2014年高二英语（人教版选修8）教学精品课件：UNIT2 PERIOD Ⅲ.ppt

1、教师用书独具演示教学目标(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，弄清楚同位语及同位语从句的含义和用法。教学地位本单元的语法是同位语和同位语从句，学生可能会感到比较难以掌握。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。演示结束1owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功

2、于You owe the lady an apology.(教材P13)你得向这位女士道歉。I owe it to you that I am still alive.幸亏有你我现在才仍然活着。He owes his success to his hard work.他把自己的成功归功于辛勤的劳动。owe sb.an apology 该向某人道歉owe.to.欠；把归功于；应感激owe sb.sth.(owe sth.to sb.)欠某人某物owing adj.欠的；未付的owing to.因为；由于owe.to.主语既可以是人，也可以是物。只用于主动句，大都与褒义词连用。attribute.

3、to.主语则只能是人，常用被动语态。He owes his success to his father.他把他的成功归功于他的父亲。Jim attributes his success to determination.吉姆把他的成功归功于坚定的信念。Economists attributed the slow progress in economy to poor cooperation.经济学家把经济增长缓慢归咎于合作不好。His great age is attributed to eating properly.他的长寿归因于饮食适当。【答案】owes his success towh

4、o owed him2shortly adv.不多时，不久Shortly after Freddy did some research，he discovered the fate of Dolly the sheep.(教材P13)然而在Freddy作了调查后不久，他发现了多莉羊的命运。Shortly after I arrived，we became good friends.我来后不久，我们就成了好朋友。I saw him shortly before he died.在他去世前不久我们还见过一面。Shes going to New York shortly.她不久就去纽约。shortl

5、y可以表示soon的含义，且常和after，before连用，表示“在前/后不久”。【答案】shortly after his marriageshortly before you arrivedwill be ready shortly【答案】want to retireretire from4bother v花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰；给(某人)造成麻烦(或痛苦)n.烦扰；困难However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.(教材P14)但是，后来她得了严重的肺

6、病，这个问题很让科学家烦心。What bothers me most is the fact that he seems to take no interest in his work.最使我伤脑筋的是，他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。I dont want to put you to any bother.我不想给你添麻烦。bother指麻烦某人，使某人操心、烦恼，常指为一点小事所“烦扰”，带有稍微抱怨的意味。disturb意为“干扰，扰乱”，侧重扰乱某种状态或秩序。interrupt 意为“打扰，打断”，侧重打断某个活动的进程，使其不能进行下去。Sorry to interrupt，but t

7、heres someone to see you.对不起，打扰一下有人要见你。Dont disturb the papers on my desk.别把我桌子上的文件弄乱了。用bother/disturb/interrupt的适当形式填空I cant_him with my little affairs.The child continually_the class.Dont_me while Im speaking.【答案】botherdisturbedinterrupt5be bound to do.注定/一定做Dollys death，like her birth，was bound t

8、o raise worries.(教材P14)多莉的死就像她的出生一样，注定要引起许多忧虑。Youve done so much work that youre bound to pass the exam.你已经做了这么多努力，因此你一定能通过考试。I feel bound to tell you that youre drinking too much!我觉得有必要跟你说你喝得太多了！Im sorry I couldnt come to see you this morning.I was bound up in some urgent matters.对不起，今天上午我未能来看你，我在忙

9、于处理一些急事。Our memories and habits are bound up with the structure of the brain.我们的记忆和习惯与脑的构造有密切的联系。We are bound for home.我们打算回家。观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会同位语及同位语从句的用法，并根据语法特点填空。But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the sheep.O

10、n the one hand，the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone，Dolly the sheep.The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.自我总结在以上句子中，画线部分在句子中的句子成分为_，它可以由_、代词、数词或_等充当，用来说明前面名词或代词的内容

11、和情况。【答案】同位语；名词(短语)；句子同位语及同位语从句一、同位语1同位语的定义同位语是句子成分的一种。它位于名词、代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况，可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。2同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1)名词You girls may take seats over there.你们姑娘们可以坐到那边。(2)代词He himself will do the experiment.他将亲自做这项实验。(3)数词She is the oldest among them six.她是他们六人中年纪最大的。(4)由such as，that is引导Some subjects，s

12、uch as maths and physics，are very difficult to learn.某些学科，例如数学和物理，是很难学的。(5)由of引导Mr.Smith is now living in the city of Beijing.史密斯先生现住在北京城。(6)由or引导It is zoology，or the study of animals.这是动物学，即对动物的研究。3特殊同位语归纳(1)不定式用作同位语Soon came the order to start the general attack.很快下达了发起总攻的命令。(to start the general

13、attack与the order同位)(2)动词-ing分词用作同位语Hes getting a job tonight driving a truck.他今晚得到一个开卡车的差事。(driving a truck与a job同位)The first plan，attacking at night，was turned down.第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。(attacking at night与the first plan同位)(3)形容词用作同位语The current fair，the biggest in its history，is being held in Guangzhou.目

14、前的交易会，是有史以来规模最大的，正在广州举行。【提示】这类同位语与定语比较接近，可转换成定语从句。The current fair，the biggest in its history，is being held in Guangzhou.The current fair，which is the biggest in its history，is being held in Guangzhou.(4)none of us之类的结构用作同位语We none of us said anything.我们谁也没说话。They neither of them wanted to go.他们两人都不

