外研版初二（上）英语第12讲：Module 6语法篇（教师版）.docx

1、Module 6 语法篇_熟练掌握本模块语法知识。1.形容词变成副词的规律。 一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如：quickquickly, slowslowly, loudloudly, suddensuddenly等。 特殊情况： 构成方法 例子 一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，要把y改为i再加-ly。 happyhappily,angryangrily有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词，去掉e加-y。 possiblepossiblyterribleterribly少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。 truetrulyp

2、olitepolitelywidewidely以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly，而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y。 carefulcarefullyusefulusefullyfullfully温馨提示：副词修饰行为动词这一点。如： He is very _(careful).He does everything _(carefully)第一句中是作表语，用形容词careful；第二句中修饰行为动词does用副词carefully。 常考的形容词和副词辨析有：hard 努力hardly 几乎不；late迟的，晚的lately 近来；deep 深deeply

3、深深地；near靠近nearly 差不多；wide 宽widely 广泛地；high高的highly 高度地；close 靠近的closely 密切地； free免费的freely 自由地。2-ing形容词和-ed形容词的区别。 -ing形容词 -ed形容词 例句 interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的 I have an interesting book.He is interested in science.exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的 Have you heard of the exciting news？ We are excited abo

4、ut the traveling.moving令人感动的 moved受感动的 Titanic is a moving film.We are moved by Hong Zhanhui deeply.表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰事物。 表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人，常用于“sb.+-ed形容词+介词”结构。 We are all interested in the interesting story.3复习动词不定式。 （1）不定式的基本形式是“to动词原形”，或省略to用动词原形。在句中使用时不能作谓语，但可以和自己的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。 e.g.The

5、 mother wants her to read English every day.母亲要她的儿子每天读英语。 My mother asked me not to read in bed.我的母亲要求我不要躺在床上看书。 （2）不定式的句法作用： 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用，它可以作宾语、宾补和状语。 作宾语 e.g.He wants to go out with her.他想和她一起出去。（want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”） 注意： a. 一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望，如：would like, want, wish,

6、hope, decide, plan, expect等。 e.g.Would you like to see a film this evening？ 你今晚想去看电影吗？ b. 在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。 e.g.I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很简单。 作宾语补足语：动词不定式作宾补时，它与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。 e.g.Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露丝要他关小收音机。(他关小收音机)注意：动词不定式在使役动词make,

7、 let和感官动词see, watch, hear, feel等词后作宾补时，常省去不定式符号to。had better, would rather后的不定式也不带to，help后的不定式可带to，也可不带to。 e.g.Her mother makes her do homework every evening.她母亲要她每天晚上都写作业。 Lets see the dolphins. 我们去看海豚吧。 I hear her sing every day. 我听见她每天都唱歌。 Youd better do homework first.你最好先做作业。 但make, see, hear等词

8、在被动语态中，其后的不定式要带to。 e.g.She was heard to speak English.有人听到她说英语。 作目的状语，表示某一动作或状态的目的，常常翻译成“为了”。它可置于句首或者句末。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加 in order to或so as to。 e.g.Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter. 王女士去上海看望她的女儿。 To arrive in time, well start early.为了及时到达，我们将早出发。 We should work hard in order

9、to pass the exam.=We should work hard so as to pass the exam.我们应该努力学习以便我们能通过考试。 1. Tom studies _ but his sister _ studies.Ahard，hardBhardly，hardlyChard，hardlyDhardly，hard2.What did the doctor tell you just now?He told me _ less and _ more.A. eat; to sleep B. to eat; sleepC. to eat; sleeping D. eatin

10、g; sleeping3. She was made _ the housework every day .A. do B. to do C. doing D. did4. _ the train , we got up early and booked a taxi in advance.A. catch B. to catch C. catching D. caught5. I think it meaningful _ learn English .A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned解析：1.本题考查hard和hardly的区别，通常我

11、们会认为hard的副词是hardly，事实上hard既是adj.又是adv.，而hardly是另外一个adv.，中文是“几乎不”。hard作为adv.时，通常在修饰的动词之后，而hardly通常在动词之前，译这句中文“Tom学习努力，而他的妹妹则几乎不学习。”同根副词意义有别的，故选C。2本题考查tell sb to do sth , 故选B。3本题考查make, see, hear等词在被动语态中，其后的不定式要带to故选B。4本题考查动词不定式作目的状语，表示某一动作或状态的目的，常常翻译成“为了”。，故选B。5本题考查在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾

