2021届高三英语一轮联考质检卷精编（2）议论文阅读 WORD版含解析.doc

1、2021届高三复习英语名校联考质检卷精编（2）议论文阅读1.Nobody likes to fail.It makes people feel embarrassed and discouraged.Whats worse, it may cause major professional or personal trouble and lead to negativity. Basically, failure is no fun for most people. However, a vast body of research tells us that failure provides u

2、s with a chance to grow and develop, increases adaptability, and helps protect against anxiety.Its hard to change the mindset(心态)of a lifetime. But even if we still cant get over the broken marriage or the failed College Entrance Examination or the work presentation that went fearfully wrong, it mig

3、ht not be too late for our kids.Christy Pennison, a professional consultant, says she works with an increasing number of kids and teens who show significant anxiety around a fear of failure. She said, We want to protect our children, and we want them to live happy and meaningful lives, so we frequen

4、tly tell them the harm of failure and ask them to avoid failure. The children experiencing internal and sometimes extenal pressure think they shouldnt fail. Meanwhile, we always have high expectations of them. So when they dont live up to a certain standard, or things dont go according to the plans,

5、 they will feel upset and anxious.Pennison argues that failures, are often the hidden learning chances that can help people develop positive qualities, like persistence, focus, flexibility, patience, and positive self-image.So what can parents do to help their children embrace(拥抱)failure instead of

6、avoiding it at all costs ? Pennison suggests directing praise towards the effort, not the result. This allows children to build confidence in themselves, she explains. Acknowledging the effort can give children permission to try new things without a fear of failure. And the bigger picture is that th

7、e development of the mindset -Id rather try and fail than not try at all.-helps them keep a belief in themselves, and expands their world of possibilities. As Pennison points out, we all fail, but how we get up after we fail is what matters.1.What aspect do most people focus on when thinking of fail

8、ure?A.The great courage to face it.B.The efforts made to handle it.C.Unexpected benefits it brings.D.Unpleasant side effects it brings.2.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?A.Bring up the main topic.B.List the challenges in our life.C.Add some background information.D.Stress the importa

9、nce of the mindset3.What is mainly talked about in the third paragraph?A.The causes of childrens anxiety.B.Christy Pennisons comments on adolescents.C.The consequences of overprotecting children.D.Christy Pennisons experience in educating children.4. Which of the following advice can help parents en

10、courage kids to face failure? Praise kids every achievement. Make kids embrace a bright mindset. Focus on the process of kids effort Expand kids knowledge about the world. Encourage kids to make new attempts.A.B.C.D.2.I recall when I was a young girl back in Canada,I was sitting and watching a baseb

11、all game on TV with my father and we started to debate the importance of sports.Different from my father,I argued with all the overconfidence of a teenager that sports is more than just a hobby to keep us physically healthy and went as far as claiming thatThere would be more wars if we didnt have sp

12、orts!As an adult,my teenage tendencies of exaggeration(夸张) may have faded but I still firmly believe that sports is more than just a hobby for both participants and audience.The challenging times we are all living through right now with coronavirus is proof to this.The effect of cancellingall sports

13、 from professional leagues right down to amateur budding athletic programs,can be felt by millions of people worldwide.To many the social emotional impact is stronger than the physical.The loss of the sense of community,of belonging,and of an extended family is real for many girls,boys,men and women

14、 everywhere.Others are feeling physical challenges as well as they are struggling to stay active during these times.But the human race is incredible and adaptable in tough situations,and sports once again is playing a role.Sports teams are staying in touch online and are a source of much needed supp

15、ort,love and laughter in these times.So many professional athletes are playing vital roles through this crisis by sharing their messages of support and at times,making valuable monetary donations to the cause.Even in areas of isolation(隔离),people are coming out on their balconies and leading their n

16、eighbours through a workout programme to help them stay active.Others are turning to online workout programmes to follow.Once again,sports is finding its way.So,in challenging times such as now,people are still empowered to continue their sports journey and stay strong and healthy.1.What may the aut

17、hors father agree about sports?A.It is a personal hobby.B.It boosts confidence.C.It affects social relations.D.It helps avoid wars.2.How does life without sports affect people?A.They lack family connection.B.They have lost their hobbies.C.They feel bored more than lonely.D.They suffer both in body a

18、nd mind.3.How do isolated people respond to the tough situations?A.Struggle to be athletes.B.Try to stay physically active.C.Make donations to good causes.D.Design new sports programmes.4.What is the best title?A.Sports reduces risks in our livesB.Sports continues to offer strengthC.Sports makes the

19、 impossible possibleD.Sports has new functions in the pandemic3.There are only a few truly pleasant smells to wake to in the morning. For me, its the smell of freshly brewed coffee. Just a sniff of it makes me jump out of bed and rush to the kitchen for a gulp of the hot black liquid. If youre a big

20、 fan of coffee, youll understand that opening a new packet of coffee releases an amazing smell-fresh, roasted coffee beans. And youll be able to identify the beans origin-Colombia, Vietnam or Brazil. Tim Hayward is a food writer and coffee shop owner; he believes the smell is absolutely vital. When

