2022版高考英语一轮复习 专题十七 阅读补全（七选五）模拟训练（含解析）.docx

1、专题十七阅读补全(七选五)【5年高考】A组统一命题新高考卷、课标卷题组Passage1主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2021新高考适应卷)Apps(shortforapplications)arebecomingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetheritskeepingfit,communicatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.1Hereswhatyoushouldthinkaboutb

2、eforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.Learnfromdiversesources(notjustapps)Anyseasonedlanguagelearnerwilltellyouthatthebeautyofmasteringaforeignlanguageistheworldwhichitopensuptoyou.Thisisaworldofdiversesources(来源)ofinformation,fromnewspapersandbookstoTV,radio,musicandevenrealpeople.Wouldyoulimity

3、ourselftoonemediuminyournativelanguage?2EstablishyourpurposeandplanyourhabitsDoyouwanttobefluentinweeksorareyouinitforthebraintraining?Thegoodappsaredesignedtohelpyoufityourstudiesaroundyourtimetable.3Theseappsencouragehabitbuilding,becausethesuccessfulformationofahabitensuresyoursafeandregularretur

4、n.Makeitsocial4Imeansocialforreal.IowethespeedofprogressImadeinItaliantothesupportfromJim,mypartnerinstudytime.Findafriendtoaccompanyyou.Takeaneveningclass.Borrowabook.Buyabook.Bookaweekawayandattendalanguageschool.Justdontforgetyourphone!IfImayspeaksincerely,thecombinationofapp,languageschool,Jim,e

5、veningsout,andachoicebookortwoprovedextremelyeffective.5A.Irecommendit.B.Rememberthatanappisjustatool.C.No,Idontmeanpostingyourprogressonline.D.Iencourageyoutouseappsasoftenasyoucan.E.Probablynot,sowhydosoinyournewlanguage?F.Thebestappsadaptthemselvesbaseduponyourbehavior.G.However,youneedtoknowhowt

6、ousethemproperlytoreallybenefit.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境是人与自我。手机应用程序会在日常生活中帮助我们,其中包括学习一门新的语言。本文介绍了在下载学习语言的手机应用程序之前需要思考的几个问题。1.G2.E3.F4.C5.APassage2主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2020新高考)Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.1Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttoliste

7、ntosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooften,whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe “public” attheexpenseofthe “speaking.”2Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymista

8、keistheonewhoisspeaking.Peoplesattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeakersmessage.So,dontstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessitsatrulyseriousone.3Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.4Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathle

9、tespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.5Itsraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.” Ontheotherhand,youprobablycantcountthetimesthatyouvethought,“Imgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!” Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.Itsbettertole

10、aveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdontneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.F.Takethefea

11、routofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.G.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为如何成为一个优秀的演讲者。文章介绍了要想成为优秀演讲者必须掌握的原则。本文有助于学生丰富自我、完善自我。1.G2.A3.C4.B5.DPassage3主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020课标全国)Emoji(表情符号)andWorkplaceCommunicationInAsia,messagingpl

12、atformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.1.Itsbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.Writtencommunicationscanoftenreadascoldanddull.Usingemojiscanaddhumorandfeeling,keepingintentionclear.2,encouragingbetterandmorefrequentcomm

13、unication.Inanygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommongroundincommunicationstylecanbeachallenge.3.Whiletheyoungergenerationsprefertocommunicatevisually,forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail,itmayfeellikealearningcurve(曲线).Thegoodnewsisthatitssimpletolearnand

14、canbeworththeeffort.Thereisalsothematteroftone(语气).Whohasntreceivedanemailsoannoyingthatitruinedanentireday?4.Emojicanhelpcommunicationfeelfriendlier,andevenaseriousnotecanbesoftenedwithanencouragingsmile.5,andemojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcome.Andwhenyouremployeesbeginaddingsmilingemoj

15、istotheirbusinesscommunication,youllknowyouhavesucceededinimprovingyourworkculture.A.MessageswithemojisfeelmoreconversationalB.EvenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendlyC.SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeD.ThepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadinggloballyE.Givingemployeesthetoolsenablesthem

16、tocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplaceG.Aneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatform答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为介绍表情符号与工作场所交流。文章介绍了表情符号的几个优点。本文旨在培养学生的逻辑分析和语言能力。1.D2.A3.G4.B5.FPassage4主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020课标全国)Ahousewarmingpartyisaspe

17、cialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.1Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.2Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantor

18、needfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisntaregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.3Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisntaloto

19、ffoodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.4Housewarmingpartiesgett

20、heirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.5Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddontusefirestokeepwarm.A.Thisisntusualthough.B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D.Ifyoureluckyenoughtoreceivegi

21、fts,keeptheminasafeplace.E.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.答案语篇解读本文是说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为乔迁派对(俗称温居)。文章有助于学生加深对中国传统习俗的了解,并批判性地理解传统文化在当代生活中的传承和发展。 1.E2.B3.C4.A5.

22、GPassage5主题语境:人与自然限时:9分钟(2019课标全国)IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto “gooutandgetsomefreshair.”1Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.2Iftheairyourebreathingiscleanwhichitwouldbeifyoureawayfromthesmogofcitiesthentheairisfilledwith

23、life-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).3Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsout

24、thatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.4Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.5Whilethesunsrayscanageandh

25、armourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialvitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughvitaminDbutstillprotectyourskinputonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthatsplentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbadaysworthofvitaminD.A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Being

26、innaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.答案语篇解读本文体裁为说明文。文章围绕新鲜空气是否对我们有好处这一话题进行阐述。本文侧重培养学

27、生的语言能力。1.E2.A3.G4.C5.DPassage6主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2019课标全国)Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.1Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.2Morethanthat,

28、howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therea

29、retimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.3So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.4Theyalsoneedtobeme

30、asurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcantbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.5Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,somepla

31、nned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstan

32、ces.F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.答案语篇解读本文是说明文。主题语境是人与自我,主题语境内容为认识自我,完善自我。文章从介绍动机和目标开始,告诉我们如何确立正确的动机和目标对我们更有益。本文旨在培养学生科学认识自我、激励自我、辩证看待问题、合理解决问题的能力。1.G2.B3.A4.E5.CPassage7主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2019课标全国)Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatterns

33、ofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.1WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.Dos2Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,read

34、thesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisnthidinginplainsight.Participateindiscussionforums(论坛),blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.3Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.DontsDontsharepersonalinformatio

35、norstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.4Dontopenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.5Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifther

36、eistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessorsprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.A.Thatswhattheyarefor.B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.D.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E.Belowaresomecommondosanddontsforonlinel

37、earners.F.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.答案语篇解读本文体裁为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会交往。文章针对如何与在线课程教授沟通为学生提出了一些建议。本文侧重培养学生的学习能力。1.E2.G3.A4.C5.FPassage8主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2018课标全国)Colorisfundamentalinhomedesignsomethingyoullalwayshave

38、ineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyoulllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthatsfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?1,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechnique

39、stohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.2,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthererereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.3.Theyrethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinterestt

40、oourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.4.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamor

41、epowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryourelookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.5.A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.WhateveryourelookingforC.IfyoureexperimentingwithacolorD.Smallcolorchoice

42、saretheonesweremostfamiliarwithE.ItsnotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了在家居装修时如何选择颜色。只需作出三个决定即可:装饰枕、镜子等小物件的颜色选择;沙发、餐桌等中等物件的颜色选择;墙面、天花板、地板等大物件的颜色选择。1.B2.

43、A3.D4.G5.FPassage9主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2018课标全国)Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.1Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlew

44、hateverisaheadofyoufortheday.2Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.3Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.4Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismorediff

45、iculttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.5Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especially

46、inthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor410hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise

47、,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryouredoingitnow,thenlistenup!答案语篇解读本文为说明文。早上锻炼不仅有利于身体健康,而且还可以提高效率、促进新陈代谢、提高睡眠质量并帮你保持良好的饮食习惯。1.G2.E3.F4.B5.APassage10主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2018课标全国)Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpresseslove

48、andhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.1WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.“Iadoredancing,”saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa. “Icantimaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife.”Bridgesrunsdanc

49、eclassesforallages. “Teachingdanceiswonderful.2Itsgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,itsawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.”3 “Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,” saysBridges. “Theyrelearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.4”So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselv

50、esfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays, “Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.5Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeImalive.”A.Sowhydowedance?B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakes

51、themfeelyoung.E.IkeeppracticingevenwhenImextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。在文中作者首先描述了跳舞在美国的受欢迎程度,接着描述了自己一生为跳舞疯狂的生活。1.B2.D3.A4.F5.EPassage11主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2017课标全国)IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingm

52、ostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.1Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.2Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetot

53、aketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctorsbillformysonsfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.3Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Myn

54、ature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.4Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.5Itmustbetruethatsoonerorl

55、ater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteintere

56、stedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。讲述了作者由讨厌露营到喜欢露营的过程。短文分为三部分:第一部分为第一段,谈及作者三年前对露营的负面看法;第二部分为第二段,描述了作者被说服参加的一次露营经历;第三部分为最后三段,讲述了作者从那之后参加的数次愉快的露营经历以及作者一家人都开始享受露营带来的快乐。1.D2.C3.A4.F5.EPassage12主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2017课标全国)Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwi

57、thwhileyouretryingtogetworkdone.1,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Letstakealookatthemnow.2.Tellthepersonyouresorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyoullfi

58、ndthemthen.3.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.Whenyouneedtotalktosomeone,dontdoitinyourownoffice.4,itsmucheasiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouare.Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.5.Ifsomeoneknocksanditsnotan

59、importantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyourebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thatwhenthedoorisclosed,yourenottobedisturbed.A.Ifyourebusy,dontfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.WhenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatworkC.SetboundariesforyourselfasfarasyourtimegoesD.IfyoureintheotherpersonsofficeorinapublicareaE.It

60、simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyoullbeavailableF.ItmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyouG.Leaveitopenwhenyoureavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyourenot答案语篇解读本文为说明文。本文介绍了在工作中避免被干扰的四种方法:一是直接拒绝打扰者;二是让他人知道你何时有时间;三是去对方办公室或公共区域会见某人;四是学会利用好自己办公室的门。1.B2.A3.E4.D5.GPassage13主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2017课标全国

61、)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorningwake-upliesinresettingyourbodyclock.1Hereshowtomakeone.2Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyitsimportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedf

62、oryourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.3Thatsaquar

63、ter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.IfyouretiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensatingontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.4Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keep

64、trackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryouvetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.5Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.A.Getasleepspecialist.B.Findtherightmotivation.C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.F.Stick

65、toyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.答案语篇解读这是一篇说明文,介绍了制订计划从而可以轻松起床的一些诀窍。短文分为五段:第一段提出许多人感到起床比较困难,指出良好的计划有助于这一问题的解决,引出下文内容;第二段讲起床的诀窍之一是找到合适动机;第三段指出要重新考虑早晨的安排;第四段讲周末应该保持一贯的作息时间;第五段讲作记录并每周进行评估。1.C2.B3.G4.F5.EPassage14主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(201

66、6课标全国)Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.1Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptogr

67、aphy.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.2Forexample,thefirstlettersof “Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage “Meetme.”3Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Letsnumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage “Meetme” wouldread

68、 “135520135.”Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.4Forexample, “bridge”mightstandfor “meet” and “out” mightstandfor “me”.Themessage “Bridgeout” wouldactuallymean “Meetme.”5However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbecha

69、ngedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmight

70、writedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。介绍了密码的用途、历史以及三种密码方式。1.D2.E3.G4.F5.APassage15主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2016课标全国)AgardenthatsjustrightforyouHaveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmospher

