity to photograph the bear. The flashing camera attracted his attention. The bear dashed back again and roared angrily. The bear gathered all his power to pull down the fence. The bear got in. I attempted to use pepper spray to force him off but failed. He was a great dang

51、er to us.At that very moment，the helicopter arrived. The helicopter produced noises. The helicopter terrified the bear not to come forward. We were safe. We hid ourselves behind the helicopter. The bear would not like to leave. The bear wanted to attack us. The bear made some aggressive actions. Som

52、etimes he glared at us. Sometimes he roared to us. Sometimes he watched the helicopter in a funny way. We took the pictures of all his“ posts”. Then we left in the helicopter. Polar bears needed protecting.三、润色根据评分标准“所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确”“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑”去润色，把“构思”的句子进行修改，使得行文流畅，逻辑合理，语意连贯，语法正确，英

53、语味浓。为使语言形象生动，避免所有句子都以主语开头，可以把表语或状语前置使用倒装结构;避免句式单一，要灵活应用分词短语、with的复活结构、强调句、并列句、主从复合句、省略句;避免使用表意笼统化的词汇，应该使用表意具体的高级词汇;还要注意长短句相间;为增强文章的可读性，根据上下文的逻辑关系，可恰当添加过渡性的词语或连接词，如not only . but also，either . or .，however，as a result，whats more，in addition 等。上面的构思可以这样润色：A few minutes later，the bear headed back to ou

54、r camp. Seeing this，we thought another danger was on the way. To turned the bear around，Elli threw our bread as far as possible and smelling the bread，the bear ran back for it. So I took this good opportunity to photograph him. With the camera flashing，the bear dashed back again，roaring angrily. Bes

55、ides，the bear gathered all his power to pull down the fence and got in. I attempted to use pepper spray to force him off but failed. Obviously，he was a great danger.At that very moment，the helicopter arrived. The helicopter producing noises scared the bear a distance away. We were safe. However，the

56、bear would not like to leave but to attack us. Therefore，he made some aggressive actions. Sometimes he glared at us. Sometimes he roared to us. Sometimes he watched the helicopter in a funny way. We hurried to take the pictures of all his “posts”. Then we left in the helicopter，realizing polar bears

57、 needed protecting.上面续写的两个段落与每段的开头语能很好衔接，段落之间也能够衔接;细节描写生动，逻辑性强，续写情节能够根据原材料情节进行续写，构成一个完整的故事。语法运用正确，英语味浓，多次使用现在分词作状语，with的复合结构，不定式作目的状语前置，长短句相间;文章的可读性强，多次使用过渡性的词语或连接词。2. 四步搞定读后续写读后续写对师生来说，都是一种新题型，也是一种新的挑战，如何写好这类作文，笔者认为，对初学者来说，按四个步骤来写，容易掌握。请看下面的例题：阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Jenny

58、 was the only child in her home. She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily. She couldnt help weeping when she thought of the scolding from her mother. Having wandered in the street for hours， she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. She st

59、ood beside a stand for a while， watching the middle-aged seller busy doing his business. However， with no money in hand， she sighed and had to leave.The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked， “Hey， girl， you want to have the noodles？”“Oh， yes . but I dont have money on me，”she rep

60、lied.“Thats nothing. Ill treat you today，”said the man.“Come in.”The seller brought her a bowl of noodles， whose smell was so attractive. As she was eating， Jenny cried silently.“What is it？”asked the man kindly.“Nothing， actually I was just touched by your kindness！”said Jenny.“Even a stranger on t

61、he street will give me a bowl of noodles， while my mother drove me out of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so merciless compared to a stranger！”Hearing the words， the seller smiled，“Girl， do you really think so？ I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your m

62、other who has raised you since you were a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you？ Have you expressed your gratitude to her？”Jenny sat there， speechless and numb with shock; she remembered Mothers familiar face and weathered hands.“Why did I not think of that？ A bowl of noodles from a stra

63、nger made me feel grateful， but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me.”On the way home， Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.Paragraph 1：Nearing the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath.Paragraph 2：A gentle touch on her

