2023届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习 写作手册 第一部分 应用文写作 层级一 各司其职的8大句子成分.docx

1、层级一各司其职的8大句子成分句子由各个组成部分构成，这些组成部分叫作句子成分。句子成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语和同位语等。学生只有明白了句子成分，才能真正地理解句子，读懂文章的含义。【美句输入】一、主语句子的主体主语是句子的主体，用于说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者。主语通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词(短语)或从句等充当。2021全国甲卷Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire.(名词短语作主语)2021全国乙卷，书面表达Second, it is wise to take a sho

2、rt break after learning for 30 minutes. (不定式作真正的主语)2021全国乙卷，书面表达Staring at the screen is harmful to our eyes. (v.ing作主语)What attracted me most was that a great many famous artists works were on exhibition. (从句作主语)二、谓语主语的行为谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或特征。1实义动词(短语)可以单独作谓语，有时态、人称和数的变化；2系动词不能单独作谓语，系表结构才可以作谓语；3助动词和情

3、态动词也不能单独作谓语，“助动词/情态动词实义动词”可以作谓语。2021浙江卷6月，写作As far as I know this exhibition will last for a month in the school art gallery.2021新高考卷，读后续写He immediately understood what had happened.2019全国卷，书面表达I can give a brief introduction of these masterpieces from the perspective of a native speaker of China. 2

4、021新高考卷，读后续写Soon, the breakfast was ready, too. (系表结构作谓语)三、宾语动作的对象宾语是动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。可以用作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和从句等。2021新高考卷，读后续写Under the guidance of their father, they took positive actions. (名词作宾语)2020全国卷，书面表达Both students and teachers hope to hold such activities again. (不定式作宾语)2020全国卷，读

5、后续写You may send Bernard popcorn every day.(双宾语)全国卷，书面表达If you are interested in the Chinese folk art, please email me(名词短语作宾语，代词作宾语)四、表语主语的特征表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语(系表结构)，用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。20213月天津卷，书面表达Firstly, Beijing is the capital of China. (名词作表语)2020浙江卷，读后续写Our camera dropped and our lives were in

6、 danger(介词短语作表语)全国卷，书面表达My aim is to let China go to the world and let the world understand China(不定式作表语)北京卷，书面表达Thats why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice(从句作表语)五、定语名词的修饰语定语是用来描述名词的品质与特征的修饰语，它常和名词构成名词短语。单个词作定语时常放在被修饰词之前，而短语和从句作定语时往往放在被修饰词之后。2021新高考卷，读后续写Its such an u

7、nforgettable Mothers Day for me. (形容词作定语)全国卷，书面表达The exhibition will be held in the City Museum located in the north of our city(分词作定语)全国卷，书面表达Every participating team is great and ready for the game.(现在分词作定语)全国卷，书面表达Im a Chinese student who is taking a summer course in London now(从句作定语)六、状语动词、形容词、副

8、词或句子的修饰语状语是用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一种成分。2021新高考卷，读后续写Knowing what they were preparing for, he was greatly surprised. 2021新高考卷，读后续写How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed浙江卷，读后续写Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty2020全国卷，书面表达We began to pick strawberries

9、with caution for fear that some plants were destroyed.七、补足语宾语或主语的补充说明补足语是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。2021新高考卷，读后续写With all preparations done, they started to fry bread together. (过去分词作宾补)2020全国卷，书面表达Ill keep his kindness and help in mind forever.(介词短语作宾补)全国卷，书面表达All in all，my sense of responsibility wil

10、l make me a qualified volunteer(名词作宾补)八、同位语同等重要的修饰语对句子中的名词或代词做进一步解释、说明，与前面的成分在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。We are going to the local nursing home for the coming Double Ninth Festival, a holiday for us to show our respect for the elderly. (名词短语作同位语)2021全国甲卷，书面表达Word came that our school is going to hold a cla

11、ss meeting whose topic is related to Chinese traditional customs. (从句作同位语)【佳句输出】一、用“_”标出下列句子的主语12021全国乙卷，书面表达Online learning itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.22021新高考卷，读后续写The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.32021新高考卷，读后续写Its such an unf

12、orgettable Mothers Day for me.42021浙江卷6月，写作What pleases me most is that their artistic talent is extremely shocking.5To get along well with others is the second thing you should learn.二、用“_”标出下列句子的谓语12021新高考卷，读后续写The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen.2全国卷，书面表达I have good news to tell

13、you that a music festival will be held in our school hall on June 5 at 2 pm.32021全国乙卷It sets out at 8：30 am. and returns at 2：00 pm.4The watch is necessary in our daily life, but its function is too simple and dull.52021全国乙卷Actually, a true ecofriendly trip must meet the following principles.62021全国

