2012届高考英语单元总复习25.ppt

1、.重点单词聚焦 1When the professor finished his lecture，the_(观 众)clapped their hands warmly.答案：audience 2Beethoven was a great_(音乐家)remembered by the whole world.答案：musician 3Its difficult to understand the passage with so many _(复杂的)sentences.答案：complex 4 The band are now on a twomonth_(巡回演出)of Europe.答案：

2、tour 5In my view，the_(导演)of a film corresponds to the commander of an army.答案：director 6The teacher found Tom had a_(天赋)for painting.答案：talent/gift 7The business community has_(失去)confidence in the government.答案：lost 8 His parents no longer have any real_(影响)over him.答案：influence 9He didnt start to_

3、(创作)music until he was thirty.答案：compose 10His father is a_(讲师)in the college and often gives lectures on history.答案：lecturer.重点短语扫描 1对印象深刻 2分裂；分割 3变聋 4作为而著名 5把变成 6有史以来 7到为止/时候 8和；又 9记录 10没门；不可能 11把和混在一起be impressed withsplit upgo deafbe known aschange.intoof all timeby the timeas well asmake a note

4、 ofno waymix.with.课文原句突破 1 _ _there for 30 years，Haydn moved to London，_ he was very successful.在那儿工作三十年后，海顿搬到了伦敦，在那里获得了很大成功。答案：Having worked；where 2_ _ _he was 14，Mozart _ _many pieces.到十四岁时，莫扎特已创作了许多支曲子 答案：By the time；had composed 3The two were friends _ Mozarts death in 1791.到1791年莫扎特死时他们两个一直是朋友。

5、答案：until 4 However，_ _ Haydn _ encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.然而，是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。答案：it was；who 5 _he grew older，he began to_ _.随着年龄的增长，他的耳朵变聋了。答案：As；go deaf lose vt.丢失；错过；迷路；输掉；使沉溺于；专心致志于(1)lose face/heart/weight丢面子/灰心/减肥 lose ones job/balance/sight失业/失衡/丧失视力(2)lose oneself in thought/be lost

6、 in thought陷入沉思 lose oneself in sth./be lost in sth.专心致志于(3)lost adj.失去的；丢失的；迷路的 a lost pen/opportunity/child 遗失的钢笔/错过的机会/迷路的孩子(4)loss n失去；丧失；损失 at a loss困惑；不知所措 I lost a lot of money on that deal.我在那笔交易上赔了很多钱。Dont lose heart.Keep up and youll succeed in time.不要灰心，坚持下去，迟早你会成功的。Lost in thought，he alm

7、ost ran into the car in front of him.由于陷入沉思之中，他几乎撞上了他前面的那辆汽车。Im at a loss about what I can do to help them.我不知道做些什么来帮助他们。On the way home，she found her necklace lost/missing/gone.在回家的路上，她发现项链丢失了。1._for a week，the couple were believed_in the flood.AHaving lost；having diedBLost；to have been killed CBei

8、ng lost；to be killed DLosing；dying 解析：句意为：失踪了一个星期，这对妇夫被认为洪灾中丧生了。答案：B 2We_the last bus and didnt have any money for taxi，so we had to walk home.Areached Blost Cmissed Dcaught 解析：句意为：我们错过了最后一班公交车，又没有钱乘出租车，所以只好走着回家了。根据句意可知选C，miss意为“错过”。答案：C influence n影响(力)；势力；权力；vt.对有影响；感化(教 材 原 句 P26)If a band is inf

9、luenced by another band，do they like them or not？如果一个乐队受到另一个乐队的影响，他们是否喜欢对方呢？have an influence on/upon对施加影响 under the influence of受的影响 have influence over有左右的 Watching TV for a long time has a great influence on childrens health.长时间看电视对孩子们的健康有很大影响。He is an influence in politics but he never uses his

10、influence to control others.他是一个在政界有影响的人，但从来没有利用他的势力去左右他人。Dont let me influence your decision.不要让我影响你的决定。3.I had tried my best to stop that wrong doing，but my advice had no_on his actions.Aimpression Badvantage Cprogress Dinfluence 解析：句意为：我尽全力去阻止那种错误行为，但我的建议对他的行为并没有影响。influence影 响；impression印 象；adva