12、语放在句末，故选C。基础演练用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I hope _( see ) her soon.2. Sports help _( keep) people healthy.3. I except _( enter ) graduate school in the fall.4. He cant decide when_( start).5. I found it difficult _( work) out the match problem .6. The first man _( come ) was an old man .7. I asked him _ ( show )

13、me the new dictionary .8. He promised _( not tell ) anyone about it .1.to see 2.to keep 3.to enter 4.to start 5.to work 6.to come 7.to show 8.not to tell巩固提高1. What does John do on the farm? - Oh, his job is _ the animals.A. to feed B. feed C. to feeding D. feeds2. I was excited _ from my cousin, Li

14、n Li.A. hearing B. hear C. to hear D. heard3. The students had many books about animals to _.A. see B. look at C. read D. visit4. He is making a poster _ people from killing the rare animals.A. to feed B. to stop C. to see D. to show5. You dont need _ every new word in your dictionary while reading.

15、A. to look for B. to look at C. to look after D. to look up6. The difficulty is _ the _ of rare animals.A. stop, kill B. to stop, killing C. stop, killing D. to stop, kill7. The tigers go out _ their food when they are hungry.A. to look B. to look for C. to find D. to find out8.I think _ is interest

16、ing to have a talk with the famous man on TV.A. that B. thisC. it D. Its9.Its very kind of him _ me with my English.A. helps B. to helpC. helping D. helpI feel a bit cold. Tell Kate _ the windows.A. not to open B. to not openC. dont open D. not open答案：ACCBD BBCBA一根据句意用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I need _(clea

17、n) my house this afternoon.2. Peter paid some money _(get) that basketball.3. Do you think what we can do _(save) the animals?4. Its important _(learn) Chinese well.5. _(catch) the bus, David had his breakfast quickly.答案：1.to clean 2. to get 3. to save 4. to learn 5. To catch二选择填空。1. The teacher tol

18、d them _ make so much noise. A. dont B. not C. will not D. not to 2. Our master often told us _ things for granted. A. not to have B. not to take C. didnt take D. not to make 3. Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in t

19、he street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 5. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 6. The workers want us _ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 7. Im hungry.

20、 Get me something _. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating 8. - I usually go there by train. - Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 9. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing 10.

21、Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 答案： DBBAC CBDAB三. 完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、c、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Once, in a small village, lived a family with eight children. Two of the children loved1very much, but the family was so poor that it was

22、 impossible to send2of them to study at the art college at the same time. After many discussions, the two boys finally3a plan. They would toss(抛) a coin. The loser would go4into the mines (煤矿) and, with his earnings(赚得的钱),5his brother studying at the college. Then, when the brother who won the toss

23、finished his studies, after four years, he would support the other brother studying at the6James won the toss and Jack went down into the mines. James worked with all his heart and his paintings were much7than those of most of his teachers, and by the time he8, he was beginning to make a lot of mone

24、y for his paintings.9James returned, the family held a big dinner for his great success. Soon after the meal began, James10up from his seat to drink a toast (举杯祝酒) to his dear11He said, Jack, now you can go to the art college and your12will come true. I will take care of you. But Jack said13, Brothe

25、r, the four years in the mines has done too much to my hands, so it s too14Now I can t even hold a glass. To show his great love and respect, James drew his brother s hands with15towards the sky.He called his drawing The Praying Hands, which became very famous years later.1.A. painting B. books C. s

26、chool D. money2.A. any B. all C. both D. neither3.A. looked out B. worked outC. took out D. got out4.A. off B. away C. up D. down5.A. support B. agree C. follow D. let6.A. home B. mine C. college D. school7.A. better B. worse C. cheaper D, older8.A. arrivedB. graduatedC. walkedD. waited9.A. BeforeB.

27、 WhenC. ThoughD. While10.A. pickedB. turnedC. lookedD. stood11.A. brotherB. sisterC. fatherD. mother12.A. wayB. ideaC. dreamD. practice13.A. happilyB. surprisedlyC. angrilyD. softly14.A. earlyB. lateC. goodD. helpful15.A. legsB. feetC. armsD. fingers【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D5. A 6. C7. A8. B9. B10. D11. A12.