71、eofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(总和)ofitsparts?1.Butitdoesnthappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.2Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersare

72、concernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).3.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.Recall(回忆)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.GrandmasrosegardenandDadsve

73、getablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthatsnotwhatsimportant.4howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyoudliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.5.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.A.KnowwhyyougardenB.F

74、indagoodplaceforyourowngardenC.ItsourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD.ItsdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE.StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。介绍

75、了如何种植和经营好自己的花园和菜园。1.F2.A3.E4.C5.GPassage16主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2016课标全国)Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.1Butitseemsthatmanypeopledontcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisntdifficult.2Thiste

76、xtisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.3Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyourestandingattheoceansedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisntfresh.4Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,youdbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudontcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgefor

77、onlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisntastastyasthefreshone.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.5First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,itsreadytoserve.A.Donotbuyit.B.Theeasiesti

78、stosteamit.C.Thisishowyoucandoit.D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小窍门。1.G2.D3.F4.A5.BB组自主命题省(区、市)卷题组Passage1主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2020浙江)Iexperiencedyearsoflonelin

79、essasachild.1Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.2Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5

80、andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildrensbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.3MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboard

81、andbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.4Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特点)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.5Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospend

82、timeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmakingleafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.TheyreallmemoriesItreasuretoday.A.Iwasntaloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Il

83、ovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldntbebotheredtoplaywithme.答案语篇解读本文体裁为记叙文,主题语境是人与自我,主题语境内容是认识自我、丰富自我、完善自我。文章围绕作者的兴趣爱好以及性格的形成与发展这一话题进行阐述。本文侧重促进学生养成良好的兴趣爱好,拥有更好的性格品质。1.G2.D3.A4.F5.EPassage2

84、主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2020北京)Manypeoplethinkthatpositivethinkingismostlyaboutkeepingonesheadinthesandandignoringdailyproblems,tryingtolookoptimistic.Inrealityithasmoretodowiththewayanindividualtalkstohimself.Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson,whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,

85、people,oreventhepersonhimself.1Meanwhile,positivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonanissue.Peoplewhoregularlypractisepositivethinkingtendtosolveproblemsmoreeffectively.Theyarelessexposedtostresscausedbyexternalfactors.Theytendtobelieveinthemselvesandinwhattheydo.2Pe

86、oplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans(寿命),lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety,betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoonesabilitytodealwithproblemsandhardships.3Forexample,researchershavefoundthatinthecaseofacrisisaccompan

87、iedbystrongemotions,suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingcanprovideasortofbuffer(缓冲作用)againstdepressionandanxiety.Resilient(适应性强的)peoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemasachallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasanopportunityforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists,onthecontrary,tendtoperceivepro

88、blemsasasourceofadditionalstress.4Inconclusion,positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofoneslife.Itdoesnthaveanythingtodowithignorantoptimismwhenanindividualrefusestonoticeaproblem.5Thinkinginapositive,self-encouragingwaybringsaboutmanybenefitstoonesp

89、hysicalandmentalhealth.A.Itdoesntcauseanysevereemotionaldiscomfort,either.B.Negativeself-talkdamagesself-confidenceanddecreasesself-respect.C.Ithelpsonetoremainclear-headedandconfidentindifficultsituations.D.Positivethinkinghasseveralbeneficialeffectsonthebodyandthemind.E.Asthinkingchanges,anindivid

90、ualsbehaviourandhabitschangeaswell.F.Theyoftenofferarealalternativetothecommonandregularwayofthinking.G.Theyoftenfeeldiscouragedlongbeforetryingtosolvetheproblem,evenifsmall.答案语篇解读本文是说明文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为积极思考。文章介绍了积极思考对人的好处。本文侧重培养学生的思维品质。1.B2.D3.C4.G5.APassage3主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2019浙江)Rockmusicconsist

91、sofmanydifferentstyles.Eventhoughthereisacommonspiritamongallmusicgroups,theymakeverydifferentmusic.1AtthattimetheBeatlesenteredtheworldofmusicfromLiverpool.AftertheyweregivenaninvitationtoappearliveonBBC,theBeatlesquicklybecamefamousinBritainwithnationwidetours.Bymid-1963,theBeatleshadbeenextremely

92、popularinEngland.2Theyheldlargeconcertsandperformedatclubs.TheybecamethehottestthingonthepopmusicsceneinEngland.Theybeganasamodestlysuccessfulmusiciangroupandendedtheyearasshowbusinesslegends(传说).JohnLennonandPaulMcCartneywerenamedcomposersoftheyear.3TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreacttothenewt

93、ypeofmusic.BeatlemaniahitNewYorkonFebruary7,1964.Hundredsoffansjammedtheairporttogreetthem.4Theconcertwasbroadcastliveandattractedthelargestonenightaudienceinthehistoryoftelevisionuptothattime.TheBeatlesweredescribedasaBritishinvasion(入侵)bylocalandnationwidenewspapersatthattime.TheirvictoryinAmerica

94、wasstillrememberedasamajorturningpointinthehistoryofrockandroll.ThankstotheBeatles,alotofopportunitieswereopeneduptonewfacesonthemarket.5A.TheydecidedonatourtotheUnitedStatesin1964.B.Eventheirhairstylesbecamemajortrendsatthattime.C.Rockmusicdevelopedinthe1950sandtheearly1960s.D.However,theirsongscha

95、ngedthelivesofgenerationstocome.E.ManyrockbandswereabletofollowinthefootstepsoftheBeatles.F.TheyappearedinthefilmsAHardDaysNight(1964)andHelp!(1965).G.TheyperformedtheirfirstconcertinAmericaatCBStelevisions53rdstreetstudio.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容是音乐发展。文章的主要内容是甲壳虫乐队的发展、在美国的巡演以及对美国音乐的影响。文章侧重于培

96、养学生的文化意识。1.C2.B3.A4.G5.EPassage4主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2019北京)Muchoftheworkintodaysworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.1Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?2Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballan

97、dbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteamsperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisntevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteams

98、performance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.3Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereisto

99、omuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteamsperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamspor

100、tsareoftentold,“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”4Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.5AnA-teammayrequireabalancenotjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.Itsnotasimple

101、mattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.C.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchersattention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamte

102、amismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.答案语篇解读本文为议论文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为体育精神。本文主要讨论了一个团队是否需要很多有天赋的个人加入。文章有助于培养学生的思维品质。1.B2.E3.G4.D5.FPassage5主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2018浙江)Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Of

103、course,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptedandvaluablepartofyournewneighborhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.1Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andingoodrepair.2Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsid

104、eofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk,takealongasmallgarbagebag.3Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.4Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifane

105、ighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowthatyouaretheretohelpinanywaythatisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.5Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybeco

106、meagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciates.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrow

107、noutofapassingcar,pickitup.F.Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。搬了新家有了新邻居,想要邻居喜欢你吗?按照文章中作者提供的建议尝试一下吧!1.G2.F3.E4.B5.CPassage6主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2018北京)WhyDoWeGetAngry?Angerseemssimplewhenwea

108、refeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering(触发)events,personalitytraits(特征),andourassessmentofsituations.1Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herea

109、resomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.2Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoonespersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconn

110、ectwithcompetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.3Also,sometimespre-angerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.4Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbecomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消极的)outloo

111、ksonsituationscancreateanger.5However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbycomprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.A.Ourattitudeandviewpointons

112、ituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.E.Havingthesepersonalitytrai

113、tsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章从三个方面向读者介绍了引起愤怒的原

114、因,以帮助减少愤怒的出现。1.F2.G3.E4.A5.DPassage7主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2017浙江)HowtoDoMan-on-the-StreetInterviewsTheman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.1Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy.Whenyourbossorprofess

115、orsendsyououttodoman-on-the-streetinterviewsforastory,thinkaboutthetopicanddevelopalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit.Forexample,ifyourtopicisaboutenvironmentalproblemsinAmerica,youmightask,“WhydoyouthinkenvironmentalprotectionisimportantinAmerica?”2Hitthestreetswithconfidence.3Say,“Excuseme

116、,IworkforXYZNews,andIwaswonderingifyoucouldshareyouropinionaboutthistopic.”Thisisaquickwaytogetpeopletowarmuptoyou.Moveontothenextpersonifsomeonetellsyousheisnotinterestedintalkingoncamera.Dontgetdiscouraged.4Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldntbelongerthantenminutes.Assoonasyougettheansweryou

117、need,moveontothenextperson.Makesurethatasyougofrominterviewtointerview,youaregettingavarietyofanswers.Ifeveryoneisgivingyouthesameanswer,youwontbeabletouseit.Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten.5Ifyournewsstationorschoolrequiresintervieweestosignreleaseformstoappearontheair,dontleavework

118、withoutthem.A.Limityourtime.B.Asyouapproachpeople,bepolite.C.Ifyoudontownacamera,youcanbuyone.D.Fornewreporters,thiscanseemlikeachallengingtask.E.Togetgoodandusefulresults,askthemthesamequestion.F.Thatnumberofinterviewsshouldgiveyoualltheanswersyouneed.G.Withaquestionlikethis,youwillgetmorethana “Ye

119、s” or “No” reply.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章就“如何做好街头采访”给出了一些建议。1.D2.G3.B4.A5.FPassage8主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2017北京)Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.1Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.2Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecorded

120、byreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.3Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthat

121、heisright.4Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononistheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanightssleep,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformationourbrainsmay

122、havesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.5“Youkeepwhatmatters,” Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.Itsasifthebrainispres

123、ervingitsmostimportantmemories.C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.D.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.E.Thatswhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.F.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,” saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheid

124、ea.G.Tononisteammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。研究表明,睡眠期间脑细胞之间的关联会减弱,从而使大脑为新的记忆腾出空间,但是对于重要的记忆,大脑则会对其加以保护。1.C2.E3.F4.G5.BPassage9主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2016北京)TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightherisk

125、andthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.1Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.2Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfr

126、omonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyarentwealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstille

127、xiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.3Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.4Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleran

128、ceforriskaswell.5Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,wellcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.B.Thosearether

129、isksyoushouldjumptotake.C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G.Newbrainresear

130、chsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.答案语篇解读本文为议论文。文章就寻求风险展开了议论。1.F2.C3.A4.E5.G教师专用题组【5年高考】Passage1(2017课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorningwake-upliesinresettingyourbo

131、dyclock.1Hereshowtomakeone.2Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyitsimportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwh

132、yyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.3Thatsaquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.IfyouretiredoutbyFridaynig

133、ht,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensatingontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.4Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryouvetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.5Ifnot,takeanotherlookatotherm

134、ethodsyoucouldtry.A.Getasleepspecialist.B.Findtherightmotivation.C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.答案语篇解读这是一篇说明文,介绍了制订计划从

135、而可以轻松起床的一些诀窍。短文分为五段:第一段提出许多人感到起床比较困难,指出良好的计划有助于这一问题的解决,引出下文内容;第二段讲起床的诀窍之一是找到合适动机;第三段指出要重新考虑早晨的安排;第四段讲周末应该保持一贯的作息时间;第五段讲做记录并每周进行评估。1.C过渡句。本题前面的内容说许多人感到早上起床困难,将之归咎于闹钟,事实上轻松早起的关键在于重新设定你的生物钟。后面说如何制订一个(计划)。由此可以判断,C项Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.符合题意。2.B主旨句。本题位于第二段段首。后面说,为了改变,你需要决定它为什么重要。及时起床是为了与家人一起吃早饭?锻炼身体

