2020-2021学年语文新教材部编版必修下册同步课件：UNIT 1 SECTION A READING AND THINKING .pptx

1、UNIT1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTSectionAReadingandThinking 核心词汇 教材原句Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria.青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分 1 vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 be vital to/for 对至关重要 搭配 It is vital to do sth.做某事是至关重要的。It is vital that.是至关重要的。Perseverance is vital to success.毅力对于成功至关重要。It

2、 was vital to give first aid to the injured man.对这位伤者实施急救是至关重要的。Its vital that we（should）help children set correct moral values.我们帮助孩子树立正确的道德价值观是至关重要的。【学法点拨】在“It is vital that.”句式中，that 从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“（should+）动词原形”。类似的句式还有“It is necessary/natural/important/strange/essential that.”。题组练领悟方法 单句语法填空(1)I

3、nterest is as vital learning as the ability to understand，even more so.(2)It is vital that enough money（collect）to fund the project.(3)It is vital for a journalist（keep）accurate records.完成句子(4)（是至关重要的）we should recycle whatever we can to cut down the cost.(5)（是至关重要的）to keep the safety rules in mind.

4、to/for（should）becollectedtokeepItisvitalthatItisvital句意：兴趣对于学习来说，如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。教材原句 Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 December 1930.屠呦呦，一位坚定而耐心的科学家，1930 年 12 月 30 日出生于 中国宁波 2 committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 搭配：be committed to 致力于；委身于 He is still committed to t

5、he struggle for the equal rights of the black.他仍然致力于为黑人争取平等权利的斗争。The girl was committed to the care of an aunt.这女孩被交给姨母照顾。【词语积累】(1)commit vt.承诺；保证（某个人、机构等）vi.忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）commit a crime 犯罪commit a mistake/an error 犯错误 commit suicide/murder 自杀/谋杀commit sb./oneself to（doing）sth.承诺/保证做某事 He has com

6、mitted a crime and should be sent to prison.他犯了罪，应该被送进监狱。The typical mistakes that he committed have been written down.他所犯的典型错误都已经被写了下来。(2)commitment n.承诺，投入，委托 make a commitment 做出承诺 单句语法填空(1)Doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable（commit）.(2)He quickly found that he lov

7、ed playing this instrument，and was（commit）to practicing it.(3)He has committed himself the cause of education.完成句子(4)This development area（致力于）creating a perfect investment environment.(5)Theres no doubt that her colleague（犯了罪）and was put into prison.(6)If you are serious about our relationship，you

8、should（做出承诺）.commitmentcommittedtoiscommittedtocommittedacrimemakeacommitment 教材原句 Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties.她的团队查阅了 2,000 多本古老的医学文献，并对 280,000 种植物的药用性能进行了评估。3 evaluate vt.评价；评估 I cant evaluate his ability without seeing

9、his work.没有看到他的工作情况，我无法评估他的能力。We must evaluate the damage caused by the fire.我们必须评估这次火灾造成的损失。It can be difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatments.对不同治疗方法的效果做出评估会很难。【词语积累】evaluation n.评估，估算 an evaluation of the health care system 对医疗保健制度的评价 单句语法填空(1)The effects of the drug on pat

10、ients behaviour are extremely difficult（evaluate）.(2)It is widely acknowledged that students should（evaluate）in terms of overall quality.(3)We need to carry out a proper（evaluate）of the new system.完成句子(4)The school has only been open for six months，so its hard to _（评估它的成功）.beevaluatedtoevaluateevalu

11、ationevaluate itssuccess 教材原句.they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments 他们发现并测试了 380 种不同的中国古代医疗方法 4 distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的 It is distinct that.很明显 搭配 be distinct from.in.在方面与不同（=be different from.in.）It is distinct that we should make a distinction between the two

12、 cases.很明显，我们应该把这两种情况区别开来。The two posters are distinct from each other in style.这两张海报在风格上截然不同。【词语积累】distinction n.C，U 差别；区分；卓著 make/draw a distinction 区分开来；区别对待 the distinction between A and BA 与 B 之间的差别 The new rule makes no distinction between members and non-members.新规则对会员和非会员没有区别。It is generally

13、 acknowledged that she is a writer of distinction.人们普遍认为，她是一位优秀的作家。【学法点拨】make/draw a distinction between A and B 把 A 与 B 区分开来tell the difference between A and B tell/distinguish A from B distinguish between A and B 单句语法填空(1)Gold is distinct iron.(2)There is a fine（distinct）between the two words.(3)W