11、ntage优势；progress进步，进展。答案：D 4China has got a good_for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.Areputation Binfluence Cimpression Dknowledge 解析：本题考查名词的用法，四个近义词来区分。从句意及空格后面的介词入手，表达“中国在上面有着较好的声誉”应接介词for；influence后接on；impression后接on；knowledge后接of。答案：A record vt.&vi.录音；记录；n.纪录；唱片

12、；档案；履历，经历(教材原句P27)Before they visited India，they had recorded seven albums.到达印度之前，他们已录了七套专辑。(1)keep a record of把记录下来 break/beat/cut the record打破纪录 set/make/create a record创造纪录 hold the record保持纪录(2)make a record制作唱片 play a record播放唱片 China has a recorded history of nearly 4,000 years.中国有将近四千年文字记载的历史

13、。At the Olympic Games，some athletes break the world record，some set a new record and others hold the record.在奥运会上，有的运动员打破世界纪录，有的创造新纪录，有的保持原有纪录。He is very happy because his school record is good.因为他的学业成绩好，他非常高兴。Dont disbelieve him just because he has a criminal record.不要因为他有犯罪前科就不信任他。Listen to the sp

14、eaker carefully and record what he says.仔细听发言者讲话，然后记下来。5.His newest record，digitally_in the studio，sounded fantastic.ArecordedBrecording Cto be recorded Dhaving recorded 解析：本题考查过去分词作后置定语。record“唱片”与动词record之间为被动关系，因此要用过去分词。答案：A mix v(使)混合；使结合；交往(教材原句P29)Do you think it is a good idea to mix Chinese

15、and western music？你认为把中国音乐和西方音乐结合起来是个不错的主意吗？(1)mix up搅匀；混淆 mix.with.把和混在一起 be/get mixed up in sth.with sb.与某事某人有牵连(2)mixture n混合物(3)mixed adj.混合的 Oil and water will not mix.油和水不相溶。Mix up flour and water，then pour the mixture into the pan with hot oil.把面粉和水搅匀，然后把这种混合物倒入有热油的平底锅中。He never mixes busines

16、s with his private feelings.他从不在工作上掺入他私人的感情。I got mixed up about which side was right.我搞不清楚到底哪一边是对的。We listened to the news with a mixture of surprise and horror.我们怀着惊恐交加的心情收听了这则消息。6.Are you for a_schoolor one only_girls or boys?Amixing；admitting Bmixing；admits Cmixed；admitting Dmixed；admits 解析：a mi

17、xed school表示“兼收男女生的学校”，only admitting girls or boysthat only admits girls or boys。答案：C make a note of记录(教材原句P29)Read the text and make a note of any new information.读一读这篇文章并将任何新的内容都记录下来。make/take a note/notes of记下，记录 compare notes(with)与某人交换意见 take note of注意；注目 leave a note for sb.给某人留个条子 I made a n

18、ote of her address and phone number.我记下了她的地址和电话号码。Take note of all she says and do exactly what she tells you.注意她说的话，完全按照她告诉你的去做。People were beginning to take note of his talents.人们开始注意他的才能。After the performance they had a cup of coffee and compared notes.演出后，他们喝了杯咖啡并交换了意见。7.完成句子 他在他的博客中记下了那天所发生的事。H

19、e_what happened that day in his blog.我没有注意到他的离开。I didnt_his leaving.答案：made/took a note oftake note of go deaf聋了(教材原句P23)As he grew older，he began to go deaf.随着年龄的增长，他开始变聋了。go作系动词时，后跟形容词作表语，一般表示由好变坏，由正常情况变成特殊情况。go blind/mad/bad变瞎/疯了/变坏，变质 go wrong/wild出毛病/变疯狂 go pale/red变得苍白/发红 go hungry挨饿 Her face

20、went pale at the bad news.听到那个坏消息，她的脸色变得苍白。Many people are still going hungry all over the world.世界上还有很多人在挨饿。The woman went mad after her son was killed.儿子被杀后那位母亲就疯了。辨析：go，become，grow与turn(1)go指由好变坏，由正常状况变成特殊情况。As time goes by，the conditions go worse.随着时间的流逝，情况变得越来越糟糕。(2)become(get)可指由好变坏，也可指由坏变好，强调

21、变化过程的完成。He has become a skilled worker.他已经成为一名熟练的技工。(3)grow逐渐变成新状态，强调过程。As time went on he grew more and more impatient.随着时间的推移，他越来越没有耐心了。Its growing warmer and warmer.天越来越暖和了。(4)turn成为完全不同的事物，强调变化的结果。He turned scientist after graduation.毕业后他成为了科学家。8.On hearing the news of the accident in the coal m