21、you walk into the coffee shop in the morning and that smell hits you, youre getting physiological responses. I know from experience when I walk into a cafe, my mouth begins to water and its the smell that makes me feel good. However, this feeling sometimes turns to disappointment. This is particular

22、ly the case when I order a coffee to go in a tall paper cup and sip the liquid through a hole in the lid. Yes, its convenient, but is it really the right way to appreciate it? You walk into the coffee shop, you get the smell, but when you actually take the drink out, you are drinking it from somethi

23、ng that is designed to deliver the hot liquid directly past your tongue, but prevent any smell coming up to your nose. As well as eliminating the smell, takeaway coffee cups create a lot of waste and the vast majority of them still dont get recycled. So maybe now is the time to really wake up and sm

24、ell the coffee by drinking from a cup in a cafe, chatting with friends and saving the planet!1.In which aspect does the author agree with Tim Hayward?A.People drink coffee first thing in the morning.B.Coffee beans origin makes all the difference.C.Some people are addicted to drinking coffee.D.Its th

25、e smell of coffee that really matters.2.What does the author complain about?A.The process of making coffee.B.The high temperature of coffee.C.The design of the paper coffee cup.D.The inconvenience of buying coffee.3.Which can replace the word eliminating underlined in Paragraph 4?A.Creating.B.Removi

26、ng.C.Increasing.D.Changing.4.What can be the best title of the text?A.Wake up and smell the coffeeB.Try to be a real lover of coffeeC.Drink coffee to save the planetD.Choose takeaway coffee for convenience4.The other day, I bought an expensive anti-aging cream that promised to make my face look seve

27、ral years younger than other women by fighting free radicals(自由基). It made me curious about what free radicals are. Is the anti-aging cream the only way I need to protect myself?As a scientific term, free radicals are essentially unstable atoms, says Arizona-based doctor, Natasha Bhuyan, M. D. “In m

28、edicine, they cause cells to break down over time and are linked to aging.A super simple chemistry review for you: Atoms from different elements are the building blocks that make up water, nitrogen and more. Electrons (电子)are the negatively charged atoms, and they like to be in pairs. When an electr

29、on loses its partner, it creates a free radical, which is usually unstable and highly reactive. Free radicals typically go through the body to seek out a replacement for their missing electron,and that can result in damage to cells, proteins and DNA.So how do free radicals form and why do they happe

30、n? Bhuyan says, Scientifically, free radi-cals are unpaired electrons that are seeking a mate to bond with. The theory behind free radicals is that they can lead to the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). Another mini-science lesson for you: Antioxidants are natural or man-made

31、matters that can help delay or prevent some types of cell damage. Theyre often found in fruits and vegetables.A lot of the aspects of modern lifeour diet, lifestyle and environmental factors like pollution, can cause oxidative stress. Over time, oxidative stress weakens cells and tissues and can lea

32、ve you more easily exposed to certain health issues,including cancer. And, as beauty marketers are keenly aware, oxidative stress can also speed up the aging process. Now that you know free radicals can weak on your health,youre probably wondering if there are any ways to prevent them from forming o

33、r at least to minimize their negative effects.1.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?A.Explain the process of aging.B.Introduce the topic of free radicals.C.State the formation of free radicals.D.Describe the harm of anti-aging cream.2.Which of the following do free radicals refer to?A.U

34、npaired electrons.B.Steady atoms.C.Replacements of atoms.D.Functions of electrons.3.What can we learn about antioxidants from the text?A.They have never been found in nature.B.They do harm to cells, proteins and DNA.C.They always keep balance with free radicals.D.They can slow down the damage of som

35、e cells.4.What will the author probably tell us next?A.What exactly oxidative stress is.B.How beauty marketers promote sales.C.Where a variety of diseases come from.D.Whether free radicals can be prevented.5.We all love animals,but animals dont feel the same way about us.When we enter their wild wor

36、ld,we areunnaturalinvaders into their homes.There was a video many of you may have seen on the internet recently of a bear and its cub(幼崽)climbing up a steep,snow-covered hill in Russia.The mama bear makes it to the top without too much trouble,but the baby bear keeps sliding back down.It takes thre

37、e attempts to reach the top and,no doubt,many cheered at the cubs never-give-up spirit.But nature scientists who saw the video didnt cheer.Instead,the scientists were upset that the two bears had been frightened into making a dangerous,unnecessary climb by the drone that was filming them.Sophie Gilb

38、ert of the University of Idaho said,It showed a complete lack of understanding from the drone operator of the effects his actions were having on the bears.Other scientists have found that when a drone is hovering near,a bears heart rate can increase from 41 beats per minute to 162 beats per minute-a

39、 high enough rate to cause a heart attack.Human disturbance has actually been having a far-reaching influence on wildlife.Researchers at the University of Berkeley recently found that many mammals are turning intonight owlsagain to avoid contact with humans. Such a shift might not only affect those

40、species themselves,but also have numerous chain effects.We human beings find ourselves in a strange position in nature.We are part of it but also separate from it,now more than ever,since most of us live in cities.So,when we go off hiking into wild areas tore-connectwith nature,we should go softly a