136、?还是做好一天的安排?一旦明确了原因,就告诉家人或室友你想要作出的变化。由此可知,本段的关键词是早起的原因或动机。B项Findtherightmotivation.是对本段内容最好的概括。3.G细节句。本题位于第三段中。后一句说如果你买一台带定时器的咖啡机,你就会多出一刻钟的睡觉时间。G项意为“重新考虑你在咖啡馆排队买咖啡时所花的15分钟时间。”,与后一句完全契合。4.F细节句。本题所在段落讲的是周末应该保持一贯的作息时间。F项意为“无论哪一天,都坚持固定的睡觉和醒来时间。”,符合语境。故正确选项为F。5.E过渡句。本题在段落中间。前一句说新方法试用一周之后,要看一看你的记录。后一句说如果不行

137、,再看一看你可以尝试的别的方法。由此可以判断,E项符合语境。Passage2(2016课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AgardenthatsjustrightforyouHaveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(总和)ofitsparts?1.Butitdoesnthappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyours

138、elfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.2Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).3.However,thereareanumberofotherreaso

139、nsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.Recall(回忆)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.GrandmasrosegardenandDadsvegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthatsnotwhatsimportant.4howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyoudliketobuildapowerful

140、bondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.5.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.A.KnowwhyyougardenB.FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC.ItsourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD.ItsdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE.Sti

141、llothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何种植和经营好自己的花园和菜园。1.F过渡句。上句提到了氛围,F项中thatkindofmagicalquality指代上句中的内容,故选F项。2.A主旨句。本段列举了一些人的观点之后,提到otherreasonsthatmig

142、htexplainwhyyouwanttogarden,由此可以推断出本段的主旨就是:你要知道自己为什么要种植花木。3.E细节句。根据本段中的Somepeoplemaythinkthat.Othersareconcernedabout.可推断出此处应该是:Stillothersmay.。4.C过渡句。上句提到:但是那并不重要。本句应为:重要的是我们自己种植花木的经历。matters=isimportant,故选C项。5.G过渡句。上句提到:通过花费时间回想你青年时期的园子开始吧。本句应为:为记忆中的每一个园子,写下你最深刻的记忆。引出下文:然后走出去,制订一个计划把你小时候的记忆转化为你成年后

143、的园子。Passage3(2016课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.1Butitseemsthatmanypeopledontcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisntdifficult.2Thistextis

144、abouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.3Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyourestandingattheoceansedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisntfresh.4Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,youdbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudontcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonly

145、adayortwo.Frozenfishisntastastyasthefreshone.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.5First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,itsreadytoserve.A.Donotbuyit.B.Theeasiestistos

146、teamit.C.Thisishowyoucandoit.D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小窍门。1.G细节句。上句提到吃鱼对人的健康有益,本句是对上句的解释说明,G项符合语境,意为“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病。”2.D细节句。上句指出:购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。本句承

147、接上句,D项符合语境,意为“它只需要一点儿知识”。3.F主旨句。下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味,由此可判断F项为主题句,意为“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道”。4.A细节句。上句指出有腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜,本句承接上句,指出不要购买这样的鱼,故A项正确。5.B过渡句。上文指出做鱼的方法有很多种,根据下文出现的steam可知此处讲述了清蒸的方法,故B项正确,意为“最简单的方法就是清蒸”。Passage4(2015课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisale

148、arnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.1Trustisarisk.Butyoucantbesuccessfulwhentheresalackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,weveallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwevebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearediff

149、erentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycanttrustanymore.2Itsunderstandable,butifyourewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.3Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.4Ifyouvebeenbet

150、rayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Buttheresadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,wellhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.Youdidntlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillh

151、aveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.5Instead,itsahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.Theyvebeentoobadlyhurtand

152、theycantbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesntmeanyoureignoringwhathappened.答案语篇解读人和人之间需要相互信任,赢得别人的信任并不是一件容易的事。我们也曾在某个特定的关系群中失去了对别人的信任,成了背叛的受害者。如何重新在这个关系群中建立起那份信任呢?本文给出了几条建议。1.B第一段阐述了什么是“信任”。空格前说Trustisalea

153、rnedbehavior.,空格后说Trustisarisk.由此推断出选B项。2.E空格前列举了遭遇背叛的几种情况:被偷、被撒谎、被误导、被欺骗,这些事情的发生使人们受到了深深的伤害,他们不能容忍它再次发生。故选E项。3.A根据后面句子中的Havingconfidenceinyourself可知此处作者建议:学会真正信任你自己。故选A项。4.C根据后面句子中的youarethevictim和beingavictim以及a “victimmentality”可知此处作者的建议是:不要再把自己当成一个受害者。故选C项。5.G空格前作者建议:不要从绝望的角度看局面,而要感激你生活中所有的好的方面。

154、空格后作者说:这是一种健康的方式。由此推断出此处答案为G项:看到事情积极的方面并不意味着你在忽视已经发生的事情。Passage5(2015课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.1,buythebest-fitting,best-builtrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyo

155、uorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.2.Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminute

156、slongereachday.3,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.4.Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.5.Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter,youcansetupatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.A.AftersixdaysB.ForagoodmarathonrunnerC.Beforeyoubeginyourtrainin

157、gD.Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmileE.Iftheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthemF.TimespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingG.Nowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime答案语篇解读本文介绍了马拉松训练需要认真的准备和稳定、渐进的过程。1.C根据第二段中的Duringthefirstweek可知这里是指训练前的准备工作,故选C。评析这是一篇以时间为线索的逻辑性很强的短

158、文。根据下文的时间状语Duringthefirstweek 和 Aftertwoweeks 可知,这里是指开始训练前。2.E设空处与其前一句是顺承关系,故选E。3.A根据上文Duringthefirstweek 和下文 takeadayofftorest 可知,一周七天里训练六天后休息一天是明智的,故选A。4.D根据本段第一句中的Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance 和第二个But可知,这里要考虑距离的问题了,故选D。5.G设空处对上文进行总结,根据下文的timetable和设空处前两句话可知,这里是增加距离和设定时间的目标。故选G。Passag

159、e6(2015北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThisWaytoDreamlandDaydreamingmeanspeoplethinkaboutsomethingpleasant,especiallywhenthismakesthemforgetwhattheyshouldbedoing.Daydreamershaveabadreputationforbeingunawareofwhatshappeningaroundthem.Theycanseemforgetfulandclumsy.1Theyannoyusbecausethey

160、seemtobeignoringusandmissingtheimportantthings.Butdaydreamersarealsoresponsibleforsomeofthegreatestideasandachievementsinhumanhistory.2Canyouimaginewhatkindofworldwewouldhavewithoutsuchideasandinventions?Sohowcanyoucomeupwithbrilliantdaydreamsandavoidfallingovertreerootsorotherwiselookinglikeafool?F

161、irst,understandthatsomeopportunities(机会)fordaydreamingarebetterthanothers.Feelingsafeandrelaxedwillhelpyoutoslipintodaydreams.3Andifyouwanttoimproveyourchancesofhavingacreativeideawhileyouredaydreaming,trytodoitwhileyouareinvolvedinanothertaskpreferablysomethingsimple,liketakingashowerorwalking,orev

162、enmakingmeaninglessdrawings.Itsalsoimportanttoknowhowtoavoiddaydreamsforthosetimeswhenyoureallyneedtoconcentrate.“Mindfulness”,beingfocused,isatoolthatsomepeopleusetoavoidfallingasleep.4Finally,youneverknowwhatwonderfulideamightstrikewhileyourmindhasmovedslowlyaway.5Alwaysrememberthatyourbestideasmi

163、ghtcomewhenyourheadisactuallyintheclouds.A.Havinginterestingthingstothinkaboutalsohelps.B.Theystareoffintospaceandwanderbythemselves.C.Withoutwanderingminds,wewouldnthaverelativity,CokeorPost-itnotes.D.Atonetime,daydreamingwasthoughttobeacauseofsomementalillnesses.E.Itinvolvesslow,steadybreathingfor

164、self-controlthathelpspeoplestaycalmandattentive.F.Daydreamsareoftenverysimpleanddirect,quiteunlikesleepdreams,whichmaybehardtounderstand.G.Therefore,itsagoodideatokeepanotebookorvoicerecordernearbywhenyoureinthedaydreamzone.答案语篇解读文章介绍了做白日梦的人有时健忘、笨拙,但是伟大的思想和成就是和白日梦分不开的。1.B由前句和后句可知该句在描述做白日梦的人的情况。故选B项。

165、2.C由前句的表述可知在人类历史上一些伟大的想法和辉煌的成就是由那些爱做白日梦的人带来的。C项中的relativity(相对论),Coke和Post-itnotes是列举的一些伟大想法和成就,故C项符合此处语境。3.A由前文可知本段在讲述如何做巧妙的白日梦,故选A项。4.E第五段叙述了在人们需要集中注意力时,如何避免做白日梦。由E项中的关键词attentive(专注的)可知选E项。5.G文章第六段第一句与G项为因果关系。Passage7(2014课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetb

166、eeninvented.1Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.1.CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.2Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”andthentrythemout.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?2.C

167、reativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.3Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.3.InterpersonalSkillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.We

168、knowwhatsgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.4“Whydoyouthinkshescrying?”“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”4.SelfExpression5Therearemanywaystoexpresst

169、houghtsandideasmusic,acting,drawing,building,photography.Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.B.Andwecantforgetscienceeducation.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdontyetexist?E.Gardeningisanoth

170、ergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.F.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories.G.Beingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主要讲述了如何培养孩子们最优秀的技能以满足未来新出现的职业需要。1.D根据空格后面的Byhelping.可知该空应该是针对方式的提问,故选D项。2.A由下文可知A项内容符合此处语境。3.C由上下文语境中的“new”“different

171、”及“materials”可知答案。4.F空格后是三个连续的问题,F项中的“askquestions”与之照应。5.G空格后面一句话中的expressthoughtsandideas与G项中的communicateideas照应。Passage8(2014课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforCookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledontcookmoreoften:ability,money,andtime.1Money

172、isatopicIllsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule:1.Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenImalreadyhungryandtheresnothingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhaveti

173、metocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready?22.Makeyourtimeworthit.Whenyoudofindtimetocookameal,makethemostofitandsaveyourselftimelateron.Areyoumakingoneloafofbread?3Ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething.Sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal.3.4Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsf

174、ormakingcookingworthyourtimeisexperimentation.Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipesthatcanworkwellwithyourappetiteandschedule.Themoreyoulearnandthemoreyoutry,themoreabilityyouhavetotakecontrolofyourfoodandyourschedule.Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.5Anddontletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrom

175、makingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.Makethreeorfourinstead.D.Understandyourfoodbetter.E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材是介绍说明类。紧张的生活节奏

176、并不妨碍你为自己或家人做上一顿可口的饭菜,看看作者为我们提供的建议吧。1.B上文提到三个不常做饭的理由:能力、钱和时间。下文提到钱是下一个话题,这里主要谈论如何利用花费在烹饪上的时间,故答案选B(能力是容易改进的)。2.G该段建议提前做出烹饪计划,故答案选G(提前一点制订计划会省去很多后面的工作)。3.C根据下文“花费几乎相同的时间来制作更多食物”可推断出,这里指把制作一条面包改为制作三到四条面包。4.A根据下文Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipes.可推断出,本空应选A(尝试新事物)。5.F根据下文“不要让繁忙的日程妨碍你在饮食和生活方式