64、hair called her mind back.第一步，读懂大意， 理清脉络根据记叙文的六要素弄清文章大意，特别要弄清故事的人物及人物之间的关系、时态（通常是一般过去时）、事件（故事的起因和经过），以及语言特色（以便在续写时语言特色前后一致，保持不变），等等。 本文的人物和事件如下：据此可知，所给材料主要情节或故事发展的脉络如下：珍妮跟母亲吵架，离家出走，街上游荡几个钟后，感觉饥饿。好心人给她一碗面吃，她感动流泪。这位陌生人告诉她，母亲将她养大，给她做了无数次饭菜，应当感谢她的母亲。珍妮意识到自己错了，决定回家向妈妈道歉。珍妮跟母亲吵架，离家出走，街上游荡几个钟后，感觉饥饿。好心人给她一碗

65、面吃，她感动流泪;这位陌生人告诉她，母亲将她养大，给她做了无数次饭菜，应当感谢她的母亲。珍妮意识到自己错了，决定回家向妈妈道歉。另外，本文的语言特色：（1）有较多的人物對话。（2）用了较为高级的语法结构。如：形容词作补语：Jenny sat there， speechless and numb with shock.分词短语作状语：She stood beside a stand for a while， watching .Hearing the words， the seller smiled .第二步，细读首句，构思框架仔细阅读所给两段的首句，结合正能量结尾，思考大致框架。本题所给两段首

66、句为：Nearing the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath.（走到门口，珍妮深吸了一口气）A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.（轻轻一碰她的头发，她的思绪又回来了）由续写的第一段首句与第二段首句确定第一段的框架。由第一段首句可知，珍妮应是鼓起勇气敲门回家，但从第二段首句来看，“轻轻碰她的头发”的应是母亲，因为人物就三个，续写中一般不要随意冒出一个新的人物，除非情节发展的需要;“思维回来”说明第一段中，珍妮回家没见到母亲，在回忆跟母亲吵架的事，或在回忆母亲多年的关爱。第二段才出现母亲，第一段应是母亲

67、不在家，那么母亲去哪里了呢？根据常识，女儿出走，应是找她女儿去了。第二段的框架，由第二段首句与正能量结尾来确定。故事内容一定要正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观。如迷路了但最终一定回到了家;失败了或遇到困难了，但最终一定成功了;吵架了但最后一定是言归于好，和睦相处;犯错了，最后一定会改过自新，重新做人;贼逃了，最后一定是绳之以法，等等。因此，根据正能量原则，本文的结尾，应是母女和好。第二段的框架是，母亲回来，女儿道歉，母亲原谅，母女和好。第三步，增加细节，开始写作在已定框架范围内，依据情节发展和生活常识，推断故事中人物所见、所闻、所思、所说、所做等给每段增加5至8个具体细节。如本题的第一段可以构思

68、以下细节：第一段鼓足勇气，推门进屋母亲外出，不知何处累而难过，沙发上坐争吵场面，浮现脑海自己粗鲁，愧对其母母亲责骂，皆因关爱自感羞愧，泪流脸颊第二段抬头一望，看见母亲到处找你，你在这里母亲虽累，松了口气扑入怀里，道歉致谢母亲听后，喜在心头根据一致性原则，除内容上要语义衔接，上下连贯外，语言风格也要一致，应使用分词语短和形容词作状语等。在确定框架、增加细节之后，就可以开始写作了。第四步，修改润色，整洁誊写初稿完成后要认真检查，注意语义是否衔接，前后是否连贯，事件是否符合逻辑，语言特色是否与前文一致。在修改润色之后，整齐工整地誊写在答卷上。参考范文Paragraph 1：Nearing the d

69、oorway， Jenny took a deep breath. When she pushed the door open and entered the house， she found her mother was not in. Tired and sad， she sank down onto the sofa.“Where could my mother be？”she wondered.“Was she still angry with me？”Again， the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembere

70、d her rudeness to her mother. Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her， she felt rather ashamed， and tears began to roll down her cheeks.Paragraph 2：A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw th

71、e familiar face of her mother.“Here you come！Ive been looking for you，”she said， tired and relieved. Jenny couldnt help throwing herself into her mothers arms. “Mum， Im so sorry and thank you for all you have done for me.”She expressed her sincere apology and great gratitude. Hearing this， her mothe

72、r smiled， patting her back gently.3. 读后续写，五步成文在指导学生进行读后续写时，通常要求学生按照“读全文找伏笔巧构思定锚点精打磨”五个步骤进行思路的梳理和写作。以下通过一份例题分析，介绍这五个步骤的具体操作。题目呈现阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。My presentation was horrible. I lost the client（客户）. My boss wouldnt look me in the eye and the rest of my day was spent in relative sil

