2020-2021学年英语新教材外研版选择性必修第一册课时作业（二） WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家课时作业(二)Unit 1Section Discovering Useful Structures.阅读理解ABill Gates and the president of General Motors have met for lunch, and Bill is going on and on about computer technology. “If automotive technology had kept pace with computer technology over the past few decades, you would now

2、be driving a V32 instead of a V8, and it would have a top speed of 10,000 miles per hour，” says Gates. “Or, you could have an economy car that weighs 30 pounds and gets a thousand miles to a gallon of gas. In either case, the sticker price of a new car would be less than $50. Why havent you guys kep

3、t up？”The president of GM smiles and says, “Because the federal government wont let us build cars that crash four times a day.”Why is that funny (or not funny, as the case may be)? Human beings love to laugh, and the average adult laughs 17 times a day. Humans love to laugh so much that there are ac

4、tually industries built around laughter. Jokes, sitcoms and comedians are all designed to get us laughing, because laughing feels good. For us it seems so natural, but the funny thing is that humans are one of the only species that laughs. Laughter is actually a complex response that involves many o

5、f the same skills used in solving problems.Laughter is a great thingthats why weve all heard the saying, “Laughter is the best medicine.” There is strong evidence that laughter can actually improve health and help fight disease. In this article, well look at laughterwhat it is, what happens in our b

6、rains when we laugh, what makes us laugh and how it can make us healthier and happier. Youll also learn that theres a tremendous amount that no one understands yet.1Whats the Best Title of the Passage?ALaughterBThe Joke Between Gates and the President of General MotorsCWhy Do We Laugh?DLaughter and

7、Health2Which one is NOT true according to the passage?AComputer technology has developed quickly during the past few decades.BAutomotive technology has developed as fast as computer technology according to Bill Gates.C. The president of GM thinks it is impossible to build cars worth less than 50 dol

8、lars.DIf cars were less than 50 dollars, a large number of accidents would happen per day.3The underlined word “sitcoms” in Paragraph 3 means “_”Asituation comedies BtragediesCbody language Dfictions4This passage is most probably an _.Aintroduction of an article about MicrosoftBintroduction of an ar

9、ticle about laughterCarticle about laughterDintroduction of an article about General MotorsBIn addition to their daily tasks, the brave Mars pioneers will also have to be ready to deal with all kinds of medical emergencies. Common colds and headaches may be easy to deal with medication. To help them

10、 with more serious issues, like severe skin burns or bone fractures, scientists from the Dresden University of Technology (TUD) have developed a 3D bioprinter capable of producing human tissue in space.3D bioprinters are similar to traditional 3D printers with one key difference. Instead of creating

11、 objects from materials like plastic, they deposit layers of biomaterial, made largely from living cells, to build complex human tissue. Since the raw material is not readily available, researchers begin by taking a few cells from the required organ, such as lung or skin, and cultivating (培养) them i

12、n the laboratory. Once enough cells have been generated, they are used to create “bioink，” which is loaded into the printer.This, as you can imagine, is no easy task, and despite trying for many years, scientists have still not been able to regenerate human organs for widespread use. Bioprinting in

13、space has even more challenges. The biggest is finding cells to cultivate and create the required bioink.The TUD scientists believe the difficulty can be overcome by using cells from the injured astronaut. “Using biomaterial from the astronauts themselves also eliminates the risk of transplant rejec

14、tion，” says Nieves Cubo Mateo, a bioprinting specialist at TUD.The TUD researchers, who revealed the first bioprinted bone and skin samples, believe that once developed, the technology could help astronauts treat acute injuries. Tommaso Ghidini, head of ESAs Structures, Mechanisms and Materials Divi

15、sion says, “Carrying enough medical supplies for all possibilities would be impossible in the limited space and mass of a spacecraft. Instead, a 3D bioprinting capability will let them respond to medical emergencies as they arise.”5What makes 3D bioprinters different from traditional 3D printers?ATh

16、e efficiency of work.BThe principle of operation.CThe progress to make objects.DThe material used to make objects.6What is the biggest obstacle of using bioprinting in space?AHow to get raw material.BHow to reduce the risk of rejection.CHow to deal with more serious issues.DHow to take cells from th

17、e injured astronaut.7Which can replace the underlined word “eliminates” in paragraph 4?AIncreases. BRemoves.CTakes. DAssesses.8Whats Tommaso Ghidinis attitude to 3D bioprinter?ADoubtful. BSupportive.CObjective. DIndifferent.七选五There is an English saying that goes, “He who laughs last laughs best.” H

18、igh School Musical star Zac Efron is laughing a lot these days._1_ Because he was always the smallest in his class and was laughed at because he had a big space between his teeth. In sixth grade, Efrons basketball team wanted to win the championship. In overtime, with three seconds left, he grabbed