28、 C13. D14. B15. D_(2019年外研版八年级上期末测试题）BooksInformationLittle BullAuthor:Ellen jamesMain idea:The book tells us how the lovely 250-pound baby elephant learns about the world around himPrice: 24.0 yuanThe Trouble with TeachersAuthor:Barbara CalamariMain idea:Angela has found herself in trouble again at

29、 school with her teachers.She and her friends Gina and Johnny will be punished.Price:15.0yuanIve Got a SecretAuthor:Cathy WestMain idea:Nine-year-old Michelle got a new hot-pink notebook as a birthday gift and she began to keep a diary every day.Price:30.0 yuanMiss NobodyAuthor:Tomek TryznaMain idea

30、:At the age of fifteen,Mary-sia moves with her parents to the nearest big city. Then she meets two girls,Kasia and Eva,and they begin to teach her the secrets of life.Price:33.0 yuan1.Who is the author of the book Little Bull?AEllen James. BBarbara Calamari. CCathy West. DTomek Tryzna.2How much does

31、 the book The Trouble with Teachers cost you?A24.0 yuan. B33.0 yuan. C30.0 yuan. D15.0 yuan.3Which book should you buy if you want to know about a kind of animal?AIve Got a Secret. BThe Trouble with Teachers.CLittle Bull. DMiss Nobody.4Cathy Wests book is _ yuan cheaper than Tomek Tryznas.Afour Bthr

32、ee Ctwo Done5Which of the following is TRUE according to the table?AThe book with the price of 30.0 yuan tells us how to keep a diary.BBarbara Calamaris book tells us the story in Angelas home.CMiss Nobody is about a fifteenyearold girl.DIf you pay 20.0 yuan,you can buy two books above. ADCBCAWe all

33、 know the giraffes are the tallest living animals on land. But do you want to learn more about them? Let me tell you.Giraffes live in Africa. They have a very long neck. A giraffe can be more than 18 feet tall.A giraffe has four long, thin legs. The front legs are longer than the back legs. It can r

34、un about 50 kilometres each hour. A giraffe is probably famous for its long neck. It can reach the leaves at the top of the trees.A giraffe can live for 2025 years in the wild, and often longer at zoos. An adult(成年的) giraffe eats up to 140 pounds of food each day. A giraffe spends most of a day eati

35、ng and it gets just a few leaves once. It eats leaves on tall trees, tall bushes and tall grass too. But its favourite food is leaves on the acacia trees(金合欢树). Acacia leaves contain a lot of water, so a giraffe can go a long time without drinking.1.What does a giraffe look like?A. It is the second

36、tallest living animal on land.B. It has a long neck and four long, thin legs.C. It can live for 2025 years in the wild.D. It can run about 50 kilometres each hour.2.A giraffe is wellknown because of _.A. its front legsB. its speed(速度)C. its neckD. its food3.What food does a giraffe like best?A. Leav

37、es of the acacia trees.B. Green grass.C. Tall bushes.D. Little animals.4.Why doesnt a giraffe drink water for a long time?A. Its an animal of the desert.B. It lives in the grassland.C. Its an animal like a camel.D. Its food contains some water.5.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. A gir

38、affe is an animal from Europe.B. A giraffes front legs are longer than the back legs.C. It takes a giraffe lots of time to eat food.D. A giraffe in the wild can live for over 20 years.BCADABDo you know why different animals or insects(昆虫) have their special colours? Colours are used mainly to protec

39、t themselves.Why cant some birds easily catch locusts(蝗虫)? It is because locusts change their colours together with the change of the colours of crops(庄稼)When crops are green, locusts look green.But as autumn comes, locusts change to the same brown colour as crops have. Some other insects with diffe

40、rent colours from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives in the day and appear only at night.If you study the animal life, youll find the main use of colouring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals cant be easily seen by hunters(猎人)T

41、his is because they have the colours much like the trees.Have you ever noticed an even more strange thing？A kind of fish in the sea can send out black liquid(液体) when it faces danger.While the liquid spreads over(散开)，its enemies(敌人) cant find it.And it quickly swims away.So it has lived up to now th

42、ough it is not strong at all.6.From the article we learn that locusts _.A. are dangerous to their enemiesB. are easily found by birdsC. change their colours to protect themselvesD. are small animals7.How can insects with different colours from plants keep out of danger?A. They have to move quietly.B

43、. They hide themselves in the day and appear at night.C. They have the colours much like their enemies.D. They run away quickly.8.Bears and lions can keep safe because _.A. they live in forestsB. they like brown and grey coloursC. they move quietlyD. they have the colours much like the trees9.A kind

44、 of fish in the sea can live up to now because _A. it is very big and strongB. the liquid it sends out can help it swim away from its enemiesC. the liquid it sends out can kill its enemiesD. it swims faster than any other fish10.Which is the best title for this passage?A. The Main Use of Colours for Animals and InsectsB. Colours of Different Animals and InsectsC. The Change of Colours for Animals and InsectsD. The Change of Different Animals and Plants CBDBA