22、ine，she _pale.Agot Bchanged Cwent Dappeared 解析：go作为系动词，意为“变得”，多由好变坏。答案：C(教材原句P23)By the time he was 14，Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord，piano and violin as well as for orchestras.莫扎特到14岁的时候，不仅已经谱写了很多管弦乐曲，还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。by the time在此引导时间状语从句，意为“到的时候”。遇到by the time引导时间状语从句时，一定

23、要注意主从句的时态。by the time一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时。by the time一般现在时，主句常用一般将来时或将来完成时。by the end of过去时间，谓语部分常用过去完成时。by the end of将来时间，谓语部分常用将来完成时。By the time he was twelve，he had learned mathematics all by himself.到他12岁时，他已经自学了数学。By the time he got home，the light had gone out.他到家时，灯已熄灭。By the time you get this lett

24、er，Ill be in Canada.当你收到这封信的时候，我已经在加拿大了。By the end of next month，the building will have been completed.到下个月末，这栋楼将已竣工。9.用动词的适当形式填空：By the end of next Friday，we_ _(know)the result.By the time we arrived at the cinema，the film_(be)on for five minutes.Im sure we_(finish)the work by the time he comes bac

25、k.答案：will have knownhad beenwill have finished(教材原句P23)However，it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.然而，是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。(1)此句型是强调句型，其结构是：Itbe被强调部分that/who.It was my father that/who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.(强调主语)是我父亲昨晚在实验室里做实验的。It was the experiment that my fa

26、ther did in the lab yesterday evening.(强调宾语)我父亲昨晚在实验室里是在做实验。It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.(强调状语)我父亲昨晚是在实验室里做的实验。(2)强调句的疑问句形式 强调句变为一般疑问句时，直接将is/was置于句首。简略的答语为：“Yes，itis/was.”或“No，it isnt/wasnt.”Was it you that I saw at the concert last night?我昨天晚上在音乐会上看到的是你吗？No

27、，it wasnt.不是。(3)强调句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问词is/was被强调部分that.Why was it that the football match must be put off?为什么足球赛必须被推迟？(4)强调“not.until”引导的时间状语时，要用“It is/was not until.that.”结构，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.直到她摘下她的墨镜，我才认出她是一

28、位著名的电影明星。10._you got in touch with MrHarold?Through a friend of mine.AHow was itBHow it was CHow was it that DHow it was that 解析：根据回答“Through a friend of mine”可知上句问的是方式，强调句型的特殊 疑 问 句 句 式 是“疑 问 词 is/was itthat.”，因此答案为C。答案：C.完成句子 1他到底为什么受到了父亲的惩罚？Why_hewas punished by his father?答案：was it that 2这个年轻人在运

29、动会上创了一项新纪录。The young man_atthe sports meet.答案：set a new record 3看完这场喜剧后，他高兴地回家了。_，he went home happily.答案：Having seen the comedy 4房间里的人太多了，他们不得不分成几组。There are so many people in the room that they have to_.答案：split up into groups 5老太太听到儿子被杀的消息后疯了。The old lady_whenshe heard the news that her son had b

30、een killed.答案：went mad 6疾病使他变成一个可怜的、苛刻的老人。His sickness_amiserable demanding old man.答案：changed him into.易错模块 1(2011长春第一次调研)_she is not so cheerful_she used to be?AHow is it that；asBWhy is it that；what CIs it why；thatDHow it is that；as 解析：考查强调句的特殊疑问句形式。强调句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问词is/was it that其他部分？选项B中的what不能和

31、前面的so构成同级比较，因此A项正确。答案：A 2Where did you get to know her?It was on the farm_we worked.Athat Bthere Cwhich Dwhere 解析：本题考查强调句型的省略与定语从句的正确运用。第二句若补充完整则为“It was on the farm where we worked(that I got to know her)”。答案：D 3 It was only after he had spent several nights experimenting _he decided to write to Dr

32、 Williams to find out if he was wasting his time.Awhen Bthat Cbefore Dsince 解析：句意为：他是在做了几晚实验后才决定写信给威廉斯博士，想知道自己是否在浪费时间。此句是强调句型。答案：B 4(2010上海春招)It was by making great efforts_shecaught up with other students.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dthat 解析：考查强调句型。强调句的结构为“It is/was被强调部分that其他成分”，判断的要点是去掉“It is和that”，剩下的句子结构仍

