2021新高考英语人教版一轮复习课时作业：必修1 UNIT 5　NELSON MANDELA—A MODERN HERO WORD版含解析.doc

1、Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero课时作业.阅读A(2020东北三校第一次联考)Winners of 2019 Gloria Barron PrizeGloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes is an award that celebrates young people from across North America who have had a positive impact on people, their communities and the environment. Each year, the Prize hon

2、ors 25 young leaders from ages 8 to 18. Fifteen top winners each receive $10,000 to support their service work or higher education. Here are some of the teenagers who have won the prize this year.Charlie Abrams, 15, and Jeremy Clark, 14, of Oregon, who cofounded Affected Generation, a youthled nonpr

3、ofit working to fight climate change, help implement(实施) effective climate policy, and create environmental films.Anna Du, 13, of Massachusetts, who invented a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) that detects microplastics on the ocean floor. She also wrote a childrens book, Microplastics and Me, and ha

4、s raised more than $7,000 to distribute the book free to libraries in highneed communities.Garyk Brixi, 18, of Maryland, who developed better lifesaving relief food for starving children in developing countries. He is now teaming with an NGO (非政府组织) to begin producing his food in Malawi.Katherine Mc

5、Phie, 17, and Milan Narula, 16, of California, who cofounded Open Sesame Coding for Kids and have taught computer coding skills to more than 100 children living in homeless and domestic violence shelters.Will, 14, and Matthew Gladstone, 11, of Massachusetts, who cofounded the Blue Feet Foundation to

6、 help save the bluefooted booby (鲣鸟). They have sold more than 10,000 pairs of bright blue socks to raise more than $80,000 to fund research to study the birds decline in the Galapagos Islands.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了获得格洛丽亚巴伦奖的几位青年。1What words can best describe the winners of Gloria Barron Prize?AClever

7、and socially active.BIndependent and adventurous.CCooperative and openminded.DInspiring and socially responsible.答案：D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes is an award that celebrates young people from across North America who have had a positive impact on people, their communities and t

8、he environment.”再结合随后几位获奖的介绍可判断他们都是鼓舞人心及对社会有责任感的人，故选D项。2How many winners are awarded for their contributions to the environment in the text?AThree.BFour.CFive.DSix.答案：C细节理解题。应该是五人，他们是：“Charlie Abrams, Jeremy Clark, Anna Du, Will”和“Matthew Gladstone”，故选C项。3What can we know about the winners of the pr

9、ize?AAnna Du made a difference with her writing abilities.BCharlie Abrams has created many environmental films.CMilan Narula is teaching computer coding skills at a school.DWill is studying the boobys decrease in the Galapagos Islands.答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Anna Du, 13, of Massachusetts . wrote a childre

10、ns book, Microplastics and Me, and has raised more than $7,000 to distribute the book free to libraries in highneed communities.”可判断她利用自己的写作技能做出了贡献，故选A项。【词汇积累】detect v. 发现；查明；侦察出distribute v. 分发；分配relief food 救济粮 【长难句分析】Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes is an award that celebrates young people fr

11、om across North America who have had a positive impact on people, their communities and the environment.格洛丽亚巴伦青年英雄奖是为那些对人们、社区和环境产生积极影响的北美年轻人设立的奖项。分析：此句是主从复合句。that后跟一个定语从句，修饰先行词award，其中who又引导一个定语从句，修饰young people。B(2020湖北省龙泉中学、宜昌一中高三联考)Mary Anning was an English fossil collector, dealer and paleontol

12、ogist (古生物学家). Her fossilhunting helped change the way people thought about the world.Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Marys father took his chi

13、ldren along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.In 1811 when Mary and

14、 Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙)Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a

15、storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a p

16、rofessor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution (进化) works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙

17、文。文章叙述了英国化石收藏家、商人和古生物学家玛丽安宁的故事。4Why did Marys father take his children along the beach?ATo enjoy life.BTo make a living.CTo look for fossils.DTo teach them about fossils.答案：B推理判断题。由第二段中的“Marys father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知，玛丽的父亲经常带