177、上做出美好的改变”可推断出,答案选F(让烹饪和生活仅仅是快乐而非负担)。Passage9(2014北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EvaluatingSources(来源)ofHealthInformationMakinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthinformation.Reason

178、ableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinion,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.1Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,andde

179、terminewhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.2Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehavior “contributesto” oris “associatedwith” anoutcome;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult.3Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.Useyourc

180、ommonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.4Evaluate “scientific” statementscarefully,andbeawareofquackery(江湖骗术).5Friendsandfamilymemberscanbeagreatsourceofideasandinspiration,buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus.D

181、evelopingtheabilitytoevaluatereasonablyandindependentlyabouthealthproblemswillserveyouwellthroughoutyourlife.A.Makechoicesthatarerightforyou.B.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.C.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.D.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.E.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsa

182、ndpublichealthadvice.F.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthorspointofview.G.Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefromcommonsources.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。作者针对如何识别正确的健康信息提供了一些建议。1.G根据文章第二段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建议,因此本空引出了下文的多个建议,故选择G项。2.D根据第二段的第一句“Goto

183、theoriginalsource.”可以看出D选项“Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.”与第二段内容匹配。3.F根据第三段第一句“Watchformisleadinglanguage.”可以看出F项“Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplained.”与本段内容匹配。4.B空格处前一句中出现的advertisements与B项中的ad对应,因此选择B项。5.A空格后的“.thatworksforus.”与A项“Makechoicesthatarerightforyou.”对应,故选择A项

184、。Passage10(2014辽宁)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eyesightplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Everywakingmoment,theeyesareworkingtoseetheworldaroundus.OverfortypercentofAmericansworryaboutlosingeyesight,butitseasytoincludestepsintoourdailylifetoensurehealthyeyes.Herearefivesuggestionsfora

185、lifetimeofhealthyeyesight:Scheduleyearlyexams.1Expertsadviseparentstobringbabies6to12monthsofagetothedoctorforacarefulcheck.Thegoodnewsisthatmillionsofchildrennowcanhaveyearlyeyeexamsandfollowingtreatment,includingeyeglasses.ProtectagainstUVrays(紫外线).Long-termstayinthesuncreatesrisktoyoureyes.Nomatt

186、erwhattheseasonis,itsextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses.2Giveyoureyesabreak.Two-thirdsofAmericansspenduptosevenhoursadayusingcomputersorotherdigitalproducts.3Expertsrecommendthatpeoplepracticethe20/20/20rule:every20minutes,takea20-secondbreakandlookatsomething20feetaway.4Aspartofahealthydiet,eatmore

187、fruitsandvegetableseachday.Vitamins(维生素)CandEhelpprotecteyesightandpromoteeyehealth.Practicesafewearandcareofcontactlenses(隐形眼镜).ManyAmericansusecontactlensestoimprovetheireyesight.Whilesomefollowthemedicalguidanceforwearingcontactlenses,manyarebreakingtherulesandputtingtheireyesightatrisk.5Otherwis

188、e,youmayhaveproblemssuchasredeyes,painintheeyes,oramoreseriouscondition.A.Eatyourgreens.B.Eyecareshouldbeginearlyinlife.C.Theycanproperlyprotectyoureyes.D.Stayingoodshapebytakingmorevitamins.E.Parentsusuallydontcareabouttheirowneyesight.F.Alwaysfollowthedoctorsadviceforappropriatewear.G.Thisfrequent

189、eyeactivityincreasestheriskforeyetiredness.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。文章主要给出了五种拥有健康视力的建议。1.B根据上文Scheduleyearlyexams.和下文Expertsadviseparentstobringbabies6to12monthsofage.及选项中的Eyecare和earlyinlife可知选B项。2.C戴太阳镜预防紫外线,它们可以适当地保护你的眼睛。本句是对上文的总结概括。3.G三分之二的美国人一天会花费多达7小时的时间来使用电脑或其他数码产品。这种频繁的眼部活动会提高眼睛疲劳的风险。根据句意应选择G项。4.AEatyou

190、rgreens.吃出绿色。下文均与饮食有关,所以选A项。5.F上下文均与戴隐形眼镜有关,所以选择含有关键词wear的选项。medicalguidance和doctorsadvice也互为暗示。Passage11(2013辽宁)ForgivenessToforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisinglybenefi

191、cialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.1Trythefollowingsteps:Calmyourself.2Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Dontwaitforanapology.Manytimest

192、hepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdontseethingsthesameway.3Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender(冒犯者).Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.Ins

193、teadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.4Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffenderspointofview.Dontforgettoforgiveyourself.5Butitcanrobyouofyourself-co

194、nfidenceifyoudontdoit.A.Whyshouldyouforgive?B.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?C.Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.D.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffendersangle.E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F.Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.G.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,y

195、oucouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主要向读者介绍了如何开始宽恕别人或自己的方法。1.B第一段说明了宽恕的意义,该空格后的各段说明了宽恕的具体方法,由此可推断该空格处应为一承上启下的过渡句,故选B项。2.F根据段落中心句Calmyourself.和下文的关键信息thinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure可确定答案。3.G根据关键词apology可迅速确定答案。4.D根据关键信息writealettertoyourselffromyouroffenderspointofview可确定答案。5.E根据段落中心句

196、Dontforgettoforgiveyourself.中的关键信息forgiveyourself可确定答案。Passage12(2013课标)Businessistheorganizedapproachtoprovidingcustomerswiththegoodsandservicestheywant.Thewordbusinessalsoreferstoanorganizationthatprovidesthesegoodsandservices.Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit(利润)thatis,theyaimtoachieveincomethatism

197、orethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.1Commonlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.2Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning,direction,andcontroloftheoperationsofabusiness.3Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoprod

198、uction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.4Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofworkinalldepartments.Directionisconcernedprimarilywithsupervision(监管)andguidancebythemanagementinauthority.5A.Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstocompareactualworkwiththesetsta

199、ndardsforwork.B.Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessesincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicatio

200、nofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.G.Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为社会与热点。本文介绍什么是商业及商业管理。1.D上文谈盈利,下文与其相反,谈非盈利,所以表示转折。2.C紧跟上文举例说明。3.G由下文中的Oneis.Thethirdrelates.可知G项符合。4.E上面说的是Oneis.下面说的是Thethird.,那么这里应该是第二。5.A

201、由本段开头中的planning,direction,andcontrolof.及后面内容中对planning,direction的说明可知A项符合。高级词块withrespectto关于,涉及beconcernedwith与有关联长难句Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit(利润)thatis,theyaimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.大多数行业追求利润也就是说,他们的目的是获得比经营商业的成本要多的收入。thatis意为:即,用来解释说明。income之后的thatismore

202、.是定语从句。Passage13(2013课标)PublicSpeakingTrainingGetacoach1,sogethelp.Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses,herearesomethingstolookforwhendecidingthetrainingthatsrightforyou.FocusonpositivesAnytrainingyoudotobecomemoreeffectiveatpublicspeakingshou

203、ldalwaysfocusonthepositiveaspectsofwhatyoualreadydowell.Nothingcanhurtconfidencemorethanbeingtoldthatyouarentdoingwell.2,sogoodpublicspeakingtrainingshoulddevelopthoseinsteadoftellingyouwhatyoushouldntdo.3Ifyoufindapublicspeakingcoursethatlooksasthoughitsgoingtogiveyoulotsofdosanddonts,walkaway!Your

204、brainissofullofwhatyouregoingtobetalkingabout.4.Asfaraswereconcerned,therearebasicallynohardandfastrulesaboutpublicspeaking.Youraudiencecanbeyourfriends.YouareaspecialpersonnotacloneMostimportantly,goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits.5.Yourtrainingcoursesh

205、ouldhelpyoubringoutyourpersonality,nottrytoturnyouintosomeoneyourenot.A.YouarentlikeanybodyelseB.YoualreadydolotsofthingswellC.TurnyourbackontoomanyrulesD.ChecktherulesaboutdosanddontsE.Whateverthepresentation,publicspeakingistoughF.TheonethingyoudontwantisforthemtofallasleepG.Sotryingtoforceawholes

206、etofrulesintoitwilljustmakethingsworse答案语篇解读本文为应用文,题材是兴趣与爱好。当着众多的听众讲话是一件很困难的事,那就参加培训班吧。究竟什么样的培训班好呢?本文给出了答案。1.E根据逗号后的sogethelp可推断出该句应该是表达:publicspeaking是困难的,因此要得到帮助。2.B根据后面一句话的表达:好的公共演讲培训应该帮你发扬你做得好的东西,而不是告诉你不该去做什么。由此推断出答案为B项:你已经把很多事情做得很好了。3.C根据该段中的walkaway可以推断出作者让我们对这样的培训班断然拒绝,故选C项:拒绝太多的规则。4.G前一句话说:你

207、的脑子里已经装满了你要讲的东西,因此再试图把一整套规则强行塞进去会使得情况更加糟糕。故选G项。5.A根据下句话中的bringoutyourpersonality可以推断出此处表达:你和别人不一样。故选A项。高级词块focuson专注于positiveaspect积极方面长难句Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses,herearesomethingstolookforwhendecidingthetrainingthatsrightforyou.因为

208、大约有10亿家公司都准备给你提供公共演讲的培训与课程, 以下是当你决定适合你的培训时要关注的事项。本句为复合句。since 引导原因状语从句, 主句中when引导时间状语从句,that 引导定语从句。Passage14(2013北京)UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.1Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonf

209、armsorintinyrural(乡村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistoryasocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.Britainwasonlythebeginning.2Theprocessofurbanizationthemigration(迁徙)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecitywastheresultofmoder

210、nization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1900,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.3Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeople

211、onfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.4Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.

212、Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.5Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeoples

213、houldbeconsidered.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为社会与热点,主要讲述了城市化的进程。1.E第一段主要讲

214、述了在过去城市非常少,大多数人都是住在农场或乡村里,根据主旨可知应选择E项。2.D空格前一句中的beginning与D项中的Soon相对应,英国只是个开始,之后一些其他的国家也开始成为城市化的社会,故选择D项。3.B空格所在的段落通过列举数据来体现现在城市化的扩大,绝大多数的美国人住在城市里,少部分住在农场里,因此此空说明剩下的人居住在何地,故选择B项。4.A此空之前在阐述过去城市不可能大的原因,因此A项与前面的意思对应。5.F空格前一句阐述工业革命打破了此前城市和乡村的这种平衡,因此空格处是对前一句内容的进一步阐述,因此选择F项。Passage15(2012辽宁)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项

215、中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMakeFriendsFriendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphasmanybenefits.Itofferscompanionship,improvesself-worthandpromotesgoodhealth.Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suc

216、hchangesoftenleaveuswithoutafriend.1Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.Belowaresomehelpfulsuggestionsonhowtomakeandkeepfriends.1.Associatewithothers.Thefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeople.Youcangotopublicplacestomeetnewpeople.Besides,youwillneedtomakeyourselfknown

217、bybecominganactivememberofsuchplaces.2.Startaconversation.Startingaconversationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.2Youcanalwaysstarttheconversation.Beingabletomakesmalltalkisaveryusefulskillinrelatingwithotherpeople.3.3Choosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinbuildingfriendshipasth

218、eseinterestswouldalwaysbringyouandyourfriendtogether.Hangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperience.4.Letitgrow.Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.4Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownatur

219、ally.5.Enjoyyourfriendship.Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.5Trynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou.A.Becheerful.B.Dothingstogether.C.Donotwaittobespokento.D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.E.Makingn