33、然完整。此处强调的是状语by making great efforts，句中缺that，因此选D项。答案：D.语法专练 本单元语法过去完成时和时间状语从句 1Mary went to the box office at lunch time，but all the tickets _out.Awould sell Bhad sold Chave sold Dwas selling 解析：句意为：玛丽在午餐时间去了售票处，但是所有的票都已经卖完了。根据题干信息Mary went to.为过去时间，而票售完在此时间参照点之前，即“过去的过去”。答案：B 2 She stared at the pa

34、inting，wondering where she_it.Asaw Bhas seen Csees Dhad seen 解析：句意为：她盯着那幅画看，想着自己曾经在哪里见过它。本题考查动词的时态，“看见”这个动作根据上下文应该发生在stared之前，是“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。答案：D 3(2010西城4月)Did you go somewhere on holiday?I_to go to Hawaii，but I didnt sign up for the tour in time.Awould hope Bwas hoped Chad hoped Dhave hoped 解析：考

35、查动词时态。语境叙述过去动作之前的打算与希望，用过去完成时：在度假之前本打算到夏威夷。答案：C 4(2011安徽皖南八校联考)Havent seen Lucy recently；whats happened?Oh，its more than two months_she worked here.Awhich Bthat Cbefore Dsince 解析：考查its.since.结构。此结构表示动作自过去发生至今有多久。但该结构的从句中谓语动词的性质决定最终的意义。从句中谓语动词为短暂性动词，则表该动作从发生至今时间有多久；若从句中谓语动词为延续性动词，则表示从该动作终止至今时间有多久。wor

36、k属于延续性动词，这里意为“她不在这儿工作已经有两个多月了”，显然，本题的答案为D。答案：D 5(2011山东潍坊模拟)I dont know what will become of me _I am out of work.Athat Bwhenever Cwhen Dwhether 解析：when在此句中引导条件状语从句，相当于if。句意为：如果我失业了，我不知道会怎么样。答案：C练规范、练技能、练速度 方法指导(三)透析文意法 透析文意指的是考生在作答时，文中问题从语法或习惯用法来讲所选择的答案是成立的，但从整体文意上透析，所选答案则与语篇意义大相径庭，面对这种窘势，考生要充分掌握英美两

37、种语言的差异和特点，把握全文的语意和结构，运用自己从文中已获取的有关答案的重要依据或有价值的信息进行全面排查，剔除与原文语意要求相悖的选项，研析确认符合语境需求的选项。运用透析文意法，考生要充分理解语篇中的中英文两种语言结构的差异和特点，能运用自己已拥有的基本技能解决试题中出现的棘手问题，切忌凭感觉做题。考生根据原文所提供的重点信息，按照作者既定的思路或语意全面而彻底地研析，以找到能够解决此问题的信息链，为更好地理解全文提供有力的保证。能力题在高考完形填空题中，考查知识型的题目越来越少，能力型的题目却越来越多，而且范围极广，类型繁杂。通过个个选项，考生可以明显地意识到，它们都在考查考生是否拥有

38、能够根据已掌握的知识体系通过实践而转换成为解决现有问题的能力。在四个选项中，从知识角度讲是完全有道理的，也能够用于语言表达，若从文意来讲就是错误答案，诸如此类的设空正是考生的难点所在，也是常见的失分现象之一。当然，这种精准而规范的表述更加显示了英语语言的精髓，更有利于激发考生向着英语化更高境界探索的热情。(2010安徽卷)Most people give little thought to the pens they write with，especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very_36_th

39、ings are handwritten.Alltoo often，people buy a pen based only on_37_，and wonder why they are not satisfied_38_they begin to use it.However，buying a pen that youll enjoy is not_39_if you keep the following in mind.First of all，a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be_40_to use.The thickness o

40、f the pen is the most important characteristic(特 征)_41_comfort.Having a small hand and thick fingers，you may be comfortable with a thin pen.If you have a_42_hand and thicker fingers，you may_43_a fatter pen.The length of a pen can_44_influence comfort.A pen that is too_45_can easily feel topheavy and

41、 unstable.Then，the writing point of the pen should_46_ the ink to flow evenly(均匀地)while the pen remains in touch with the paper._47_will make it possible for you to create a_48_line of writing.The point should also be sensitive enough to_49_ink from running when the pen is lifted.A point that does n

