2021届新高考英语二轮创新学案：专题四 第三节 重难增分一　谓语动词 WORD版含解析.doc

1、重难增分篇如何判断动词作谓语还是非谓语1找谓语：一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语。若句中没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所需词与之是并列关系，空处就用谓语动词。谓语动词需要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。2若句中找到了谓语动词，而又缺关联词(并列连词或从句关联词)时，则所给动词用非谓语形式。非谓语需要考虑v.ing形式、v.ed形式和动词不定式。题组一He volunteered to help control traffic，_(donate)an hour of his time every week.He volunteered to help control traffic

2、，and _(donate)an hour of his time every week.分析：两句的差别是连词and。分析句子结构可知，中设空处为现在分词作伴随状语；中设空处与volunteered并列作谓语。故填donating；填donated。题组二Jim was listening attentively to the lecture，and all his attention _(fix)on it.Jim was listening attentively to the lecture，with all his attention _(fix)on it.Jim was list

3、ening attentively to the lecture，_(fix)all his attention on it.分析：三句的差别是逗号后面的部分。分析句子结构可知，句为and连接两个并列句，通过时态、语态的分析，应用一般过去时的被动语态；句是with复合结构；句为现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填was fixed；填fixed；填fixing。题组三He went into the room，_(sit)at the table and began to read newspapers.They walked along the stream together，_(talk)and

4、laughing.分析：两句看似结构一致，但仔细分析却是大相径庭。句为and连接三个并列谓语；句为and连接两个伴随状语。故填sat；填talking。重难增分一谓语动词授课提示：对应学生用书第56页动词的时态、语态、主谓一致是谓语动词的必考点，考生在答题时如果分析不到位就容易出现错误。无论语法填空还是短文改错，解题时一定要注意句中的时间状语、并列谓语动词、隐含的语境及要表达的主动或被动含义，从而找到解题的突破口，语法填空中还要注意不规则动词的过去式和过去分词、现在分词的拼写。语法填空中的谓语动词高考这样考1(2020新高考全国卷)The 80，000 objects collected by

5、 Sir Hans Sloane，for example，_(form)the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.2(2020高考全国卷)The artist was sure he would _(choose)，but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister，the old man laughed.3(2019高考全国卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud

6、 Irene _(declare)she had no plans to retire from her 36yearold business.4(2019高考北京卷)On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I _(voice)my biggest concern to my mother，“How will I make friends？”5(2018高考全国卷)Since 2011，the country _(grow)more corn than rice.

7、题目这么解填什么样的谓语形式：1先看“主语”定“语态”，再看“时间”定“时态”。谓语动词要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。语态主要看主语是动作的执行者还是承受者(如T2)；时态主要根据时间标志词(如T1，T5)、有无并列关系、主从句时态呼应(如题T3)及上下文语境(如T4)来把握；2要注意时态或语态变化时动词的拼写形式(如T2，T5)，需不需要双写，要不要大写首字母等；3特殊句型中时态需要特别关注。自我诊断：1.formed2.be chosen3.declared4voiced5.has grown类题对点练1According to Paul Denlinger，who came(come)to

8、 China many times when young，Qingming Shanghe Tu or Along the River During the Qingming Festival should be regarded as the most significant classical Chinese painting.2The 3yearold panda landed in Chengdu on Wednesday after a 16hour flight，during which she was looked(look)after by a professional pan

9、da keeper.3Once，she was wondering(wonder)how to complete a scene set in ancient China when the doorbell suddenly rang.4In recent years，the demand for goji berries has been rising and we have seen(see)the increasing numbers of buyers from overseas.5The father，along with his four children, has gone(go

10、)to Hangzhou.When they will be back has not been fixed.短文改错中的谓语动词高考这样考1(2020高考全国卷)Actually，I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old._2(2020高考全国卷)My dad dont like the soup and I dont enjoy apples._3(2018高考全国卷)During my last winter holiday，I went to the countryside with my father to visit m