220、ewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了“如何交朋友”。1.E细节理解题。根据下文“但是对于我们很多人来说这个过程艰难而且需要勇气”得出上文:对于某些人来说结交新朋友容易。2.C细节理解题。根据下文:你可以总是开始谈话。选出上文:不要等着人家跟你说话。3.B主旨大意题。根据其后一段的大意可归纳出“Dothingstogether”为本段小标题。4.G细节

221、理解题。根据本段大意:最好的友谊应该是自然增长的,所以要给朋友时间来对你作出反应,不要操之过急。5.D细节理解题。根据句式Trynottodo.选择D,不要对朋友挑剔。findfaultwithsb.对某人挑剔。Passage16(2012北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EmpathyLastyear,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganreportedthatempathy,theabilitytounderstandotherpeople,amongcollegestudentshaddro

222、ppedsharplyoverthepast10years.1Today,peoplespendmoretimealoneandarelesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs.JenniferFreed,aco-directorofateenprogram,hasanotherexplanation.TurnontheTV,andyoureshoweredwithnewsandrealityshowsfullofpeoplefighting,competing,andgenerallytreatingoneanotherwithnorespect.2Therearegood

223、reasonsnottofollowthosebadexamples.Humansaresociallyrelatedbynature.3Researchershavealsofoundthatempatheticteenagersaremorelikelytohavehighself-respect.Besides,empathycanbeacureforloneliness,sadness,anxiety,andfear.Empathyisalsoanindicationofagoodleader.Infact,Freedsays,manytopcompaniesreportthatemp

224、athyisoneofthemostimportantthingstheylookforinnewmanagers.4“Academicsareimportant.Butifyoudonthaveemotional(情感的)intelligence,youwontbeassuccessfulinworkorinyourlovelife,”shesays.WhatsthebestwaytoupyourEQ(情商)?Forstarters,letdownyourguardandreallylistentoothers.5Toreallydevelopempathy,youdbettervolunt

225、eeratanursinghomeorahospital,joinacluborateamthathasadiversemembership,havea “sharingcircle”withyourfamily,orspendtimecaringforpetsatananimalshelter.A.Everyoneisdifferent,andlevelsofempathydifferfrompersontoperson.B.Thatcouldbebecausesomanypeoplehavereplacedfacetimewithscreentime,theresearcherssaid.

226、C.“Onedoesntdevelopempathybyhavingalotofopinionsanddoingalotoftalking,”Freedsays.D.Humanslearnbyexampleandmostoftheexamplesonitareanythingbutempathetic.E.Empathyisamatteroflearninghowtounderstandsomeoneelsebothwhattheythinkandhowtheyfeel.F.Goodsocialskillsincludingempathyareakindof “emotionalintelli

227、gence”thatwillhelpyousucceedinmanyareasoflife.G.Havingrelationshipswithotherpeopleisanimportantpartofbeinghumanandhavingempathyisdecisivetothoserelationships.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为科普知识类。研究人员发现大学生“心意相通”这一能力在最近的10年里急剧下降,文章向我们介绍了是什么导致了这一能力的下降以及如何提高这种能力。1.B此空前一句指出“心意相通”这一能力在最近的10年里急剧下降,后一句应解释下降的原因,因此选择B项。B项的主

228、语that指代前一句所述现象,空格前一句的researchers与B项中的theresearcherssaid相呼应。2.D第二段阐述了“心意相通”能力下降的另一个解释,此空前一句列举了几个例子fighting,competing,treatingoneanotherwithnorespect,这与D项中的examples相呼应。此外第三段第一句话中的thosebadexamples也与D项中的examples相呼应,故选择D项。3.G第三段列举了一些对“心意相通”有利的现象,此空前一句中的Humans与G项的beinghuman相呼应,另外前一句中的related与G项中的relations

229、hips相呼应,故选择G项。4.F此空后面的emotionalintelligence和successful与F项中的emotionalintelligence和succeed相呼应,故选择F项。5.C此空前一句提到listentoothers倾听他人说话(可以提高情商),C项中讲到你就只顾自己说话(不听别人的倾诉)则不会提高“心意相通”这个能力,因此选择C项符合上下文之间的关联。Passage17(2011课标全国)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MoneyMattersParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunders

230、tandmoney.1Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.1.ThebasicfunctionofmoneyBeginexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.Itisimportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethingshewantstohave.Ifhewantstoha

231、veatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier(收银员).2Whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.2.MoneylessonsApproachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.3Ifyoumustsaynotoachildsrequesttospendmoney,explain,“Youhaveenought

232、oytrucksfornow.”Or,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say,“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.”3.4Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickouttwosimilarbrandsofaproductaname-brandbutterandageneric(无商标产品),forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemone

233、y.5Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand,allowhimtomakeanotherpurchasewiththemoneysaved.Later,youmayexplainhowthemoreexpensivechoiceleaveslessmoneyforotherpurchases.A.WisedecisionsB.ThevalueofmoneyC.Permitthechildtochoosebetweenthem.D.Tellyourchildwhyhecanorcannothavecertainthings.E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatco

234、stmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.F.Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主要帮助父母清楚如何教育孩子看待金钱。1.G根据后文,当你的孩子对买糖果或玩具感兴趣时,你可以和他谈论钱,可知教育孩子的最佳时机是在他感兴趣的时候。2.F前文说他想买玩具,可知答案为F项。3.D由文中第二部分意思:当孩子想买东西时,向他说明什么可以买,什么不

235、可以买,得知答案为D项。4.A由文中第三部分意思:挑选两个不同品牌的产品,给孩子展示如何选择,可知答案为明智的选择,它是主题句。5.C由后文“如果他选择便宜的”得知让孩子自己选择。Passage18(2011辽宁)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EasyWaystoKeepYourBrainSharpEveryoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabitandthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.1Readonforsometech

236、niquesworthtrying.1.2Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupcomingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimersdisease(早老性痴呆症),accordingtoarecentstudy.3Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.Theresevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongors

237、hort-termgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.2.Goforawalk.Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.43.Learnsomethingnew.

238、TakeaSpanishclassonline,joinadrawingclub,orlearntoplaycards.Astudyfoundthatmentalstimulation(刺激)limitstheweakeningeffectsofagingonmemoryandthemind.Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime.5Orgodancingwithyourfriends.A.Focusonthefuture.B.Thiscanbeespeci

239、allyharmfultotheaged.C.Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.E.Butdontworryifyourscheduleisntfilledwithlife-changingevents.F.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.答案语篇解读

240、本文为说明文。文章介绍了三种简单易行的方法来帮助人们减缓健忘的症状。1.F根据下文“阅读下面值得尝试的一些技巧”可以推断出,作者在这里提到了可以避免那类事情发生的办法,故选择F。2.A根据下文第一句可知,那些经常为将来做计划的人可以减少50%患上早老性痴呆症的概率,由此推断该段的标题为A,即“着眼于未来”。3.E与下文“Somethingassimpleas.”相对照而言的话,这里指“对未来做计划并不一定是什么改变生活的大事件”。4.G根据第二部分标题“Goforawalk”可以看出,该段是讲述运动对大脑的影响。根据此空前一句“运动可以产生对大脑有益的化学物质”可知,“关心身体就是关心大脑”。

241、5.C根据第三部分标题“学习新东西”可以看出,只有C项提及了“learning”。Passage19(2011北京)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。PublicSpeakingandCriticalThinkingWhatiscriticalthinking?Toacertaindegree,itsamatteroflogic(逻辑)ofbeingabletospotweaknessesinotherpeoplesargumentsandtoavoidtheminyourown.Italsoincludesrelatedskillssuch

242、asdistinguishingfactfromopinionandassessingthesoundnessofevidence.Inthebroadsense,criticalthinkingisfocused,organizedthinkingtheabilitytoseeclearlytherelationshipsamongideas.1Thegreatestthinkers,scientists,andinventorshaveoftentakeninformationthatwasreadilyavailableandputittogetherdifferentlytoprodu

243、cenewideas.That,too,iscriticalthinking.2Astheclassgoeson,forexample,youwillprobablyspendagooddealoftimeorganizingyourspeeches.Whilethismayseemlikeapurelymechanical(机械的)exercise,itiscloselyconnectedwithcriticalthinking.Ifthestructureofyourspeechislooseandconfused,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodisor

244、deredandconfused.If,ontheotherhand,thestructureisclear,thereisagoodchanceyourthinkingistoo.Organizingaspeechisnotjustamatterofarrangingtheideasyoualreadyhave.3Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpublicspeaking.4Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwillimproveyourability

245、tothinkclearlyandaccurately.5Asyoulearntolistencriticallytospeechesinclass,youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyofsituations.Ifyoutakefulladvantageofyourspeechclass,youwillbeabletodevelopyourskillsasacriticalthinkerinmanycircumstances.Thisisonereasonpublicspeakinghasbeenregardedasa

246、vitalpartofeducationsincethedaysofancientGreece.A.Rather,itisanimportantpartofshapingtheideasthemselves.B.Thismayseemlikealotoftime,buttherewardsarewellworthit.C.Itmayalsohelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.D.Ithasoftenbeensaidthattherearefewnewideasintheworld,onlyreorganizedideas.E.

247、Ifyouarewonderingwhatthishastodowithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.F.Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclasscanhelpyoubecomeamoreeffectivethinkerinanumberofways.G.Asyoustudytheroleofevidenceandreasoninginspeechmaking,youwillseehowtheycanbeusedinotherformsofcommunicationaswell.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。主

248、要介绍了“公共演讲”和“批判性思考”的相关知识。1.D上句提到,从广义上来讲,批判性思考就是把思考集中并组织起来,是明确各观点之间关系的能力;下文提到,最伟大的思想家、科学家和发明家经常把有用的信息提取出来,重新组合创造出新的观点。由此可知,此处表明“世界上新的观点很少,只有重新组织起来的观点”。organize和new为关键词。2.E概括下文内容可知,本段主要举例介绍了如何上公共演讲课,故答案为E项。class为关键词。3.A上句提到“组织一次演讲不仅是组织已有观点的问题”,由此可知下句“而且,这还是形成观点自身的一个重要部分”。4.F概括下文内容可知,本段主要讲了在演讲课中所学的技巧如何帮

249、助你思考。故答案为F项。5.G由上句可以得知,此处为排比句,句型结构相同;从句意上看,几个并列排比句都是在讲所学的演讲技巧对实际生活的帮助,由此可知答案。长难句Thegreatestthinkers,scientists,andinventorshaveoftentakeninformationthatwasreadilyavailableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducenewideas.最伟大的思想家、科学家和发明家经常把易得到的信息提取出来,以不同方式组合,从而形成新的观点。that引导定语从句,先行词为information,关系代词在从句中作主语

250、,available意为“可用的;可得到的”,第二个and连接两个并列谓语。【3年模拟】A组20192021年模拟基础题组Passage1主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2021届河北唐山一中高三上学期期中)Beingindependentisanimportantskillforpeoplewhowanttotakecontroloftheirlives.Herearesometipsonhowtobeindependent.Believeinyourself.Ifyoudontbelieveinyourself,thenwhoelsewill?1Noonecanspeakthewordso

251、nyourlipsandnoteveryoneisgoingtoagreewithwhatyousay.2Ifyoudonthavefaithinyourself,youwillalwaysdoubtyourselfandturntoothersforhelpeverytimeyouhavetomakeadecision.Trytomoveawayfromthat.3Ourparentscareforussomuchthattheydoeverythingintheirpowertoraiseusinafairandjustenvironment.Buttherealworlddoesnotf