73、enceI was left alone， in reality. Finally， I left my air-conditioned office and of course， outside it was hot as hell（地狱）. I was hot literally and figuratively as three buses passed， too full to stop and then the one that did stop should have kept going because the air conditioning wasnt working.I b

74、oarded the bus but was unable to stand it， so I squeezed my way off at the next stop. I would just walk the mile and a half to home. I annoyed further， as I continued my journey. I refused to take off my jacket， purposely， maximizing my frustration（沮丧）“when it rains， let it pour” was my philosophy（态

75、度）.A block from my building， I heard the water splashing（溅） and kids screaming（尖声叫）so I knew the fire hydrant（消防栓）had been turned on. Without even thinking about taking an alternate route， I turned the corner， sure enough， there was a group of children playing water. They were politely on the lookou

76、t to stop the water from spraying on any passer-by， so when they saw me they stopped the water and when they saw my mean look， they even got quiet. The younger ones in bathing suit， the girls wearing shower caps and the boys with water guns all stared at me as I started to pass by.Then I noticed a l

77、ittle one， no older than five， holding a water gun down by his side， eyeing me a little harder than the others. I eyed him back. Then his brother， who I had seen around the neighborhood， nodded at him like he was saying，“I dare you.” My eyes tightened a little further as I communicated my own “I dar

78、e you” to the five-year-old. Then his eyes moved， planning his escape route through the alley， and in that split second I knew I was going to get soaked.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2. 续写部分分为两段， 每段的开头语已为你写好。And he got me， behind my ear， before he ran towards his exit._I couldnt remember my last fight._步骤详解

79、步骤一，读全文，构思续写框架我们在读完全篇和给出的段首句之后，可以对文章进行总结和合理预测：作者从文章开始因丢掉客户受到老板的冷眼心情沮丧，到回家途中酷热天气下挤车的不顺，路上偶遇小孩水战。文章最后一句表示一场大战一触即发。根据“正向结局”的思路，我们可以预测后文应该是作者通过和孩子们的水战“冲突”带来的舒爽，情绪从down到up，由郁闷沮丧到轻松愉快。再根据所给的两句段首句可知，第一段应该是水战的具体描写，第二段应该是水战结束后作者的反思：他認识到生活中尽管会有不如意，但是快乐也是无处不在的，于是调整好自己的心情，决定重新出发，信心满满面对生活，迎接新的挑战。构思的时候一定要读懂给出的两个段

80、首句。And he got me， behind my ear， before he ran toward his exit. 由he got me可知，小孩已经射中我了。如果我们接下来再写小孩如何瞄准我和扣扳机，那就重复了。before he ran toward his exit说明小孩跑了。I couldnt remember my last water fight. 既然都不记得了，如果还写自己小时候打水仗的回忆就是自相矛盾。第二段应主要描写作者打水仗后的感受和感悟。步骤二，找伏笔，以增加契合度我们应该在所给材料中划出一些伏笔，以便在续写中重现，让续写和原文看起来契合度更高。如，my

81、jacket， my “when it rain let it pour” philosophy， fire hydrant， water gun， alley， five-year-old， his brother等。另外，我们还可以通过观察语篇的优质表达感受其语言风格，选词方面尽量与其接近。如：squeeze my way off， water splash， bathing suit/shower cap， get soaked等。步骤三，巧构思，想好续写内容我们在构思时先想好每段大概可以写几个点，分几句话写。因行数所限，每段5个点就差不多了，每个点12句话，当然还要看你写的是长句还是短

82、句。如：第一段：And he got me， behind my ear， before he ran toward his exit. 我的情绪（惊讶/不耐烦/愤怒？）奋起反击（追，拿到水枪）其他小孩join情绪变好给水仗写个结尾句（浑身湿透但开心）第二段：I couldnt remember my last water fight.但这次不一样，印象深刻生活中的浮躁vs冷静心态要调整，发现生活的小美好thanks to the kids总结/升华经过这轮的构思，相信就能紧扣主线，不会有某个点一发不可收拾而与主题相关性大的细节反倒描写不够的问题。而且基本不会超行，保证卷面相对美观。步骤四，定