42、ot block the_50_may leave drops of ink，_51_you pick the pen up and put it down again._52_，the pen should make a thick，dark line.Finelinepens may_53_bad handwriting，but fine，delicate lines do not command_54_next to printed text，as，_55_，a signature on a printed letter.Abroader line，on the other hand，g

43、ives an impression of confidence and authority(权威)语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。作者向我们介绍了什么形状的钢笔使用起来让我们感到舒服，笔尖的好坏对我们书写的影响以及线条的粗细和深浅所产生的影响 36A.manyBfew Cpleasant Dimportant 解析：由前句中的especially since the printers in modern homes and offices可知打印机在家庭和办公室已经普及，所以可知很少的东西需要书写，故选B。答案：B 37A.looksBreason Cvalue Dadvantages 解析：人们

44、买钢笔时经常仅仅根据外表。looks外表、外貌。答案：A 38A.onceBif Cbecause Dthough 解析：不知道为什么一使用就感觉不满意，once连词，“一旦”。答案：A 39A.convenientBpractical Cstrange Ddifficult 解析：然而如果你遵循下面方法的话，买一只你喜欢的钢笔并不难。由转折词however可知，此处使用difficult符合句意。答案：D 40A.heavyBeasy Chard Dsafe 解析：拿在手中比较舒服的钢笔使用起来也比较容易。由fit comfortably可知此处指钢笔好用。答案：B 41A.takingBf

45、inding Cdetermining Dseeking 解析：决定钢笔使用起来是否舒服的最重 要 因 素 是 钢 笔 的 粗 细。用 现 在 分 词determining作后置定语。答案：C 42A.strongerBweaker Csmaller Dlarger 解析：如果你有一张大手并且手指较粗的话，你可能更喜欢一支较粗的钢笔。由上句的Having a small hand and thick fingers可知此处应该用和small相反的形容词。答案：D 43A.preferBrecommend Cprepare Ddemand 解析：由前后句意可知此处应该用prefer(更喜欢)。答

46、案：A 44A.hardlyBalso Cnever Dstill 解析：钢笔的长度也能影响它的舒服感。由上下文可知此处是在说明影响钢笔舒服感的另一方面，故用also。答案：B 45A.thickBlight Clong Dsoft 解析：太长的钢笔会使人感到顶端太重以及不稳定。由前后句意可知此处强调太长的钢笔的弊端。答案：C 46A.changeBallow Creduce Dpress 解析：笔尖应该能够使墨水均匀地流出，allow sb./sth.todosth.准许某人/物做某事。答案：B 47A.TheyBOne CThis DSome 解析：这将使你的书写很流畅。this代词，指代

47、上句内容。答案：C 48A.thinBrough Cblack Dsmooth 解析：由上句笔尖能够使墨水均匀流出可知此处指：使写出流畅的字体成为可能。smooth流畅的、光滑的。答案：D 49A.preventBfree Cprotect Dremove 解析：笔尖也应该是灵敏的，以致当钢笔 被 举 起 时 能 够 阻 止 墨 水 流 出。prevent.from.阻止做 答案：A 50A.wayBsight Cflow Dstream 解析：笔尖如果不能阻碍墨水流出来，那么写出来的就是一滴滴墨水。block阻塞、堵塞。此题易误选A，block the way堵塞道路，不符合句意要求。答案：

48、C 51A.soBas Cand Dyet 解析：当你把钢笔拿起来又放下时，笔尖如果不能阻碍墨水流出来，那么写出来的就是一滴滴墨水。答案：B 52A.MeanwhileBGenerally CAfterwards DFinally 解析：由第二段句首的First of all和第三段句首的Then以及最后一段的内容可知此处应该用finally，表示此段介绍了钢笔的最后一个特点。答案：D 53A.show up Bdiffer from C break down Dcompensate for 解析：细线条的钢笔可以弥补蹩脚的书写。compensate for补偿、赔偿。又如：Her intel

49、ligence more than compensates for her lack of experience.她的智慧大大弥补了她经验的不足。答案：D 54A.attentionBsupport Crespect Dadmission 解析：但是紧挨着印刷材料的细的、柔软的书写不会引起人们的注意。command 了她的注意。attention引起注意。又如：The headlines commanded her attention.那些标题引起 答案：A 55A.at most Bfor example Cin brief Don purpose 解析：例如，印刷信件上的签名。for example例如。at most最多；in brief简言之；on purpose故意。答案：B