252、ollowthesameprinciple.Youmightbetreatedbadlyforallsortsofunfairthings:yourskincolor,yourheight,yourweight,howmuchmoneyyouhave,andjustabouteverythingelsethatmakesyouwhoyouare.4Stopcaringaboutwhatotherpeoplethink.Thisisthemostimportantthingaboutbeingindependent.Stopworryingaboutotherpeoplesopinionsabo

253、utyourlife,whethertheyarethinkingaboutyourclothes,yourchoiceofcareer,oryourchoiceofthesignificantother.5Ifyoualwayshavetheworryingthought, “Butwhatwillotherpeoplethinkif.” inthebackofyourmind,thenyouwillalwaysbeholdingyourselfbackfromdoingyourownthing.A.Beyourownhero.B.Acceptthatlifeisnotfair.C.Thes

254、eareyourdecisions,andnotanyoneelses.D.Aslongasyouhavemadeadecisionjustdoit!E.Wearealldifferentandhavesomethinguniquetosay.F.Sopleaseremember:youhavetobehappyinspiteofthat.G.Believinginyourselfwillmakeyoutrustyourowndecisions.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为生活与学习。文章介绍了一些关于如何独立的建议。1.E2.G3.B4.F5.CPassa

255、ge2主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2021届辽宁新高考联合调研考试)Althoughproblemsareapartofourlives,itcertainlydoesntmeanthatweletthemruleourlivesforever.Onedayoranother,youllhavetostandupandsay, “Problems,Idontwantyouinmylife.” Ofcourse,wevebeenfightingtroubleseversincewewereborn.Problemswithfriends,parents,girlfriends,husband

256、s,andchildrenthelistgoeson.1Butgoodnewsisthatallproblemscanbedealtwith.Nowreadontoknowhowtosolveyourproblems.Talkingreallyhelps.Whatmostofusthinkisthatourproblemscanbeunderstoodonlybyourselvesandthatnotalkingisgoingtohelp.Butthetruthisthatwhenyoutalkaboutit,youresettingfreethenegativeenergiesthathav

257、ebeengatheringwithinyou.2Writedownyourproblems.Havingapersonaldiarycanalsobeofgreathelpifyoudontwantarealpersontotalkwith.Whenyouwritedownyourproblems,youaresettingfreeallthetensionfromyoursystem.Youcantrythrowingawaythepaperonwhichyouwroteyourproblems.3Dontlosefaithorhope.Nomatterwhatyouloseinlife,

258、dontlosefaithorhope.4Withfaith,hopeandconfidence,youcanrebuildeverythingthatyoulose.5Nomatterwhatproblemyougetinlife,thereareanotheronemillionpeoplewhoseproblemsarebiggerthanyours.Tellyourself:whentheycandealwiththem,whycantI?Yourproblemsmightjustseembiggerandworse,butinrealitytheycanbesolved.Goabou

259、tandsolveyourproblemsbecauseeveryproblem,howeverbigorsmall,alwayshasawayout.A.Yourproblemsarenttheworst.B.Talkinghelpsyoumoveonandletgo.C.Whenwehaveaproblem,howdowetryandsolveit?D.Evenifyouloseallyouhave,youshouldstillhaveconfidence.E.Apartfromthese,theinnerconflictswithinourselveswork,too.F.Bydoing

260、this,imagineyourselfthrowingawaytheproblemsfromyourlife.G.Wecanoftenovercometheproblemandachievethegoalbymakingadirectattack.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为生活与学习。文章说明了在生活中解决问题的几种方法。1.E2.B3.F4.D5.APassage3主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2021届山东潍坊高三上学期期中)Youcanrunprettymuchanywhere,withprettymuchnoequipment.Soitmust

261、beeasytostartjustputonefootinfrontoftheother,right?Notquite.Startinganewtrainingprogram,likemostthings,issteppingintoanunfamiliararea.1Mostpeoplestartouttoohard,whichleadstounnecessarytirednessandpossibleinjury;ortheyjustburnout,feelingthatthelastthingtheywanttodoisgooutforanotherheavy,painfulrun.Ge

262、ttingpastthatearlyperiodisthekeytobothrunningsbenefitsandpleasures.2Youmaywanttostartrunningtomakeyourheartstronger,toupyourenduranceforothersports,orevenjusttofitintoyourtux(晚礼服)again.Thoseareallworthygoalsandsettingthemisavaluableaidtogettingwhereyouwanttogo.Ifyoulikeachallenge,yourgoalmightberunn

263、ingthelocal5K,orsomethingmoreambitious,likefinishingaToughMudderobstaclerunorqualifyingfortheBostonMarathon.Atypicalbeginnerwhotrainsproperlywithoutoverdoingitcansafelyfinisha5Kafteraboutthreemonths.3Whateveryoudecidetoaimfor,committingtoitwillhelpyourprogressgreatly.4Whileashort,easyrunafewtimesawe

264、ekisbetterthannothing,itsnotnearlyasexcitingaslookingupatthenreachingthenextlevel.Thendontgetaheadofyourself.5Andgraduallyyoucanbecomeagoodrunbeginner.A.Figureoutwhyyourerunning.B.Thenewtrainingprogramwillpayoff.C.Anditispossibleforamarathonafterayear.D.Otherwiseyoutendtomakenofurtherprogress.E.That

265、isaremarkableachievementforarunbeginner.F.Youshouldresisttheurgetoruntoohard,toomuch,ortoooften.G.Youreeagerbutunsure,excitedbutpotentiallyeasytomakeerrors.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为体育与健康。文章主要给跑步初学者提供了一些建议。1.G2.A3.C4.D5.FPassage4主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2020重庆璧山中学4月月考)Switchingfromchildhoodtoadulthoodc

266、anbechallenging.Oftentimes,youmaystillfeellikeachild.Workonnotactinglikeachildbymanagingyouremotions.1Acceptresponsibilityforyouractions.Youshouldtakeresponsibilityforyouractions,whethertheyareintentional(故意的)orunintentional.2Failingtoacceptresponsibilitymayseemlikeagoodideaatthetime,butinthelongter

267、mitwillnotbenefityou.Forexample,ifyouaccidentallybackintoyourneighborscar,letthemknowbywritingthemanoteorknockingontheirdoor.Then,correctyourmistakebypayingforthedamage.Showpeoplerespect.Respectyourpartner,familymembers,friends,andstrangers.3Asyougrowupandmature,youshouldunderstandtheconceptofrespec

268、tandwhyitisimportant.Showingrespectforotherswillalsobringyoumorerespect.4Whenyouarefacedwithaconflict,itisimportanttokeepyouremotionsincheck.Controlyourangerandavoidbecomingaggressive.Takeadeepbreath,listen,andworkthroughtheconflictwiththeotherindividual.Giveyourselftimetocooldownifyouarereallyangry

269、.Thiswillpreventyoufromsayinganddoingthingsthatyoushouldntsayordointheheatofthemoment.Receivefeedback(反馈)positively.Peoplelearnandgrowbyreceivingfeedbackandcriticismfromothers.Youshouldacceptthatyoudontknoweverythingandthatfeedbackfromanexpertisnotmeanttohurtyou.5Forexample,thoroughlyreadthroughyour

270、editsonyourresearchpaper.Theseeditswillhelpimproveyourwritinginthefuture.A.Itismeanttohelpyou.B.Takeonresponsibilities.C.Developawaytohandleaconflictmaturely.D.Itisasignofmaturityandrespectforothers.E.Childrenareoftenselfishanddisrespectful.F.Itisimpossibleforyoutoreachyourgoallikeanadult.G.Withalit

271、tlebitofpractice,youwillbegintoseeyourselfactingmorelikeanadultthanachild.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自我。文章主要讲述了从童年到成年的转变是很有挑战性的,但是我们可以通过文章列出的四种方式,让自己表现得更像是成年人而不是孩子。1.G2.D3.E4.C5.APassage5主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020福建泉州3月线上测试)1Oneday,whenIwasperhapssixyearsold,Iwaswalkingwithmyfatheronacrowdedstreet.Allofasudden,t

272、henormalflowofpedestriantrafficbackedupaspeopletriedtoavoidalargeobjectonthesidewalk.Tomyastonishment,theobjectturnedouttobeahumanbeing,amanlyingunconsciousagainstabuilding.2Certainlynoonemadeeyecontact.Aswewalkedby,myfatherthemodelofaloving,caringgentlemanpointedtoabottleinapaperbagandtoldmethatthe

273、poorsoulonthesidewalkjustneededtosleepitoff.Thenthedrunkenmanbegantomurmursenselessly.Myfatherwarnedmenottogonear,saying “Youneverknowhowhellreact.”3Ihadspenttheprevious12monthstravelinginpoorAsiancities,butevenbythosestandardsthiswasasceneofmisery.Inadditiontobeingdesperatelypoor,thelocalshadtolive

274、intheextremelyhotclimate,ridiculouslyhugecrowdsandafairlystrongwindblowingdusteverywhere.Suddenlyamancarryingahugebagofpeanutscalledoutinpainandfelltotheground.4Ahalfdozensellersranfromtheirstandstohelp,leavingunattendedwhatmighthavebeenthetotalityoftheirpossessions.Oneputablanketunderthemanshead;an

275、otheropenedhisshirt;athirdquestionedhimcarefullyaboutthepain;afourthfetchedwater;afifthkeptonlookersfromcrowdingaroundtooclosely;asixthranforhelp.5Theperformancecouldhavepassedforafinalexamataparamedic(护理人员)school.A.Ithenwitnessedanastonishingscene.B.Notoneofthepassers-byseemedtonoticethatitwasaman.

276、C.ThiswastotallydifferentfromthebitterexperienceIhadinNewYork.D.Withinminutes,adoctorarrived,andtwootherlocalsjoinedinassisting.E.IsooncametoseethatdayslessonasbasicknowledgeforaNewYorker.F.IllalwaysrememberthelessonthatIlearnedasaboygrowingupinNewYorkCity.G.YetmanyyearslaterIhadaverydifferentexperi

277、encewhilevisitingamarketinRangoon.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文,主题语境是人与社会。文章主要讲述了在纽约,人们看到躺在地上的人,匆匆走过,漠不关心;而在亚洲的一个贫困地区,人们看到遇困之人却愿意不顾自己的摊位对其施以援助。 1.F2.B3.G4.A5.DPassage6主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020山东师大附中4月模拟)Ifyouarethinkingaboutredecoratingthehome,youareprobablysearchingaboutinterior(内部的)decorationideas.Redecoratingpresentsa

278、greatchancetoreflectyourpersonalitybydisplayingyourstyleandinterest.Itwillbeeasytoredecoratethehomeifmoneyisnotarestriction.1Herearesometipsonhowtodoso:Searchsomemagazines.YoucangetdozensofinteriordecorationideasfromcountlessmagazinesandTVprograms.Someprogramstendtoshowlesscostlyinteriordecorationid

279、eas.2Itsagoodwayofcomparingdifferentstyles.Hereyoucanmakeadistinctionbetweenthecountrystyleandthecontemporarystyle.Fondofprimitivestyle.Ifyouarefondofprimitiveortraditionalstyle,warmercolorsarethebestfortheroom.Thesecolorsgowithallkindsofclothofoldstyleandwoodenfurniture.3Modernstyle.Ifyoulikemodern

280、style,usebrightercolorsinsteadofwhiteandoff-white.Homedecorationofthesestylesincludesminimumdisorderandalotoffreespaceandlight.Leatherfurniturematchestheroom:whiteorblackwithcontrastingcushions(靠垫)perseatingplace.45Thisoftenoccursanyway,especiallyifthepeoplegiveyoufurnitureoryouinherit(继承 )thesame.I

281、fyouwishtocombinedifferentpiecesoffurniturefromdifferentstyles,youneedtobridgethegapbetweenthem.Thiscanbedoneeasilywithmaterialslikethrowpillows,wallhangingsandcarpets.A.Awhiteoneonablacksofasuitshere.B.Thereisnothingwronginmixingtwostyles.C.AnothereffectiveandaffordableoptionisbysurfingtheInternet.

