人教版必修一英语Unit 2 English around thewarming up .docx

1、学科教师辅导讲义 组长签字： 学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：学员姓名： 辅导科目： 学科教师：授课日期及时段教学目标Warming Up & Reading重点难点教学内容一、课文 THEROADTOMODERNENGLISHAttheendofthe16thcentury,aboutfivetosevenmillionpeoplespokeEnglish.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecaus

2、eofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondorforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydontspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Lookatthisexample:BritishBetty:Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?AmericanAmy:Yes,Idliketocomeupto

3、yourapartment.SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.Thengraduallybetweenabou

4、tAD800and1150,EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokenfirstDanishandlaterFrench.ThesenewsettlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary.Sobythe1600sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcentu

5、rysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.Finallybythe19thcenturythelanguagewassettled.AtthattimetwobigchangesinEnglishspellinghappened:firstSamuelJohnsonwrotehisdictionaryandlaterNoahWebsterwroteTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.Thelattergaveaseparatei

6、dentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.EnglishnowisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.Forexample,IndiahasaverylargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakersbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.DuringthattimeEnglishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.EnglishisalsospokeninSingaporeandMalaysiaandco

7、untriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.Infact,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.WillChineseEnglishdevelopitsownidentity?Onlytimewilltell.二、聚焦1. advance的用法构词：advanced adj. 高等的先进的，高深的搭配： in advance 在前头，预先，事先 in advance of 在前面；比进步；超过

8、 on the advance (物价)在上涨【考例】It is said that Miss White had some difficulty in studying the _ maths. A. improved B. developed C. advanced D. increased考查目标 本题考查形容词advanced与近义词的区别。答案与解析C “高等数学”的英译是advanced maths，advanced意思是“先进的。高级的”。2. before 的特殊用法 (1) He had run out of the room before I could stop him.

9、我还没来得及拦住他，他就跑出了屋子。 (2) Three weeks went by before We knew it. 三周过去了，我们才意识到。(或：时间不知不觉已过三周了。) (3) It wasnt / didnt take long before he returned.他没过多久就回来了。 It wont be long before we graduate. 不要过多久我们就要毕业了。3. chance的用法搭配： by any chance 万一，碰巧，或许 by chance 偶然，意外地 take a / ones chance 冒一冒险，碰碰运气，利用一下机会【考例6】

10、 (2019南京模拟)Most of the _are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and agriculture. A. work B. luck C. chances D. services考查目标 chance的词义。答案与解析 C chance在本句的词义是“机会”。4. consider v. (1) 考虑 A) consider + n. / doing I consider going abroad. B) consider + 疑问词 + to do You have to consider what to d

11、o next. (2) 认为 A) consider + n. (+as / to be) + n. / adj. I consider Mary as / to be my best friend. They considered Paris the brain and heart of the country. B) consider + n. + to have done I consider him to have acted disgracefully. 除了consideras表认为外，还有regardas ，look onas，takeas，think ofas5. cost的用

12、法 构词：costly adj. 昂贵的，贵重的 搭配： cost sb. sth. 花费某人(多少钱)；让某人付出(代价)牺牲 at all costs 不惜任何代价无论如何 at any cost 不惜任何代价，无论如何 at cost (price) 按成本价格，按原价 at the cost of 以为代价，用换来的；丧失；牺牲【考例】They wondered how much this kind of car would _ them. A. pay B. spend C. cost D. waste考查目标 本题考查cost和它的几个近义词的区别。答案与解析 C cost的意思是

13、“耗费”，主语是指物的名词而pay和spend等的主语是指人的名词。6. effect n. 效果；作用have an effect on sth. His words had a great pushing effect on his students. (1) be of no effect 无效 (2) come into effect 开始生效；开始实行 比较 affect vt. 影响 The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.7. experience的用法构词: experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的搭配: by

