初一英语人教版期末复习 知识精讲.docx

1、初一英语人教版（新目标）上学期期末复习：知识点归纳一、学习目标1. Units 5-9的知识点 2. 学会归纳句型，梳理语法知识 二、重点、难点重点：Units 5-9的知识点难点：高频考点一、单词领读1. 球类及学科名词ball 球subject 学科；科目bat 球棒；球拍P.E. 体育tennis网球science 科学ping-pong 乒乓球music 音乐soccer 足球math 数学volleyball 排球Chinese 语文；汉语basketball篮球geography 地理(学)history 历史2. 衣服、食物的名词clothes 衣服；服装tomato西红柿soc

2、k 短袜ice-cream冰淇淋T-shirt T恤衫salad沙拉shorts 短裤 strawberry草莓sweater 毛衣pear梨trousers裤子milk牛奶shoe鞋bread面包skirt裙子apple苹果food食物rice大米；米饭vegetable蔬菜egg鸡蛋fruit水果carrot胡萝卜banana香蕉chicken鸡肉hamburger=burger 汉堡包3. 数词ten十first第一eleven十一second第二twelve十二third第三thirteen十三fifth第五fifteen十五eighth第八eighteen十八ninth第九twent

3、y二十twelfth第十二thirty三十twentieth第二十4. 月份、星期的名词month月；月份November十一月January一月December十二月February二月week周；星期March三月Monday星期一April四月Tuesday星期二May五月Wednesday星期三June六月Thursday星期四July七月Friday星期五August八月Saturday星期六September九月Sunday星期日October十月【即学即练】根据句意和首字母提示完成单词1. He and his friends often play v_ in the P.E.

4、classes.2. My favorite day of the week is M_.3. March is the third m_ of the year.4. His brother eats lots of good f_, and he is very healthy.5. Mom, I want to buy a new s_.答案：1. volleyball 2. Monday 3. month 4. food 5. sweater/ skirt二、重要知识点及知识考点Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?Do you have a ping-po

5、ng bat? 你有一个乒乓球拍吗？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 是的，我有。/ 不，我没有。Does Jane have a tennis ball? 简有一个网球吗？ Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.是的，她有。/ 不，她没有。Lets play computer games. 让我们玩电脑游戏吧。That sounds interesting. 那听起来很有趣。【高频考点】1. have v. 有【考点】其第三人称单数形式为：has。主语是非第三人称单数时：肯定句：主语+have+其他。否定句：主语+dont +have+其他。一般疑问

6、句：Do+主语+have+其他？主语是第三人称单数时：肯定句：主语+has+其他。否定句：主语+doesnt +have+其他。一般疑问句：Does+主语+have+其他？【例句】I dont have a basketball. 我没有篮球。Does he have a tennis bat? 他有网球拍吗？【考题链接】She _any friends. A. have B. has C. dont have D. doesnt have答案：D思路分析：根据any用在否定句和疑问句中可知此句是否定句，故排除A, B项；主语she是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用doesnt have，故选D项。

7、2. let v. 允许；让【考点】let sb. do sth.【例句】Let me go there. 让我去那儿吧。【考题链接】Lets _ tennis.A. play B. to play C. plays D. dont play答案：A思路分析：let sb. do sth.是固定用法，故选A项。3. sound v. 听起来好像【考点】作连系动词，其后接形容词作表语。【例句】I dont like it. It sounds boring. 我不喜欢它，它听起来很无聊。【考题链接】That sounds _.A. well B. good C. relaxed D. favor

8、ite答案：B思路分析：sound是连系动词，其后接形容词作表语；A项是副词，排除；C项修饰人，排除；D项意为“最喜爱的”，不合句意。4. watch v. 注视；观看【考点】watch TV 看电视；watch games 看比赛watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事，指动作完成了watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人在做某事，指动作正在进行【考题链接】We often watch the boys _ basketball after class.A. play B. to play C. plays D. to playing答案：A思路分析：watch后可接两种