18、着他的孩子们沿着海滩走。他们捡贝壳和石头卖给游客。所以玛丽的父亲带孩子们去海边是为了谋生。故选B项。5What can we learn about Mary?AHer father was a paleontologist.BHer father educated her at home.CShe had nine brothers and sisters in all.DShe might be popular at that time.答案：D 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Scientists wrote letters and came to see her.” “Mary also

19、 opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.”可知，科学家与她通信并来拜访她。玛丽还开了一家商店出售化石、石头和贝壳，且与到访的游客聊一些关于化石的信息。由此推知，在那个时候她很有名，很受欢迎。故选D项。6Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?ACharles Darwin.BMarys dog.CMary.DJoseph.答案：

20、D 细节理解题。由第三段中的“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知，1811年，当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时，约瑟夫看到一根骨头从岩石中伸出来了。所以约瑟夫是第一个看到含有第一个完整鱼龙化石的人。故选D项。7What does the underlined word “crumble” in the fourth paragraph mean?ABreak.BShake.CFloat.DDive.答案：A词义猜测题。由第四段中的“She li

21、ked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.”可知，暴风雨过后她喜欢在海滩上寻找化石。风、雨、浪使岩石变得碎裂，很容易发现化石。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出第四段画线词“crumble”是“破裂”的意思。故选A项。【词汇积累】fossil n. 化石dealer n. 交易商；贸易商become crazy about 着迷于【长难句分析】How evolution(进化) works was explai

22、ned by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died.查尔斯达尔文在玛丽死后不久就解释了进化论是如何运作的。分析：此句是主从复合句。after引导时间状语从句，主句中How evolution works为主语从句。C(2019奎屯市校级月考)Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani student and education activist who began speaking out for girls education at the age of 11. After surviving an assassination (

23、暗杀) at the age of 15, she cofounded the Malala Fund with her father to create a world where girls everywhere could be educated without fear. Her fund supports every girls right to 12 years of free, safe, quality education and works mainly in countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, India and Nigeria

24、.Malala believes girls are the best investment in the future peace and further development of our world. It will never be a wrong choice to spend money on girls. In 2014 the Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded Kailash Satyarthi and Malala Yousafzai the Nobel Peace Prize for their fight against the sup

25、pression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. Malala became the youngestever Nobel Peace Prize winner. Accepting the award, Malala said, “This award is not just for me. It is for those forgotten children who want education. It is for those frightened children

26、who want peace. It is for those voiceless children who want change.”In her new picture book, Malalas Magic Pencil, Malala returns to her childhood to teach young readers about the importance of hope, believing in magic, and making the world a better place.Malalas first book，her personal life story c

27、owritten with Christina Lamb, I Am Malala: How One Girl Stood Up for Education and Changed the World, was published in 2013. She is also the subject of the 2015 film He Named Me Malala.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了最年轻的诺贝尔和平奖获得者马拉拉的人生故事。8Whats the purpose of the Malala Fund?ATo improve girls safety.BTo improve

28、 peoples living conditions.CTo get young girls to school.DTo win women lifetime education rights.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“she cofounded the Malala Fund with her father to create a world where girls everywhere could be educated without fear(她与父亲共同创立了马拉拉基金会，目的是创造一个女孩可以毫无畏惧地接受教育的世界)”可知，这个基金会旨在让女孩能够进入校园接受教育。故选

29、C。9Which of the following is Malalas opinion of girls according to Paragraph 2?AThey are quite good at making investments.BThey will play an important role in the future.CThey are in greater need of peace than boys.DThey do more for the development of the world than boys.答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Malala bel

30、ieves girls are the best investment in the future peace and further development of our world.(马拉拉认为，女孩是未来和平与世界进一步发展的最佳投资。)”可推知，马拉拉认为女孩会对将来社会的发展与和平起到重要的作用。故选B。10What can be inferred from what Malala said while accepting the award?AShe will have more supporters in the coming years.BShe is satisfied wi