19、the ball but passed it to the wrong team! _2_3_ Now at 21, Efron is one of People Magazines 100 Most Beautiful People, graces (荣登) the cover of Entertainment Weekly, Hollywoods most influential magazine, and is traveling the world promoting the third High School Musical film. Director Adam Shankman

20、described Efron as “arguably the biggest teen star in America right now”. Simply google “Zac Efron”， and you get more than 14 million responses. Yes, it seems Efron has a lot to smile about these days.Efron was born and raised in California. _4_ According to Efron, “He would flip out (发疯) if he got

21、a B and not an A in school, and he was a class clown.” It was his father who encouraged him to act. _5_ He also took singing lessons. He graduated from high school in 2006 and was accepted at the University of Southern California to study film. But he put it offwhy not study movies when you can star

22、 in them? Efron has risen all the way to the top of the movie business. And he can now laugh all the way to the bank.AHe owed his success a lot to his father.BBut history, as they say, is a thing of the past.CHe took part in school performances and acted in a local theater.DWhen he was young, Efron

23、was an unqualified basketball player.EHe took school seriously.FThey scored and his team lost the game.GAs a young boy, Efron was picked on by his classmates.课时作业(二).阅读理解A【语篇解读】作者通过比尔盖茨和通用汽车公司总裁的幽默谈话向我们讲述了“笑”的作用：促进身体健康，增强抵抗疾病的能力。1答案与解析：D主旨大意题。综观全文可以看出，文章通过一个幽默引出了笑的作用：可以增进我们的身体健康，增强抵抗疾病的能力。2答案与解析：B细节

24、理解题。文章第一段的“If automotive technology had. instead of a V8”用的是虚拟语气，故该句中的描述与事实不符。3答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。该词的意思应和此句前面的“Jokes (笑话)”以及后面的“comedians (喜剧演员)”接近，故选A。而“tragedies (悲剧)”“body language (身势语)”“fictions (小说)”均不在此列。4答案与解析：B推理判断题。由最后一段的后半部分尤其是“In this article, well.”可以看出，该文是一篇文章的引言，用来吸引读者，介绍文章的内容。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇

25、说明文。主要讲述了为了帮助宇航员在太空解决严重的皮肤烧伤或骨折的问题，来自德累斯顿理工大学(TUD)的科学家开发了一种能够在太空中产生人体组织的3D生物打印机。5答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段的“3D bioprinters are similar to traditional 3D printers with one key difference. Instead of creating objects from materials like plastic, .”可知，这款生物打印机与传统的区别在于：打印的原材料不同。故选D项。6答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段的“The big

26、gest is finding cells to cultivate and create the required bioink.”可知，在太空使用生物打印机的最大困难是怎么找到打印原材料。故选A项。7答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Using biomaterial from the astronauts themselves also eliminates the risk of transplant rejection.”可知，此处是说用宇航员自己的生物材料也可以消除排异的风险。故选B项。8答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Instead, a 3D bioprinti

27、ng capability will let them respond to medical emergencies as they arise.”可推知，Tommaso Ghidini对于3D生物打印机是很赞同的。故选B项。.七选五【语篇解读】本文主要阐述了谚语“He who laughs last laughs best. (笑到最后的人才笑得最好)”，并通过Zac Efron的故事进行说明。【高频词汇】1.promote v. 促进；推销2.graduate from 从毕业3.put off 推迟1答案与解析：G根据下文Because he was always the smalles

28、t in his class(因为他总是班里最弱小的)可知，G项“As a young boy, Efron was picked on by his classmates.”符合题意。2答案与解析：F根据上文he grabbed the ball but passed it to the wrong team(他抢到了球，但却把球传给了对手)可知，F项“They scored and his team lost the game.”符合题意。3答案与解析：B根据下文Now at 21, Efron is one of People Magazines 100 Most Beautiful P

29、eople, graces(荣登) the cover of Entertainment Weekly, Hollywoods most influential magazine可知，现在的Efron与以前完全不一样了，成了一个名人。故B项“But history, as they say, is a thing of the past.”符合题意。4答案与解析：E根据下文According to Efron, “He would flip out (发疯) if he got a B and not an A in school, and he was a class clown.”可知，如果他某一门学科得了B而没有得到A，他就会发疯。故E项“He took school seriously.”符合题意。5答案与解析：C根据上文It was his father who encouraged him to act. (是他的父亲鼓励他去表演的。)可知，本句应该是与表演相关的内容，故C项“He took part in school performances and acted in a local theater.”符合题意。- 6 - 版权所有高考资源网