14、e must make a distinction formal language and informal language.(4)The two essays are distinct from each otherstyle.完成句子(5)Its difficult for a child to_ _（明辨是非）.(6)(是明显的)smoking is harmful to our health.一句多译:你知道单词 substitute 和 replace 的区别吗？(7)_(8)_(9)_fromdistinctionbetweeninmakeadistinctionbetweenr

15、ightandwrong/distinguishrightfromwrongItisdistinct/obvious/evidentthatCanyoutellthedifferencebetweenthewordssubstituteandreplace?Canyoumakeadistinctionbetweenthewordssubstituteandreplace?Canyoudistinguishbetweenthewordssubstituteandreplace?教材原句Their project got stuck.他们的计划陷入了困境。5 get stuck 陷入困境 常用的表

16、示“陷入之中”的短语：be/get stuck in，be/get trapped in，be/get caught in The car got stuck in the mud and had to rely on horses to get rid of it.那辆小汽车陷在了泥浆之中，不得不依靠马匹脱离困境。【学法点拨】“get+过去分词”强调过程或动作。“be+过去分词”强调既成的结果。The vase was broken，but he wanted to know how it got broken.花瓶碎了，但是他想知道它是怎样被打碎的。【归纳拓展】lost 迷路married

17、 结婚 get pleased 感到满意get surprised 感到吃惊 used to 习惯于tired of 厌倦 He got thoroughly lost on the way to the building site.他在去建筑工地的路上彻底迷路了。单句语法填空(1)In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained（stick）abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(2)The little girl who got（lose）decided to remain where she was and wa

18、it for her mother.(3)At first they disliked each other，but they ended up getting（marry）after going through a lot together.完成句子(4)Sorry Im late.I（陷入了）traffic.Never mind.Youre here now.Come in and sit down.stucklost解题指导：句中 where引导的从句作 remain的表语。married解题指导：endupdoing以做某事而告终。gotstuckin 教材原句They then tr

19、ied boiling fresh wormwood，and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria.然后，他们试着把新鲜的青蒿煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾 6 obtain vt.（尤指经努力）获得；赢得 vi.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行 搭配：obtain.from/out of/through.从中得到 He failed to obtain a scholarship.他没有获得奖学金。They obtained a loan from the government.他们从政府那里得到一笔贷款。We obtained

20、 knowledge through books.我们从书本中获得知识。Different laws obtain in different places.不同的法律适用于不同的地方。The custom still obtains in some districts.这种风俗在某些地方仍然流行。单句语法填空(1)Some of the salt that we use is obtainedthe sea.(2)We can obtain experience constant practice.(3)These are the results（obtain）through these su

21、rveys.完成句子(4)You should（获 得允许）from the headteacher before you leave school.(5)Both of these books can（从中得到）the library.fromthroughobtainedobtainpermissionbeobtainedfrom 教材原句However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而，屠呦呦并不承认失败。7 acknowledge vt.承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢 doing/having done sth.承认做了某事 搭配

22、acknowledge .as/to be.认为是 that.承认 It is widely/generally acknowledged that.普遍认为 They acknowledged having given up the ship at last.最后，他们承认弃船逃生了。They acknowledged that the topic they were discussing was related to national security.他们承认，他们正在讨论的话题与国家安全有关。I gratefully acknowledge financial support from

23、 several local businesses.我对几家本地企业的资助表示感谢。He is widely acknowledged as/to be the best player in the world.It is widely acknowledged that he is 普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。【词语辨析】(1)acknowledge 指公开“承认”事实或过错。(2)admit 强调被迫承认。(3)recognise 指正式“承认”“公认”主权、权利等。单句语法填空(1)He eventually acknowledged（make）a mistake.(2)Mary inte

24、nded to acknowledge him her son.完成句子(3)彼得承认未通过驾照考试。Peter _the driving test.(4)（普遍认为）getting up early is beneficial to health.making/havingmadeasacknowledgednotpassing/acknowledgedthathehadnt passedItiswidely/generallyacknowledgedthat 8 defeat n.&vt.（1）n.C，U失败；挫败 a big/bad defeat 大败a narrow defeat 惜败

25、suffer a defeat 遭遇失败admit defeat 认输 This defeat was a powerful blow to the enemy.这次失败是对敌人的有力打击。（2）vt.击败；战胜；使受挫defeat the enemy 击败敌人be defeated by 3 goals to 2 以 2 比 3 的比分败北 The last question on the paper defeated me.试卷上的最后一道题把我难住了。【词语辨析】defeat/beat 与 win defeat/beat 宾语为对手时，两者可通用 defeat 的宾语通常是敌人 beat