9、形式：动词原形和动词的-ing形式；浏览各选项可知A项正确。句意为“我们下课后经常看这些男孩打篮球”。5. like v. 喜欢；喜爱 love v. 爱；喜爱【考点】二者是同义词，但是love表示“喜爱”的程度比like强。like / love doing sth. 强调经常性喜欢like / love to do sth. 强调一次性喜欢【考题链接】Bill likes _TV and _ football.A. watching; play B. watch; playing C. watching; playing D. watch; play答案：C思路分析：like后可接动词不定

10、式，也可接动词的-ing形式；浏览各选项可知C项正确。Unit 6 Do you like bananas?Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗？Yes, I do. /No, I dont. 是的，我喜欢。/ 不，我不喜欢。Does she like tomatoes? 她喜欢西红柿吗？Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 是的，她喜欢。/ 不，她不喜欢。We dont like oranges. 我们不喜欢橙子。He doesnt like vegetables. 他不喜欢蔬菜。【高频考点】1. 实义动词的一般现在时【考点】主语是非第三人称单数

11、：肯定句：主语+动词原形+其他。否定句：主语+dont +动词原形+其他。一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其他？答语：Yes, 主语+do. / No, 主语+dont.主语是第三人称单数：肯定句：主语+动词第三人称单数形式+其他。否定句：主语+doesnt +动词原形+其他。一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其他？答语：Yes, 主语+does. / No, 主语+doesnt.【例句】They dont eat salad. 他们不吃沙拉。He likes apples. 他喜欢苹果。【考题链接】He _soccer, but he doesnt it on TV.A. like

12、; play B. likes; watches C. likes; watch D. likes; plays答案：C思路分析：浏览题干，主语he是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，排除A项；在后一空中，doesnt后接动词原形，排除B, D两项。2. 可数名词复数的变化规则【考点】(1) 一般在词尾加-s。(2) 以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词词尾加-es。(3) 以ce, se, ze, (d) ge 等结尾的词加-s。(4) 以o 结尾的词，加-s或-es。tomato和potato后加-es。(5) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，把y变为i,再加-es。(6) 以f或f

13、e结尾的名词，先变f或fe为v，再加-es。【考题链接】He likes _ and _. Theyre very delicious(味美的).A. chicken; tomatos B. chickens; tomatoesC. chicken; tomatoes D. chickens; tomato答案：C思路分析：chicken作鸡肉讲时是不可数名词；作小鸡讲时，是可数名词；根据“它们都很味美”说明chicken意为“鸡肉”；tomato的复数形式为tomatoes。3. How about ? (提出建议) 怎么样？【考点】后接动词的-ing形式，可与What about?互换。【

14、例句】How about finishing your homework? 完成你的作业怎么样？【考题链接】I dont like the TV show.How about _ basketball?A. to play B. playing C. plays D. to playing答案：B思路分析：How about ? 后接动词的-ing形式。4. want v. 需要；想要【考点】want to do sth. 想去做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人去做某事want doing sth. 需要做某事，主语常为物【例句】The library wants clea

15、ning. 这个图书馆需要清扫。【考题链接】He often wants me _books for him.A. get B. getting C. to get D. gets答案：C思路分析：want sb. to do sth.是固定用法，故选C项，句意为“他经常让我为他取书”。Unit 7 How much are these socks?How much is this T-shirt? 这件T恤衫多少钱？ Its seven dollars. 它七美元。How much are these socks? 这些袜子多少钱？They are two dollars. 它们两美元。Ca

16、n I help you? 我能帮你吗？（你要点什么？）Ill take it. 我要买它。Here you are. 给你。Thank you. 谢谢。Youre welcome. 别客气。For girls, we have skirts in red and purple for only 20. 对于女孩们来说，我们有仅售20美元的红色和紫色的裙子。【高频考点】1. 基数词的表达【考点】 几个特殊基数词的拼写：thirteen, fifteen, eighteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty 表示“几十几”时，十位数和个位数之间用连字符“