282、D.Thecombinationsandpossibilitiesinthefirstdecorationareendless.E.Autumncolorsgowelltoproduceawarm,friendlyandpleasantatmosphere.F.Nevertheless,thequestionformostishowtoredecoratethehomewithinlimitedbudget.G.Thewallstendtohaveoneortwopiecesofwallartratherthan6to10oftheoldertime.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与社

283、会。文章主要介绍了几种重新装修的方法,利用这些方法装修可以展示你的风格和兴趣,反映你的个性。1.F2.C3.E4.A5.BPassage7主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020山东夏季高考模拟)TheHotelWake-upCallGetsPersonalHeresawake-upcall:Thehotelfrontdeskwilldoonebetterthanringingyourphoneinthemorning.Theyllsendanactualhumanbeingtoyourroom.Dontworry.Theywontcomeinandkissyougoodmorning.1Ne

284、vermindthatmosttravelersnowadayshavesmartphoneswithbuilt-inalarmclocks.2Herearesomeexamples.AttheWolcottHotel,ifawake-upcallisunanswered,theywillsendanemployeetoyourdoor.AtLasVentanasalParaiso,anemployeeshowsupatyourroomtowakeyouupwithtea,coffeeandbreakfastbread.AttheMandarinOriental,apersonratherth

285、ananautomatedsystemwillcalltowakeyouup.3Hotelshavealwaystakenthewake-upcallseriously.4Ifyoudontgetyourcallwithinfiveminutesoftherequestedtime,youwonthavetopayforyourroom.Travelers,too,stillwanttohaveanoptionofawake-upcall.Astudyof285guestsatCrownPlazafoundthat53%consideredawake-upcallveryimportant.5

286、Inthelate1980s,hotelsturnedtoautomatedsystems.Thenallyoudgetwasaringandsilence.Intheever-competitiveraceforloyalcustomers,however,manyhotelsarenowgettingcreativewiththewake-upcall.Somehotelsevenhaverecordingsofcelebrityvoices.Andmorehotelswillgobacktotheoldin-personsystemofwake-upcalls.A.Buttheymigh

287、tbringyoucoffee.B.Ifyoudontanswer,youllgetawake-upknock.C.CrownPlaza,forinstance,hasawake-upcallguarantee.D.Butthewake-upcallbecamelesspersonalovertheyears.E.Thehotelgets15to30requestsforwake-upcallseachday.F.Thehumanwake-upcallisawaytopersonalizeaguestsstay.G.Someguestssleepthroughthecall,whileothe

288、rsturntheirphoneringersoff.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了宾馆叫醒服务的相关情况。1.A2.F3.B4.C5.DPassage8主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020山东师大附中一模)ADietWithoutEnoughProteinCanCauseDepressionDepressionisaconditionsocommon.1TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)callsit “aleadingcauseofdisability”.Difficultyinfallingasleep,lossofappetite,andlossofa

289、bilitytoconcentratearejustafewoftheothereffectsofdepression.Whilelifeeventssuchasthelossofaspouseorajobmaycreateahappeningofdepression,manycasescomefromwithin,suchaspeoplesdiet.Asisreported,bothbeforeandduringahappeningofdepression,thosewiththeconditionshowa “poorappetite”.2Ontheotherhand,depression

290、maybecloselyrelatedtoprotein.Manycasesofdepressionhappentothosewhodonteatproperly,whichthenresultsinlackofproteintakenintothebody.3Itallcomesdowntoaminoacids(氨基酸).Proteinsaremadeupofaminoacids.Boththehumanbrainandnervoussystemuseaminoacidsasasubstancethatcreatesasignalfromonebraincelltoanotheroronen

291、ervecelltoanother.Withthemcommunicationbetweenthecellsbecomespossible.4Buteightofthem,the “essential” onesforcommunicationbetweenthebraincells,mustbeeateninonesdiet.Soadietwhichislackinginproteinlessensthesignalbeingsentfromonebraincelltothenextduringathought.Theprocesscanleadtotwistedsignals,whichc

292、annotonlyleadtodepression,butalsoaggression.5A.Ithappenswithaggression.B.Itmayleadtoseriouseffects.C.Buthowlackofproteinoccurs?D.Thereare20differentaminoacids.E.Butwhatdoesproteinhavetodowithdepression?F.Thepoorappetiteitselfcancreateadepressedmood.G.Thisiswhydepressioncanoftenexpressitselfasangeror

293、aggression.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是饮食中缺乏足够的蛋白质会导致抑郁。1.B2.F3.E4.D5.GB组20192021年模拟提升题组Passage1主题语境:人与自我限时:9分钟(2021届广东七校联合体高三11月第二次联考)Ifyouvebeenfeelingalotsleepyinyourdailylife,herearesometipstopickingupyourenergylevels.Butfirst,youshouldmakesureifyoureexperiencingsomeseriousillnesses.1,keepthesetipsinmi

294、nd.Thefirstrecommendationistoexercise.Althoughitmayseemdifficulttoworkoutwhenyouretired,itturnsoutthatphysicalactivitycanactuallygiveyoumoreenergy.Thesecondthingtoworkonistogotosleepearlyenoughtogetafullnightssleep,preferablysothatyouwakeupnaturallywithouttheneedforyouralarm.2.Thus,anotherusefultipi

295、stotakeanapduringtheafternoon.Napscanrestoreyourmindandbodywithouttakinguptoomuchtime,regainingyourenergyandraisingworkingefficiency.Thebestlengthoftimeforanapisabout20minutes.Shorter,andyouwontgetmuchoutofit.3. 4.Drinkingplentyofwaterandotherfluidsthroughoutthedayisoneimportantwaytostayenergized,si

296、ncedehydration(脱水)leavesusinlowspirits.Someexpertssaythateatingsmallermealsmoreoftenthroughoutthedaycanhelpmaintainenergyandbalancebloodsugarlevels.Beawarethatpeoplewhoareoverweightaremorelikelytoexperiencetirednesseasily.5,reducingextraweightcouldhelpyougainmoreenergy.A.IfyoureoverweightB.Ifyoufeel

297、uncomfortableC.Asyouknow,itisquiteagoodhabitD.However,thisgoalishardtoachieveinpracticeE.Longer,andyoumayfindithardertosleepatnightF.IfyoureotherwisehealthybutjustneedsomeextraenergyG.Otherwaystoincreaseenergyinvolveourdietandconsumption答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为生活与学习。文章介绍了人们在日常生活中应对疲劳的几种方式。1.

298、F2.D3.E4.G5.APassage2主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2021届湖北部分重点中学高三第一次联考)Youmighthavenoticedhoweveryoneisobsessedwiththeirscreenduringfamilygatheringsorbondingwithfriends.Disconnectingfromdevicesmightbechallenging,buttherearewaystospendtimewithyourfriendswithoutusingthem.Withtherightactivitiesyoucanconnectmorewith

299、themandhavefun.Ifyouwanttospendqualitytimewitheachother,youandyourfriendsneedtosacrificeyourscreentime.1Itcouldalsobeoneofthehouseruleswhenyouaretogether.However,everyoneinthegroupmustbewillingtocooperateorelsethepurposemightbedefeated. Byturningoffyourdevicesitwouldfocustheatmospheremoreonyourbondi

300、ng.Everyonecouldfeelmorewelcomedandinvited.2Sowhatarethealternativesotherthanstaringatthescreen?Beforethetrendofhigh-techdevicesaboardgamehadalwaysbeenthesourceofentertainmentwhenagroupoffriendswantedtohavesomefun.3Thoughtheyhavedigitalversionsyoumightnotwanttomisstheopportunitytoactuallyinteract(互动

301、)withyourfriendsfacetoface.Anotherhelpfulwaytostartaconversationwithyourfriendsisthroughplayingquestiongames.4Butdontworry.Therearemanydifferentversionsofquestiongamesyoucansearchonline,suchasNeverHaveIEverquestions.5Whileitisimportanttoenjoyyourget-together,goingintoapurposefulconversationisalsonec

302、essary.Youdontknowwhatyourfriendsaregoingthrough,andmakingroomforaheart-to-hearttalkmightbewhattheyneed.A.Itisbetterforyoualltoagreeonthismatter.B.Sowhynotbringtheseclassicactivitiesback?C.Youandyourfriendscouldattendmoretoeachother.D.Beinginteractiveisthekeyinbondingwithyourfriends.E.Turningoffyour

303、devicescouldbethefirststepyoucando.F.Entertainmentisnttheonlywaytointeractwithyourfriends.G.Themainideaofthiskindofgameistotaketurnsininvolvement.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会交往。当和家人朋友聚会时,人们总是痴迷于手机。文章给出了一些方法,不使用手机,参与一些合适的活动使聚会更愉快。1.E2.C3.B4.G5.FPassage3主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2021届齐鲁名校一摸)Leadershipless

304、onsfromSingaporeTheCOVID-19outbreakiscausingalarmaroundtheworld,buthereinSingapore,thesmallislandcountryhasmanagedtomostlycontainthespreadquiterapidly.1Learningfromthepastreadyforthefuture.“Hereisyourkeycard,officekeyandpersonalthermometer,” saidtheuniversityadministratorwhenIstartedteachingmanyyear

305、sago.Iwaspuzzledwiththethermometerasastandard-issuedeviceforeveryemployee.2SinceIwasnothereduringthe2003SARSoutbreak,Ineverappreciatedtheimportanceofhavingathermometerinmydeskdrawer,butnowIuseittwicedaily.3“Everyinstructormustcompletethetrainingfordeliveringtheircoursesonlineincaseofemergency,” theu

306、niversitytoldusoversevenyearsago.Itseemedabitunnecessaryatthetime.Butallofuscompletedthetrainingandwereretestedeachsemester.Whowouldhavethoughtthatin2020wewouldneedtoshiftmorethan1,000coursesonlinewithlessthan12hoursnotice!Thatcouldnothavebeenaccomplishedwithoutthepreviousefforts. Clarifyingexpectat

307、ionsuniversaldiligence. “Stoprightthere!Giveme10feetandthenyoucancomeby,” saysmycolleagueasImeetherinthecommonhallway.4Largegatheringsarecanceledandrestaurantsareemptyasweallspendmoretimeathometoavoidinteractionswithothers.Toenteramall,restaurantoranybuildingonourcampus,youmustpassatemperaturescreen

308、ingandoftenrecordyourpresence. 5Inspiteoftheglobalcrisis,classesanduniversityoperationshavecontinuedwithoutdisruption.A.Thevirusishardtocontain.B.Planningalternativestheabilitytomovequickly.C.Asawitness,Imustshareafewleadershiplessons.D.Thenationsreadinessforemergencieshelpstofightthevirus.E.Howofte

309、ndowereallytakelessonsfromthepasttoprotectourfuture?F.Infact,Ioncejokedthattheyshouldalsogiveusasnorkel(呼吸管)incaseoftsunamis.G.Wearestillfriends,butitisourresponsibilitytoavoidunnecessaryhumancontact.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会热点问题。2020年新冠肺炎在全球范围爆发,但是新加坡成功地控制了疫情的蔓延。文章介绍了新加坡在抗击新冠肺炎中的一些经验。1.C2.