83、锚点，写好关键位置句关键位置句是指以下四个句子：第一段所给首句后的句子，该段最后一个句子;第二段所给首句后的句子，全文最后一个句子。这些句子在文中占重要位置，对全文起到起承转合的作用。这些句子限制了故事的发展思路和结局，写好了能够体现我们的审题以及把握原文细节的能力，体现我们对语篇结构的把控能力，给阅卷老师留下良好印象。写作前，可在草稿纸上写下故事重要情节的单词或词组，简单起草文章发展脉络。如想降低难度，也可以使用一两句中文简单概括续写段落的大意，然后朝该思路用英语续写故事。全文最后一个句子可以适当对全文进行总结或提升，让阅卷老师觉得文章完整且有深度，读完回味无穷。如2021八省联考题目，陌生

84、人帮助修车后，还偷偷返还作者给的报酬。这个故事是“助人”主题，结尾便可融入陌生家庭不计回报的帮助给作者所带来的冲击或者感慨，并将其向人生思考、传递善良等角度升华。优秀结尾如下：Even small acts of kindness can make a big difference. 即使是小小的善举也能带来很大的不同。The memory of this unexpected encounter will never fade from my mind. 关于这次意外相遇的记忆永远不会从我的脑海中消失。Even today， I still regard this experience as

85、 treasured memory. 直到今天，我仍然把这段经历当作珍贵的回忆。It was at that moment that I realized such acts of kindness are opportunities to know how good it feels to be kind and helpful. 就在那一刻，我意识到这样的善举是一个机会，让我知道善良和乐于助人的感觉有多好。The family made me really moved， and I finally understood it is kindness and help that make t

86、he world go around. 这个家庭让我很感动，我终于明白，是善良和帮助让世界运转。Since then Ive decided to help others more， as kindness is one thing that really deserves to be passed on from one to another. 从那时起，我决定多帮助别人，因为善良是一件真正应该传递的东西。步骤五，精打磨，确保作品质量续写中，在保证语言通畅的前提下，应尽量多使用各类从句、非谓语动词、倒装句、强调句等。另外，恰当运用心理描写、环境描写，以及描述性的动作词汇，来描写细节、烘托气氛

87、，使文章充满真情实感和可读性。注意不要过多使用对话描写，对话最多不要超过两个话轮。最后，我们还要检查全文的故事情节是否完整，所续写内容是否符合逻辑，与原文和所给段首提示语是否连贯，语法结构、句型结构是否使用准确，所续写内容的词数是否达标，标点符号的使用、单词拼写与字母大小写等等。按照这五个步骤，我们基本就能续写出情节连贯且与原文风格类似的作品。请看作文范例以及学生优秀作文。作文范例And he got me， behind my ear before he ran towards the exit. Hardly could I believe that I should be bullied

88、 by a 5-year-old boy！Thinking of all that had happened that day my loss of an important client， my cold reception from my boss， my failure to board an air-conditioned bus， I could no longer contain my anger. Swiftly I grabbed a water gun from one little devil and shot at him. Then all the other chil

89、dren joined in. A fierce water battle started. It was quite thrilling and was like rain pouring down. By and by the water battle became a refreshing game on such a hot day to us. I got soaked but laughed as Id never laughed before.I couldnt remember my last water fight. But the one that happened tod

90、ay would decidedly remain deeply rooted in my memory. After the fight， all the frustration and depression that had been building up inside me came to a complete stop. I became aware that although life may not go as we expect， there is never a shortage of fun and excitement in this world. And I would

91、 be confident and brave， ready to face any challenge. I would embrace life with all my might.学生习作And he got me， behind my ear before he ran towards the exit. My mind filled with anger， I could hardly contain myself and rushed to get back at him. However， seeing the innocent eyes and teen spirit behi

92、nd them， I recalled my philosophy and thus an alternative was revealed.“When it rains， let it pour”， whispering the words to myself， I turned to the fire hydrant and swiftly turned it back on. Hearing the water splashing out， the frightened kids knew what to do and all the water guns were pointed to

93、 the new player， me. As I screamed and got wet together with the kids， I could not only feel the heat disappearing， but also my frustration. My horrible presentation， my losing the client doesnt matter anymore as I spent a wonderful time with the kids.I couldnt remember my last water fight. Living i

94、n the modern society， we are often encountered with unprecedented level of stress in the workplaces. Overwhelmed by frustrations and setbacks， we tend to ignore the predicaments that most of us are deprived of the chance to cool ourselves down. When my jacket was getting heavier because of the water

95、， I could feel a part of me， filled with tension and stress， was cleansed. Rather than blaming the kids for making my ear wet， I wanted to thank them for teaching me such a lesson - we are all engines working tirelessly on the planet but sometimes we need to cool down， both the surface and the core， to run greater miles.