11、y grandparents.I find a big change there._4(2018高考全国卷)They would say to me that playing card games would help my brain.Still I unwilling to play the games with them sometimes._题目这么解1明确常错类型：动词时态的不统一与语态错误混用；主谓一致错误；情态动词后的动词形式错误；2具体判定方式：(1)是否忽略了时间状语(如T1)；上下文时态是否一致，主从句时态是否呼应(如T3)；(2)并列谓语形式是否一致；(3)主谓、动宾关系

12、要分明；(4)be动词的缺失或多余(如T4)；(5)主谓是否一致(如T2)。自我诊断：1.startstarted2.dontdoesnt3findfound4.unwilling前加was类题对点练1(2019高考全国卷)One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.答案：One was that I was amazed at

13、the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.And the other that I wanted to help people in need.2(2019高考全国卷)Now my dream is to open a cafe.Though it may appear simple，it required a lot of ideas and efforts.答案：Now my dream is to open a cafe.Though it may appear simple，it a

14、 lot of ideas and efforts.3(2017高考全国卷)Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructors orders，but once I started the car，my mind goes blank.答案：Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructors orders，but once I started the car，my mind blank.4Consequently，instead

15、of giving us immediate answers，he is always encouraged us to think by ourselves whenever he puts forward questions.答案：Consequently，instead of giving us immediate answers，he is always us to think by ourselves whenever he puts forward questions.谓语动词的核心知识提炼一、时间状语标志词1看到always，every time，now and then，oft

16、en，seldom，sometimes，usually等表示频率的时间状语，要想到用一般现在时；2看到yesterday，last week，two days ago，the other day，in 1998，just now，once upon a time等时间状语，要想到用一般过去时；3看到tomorrow，next year，in a week等时间状语，要想到用一般将来时；4看到all the time，now，at 4 oclock，at this moment，at present等时间状语，要想到用现在进行时；5看到at that time，at this time yest

17、erday，at five yesterday，the whole morning等时间状语，要想到用过去进行时；6看到since，recently，lately，already，in/for/during the last/past few years，so far，up to now，during the past/last时间段等时间状语，要想到用现在完成时；7看到by that time，by the end of过去时间，before 2000，by the time一般过去时的从句等时间状语，要想到用过去完成时。二、并列关系标志词并列连词and，but，as well as，or，

18、or else，both.and.，neither.nor.，either.or.，not only.but(also).，rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个平行的结构。平行的另外一个结构与所选谓语动词的先后关系，决定着所选动词的时态。三、记准常考的固定句式1看到no sooner.than.或hardly.when.，要想到主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。2看到并列连词when，要想到was/were doing sth.when.；be about to do sth.when.等句式。3看到It/This/That isthe序数词timethat从句，要想到从句

19、用现在完成时。4看到It/This/That wasthe序数词timethat从句，要想到从句用过去完成时。5在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。6在由since引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句是现在完成时，从句则用一般过去时。7看到“祈使句and/or陈述句”，要想到陈述句用一般将来时。四、关注特殊词的关键用法1有些动词(短语)的用法特殊，例如belong to不用于进行时和被动语态；date back to/date from常用于一般现在时等。2系动词不能用于被动语态。look，feel，taste，seem，sound，smell，prov

20、e，appear等属于系动词。五、主谓一致1主语后跟有with，together with，as well as，like，but，except，along with，rather than，including，in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。2由or，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。授课提示：对应学生用书第58页.单句语法填空1The newlyelected ministers should understand that with th

21、e great honor of being government officials of this nation comes_(come)great responsibility.2Ill take you there tomorrow.Now we are leaving the business district and approaching(approach)the harbor.3A material can be really special when it was named after the place where it was_created(create)origin

22、ally.4It was the third time that she had_been(be)to the Great Wall.5Various efforts have_been_made(make)in the past decades to protect the environment.6On that day，I lined up with other 25，000 runners，most of whom were(be)professional runners.7Not only the swimmers who are in the swimming pool but a

23、lso the coach is_trying(try)to save the drowning girl now.8The new haircut completely transformed(transform)her into a fair lady yesterday.9The study suggests that Neonicotinoid pesticides(新烟碱类杀虫剂)that_are_used_(use)around the world are incredibly poisonous to honeybees and other insects.10A bowl of