17、-”。thirty-six, ninety-eight, sixty-five 表示“几百几十几”时，百位数和十位数之间用and连接。one hundred and twenty-four 124【考题链接】He has _ classmates. There are _ students in his class.A. four; forty B. forty; forty one C. fourty; forty-one D. forty; forty-one 答案：D思路分析：在表示“几十几”时，十位数和个位数之间用连字符“-”，故B项错误；C项中的“四十”表达错误；A项数词表达正确，但

18、与句意不符，故只有D项正确。句意为“他有四十个同学。他们班有四十一个学生”。2. how much 【考点】询问物品的价格，意为“多少钱”。询问物品的数量，意为“多少”，后接不可数名词。【例句】How much are the sweaters? 这些毛衣多少钱？How much salad do you want? 你要多少沙拉？【考题链接】_ milk do you have for breakfast?A. How B. Much C. How much D. What much答案：C思路分析：milk是不可数名词，故选C项，意为“多少”。D项无此短语；B项不能用作疑问词。A项不能修饰

19、milk。3. need v. 需要【考点】作实义动词：need to do sth. 需要去做某事need doing sth. 需要做某事，主语常为物作情态动词：用在否定句和疑问句中。neednt do sth. 不必做某事【例句】I need to help him. 我需要去帮助他。My shoes need washing. 我的鞋需要刷了。He neednt come. 他不必来了。【考题链接】You are very busy. You _here on Tuesday.A. dont need come B. neednt to comeC. dont need to come

20、 D. neednt coming答案：C思路分析：主语you表示人，故排除D项；need既可作实义动词，又可作情态动词，作实义动词时，构成need to do sth.，故A项错误，C项正确；B项考查need作情态动词，后接动词原形。4. buy v. 购买；买 sell v. 出售；销售；卖【考点】二者互为反义词。buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物；buy sth. from sb./ somewhere. 从某人/ 某处买某物sell sb. sth.= sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人【考题链接】My sister buys a b

21、ook from the woman. (同义句转换)The woman _ a book _ my sister.答案：sells; to思路分析：原句句意为“我姐姐从那位妇女那儿买了一本书”即：那位妇女卖给我姐姐一本书。Unit 8 When is your birthday?When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？ My birthday is on June 3rd. 我的生日在六月3号。When is Alices birthday? 艾丽斯的生日是什么时候？Her birthday is on September 5th. 她的生日在九月5日。How ol

22、d are you? 你多大了？Im 12. 我十二岁。 Happy birthday! 生日快乐！ See you! 再见！【高频考点】1. 序数词【考点1】 序数词前加定冠词the。 几个特殊序数词的拼写：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth, thirtieth 表示“第几十几”时，只变个位为序数词twenty- second 第22; ninety-fifth 第95【考点2】数词的用法 基数词+名词单数+形容词作定语，其中基数词、名词单数、形容词之间加连字符“-”。 在年月日的表达中，年用基数词；

23、日用序数词。 名词+基数词=序数词+名词【例句】She is an eight-year-old girl. 她是一个八岁的女孩。Our School Day is on May 24th, 2019. 我们的学校日是在2019年5月24日。Lets go to Room 5. =Lets go to the fifth room. 我们去5号房间吧。【考题链接】The _ boy is his brother.A. twenty-years old B. twenty-year oldC. twenty years old D. twenty-year-old答案：D思路分析：浏览题干可知选

24、项作定语，故基数词、名词单数、形容词之间加连字符“-”；A项years是复数，且后面没有连字符；B项year和old之间缺少连字符；C项不合句意。只有D项正确。2. 名词所有格【考点】s 所有格，of所有格和双重所有格【例句】This is Marys skirt. 这是玛丽的裙子。I need a photo of your family. 我需要你的全家福。He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。【考题链接】Im happy because we have a _ holiday(假期).A. two months B. two-months C. two mon