31、th her education.CShe feels powerless to change the world.DShe has a caring attitude.答案：D推理判断题。根据第四段中马拉拉的讲话内容“This award is not just for me. It is for those forgotten children who want education. It is for those frightened children who want peace. It is for those voiceless children who want change.(

32、这个奖项不仅仅是给我的，这是给那些需要教育的被遗忘的孩子们的，是给那些想要和平的受惊的孩子们的，是给那些想要改变的无声的孩子们的。)”可推断出她心系他人，关爱他人。故选D。11What can be learned about Malalas Magic Pencil?AIt teaches readers how to draw.BIt spreads hope.CIt was a cowritten book.DIt was Malalas first book.答案：B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，在马拉拉的神奇画笔一书中，马拉拉回到她的童年，教年轻读者希望的重要性，相信魔法，使

33、世界变得更好。由此可知，这本书是传播希望的。故选B。【词汇积累】investment n. 投资suppression n. 镇压；压制a state of mind 心境；心态【长难句分析】After surviving an assassination (暗杀) at the age of 15, she cofounded the Malala Fund with her father to create a world where girls everywhere could be educated without fear.15岁在一场暗杀行动中幸存下来后，她与父亲共同创立了马拉拉基

34、金，以便创建一个让各地的女孩都可以毫无畏惧地接受教育的世界。分析：After surviving an assassination at .After she survived an assassination at .；主句she cofounded the Malala Fund with her father to create a world where girls everywhere could be educated without fear中不定式短语to create a world . 用作目的状语，where girls everywhere could be educa

35、ted without fear是where引导的定语从句，修饰a world。.语法填空(2020山东省泗水一中高三月考)Mohandas Gandhi is called the national father of India. Thats because he fought for India to get freedom in a 1 (peace) way.He 2 (educate) in law at University College London in 1891. After graduation, he became a 3 (law). Two years later

36、, he went to South Africa 4 he worked for an Indian company and offered some guidance to the company for its legal problems.While in South Africa, he found himself treated 5 (fair)During the twenty years in South Africa, Gandhi was sentenced 6 prison for many times. In 1896, after he was attacked by

37、 white South Africans, Gandhi began to teach the Indians a way of noncooperation with the South African government.In the following years Gandhi became a leader in many fights. He played 7 active part in starting his movement of nonviolence against Great Britain.In order to get economic independence

38、, all of the Indians refused 8 (buy) British goods. It was Gandhi 9 helped the Indians to develop native Indian industries. He devoted himself to 10 (fight) for equal rights for Indians.1 2. 3. 4. 5 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了甘地为印度获得自由而奋斗的人生经历。1peaceful考查词性转换。修饰way，用形容词peaceful。2was educated考

39、查动词的时态和语态。人和教育之间是被动关系；同时本文是在讲述过去发生的事情，故填was educated。3lawyer考查词性转换。句意：毕业后，他成为了律师。故填lawyer。4where考查定语从句的引导词。此句表示两年后，他去了南非，在那里他为一家印度公司工作。此处引导定语从句，South Africa为先行词，从句缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where。5unfairly考查词性转换。此句表示，在南非时，他发现自己被不公正地对待，修饰动词用副词作状语，故填unfairly。6to考查介词。此句表示，在南非的20多年里，他多次被判入狱。be sentenced to固定短语，“被判”，故填to。7an考查冠词。此句表示他在非暴力抵抗英国的斗争中起着积极的作用。play an active part in “起积极作用”，为固定短语，故填an。8to buy考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth. “拒绝做某事”，为固定用法，故填to buy。9who/that考查强调句型。此句表示是甘地帮助印第安人发展了本地的工业。此句为强调句，强调人，故填who/that。10fighting考查非谓语动词。此句表示他把一生致力于为印第安人获得平等权利而斗争。devote . to doing “致力于”，为固定用法，故填fighting。