14、乙卷That is my view on housework.三、用“_”标出下列句子的宾语1全国卷，书面表达Ive already written the application letter and personal resume.2Suddenly he thought of seeing the beautiful views of the city again before setting out.3浙江卷6月，应用文写作Im sorry to hear that you are going to return to your country very soon.4浙江卷6月，应用文

15、写作I plan to go for an outing, and I would like to invite you to participate.5全国卷，书面表达So I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer.四、用“_”标出下列句子的表语12021全国甲卷，书面表达Chinese knots are a symbol of good luck and best wishes.2Several minutes passed but the whole class was in complete silence.3浙江卷6月，应用

16、文写作At eight on the morning of October 1st, we are to gather at the school gate.4The most important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything youll regret.52020全国卷，书面表达Seeing our fruits of labor were packed and loaded onto the truck, we all felt satisfied.五、用“_”标

17、出下列句子的定语12021全国甲卷，书面表达I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of Chinese traditional culture which are extremely appealing to foreign friends.22020全国卷，书面表达These days，I，together with my classmates，have adapted a short play based on the English text.32020全国卷，书面表达A guide led us to t

18、he strawberry field，where we saw fresh red strawberries.42021全国甲卷The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. 52021新高考卷The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.六、用“_”标出下列句子的状语12021全国乙卷Talking about personal relat

19、ionships, well, Id naturally think of my relationship with my mother.22021全国乙卷During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.3全国卷，书面表达To get a good seat for seeing a film, youd better arrive a bit earlier.七、用“_”标出下列句子的补足语1To learn English well, we sh

20、ould find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.2What you said just now made me angry.32021新高考卷，读后续写Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.4The president appointed John Manager of Marketing.八、用“_”标出下列句子的同位语1北京卷，书面表达Personally，I prefer the tou

21、r along the Yangtze River, the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.2They three want to travel around the world together on foot.3We are going to the local nursing home for the coming Double Ninth Festival, a holiday for us to show our respect for the elderly.层级一各司其职的8大

22、句子成分佳句输出 一、1Online_learning_itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.2The_piece_of_bread in the pan had turned black as well.3Its such an unforgettable Mothers Day for me.4What_pleases_me_most is that their artistic talent is extremely shocking.5To_get_along_well_

23、with_others is the second thing you should learn.二、1The pair went_down the stairs quietly to the kitchen.2I have good news to tell you that a music festival will be held in our school hall on June 5 at 2 pm.3It sets_out at 8：30 am. and returns_at 2：00 pm.4The watch_is_necessary in our daily life, bu

24、t its function is_too_simple_and_dull5Actually, a true ecofriendly trip must_meet_the following principles.6That is_my_view_on housework.三、1Ive already written the_application_letter_and_personal_resume2Suddenly he thought of seeing_the_beautiful_views_of_the_city_again before setting_out3Im sorry t

25、o hear that_you_are_going_to_return_to_your_country_very_soon4I plan to_go_for_an_outing,_and I would like to invite_you to participate.5So I am writing this_letter asking to be a volunteer.四、1Chinese knots are a_symbol_of_good_luck_and_best_wishes2Several minutes passed but the whole class was_in_c

26、omplete_silence3At eight on the morning of October 1st, we are to_gather_at_the_school_gate4The most important thing is to_learn_to_control_your_temper so that you may not do or say anything youll regret.5Seeing our fruits of labor were packed and loaded onto the truck, we all felt satisfied五、1I am

27、writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of Chinese_traditional culture which_are_extremely_appealing_to_foreign_friends.2These days，I，together with my classmates，have adapted a short play based_on_the_English_text3A guide led us to the strawberry field，where_we_saw_fresh_red_strawberr

28、ies4The Xian City Wall is the_most_complete city wall that_has_survived_Chinas_long_history. 5The hot_spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.六、1Talking_about_personal_relationships,_well, Id naturally think of my relationship with my mother.2During_an_interview_

29、for_one_of_my_books,_my interviewer said something I still think about often.3To_get_a_good_seat_for_seeing_a_film,_youd better arrive a bit earlier.七、1To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken_as much as possible.2What you said just now made me angry3Then Jeff notic

30、ed steam shooting_out_of_the_pot and the lid starting_to_shake4The president appointed John Manager_of_Marketing八 、1Personally，I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the_longest_river_and_one_of_the_mother_rivers_of_Chinese_civilization2They_three_want to travel around the world together on foot.3We are going to the local nursing home for the coming Double Ninth Festival，a_holiday_for_us_to_show_our_respect_for_the_elderly