14、experience 凭经验；从经验中 from experience 凭经验；从经验中 gain experience in 获得经验 be experienced in 某方面有经验友情提示: experience这个词作为可数名词用时，解释为“经历”，作为不可数名词用时解释为“经验”。【考例】 (2019山西模拟) _teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily formed. A. Knowledge B. Teachers C. Experience D. Parents考查目标 experience的意思

15、。答案与解析 C experience常为不可数名词，意思是“经验”。8. fear n. & vt. (1) n. 恐惧 (多作不可数名词) His face was growing pale with fear. 忧虑；担心的事(可数) There is no reason for your fears. for fear of 由于怕，以防 He left an hour earlier for fear of missing his train. for fear (that) 惟恐；怕的是；以防 She worried for fear that the child would be

16、 hurt. in fear of 害怕；担心 The thief was in fear of the police. (2) v. 恐惧；害怕，接 n. / pron. Cats fear big dogs. 恐惧；害怕，接to do Dont fear to tell the truth. 恐怕；担心，接从句 She feared that she might not find him in his room.构词：fearful adj. 可怕的，严重的；惧怕的，胆怯的；担心的，忧虑的 fearless adj. 不怕的，大胆的，勇敢的，无畏的搭配： be in fear (of) (

17、为而)提心吊胆 for fear of 因为怕；以免，怕的是 for fear that-clause 生怕；为了防止(某事发生) have a fear that-clause 担心怕(发生某事) with fear 吓得，怕得 fear (vi.) for. 担心忧虑【考例】(2019江苏)He got to the station early, _ missing his train. A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search考查目标 fear构成的短语的用法和意思。答案与解析C for fear of 常在句中作状语

18、，意思是 “怕的是。担心”。9. fun n. 高兴；乐趣；有趣的人或事 (1) for fun 为了高兴；为着好玩 I only did it for fun. (2) make fun of 开的玩笑；取笑 It is wrong to make fun of a cripple. 比较 (1) laugh at 笑(某人)；嘲笑 Its unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble. (2) play a joke on 开(某人的)玩笑10. means n. 手段；办法 (1) by means of 用；依靠 The water may

19、 be carried by means of a pipe. (2) by all means 一定；务必；(表示同意)当然可以，没问题：务必，无论如何，千方百计地 Try by all / every means to persuade him to come. (3) by no means 完全不是；一点也不；决不 This is by no means the first time you have been late. 还有： by this means 用这种方法； by any means 用一切可能的方法或手段【考例】(MET 1991)Students sometimes

20、support them- selves by _ of evening job. A. ways B. offers C. means Dhelps考查目标 by means of 短语的意思。答案与解析 C by means of 的意思是“通过某种手段”。三、 练习.单词拼写1If you dont know the way，you can ask a _(本地人)for help.2His plan was _(以为根据)on what he had learned from his teacher.3Reading is one of the best ways of improvi

21、ng your _(词汇量)4The composition is not well written，and also，there are many _(拼写)mistakes in it.5Ive known Barbara for years.Since we were babies，_(实际上)6The _(后者的)point is the most important.7The ship made its maiden _(航行)last week.8He had to make his _(身份)public.9She speaks _(流利的) French.10He comes

22、to visit me _(频繁地).单句改错1He didnt go to school because his illness._2A large number of students has gone abroad to study._3The authors new book will come up next month._4He will come on time even if it will rain._5The Kangaroo is native of Australia._6Good use should be made of studying hard._7Of mat

23、hs and English，I prefer the later one._8I dont need the dictionary at the present._9They are no more than schoolmates；they are close friends._10He came up me and shook hands with me._.阅读理解AThere are several ways from which to choose for you to keep your kids safe in your neighborhood.But the first s

24、tep to keep your child safe in your neighborhood is to know your neighbors.Knowing your neighbors can save you a lot of worry.It lets you know that the car that has just driven down the street belongs to “the yellow house on the corner”，or the truck that has just driven by the playground looks unfam