26、 多用于竞争、比赛、辩论等 win 表示在竞争中取得胜利,宾语多是 game，match，race，election，prize 等,不能接人，但 可说 win over sb.（把某人争取过来）Yesterday I defeated/beat Hanks in the match.He won only one set，while I won two.昨天在比赛中我赢了汉克斯。他只赢了一局，而我赢了两局。完成句子(1)They（遭遇失败）in the battle.(2)It was lack of effort,not of money,that_（使他们的计划失败）.(3)This t

27、ime our team（被击败）by 2 goals to 5.辨析填空：defeat/beat/win(4)Did you watch the football match last night?Yes，thats a most close one，and eventually neither side could the other.(5)Every year，whoever makes the most beautiful kite will a prize in the Kite Festival.sufferedadefeat解题指导：本句是强调句“It was+被强调部分+tha

28、t.”,强调了句子主语lack of effort,not of moneydefeatedtheirplanwasdefeateddefeat/beatwin 教材原句She analysed the medical texts again,and by chance,she found one sentence suggesting a diferent way to treat the wormwood.她又分析了一遍医学文献，偶然发现了一句话，这句话建议用另一种 方法来处理青蒿。9 by chance 偶然；碰巧 I heard their talking by chance.我偶然听

29、到他们的谈话。I heard them having a heated argument by chance when I passed by.我路过时碰巧听到他们在激烈地争吵。【一言助记】He broke the vase by chance/accident,not on purpose/by design.他不小心打碎了花瓶，不是故意的。【归纳拓展】take a chance/take ones chances 冒险；碰运气 单句语法填空(1)I met him chance at Saint Basils Cathedral.(2)I wont takechance on a July

30、 holiday in Britainit always rains.(3)He often hurts my feeling design.完成句子(4)Research has confirmed that the accident happened（偶然）.(5)You should never（冒险）when driving a car.byabybychance/byaccidenttakeachance/takeyourchances 教材原句She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its

31、 medical properties.她的结论是，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的医学特性。10 apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 He stopped，apparently lost in thought.他停下来，显然陷入了深思。Apparently his paper was downloaded from the website.显然他的论文是从网站上下载的。【词语积累】apparent adj.显而易见的，显然的；表面上的 It is apparent/obvious that.是显而易见的。It soon became apparent that Hallidie had

32、a major problem.不久就看出来哈利迪有了大麻烦。It was apparent to everyone that he was annoyed.大家都知道他生气了。单句语法填空(1)As is（apparent）indicated in the table，the house prices have dropped.(2)It is apparent the man has lost his patience.完成句子(3)（很明显）the drug does benefit some patients.(4)（很明显，这个女孩没明白）what the teacher had s

33、aid.apparentlythatItsapparent/obviousthatApparently the girl didnt take in/It was apparent that the girl didnt take in 教材原句Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。11 insist vi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求 搭配：ins

34、ist on doing sth.坚持做某事 that.坚决要求；坚持说 He insisted on making a voyage after graduating from college.他坚持大学毕业后去航海。I insist that the project（should）be carried out on schedule.我坚决要求这个工程按计划开展。He insisted that the identity of a person couldnt be changed.他坚持认为，一个人的身份是不能改变的。【误区警示】insist 后接 that 从句时，有两种情况：(1)表

35、示“坚持，坚决要求”时，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。(2)表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，从句用陈述语气。She insisted that the man had stolen her wallet and that he(should)be sent to the police station.她坚持说那个人偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求把他送到警察局。单句语法填空(1)The man insisted finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.(2)He insiste

36、d that he（do）nothing wrong and（set）free.完成句子(3)The road is covered with snow.I cant understand why they（坚持去）by motorbike.(4)She was stubborn and insisted that the work（完成）ahead of schedule.(5)My sister（坚持说她是无辜的）.on(should)besethaddone（should）beinsistongoinginsistedthatshewasinnocent 教材原句Tu Youyous i

37、mportant contributions other than the discovery of artemisinin.屠呦呦在青蒿素的发现之外的重要贡献。12 other than 除了；绝不是 He has no friend other than you.他除你之外就没有别的朋友了。He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.他除了向我要东西，从不跟我说话。【归纳拓展】none other than 正是for no other reason than that 只是因为 more than 超过；多于；不仅仅；非常l