25、ths D. two months答案：C思路分析：holiday是名词，故其前应用复合形容词或所有格来修饰；A项错误，排除；B项中的month应是单数；two是基数词，后接名词复数，故排除D项。3. busy adj. 忙碌的；无暇的【考点】be busy with sth. = be busy doing sth. 忙于(做)某事【考题链接】The boy is busy _ TV in his bedroom.A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watches答案：C思路分析：be busy doing sth.是固定用法，故选C项。4. time n

26、. 时间【考点】Its time (for sb.) to do sth. 到了(某人)做某事的时间了Its time for sth. 到了某事的时间了have a good time doing sth. 做某事很快乐【考题链接】Its time for dinner. (同义句转换)Its time _ _ dinner.答案：to haveUnit 9 My favorite subject is science.Whats your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的学科是什么？ My favorite subject is science. 我最喜欢的学科是科学。Why

27、 does Bob like history? 鲍勃为什么喜欢历史？Because its interesting. 因为它有趣。When is your geography class? 你的地理课是什么时候？Its on Monday and Friday. 在周一和周五。Whos your music teacher? 你的音乐老师是谁？My music teacher is Ms Xie. 我的音乐老师是谢女士。Thats for sure. 的确如此。(那可一点不假。)My classes finish at 1:50, but after that I have an art le

28、sson for two hours. 我的课在1:50结束，但是结束以后我要上两个小时的艺术课。【高频考点】1. 特殊疑问句【考点】由特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成。【例句】Whats your name? 你叫什么名字？How old are you? 你多大了？How do you spell your name? 你怎样拼写你的名字？When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？Why do you like science? 你为什么喜欢科学？【考题链接】 _ is your favorite food?Chicken.A. When B. How C. What D

29、. Why答案：C思路分析：根据答语“鸡肉”可知问句询问“什么”是你最喜欢的食物。2. why adv. 为什么【考点】Why not + v. ? =Why dont you + v.? 为什么不做呢？【例句】Why not play soccer? =Why dont you play soccer? 为什么不踢足球呢？【考题链接】Why _buy a new one ?A. dont B. not to C. dont to D. not答案：D思路分析：Why not + v. ? =Why dont you + v.?，浏览各选项，只有D项合适。3. finish v. 完成；做好【

30、考点】finish doing sth. 完成（做）某事【考题链接】He finishes _ all the vegetables.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats答案：C思路分析：finish doing sth.是固定用法，故选C项。句意为“他吃完了所有的蔬菜”。【即学即练】. 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空1. He _(go) to school at seven.2. Linda _(play) volleyball after school.3. What _ you _(do) on weekends?4. Jeff _(watch) TV

31、in the evening.5. The girl likes _(buy) nice clothes. 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1. Hello! My name is Bill Green. Bill is my _(one) name.2. September is the _(nine) month of the year.3. I have _(second) soccer balls.4. Her birthday is on July _(five).5. His little sister is only _(third) years old.6. Here are tw

32、o _(tomato).7. What are the _(price) of the fruits?8. Those are my CDs. They arent _(Jim).9. I dont eat _(bread).10. Mr. Wang is _(Mary and Jane) uncle. 根据答语填入恰当的疑问词1. _ is your sweater? Its6.2. _ do you like music?Because its relaxing.3. _is our biology teacher?Our biology teacher is Miss Black.4. _ is the school basketball game?Its on November 21st.5. _ milk do you want?A glass.答案：. 1. goes 2. plays 3. do; do 4. watches 5. buying/ to buy. 1. first 2. ninth 3. two 4. (the) fifth 5. three 6. tomatoes 7. prices 8. Jims 9. bread 10. Mary and Janes. 1. How much 2. Why 3. Who 4. When 5. How much