310、F3.B4.G5.DPassage4主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020河北3月联考)Howtobestprotectyourimportantfiles?Shouldyourelyononeofthemanycloudservicesavailabletoday?Theansweris “Yes”.Herearefourreasonstoinvestincloudstorage.1.CloudservicessuchasOneDrive,iCloud,GoogleDrive,andDropboxcanprotectyourdatafromlocalthreats,suchastheft,

311、fire,flood,nastyvirusandharddrivefailure.2,hemighttakeyourharddrive,too,unlessyoustoreitelsewhere.Afloodorfirecoulddestroybothyourcomputerandharddriveifkeptinthesameplace.Anywhereaccess.Withcloudservices,youcanaccessyourbacked-upstuffsuchasdocumentsormediafromvirtuallyanyInternet-connectedcomputer,t

312、abletorsmartphoneintheworld.Mostcloudserviceshavefreeappsthatmakeiteasytodownloadoruploadfilesfromyourmobiledevice.3.Sharingissupereasy.Cloudcomputingcanalsoreduceovercrowdinginsomeonesemailbox.Ratherthantrytoemailseverallargephotosorvideostoacolleague,friendorfamilymember,whichcanblockuptheiremailb

313、ox,youcansimplystoretheminthecloudandsendalinktoreceiverstodownloadthem.4.Real-timecooperation.5,cloudcomputingletspeopleworktogetheronprojectsinrealtime.Forexample,twoormoreemployeescancooperateonaprojecttogether,insteadofsendingrevisionsbackandforthtoeachother.A.SufficientstorageB.Remoteprotection

314、C.IfsomeonestealsyourlaptopD.ThisisincrediblyconvenientforthemandeasytodoE.EventhoughtheyreindifferentgeographiclocationsF.YouneedmorespacethanwhatfreecloudstoragesolutionsofferG.Youcanaccessyourstuffanywhereaslongasyoucangetonline答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与社会。怎样才能最好地保护我们的重要文件? 当然要依赖于当前可用的众多云服务之一的云存储。本文列出了

315、云存储的四大优势。1.B2.C3.G4.D5.EPassage5主题语境:人与自然限时:9分钟(2020重庆八中等3月检测)Whenitcomestogreenbuildings,wetendtothinkofnewonesthekindofhigh-tech,solar-paneledmasterpiecesthatmakethecoversofarchitecturemagazines.1Theyarethewitnessofthecountry.Anditwouldbeincrediblywastefultotearthemalldownandreplacethemwithgreener

316、versions.2Whatsmore,itwouldtakeanaverageof65yearsforthereducedcarbonemissionsfromanewenergy-efficienthometomakeupfortheresourceslostbydestroyinganoldone.3ButthereisanunavoidablefactthatnearlyhalfofU.S.carbonemissionscomefromheating,coolingandpoweringthoseagedhouses. “Youcantdealwithclimatechangewith

317、outdealingwithexistingbuildings,” saysRichardMoe,thepresidentoftheNationalTrust.Withsomeexceptions,theoldesthomestendtobetheleastenergy-efficient.4Housesbuiltbefore1939useabout50%moreenergypersquarefootthanthosebuiltafter2000.5HistoriconeslikeLincolnsCottagecanbetransformedthroughefficiencyupgrades.

318、Theycannotonlyhelpprotectpropertyownersfromrisingpowercosts;theycansavetheearth.A.Buthowtochangetheirconditions?B.ButtheU.S.hasmorethan100millionexistinghomes.C.Someeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenbythegovernment.D.Sosomepeoplesaythatthegreenestwayistomaintainoldones.E.Fortunately,somerelativelysimple

319、changescangreenolderhomes.F.Vastenergyandresourceswentintotheconstructionofthosehouses.G.Themaincauseisthecracksthatexpandovertimeandletoutsideairin.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自然。美国现有超过1亿套住房,大量的能源和资源被用于建造这些房屋,而重建一个节能的新房子所减少的碳排放平均需要65年才能弥补因破坏旧房子而损失的资源。文章分析了这些老房子不节能的原因以及解决方案。1.B2.F3.D4.G5.EPassage6主题语境:人与社会限

320、时:9分钟(2020浙江温州4月二模)Manyhealthcareworkersknowthatwashinghandsisimportanttopreventthespreadofaninfectiousdisease.1DuringastudyconductedbyNicasandBestattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkley,theycountedthenumberoftimeswhenpeopletouchedtheirfacewiththeirhands.2Whetherweareawareofouractionsornot,mostofuscanag

321、reethatwetouchourfacewithourhandsfrequentlyenough.Imaginethatyouareabletorecordafulldayofyouractions.Betteryet,reflectonwhatyoudidwhenyouwokeupyesterdaymorning.Letmegiveyouanideaofmypreviousmorning.Iwaswokenbythealarmclockat6am.3ThenIcheckedmyphoneformessages,turnedontheTVformymorningnews,startedmak

322、ingmycoffeeandfinallyhittheshower.Itwasnteven5minutesfromthetimeIawokeandIalreadytoucheddifferentobjects.Thepointofthisistobeawarethateveninourhomesweareexposedtogermsinplaceswedontrealize.Luckily,thehumanbodyhasamazingdefenseagainstharmfulgerms.4Ourwhitebloodcellsarelikesoldierscomingtotherescue.Un

323、fortunately,therearealotofareasonourfacethatdonothavetheprotectionofskinsuchasoureyesandmouths.Theresareasontoeverywiseproverbandourparentsannoyingustowashourhandsbeforedinnerisnotfornothing.5Ifyouhavechildren,itisevenmoreimportanttosettheexamplebecausechildrenareknowntolearnfromadults.Letsstartagoo

324、dhabitofwashinghands.Asforyourfriends,dontbeshyaboutcheckingtomakesuretheirhandsareclean.Askingsomeoneiftheyhavewashedtheirhandsiscaring.Checkingtoseeifsomeonehaswashedtheirhandswillbenefitnotonlythatperson,butyouandyourfamily.A.Ourskinisthefirstlineofdefense.B.Severalminuteslater,Iturnedoffthealarm

325、clock.C.Itiseasyforustoadmitthatwewashourhandsregularly.D.Theyaremoreself-awarethathandwashingshouldbepracticedasneeded.E.Mostimportantly,itisourdutytosettherightexampletofriendsandfamily.F.Theyfoundthatthesubjectstouchedtheirface15.7timesperhouronaverage.G.Dotherestofyourfamilymembers,especiallychi

326、ldren,washtheirhandsregularly?答案语篇解读本文是说明文。文章讲述了洗手有助于预防传染病的传播。尽管人体对有害细菌具有一定的防御能力,但是我们也要养成洗手的好习惯。1.D2.F3.B4.A5.EPassage7主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020福建“百校联考”毕业班教学摸底质检)Manypeoplebelievethatthereissometruthinthesaying “Laughteristhebestmedicine.”1Laughterhelpsrelievepain,strengthentheimmunesystemandreducestress

327、.Laughterstimulateshormoneswhichmakeusfeelhappy.Laughteralsoincreasestheflowofbloodthroughoutthebodyandhasbenefitswhicharesimilartotheonesyougetbydoingexercise.2Childrenexposedtofunnyfilmsandcartoonsbeforemajormedicalproceduresareabletocopebetterwithpainandanxiety.3Theseareprofessionalclownswhoarese

328、nttohospitalsandwardstoentertainanddistractsickchildren.Laughtertherapyhasbecomeverypopularinrecentyearsandasaresult,moreandmorelaughterclubsarestartingtoopenupincitiesandtownsallovertheworld.Atalaughtersession,atrainedtherapistinstructsthegrouptoperformaseriesofexerciseswhicharedesignedtoproducelau

329、ghter.4Andittakesthemsometimetogetridoftheirinhibitions.Theymightevenstartoffwithfakelaughter,butthisdoesntmatterbecauseourbodiescanttellthedifference,andtheresultsarethesame.Moreover,laughteriscontagious(传染的).5Sonexttimeyoufeelill,stressedoutordepressed,trywatchingafunnyfilmortryrememberinganamusin

330、gincidentinyourlife.Youwillsoonfeelbetter.A.Ifonepersonstartsgiggling,itisunavoidablethateveryoneelsewillbedrawnin.B.Laughterhelpsyoufocus.C.Thisfindinghasledtoso-calledclowndoctors.D.Infact,researchdonebyscientistshasshownthatlaughterhasalotofhealthbenefits.E.Laughtermakestheworldabetterandmorecolo

331、rfulplace.F.Somepeoplemayfindtheideaembarrassingatfirst.G.Usinglaughtertherapyinchildrenshospitalshasproventobeinvaluable.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,介绍了笑对健康有很多益处以及笑声疗法越来越受到人们的欢迎。1.D2.G3.C4.F5.APassage8主题语境:人与社会限时:9分钟(2020湖北名师联盟仿真一)Theworldisacolorfullandscapeofdifferentlanguages,skincolors,andcultures.Itsimportan

332、ttohaveagoodunderstandingofdifferentculturesinordertobecomeawell-roundedperson.1Onewayistoreadbookswrittenbyauthorsfromaparticularculture.Readingworksbyauthorswhohaveacloserelationshipwithaparticularcultureallowspeopletogainanauthenticglimpseintothefood,music,language,religion,andwayofalifeofapartic

333、ulargroupofpeople.2Anotherwaytolearnaboutdifferentculturesistotrytolearnaforeignlanguage.3Apersoncanchoosealanguagehe/shehasalwayswantedtolearnandlocatelearningprogramstohelphim/hermasterthelanguage.Besides,onecanenrollinaforeignlanguageclassinordertolearninamoreformalsetting.Onecanalsotrytovisitare

334、asofthecitytoestablishsocialconnectionwithnativespeakersofthelanguage.4Seekoutrestaurantsthatfeatureauthenticfoodfromavarietyofcountries.Foodisanimportantpartofdifferentculturesandallowspeopletogaindeepunderstandingintoaparticularculturalgroupswayoflife.Communicatingwithpeoplefromothercountriesthrou

335、ghemailorsnailmailisanotherusefulwaytobecomefamiliarwithdifferentcultures.5Variouswebsitesofferpenpalservices,offeringtoconnectindividualswithpenfriendsaroundtheworld.A.Storiesbasedonalocalcultureexposeonetoadifferentculture.B.Tryingauthenticfoodfromaspecificculturalgroupisalsoagreatidea.C.Thereares

336、everalwaystobecomeknowledgeableaboutdifferentcultures.D.Avarietyoflanguage-learningbooks,software,andaudioprogramsisavailable.E.TheInternethasmadeitpossibletocommunicatewithothersfromdifferentcountries.F.Makingcontactwithnativespeakersofthelanguageallowsonetogainfirst-handknowledge.G.Onewaytodevelopthisappreciationistotrytolearnaboutotherculturesaroundtheworld.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。我们生活的这个世界是多姿多彩的,有不同的语言、肤色和文化。我们要学会欣赏这样多姿多彩的世界。1.C2.A3.D4.B5.E