41、nd considerately.Its OK to get close to our animal friends,just not too close-we wouldnt want to scare them,would we?1.What does the video feature?A.The baby bears climbing.B.The mama bears care.C.The dangerous environment.D.The experiment by scientists.2.Why didnt nature scientists cheer?A.They kne

42、w the bears family well.B.They were against other scientists.C.They knew the cause of the bears climbing.D.They lacked understanding of the drone operator.3.What may be the effect of human disturbance on wildlife?A.Food shortage.B.Changing habitats.C.Ecological imbalance.D.Less contact with humans.4

43、.What does the author seem to agree with?A.Lose connection with nature.B.Tighten the bond with wild animals.C.Respect the human-animal distance.D.Shoot more videos on animals for study.6.What do you do when nobody is around to take your picture? You take a selfie (拍照) .But what about selfies in spac

44、e? On Twitter last year, NASA astronaut Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin, who famously became the second man to walk on the moon in July 1969, laid claim to a spaceflight first taking the first selfie in space during the Gemini XII mission in 1966.“For me, it needs to be digital to be selfie,” argues Jennifer Le

45、vasseur, who is in charge of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. According to Levasseur, the concept of a selfie is directly linked to Internet culture and human desire to interact on social platforms. “The thing that makes a selfie is sharing it,” she says.Still, astronauts have been car

46、rying cameras abroad space vehicles since the 1960s ,and theyve taken plenty of pictures of themselves along the way. Astronauts had to pull the film magazines out and leave their cameras behind when they returned to Earth because early space missions were restricted by a conservative weight limit o

47、n the return trip.A big change in space camera technology came after sad loss of the space shuttle Columbia who broke apart on its return to Earth in 2003. “Fearing that they would never be able to bring the film back from space and lose all that hard work celebrated the push for digital.” Levasseur

48、 says.Today astronauts can have access to the Internet and social platforms in space and post true based selfies taken by digital cameras. Taking selfies and sharing them on social media is a way that astronauts in space can participate in the same activities people on Earth do every day. The first

49、astronaut selfie that went viral(网红的) on the internet was one by Japanese astronaut Akihiko Hoshide in 2012.1.What does Levasseur think of Aldrins claim?A.It hardly makes any sense.B.It revolutionizes astronautics.C.It contradicts public opinions.D.It needs to be further proved.2.Why were cameras le

50、ft in space on early space missions?A.To lighten the load of the spaceship.B.To test cameras under extreme conditions.C.To prepare for the next stage of spaceexploration.D.To take more pictures in space by remote control.3.What advanced space camera technology?A.The invention of new filmsB.The fear

51、of falling behind in the space raceC.The concern about the loss of valuable dataD.The popularity of space selfies on socia media4.What is the best title for the text?A.The Exploration of Space.B.The History of Selfies in Space.C.The Change in Space Camera Technology.D.The Development in Space Techno

52、logy.答案以及解析1.答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.A; 4.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段Nobody likes to fail. It makes people feel embarrassed . for most people.可知,大部分人关注失败的负面影响。2.推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,本段主要是为了引出文章议论的话题:家长需要帮助孩子树立对失败的正确态度。3.主旨大意题。根据第三段. we frequently tell them the harm of failure .以及Meanwhile, we always have high expectations

53、of them.可知,本段主要分析了导致孩子焦虑的原因:家长一方面教育孩子不能失败,一方面又对孩子寄予厚望。4.细节理解题。根据最后一段Pennison suggests directing praise towards the effort . build confidence in themselves. try new things.可知关注努力的过程、使孩子拥有一个积极的心态及鼓励孩子尝试可帮助他们勇敢面对失败。 2.答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.B; 4.B3.答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.B; 4.A解析：1.根据第一段第二句For me, its the smell of fre

54、shly brewed coffee以及第二段第三句中的he believes the smell is absolutely vital可知,两人都认为咖啡的气味非常重要。故选D。2.根据第三段最后一句和第四段第一句中的you are drinking it from something that is designed to deliver the hot liquid directly past your tongue, but prevent any smell coining up to your nose可知,纸杯的设计令作者不满。故选C。3.画线词所在句中的As well as

55、eliminating the smell与画线词前的prevent any smell coming up to your nose相对应,由此可推知,画线词的含义与选项B Removing含义相近, 故选B。as well as表示除.之外。4.根据第一段第二句For me, its the smell of freshly brewed coffee并结合文章其他内容可知,全文围绕咖啡的味道展开叙述,主要讲述了作者对咖啡味道的喜爱,并表述了纸杯装咖啡的坏处,故A项最适合作本文标题。 4.答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.D; 4.D解析：1.推理判断题。第一段作者讲述了她买了一个抗衰老的面霜来抵抗自由基给脸部留下岁月的痕迹的事,从而引出自由基的话题。2.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句以及第四段第二句可知,自由基是不成对的电子。3.细节理解题。根据第四段第四句可知,抗氧化剂可以减缓或者阻止一些类型的细胞损害。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,作者可能在下文中围绕“自由基的形成是否能被阻止”这个话题展开阐述。 5.答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.C; 4.C6.答案：1.A; 2.A; 3.C; 4.B