38、ess than 不足，不到；少于 rather than 而不是 The new arrival is none other than the President.刚来的正是总统。His report is more than a survey.他的报告不只是一份调查。Your brother,rather than you,is to be responsible for it.这件事应该由你的弟弟负责，而不是你。完成句子(1)By serving others,a person focuses on someone（而不是）himself or herself,which can be

39、very eye-opening.(2)The expert is（正是）his younger brother.辨析填空：other than/more than/less than(3)The truth was known to no one herself.(4)She is our teacher；she is also our friend.(5)In three days，she finished all the work，which surprised us greatly.otherthannoneotherthanotherthanlessthanmorethan 重点句式

40、 教材原句Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，据信仅在非洲每年就能挽救 10 万人的生命。1 Sb./Sth.be thought to.某人/某物被认为 A healthy life is usually thought to be related to the open countryside and home-grown food.健康的生活

41、通常被认为与开阔的乡村和土生土长的食物有关。【归纳拓展】be said to.据说 be reported to.据报道 be believed to.据信 be claimed to.据声称 be announced to.据宣布 He is said to work as an editor in a big publishing house.据说他在一家大出版社当编辑。The architect is reported to have won many international awards.据报道，这位建筑师赢得了许多国际奖项。【学法点拨】Sb./Sth.is thought/sai

42、d/reported to do/have done.=It is thought/said/reported that.动词不定式有时态和语态的变化。They are said to have saved quantities of natural resources in this way.=It is said that they have saved quantities of natural resources in this way.据说他们用这种方法节约了大量的自然资源。单句语法填空(1)is thought that the joy of travelling is not i

43、n arriving at your destination but in the journey itself.(2)My family has a vase，which（think）to date back to the Ming Dynasty.完成句子(3)The mayor（据报道）visit our school next week.(4)（普遍认为）a good education is beneficial to young people.(5)An agreement（被宣布已达成）at the end of the meeting.同义句转换(6)It is thought

44、 that the Chinese people started to use paper money earlier than westerners.The Chinese people to use paper money earlier than westerners.ItisthoughtisreportedtoItisgenerallybelievedthatarethoughttostartwasannouncedtohavebeenreached 教材原句They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obt

45、ained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either.然后，他们试着把新鲜的青蒿煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。【句式分析】句中 and 连接前后两个并列的动名词短语 boiling fresh wormwood 和 using the liquid 作宾语，obtained from this 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰 liquid。2 过去分词（短语）作定语 单个的过去分词作定语时，常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，常放在被 修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。I was requested

46、 to carry out a plan supported by most people.=I was requested to carry out a plan which was supported by most people.我被要求执行一个多数人支持的计划。【学法点拨】(1)有些单个的过去分词，在习惯上往往放在被修饰词之后。There is little time left.Lets hurry up.剩余的时间不多了，咱们抓紧吧。(2)过去分词修饰代词时，应放在被修饰词之后。Nothing reported in the newspaper interested him.报纸上没

47、什么报道使他感兴趣。(3)有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置的意义不同。试比较：This is a used car.这是一辆二手汽车。The method used is very efficient.所用的方法很有效。【误区警示】(1)不及物动词：只表示完成，不表示被动。a retired teacher 退休教师fallen leaves 落叶the risen sun 升起的太阳(2)及物动词：表示被动或完成。an honoured guest 一位受尊敬的客人 deeply moved people 深受感动的人们 the broken glass 碎了的杯子 教材原句Upon hear

48、ing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我”【句式分析】“介词 upon+动词-ing 形式”构成介词短语，在句中作时间状语。3 upon 一就 Upon receiving a phone call from his wife saying she had a fall，Mr.Green immediately rushed home from his office.一接到妻子的电话 说她摔了一跤，格林先生就立

49、即从办公室赶回家了。【学法点拨】upon 还可换作介词 on，表示一件事紧接着另一件事而发生。这种用法常见于正式的文体，依据语境，可译作“在的时候；当时；一就”。On arriving at the stadium，the athletes began to work out.一到体育场，运动员们就开始训练。【归纳拓展】用作连词表示“一就”的名词词组：the moment/the instant/the minute/the second+从句 单句语法填空(1)Upon（appear）on the field，the deer was shot by the hunter.(2)his ar

50、rival at his hometown，he went to visit his teachers.完成句子(3)She came to the scene（一听说）the accident.(4)Telephone me（一 就）you make a deal.(5)（一就）you think of giving up，you must think about the great efforts you have made.appearingUpon/Onon/uponhearingofthemoment/theinstant/theminute/thesecondThemoment/Theinstant/Theminute/Thesecond完成“综合练提升能力”中的题目综合练提升能力