2022版高考英语一轮复习 专题十九 语法填空考点集训（含解析）.docx

1、专题十九语法填空【考情探究】项目卷名语篇类型主题有提示词无提示词主题语境主题语境内容名词谓语动词非谓语动词形容词、副词代词及其他介词冠词连词复合句及其他2020新高考说明文人与社会文化遗产131111011新高考说明文人与社会科学技术221110111课标全国说明文人与自然探索太空131111002课标全国说明文人与社会传统节日1132021002019课标全国说明文人与自然人与动物122201101课标全国记叙文人与自我生命的意义与价值0232001112018课标全国说明文人与自我生活方式113201002课标全国说明文人与社会庄稼种植1222011012017课标全国说明文人与自我生活方

2、式122201101课标全国说明文人与社会伦敦地铁2212011012016课标全国记叙文人与自然人与动物212111101课标全国说明文人与自我减压方式121212100总计142322205129312占比11.7%19.1%18.3%16.7%4.2%10%7.5%2.5%10%分析解读【命题规律】1.全国新高考卷和卷以及近五年高考课标卷语法填空所选文章主要为说明文和记叙文,涵盖了课程标准列举的人与自我、人与社会和人与自然三大主题语境,题材涉及人物故事、人际关系、自然环境、社会生活等话题,较好地涵盖了普通高中英语课程标准涉及的话题。2.全国新高考卷和卷以及近五年高考课标卷语法填空分为有提

3、示词和无提示词两种,以考查词性转换、谓语动词、非谓语动词、连词和各类复合句为主,兼顾形容词、副词的级、名词的数、介词和动词短语、冠词。 【命题趋势】1.未来高考语法填空的考点将继续涵盖词汇、语法规则、构词知识、逻辑理解等方面,难度适中,具有较好的区分度;2.谓语动词、非谓语动词、连词、复合句、词性和词形变换仍将是语法填空的重点,需要引起考生的足够重视。【真题探秘】真题再现Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuri

4、es, 1 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3(form) the core collection of the Br

5、itish Museum 4 opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 5(call)galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museums collection 6(be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at

6、 exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 7 (they)living at a different time in history or 8 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Histori

7、cal 9 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10 peoples spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.本文介绍了博物馆藏品的由来、藏品的展览方式以及博物馆给人们提供的各种体验。本文旨在扩宽学生的知识视野,提升学生的文化素养。【重点词汇】1.antique /ntik/n.

8、文物;古物;古董2.historical /hstrkl/adj.历史的3.object /bdkt/n.物体;物品;东西4.gallery /lri/n.陈列室,展览馆【高效解题】有提示词1答案 wealthy考查形容词。 设空处作people的定语,此处用形容词作定语,故填wealthy。3答案 formed考查动词时态。设空处的动词为谓语动词,根据语境可知应使用一般过去时,主语objects与动词form之间为主动关系,故填formed。5答案 are called考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语动词,因为陈述客观事实,所以应该使用一般现在时。主语The parts of a

9、 museum和动词call之间为被动关系且表示复数概念,故填are called。6答案 is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语动词,因为陈述客观事实,所以应该使用一般现在时。主语为单数意义,故填is。7答案 themselves考查代词。设空处作imagine的宾语,当主语visitors和宾语是同一群人时,要用反身代词作imagine的宾语,故填themselves。8答案 walking考查非谓语动词。设空处与前面的living是并列结构,故填walking。9答案 accuracy考查名词。设空处在句中作主语,故填名词accuracy。无提示词2答案 or考查连词。 他们把自己的

10、藏品留在家里,直到藏品变得太大或者他们去世,然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据句意可知,设空处前后两个时间状语从句为选择关系,故填or。无提示词4答案 which/that考查限制性定语从句。设空处为引导定语从句的关系词,先行词是the British Museum, 将先行词代入定语从句后为:The British Museum opened in 1759,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填which或that。10答案 for考查介词。句意:为了(获取)人们的闲暇时间和金钱,博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动展开竞争。compete for 为固定搭配,意为“竞争;对抗”。【解题秘钥】全面了解课标语法