15、想去。【提示】同位语并不影响其后句子谓语的“数”。学生每人都有一本词典。正The students each have a dictionary.误The students each has a dictionary.(5)从句用作同位语(即同位语从句)I received a message that she would be late.我得到的信息说她可能迟到。二、同位语从句在复合句中用作同位语的句子叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。The belief that the company will make a great progress is shar

16、ed by everyone.每个人都相信公司会取得很大的进步。1可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word(消息)，possibility等。The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。2同位语从句的引导词(1)如果同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导。There is no doubt that the pric

17、es of cars will go down.毫无疑问，汽车的价格会下降的。(2)如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导，if不能引导同位语从句。He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必须回答他是否同意的问题。(3)如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用when，where，how等引导。I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.我不知道怎么能到达火车站。Our teach

18、er gave us the suggestion where we should have our summer holidays.我们的老师就我们应该去哪里度假提出了建议。3特殊情况(1)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在要说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。Word came that the president would come to inspect our city.有消息说总统要来视察我们的城市。(2)一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名

19、词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气“should动词原形”表示，should可省略。This is our only request that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句定语从句功能不同对名词加以补充说明与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用that不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略whether/how不作成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何”不引导定语从句whwords作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义

20、，但与先行词之间无关作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分【比较一】We cant solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.如何才能超过光的速度，我们解决不了这个问题。(how从句是the problem的具体内容，为同位语从句。)I cant remember the problem that they have.我记不得 他 们 的 问 题 了。(problem是 have的 宾 语，至 于 the problem的具体内容，没有说明，故是定语从句。)【比较二】Jim got to know th

21、e news that the whole village was in great danger.吉姆得知整个村子都处在极度危险中的消息。(that引导同位语从句，解释说明the news的内容。)Do you know the news(that/which)Jim told me?你知道吉姆告诉我的那个消息吗？(that引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语。).单项填空1Shall I lock the lab before I go home?_.Ill check it myself later.AGo aheadBNo problemCNo hurry DDont bother【解析】g

22、o ahead“行，可以”；no problem“没问题”；no hurry“不着急”；dont bother“不麻烦”。句意：我回家前要锁上实验室的门吗？不麻烦你。过一会我自己去检查一下。【答案】D2He is a successful businessman；he _ his success more to luck than to ability.Aattaches BadaptsCowes Dfastens【解析】句意：他是一个成功的商人，他把他的成功归功于运气而不是能力。owe.to.表示“把归功于”，符合句意。【答案】C3(2013安阳高二检测)The question _shou

23、ld do the work requires consideration.AwhatBwhoCthatDwhy【解析】句意：谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。question后面跟的是同位语从句。从句中缺少主语，首先应考虑A、B两项。do the work的主语应该是人，所以选B项。【答案】B4His suggestion _the meeting be delayed was turned down.Awhich BthatC/Dit【解析】句意：他的关于将会议推迟的建议被否决了。suggestion后的从句是解释它的具体内容，因而是同位语从句。在suggestion，order，requ

24、est等词后面的同位语从句中，谓语结构是“should动词原形”，should可省略。【答案】B5The thought _he might fail in the exam worried him.Awhen BwhichCwhat Dthat【解析】句意：他认为他可能考试不及格的想法使他担心。thought后的从句是“想法”的具体内容，应视为同位语从句，从句中不缺任何成分，应使用连接词that，故选D项。【答案】D6I have no idea _hell come or not.Awhen BwhereCwhether Dthat【解析】句意：我不知道他是否会来。这是一个同位语从句，从句

25、中有“or not”，这是使用连接词whether的标志，故选C。【答案】C7There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.AthatBwhichCuntilDif【解析】句意：比尔的伤情康复的几率较大，有望及时参加这次比赛。本题考查同位语从句，具体解释名词chance的内容。that引导同位语从句，that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何成分。【答案】A8Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the af

26、ternoon.AwhoBthatCasDwhich【解析】句意：Danby留言给我的秘书下午他将再次给我打电话。that引导同位语从句，作名词word的同位语，进一步补充说明其具体内容。同位语从句成分完整，选用that。【答案】B9So far there is no proof _ people from other planets do exist.Ahow BwhatCwhich Dthat【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：到目前为止，没有证据证明其他行星上存在人类。proof意为“证据”，后面常接由连接词that引导的同位语从句，表示proof的内容。【答案】D10(2013长春高二质检

27、)The fact _ Jenny didnt catch the train made her very disappointed.Awhich BwhatCthat Dwhy【解析】从句子结构和句意来看，“詹妮未赶上火车”是具体说明fact的具体内容，属同位语从句。【答案】C.用同位语从句完成下列句子1The news _(他们赢得比赛)soon spread all over the school.2What do you think of his suggestion _(我们早出发)tomorrow morning?3 The man refused to answer the qu

28、estion _(他买这辆车付了多少钱)4Suddenly the thought came to me _(他出国了)the year before.5Then he raised the question _ _(他们到哪里得到所需要的机器)6He often asked me the question _(这项工作是否值得做)7 The order _(释 放 犯 人)arrived too late.8Well discuss the problem _(是否如期举行运动会)【答案】1.that they had won the game2.that we(should)set out early3.how much he had paid for the car4.that he had gone abroad5.where they would get the machine needed6.whether the work was worth doing7.that the prisoner(should)be set free8.whether the sports meeting will be held on time