24、 noodles from a stranger made me feel indebted，but I have never thanked my mom for what she_has_done(do)for me.单句改错1Growing up，I didnt have much ambition and I was wasted a lot of time on video games.答案：Growing up，I didnt have much ambition and I wasted a lot of time on video games.2She encourages u

25、s to think independently and have discussions among ourselves when we faced with problems.答案：She encourages us to think independently and have discussions among ourselves when we faced with problems.3I am remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of becoming a writer.答案：I rememb

26、er the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of becoming a writer.4I hated to fail in any sport，so I continued to try and finally manage to skate all the way down a slope(斜坡)without an accident.答案：I hated to fail in any sport，so I continued to try and finally to skate all the way down a

27、slope without an accident.5Have you ever been to Wuzhen？It is so beautiful a village that I had already visited it many times.答案：Have you ever been to Wuzhen？It is so beautiful a village that I already visited it many times.语法填空(2020合肥第二次调研)Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture.C

28、hinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven，while the other end is square which symbolizes earth.This is because keeping enough food is 1._(great)concern than anything else.It is important to note that chopsticks are used in many different cultures and there is no single st

29、andard for the use of chopsticks.Here are some customs 2._(associate)with chopsticks in China.Playing with chopsticks 3._(consider)bad manners.And chopsticks should not be placed 4._(vertical)in a bowl of rice or other food.Any sticklike object pointing upward 5._(resemble)the incense(香)sticks that

30、people use 6._offerings to their dead family members.It is also bad manners to tap chopsticks on 7._edge of ones bowl，because in ancient China beggars often made this noise 8._(attract)attention.In Chinese，“chopsticks” reads “kuai zi”，which means “to have sons soon”，so a newlymarried couple will be

31、very happy to accept chopsticks as 9._(they)wedding gift.10_has already been found out is that using chopsticks improves ones memory，increases finger dexterity(灵巧)and can be useful in learning and improving skills such as Chinese character printing and brush painting.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了筷子的特征以及围绕筷子形成的

32、一些习俗。1解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的than可知，此处要用形容词的比较级形式。答案：greater2解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用过去分词短语associated with chopsticks作定语，修饰customs。答案：associated3解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该处为客观性描述，应用一般现在时；该句使用了动名词短语playing with chopsticks作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；且此处表示玩筷子被看作不礼貌的行为，故应用被动语态。答案：is considered4解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰谓语动词要用副词，故填vertically。答

33、案：vertically5解析：考查时态和主谓一致。该处为客观性描述，应用一般现在时；本句为含有that引导的定语从句的主从复合句，其中主句的主语是any sticklike object pointing upward，是单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。答案：resembles6解析：考查介词。as在这里用作介词，意为“作为”。答案：as7解析：考查冠词。此处特指后面的bowl(碗)的边缘，故填定冠词。答案：the8解析：考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式短语to attract作目的状语。答案：to attract9解析：考查代词。此处的wedding gift与上文提到的a newly

34、married couple为所属关系，故填their。答案：their10解析：考查主语从句的引导词。此处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“的事物”，故用What来引导该从句。答案：What.短文改错(2020福建漳州4月模拟)Dear Editor，Having learned from the newspaper that you will hold the annually summer camp in our city，I cant wait to apply to join in one of your activity.On the activities youve prov

35、ided，the one about nursing appeal to me most.I have always dreamed of becoming nurse since my childhood.To begin with，I hope to gain a few more knowledge of nursing so that it can help me major in nursing when I attended college.Besides，learning more about nursing can help me take good care of my pa

36、rents，which have been devoted to care for me as I grow up.I would appreciate it if you could accept my application.Looking forward to hearing it from you soon.Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Editor，Having learned from the newspaper that you will hold the summer camp in our city，I cant wait to apply to join in o

37、ne of your . the activities youve provided，the one about nursing to me most.I have always dreamed of becoming nurse since my childhood.To begin with，I hope to gain a more knowledge of nursing so that it can help me major in nursing when I college.Besides，learning more about nursing can help me take good care of my parents， have been devoted to for me as I grow up.I would appreciate it if you could accept my application.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours，Li Hua