25、iliar，but the guy in the passenger seat resides two doors down.Its these simple things that keep you from going_out_of_your_mind_whenever you see someone driving by where children are playing.But you shouldnt just know what they look like.The next step is to know them well.What do they do？How do the

26、y act？You might be OK with them driving by the playground since they live in the neighborhood，but are you OK with them being on the playground？Knowing your neighbors solves several things.First you find out what kind of people they are.This helps you know if you should let your child go out in an ar

27、ea that they gather.Lets face it：you dont want your child to play around people or peoples children that curse(咒骂)or hit each other.Sometimes you have to protect your child against your own neighbors.Knowing them also makes them know you.Being neighbors is an interesting thing.You might not like the

28、m or have the same views as them，but we all usually protect those that we consider our own.If you know your neighbors，they know you.They are more likely to look after the child of the nice lady down the street in the brick(砖)house，than the people，in the house on the corner，that no one ever sees.1Thi

29、s passage is mainly to tell us _Ahow to keep your child safe in the neighborhoodBhow to set a good example to your neighborsChow to get along with your neighborsDhow to teach your child to protect himself2The underlined phrase “going out of your mind” in Paragraph 2 probably means _Abecoming very ex

30、citedBbecoming very worriedCbecoming very disappointedDbecoming very relaxed3From the third paragraph we can know that _Ait is important for you to be polite to your neighborsBpeople in the same neighborhood are quite differentCpeople like enjoying themselves on the playgroundDknowing your neighbors

31、 helps to keep your kids safe4The neighbors would like to look after your kid _Aif they are often encouragedBif you are getting on well with themCif you are the one nobody knowsDif they think you are a beautiful ladyB(2019重庆高一检测)One of the speaking rules you need to know might sound strange to most

32、ESL(English as a second language) students，but it is one of the most important rules.If you want to pass examinations，then study grammar.However，if you want to become fluent in English，then you should try to learn English without studying the grammar.Studying grammar will only slow you down and conf

33、use you.You will think about the rules when creating sentences instead of naturally saying a sentence like a native.Remember that only a small part of English speakers know more than 20% of all the grammar rules.Many ESL students know more grammar than native speakers.I can confidently say this with

34、 experience.I am a native English speaker，majored in English Literature，and have been teaching English for more than 10 years.However，many of my students know more details about English grammar than I do.When they sometimes ask me about grammar，I can easily look up the definition(定义) and apply it，bu

35、t I cant tell them the answer off_the_top_of_my_headI often ask my native English friends some grammar questions，and only a few of them know the correct answer.However，they are fluent in English and can read，speak，listen，and communicate effectively.Do you want to be able to recite the definition of

36、a causative verb，or do you want to be able to speak English fluently?5According to the author，what opinion do most ESL students hold?AGrammar matters a lot only in speaking.BGrammar doesnt matter much in speaking.CGrammar is very important in English learning.DGrammar is not important in English lea

37、rning.6As for studying grammar，which statement is TRUE according to the passage?AMany ESL students know little grammar.BMost English speakers know more than 20% of all the grammar rules.CStudying grammar will not make fluency in English.DYou will say a sentence naturally when thinking about rules.7T

38、he underlined part “off the top of my head” means _Aon purposeBwithout considerationCafter thinking Dwith difficulty8Which of the following titles best suits the text?AFluency or Grammar? BGrammar Counts!CExams or No Exams? DNo More Grammar!.完成句子1有不止一种服装款式供你选择。(choose)There is _ dress fashion _2因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在面临绝种。(pollution)Many beautiful fishes are fast disappearing _3你应该充分利用你的时间来交更多的朋友。(make)You should _ more friends.4美满的婚姻是建立在互相信任的基础上的。(base)A good marriage _ mutual trust.5即使你是个优秀的跳高运动员，你也跳不过三米。(Even if)_，you jump no more than three metres.