11、项目:对课程标准上所列的词类(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、连词、冠词、感叹词)和句法(句子种类、句子成分、基本句型、谓语动词的时态、被动语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、并列复合句、主从复合句、省略)要全面了解,消除盲点。突破重难易错语法项目:对高考命题的重难易错语法(谓语动词、非谓语动词、连词、复合句、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、介词)要重点突破,反复强化,对命题的新变化要紧跟趋势,重点研究。反思总结高频命题考点:避免机械的刷题模式,要深入研究近五年高考语法填空这一题型,自主总结出高考的考点,并列出清单,做到心中有数,脱口而出。【考点集训】一、判断下面画线部分的句子成分First o

12、f all, theres the golden rule of the Internet: 1.If you see or read something that makes you 2.feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. Dont post comments or click on anything. Second, 3.protect your privacy. Dont give out your address or phone number. Someone might use the information 4.to s

13、teal your identity. Identity theft is 5.a common and serious problem. Third, be polite. 6.Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you dont want 7.to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. A troll is a person 8.who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online. Trolls often

14、 use several false names 9.so that they can stay on a site. A cyberbully uses the Internet, 10.a useful tool, to be mean to others. 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案1.状语2.补足语3.谓语4.状语5.表语6.主语7.宾语8.定语9.状语10.同位语二、单句填空1.Many people live along the coast make a living in fishing industry.2.The (disappear) of dinosa

15、urs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.3.In the 1950s in the USA, most families (have) just one phone at home, and wireless phones hadnt been invented yet.4.It suddenly occurred to him that he (leave) his keys in the office.5.I cannot control my body well. My legs become (pain).6.Pa

16、rt of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 7.Susan made it clear to me that she wished (make) a new life for herself.8.Keep (hold) your position for a while.9.Many airlines now allow passengers (print) their boarding pa

17、sses online to save their valuable time.10.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man(sit) at the front. 11.The aim of education is to teach young people (think) for themselves and not follow others blindly.12.“That would be a very(reason) thing to do in a big city, bu

18、t it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.13.I was driving down to London when I (sudden) found that I was on the wrong road.14. (sad), he didnt pass the exam the other day.15.I got to the office earlier that day, (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington.16.The only way to succeed at th

19、e highest level is to have total belief you are better than anyone else in the sports field.17.News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Peking University.答案1.who/that2.disappearance3.had4.had left5.painful6.that7.to make8.holding9.to print10.sitting11.to think12.reasonable13.su

20、ddenly14.Sadly15.having caught16.that17.that【方法集训】单句填空有提示词1.In 1962, Rachel Carsons best-selling book “Silent Spring” created an (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(农药).答案awareness2.In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu, as well as his hope that the Queen would appreciate traditiona

21、l Chinese culture. 答案himself3.If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of (great) and less importance.答案greater4.A museum has managed to draw in lots of visitors to learn about a century-old duck recipe. It(build)for the public to understan

22、d the brands culture. 答案was built5.When they destroy a farmers crops, the farmer must(pay) compensation. 答案be paid6.There are always lots of people in the street, and there is always something(see)or do. 答案to see7.My friends here usually take my likes and dislikes into consideration when (order), an

23、d I do the same for them. 答案ordering8.(see) the news of its return to Yiwu,Jins mother encouraged him to write about it and then send the letter to Queen Elizabeth.答案Seeing9.The announcement was presented as a letter (write)by the couple to their new baby girl, Max.答案written10.It took a lot of finan

24、cial resources and time (create) the lake, which is enough to irrigate(灌溉) the whole farm.答案to create11.Prices for celebrity answers also increased with more people (ask) questions online.答案asking无提示词1.What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, you went for the best cups and then began l

25、ooking at each others cups. 答案but/yet2.There are many good websitesyou can check out the latest news in the science world. 答案where3.Its possible that one way out could be blocked by fire or smoke, so youll want to knowother ones are. 答案where4.Actually, children learn violent behavior from adults or

26、from they see on television or on the Internet.答案what5.The song “A Little Bit Longer” is an emotional and inspiring song that whenever I hear it, I always come close to dropping down tears. 答案such6.Earthquake safety is very important and there is more to itjust keeping buildings from falling down. 答案than7.Guan Zhengwen, chief director of the show, considers written Chinese the root of Chinas cultural heritage.答案as8.Apartthe cold, thin air and low oxygen levels also can cause mountain sickness. 答案from