英语：UNIT 2 ROBOTS-LANGUAGE POINTS课件（新人教版选修7）.ppt

1、1.Do you think it is possible for a robot to 2.have its own needs and desires?(P10)你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求吗？desire vt.渴望，希望，要求n.愿望，要求，欲望，向往的东西desire sth.=have a desire for sth.渴望得到某事desire to do sth.=have a desire to do希望/渴望做某物desire sb.to do sth.=desire that sb.(should)do希望某人做某事(have)the desire for sth./to

2、 do sth.渴望得到某事/希望做某事 meet/satisfy ones desire满足某人的愿望at ones desire 照某人的希望We all desire happiness and health.我们都希望幸福健康。Everyone has a desire for success,but noteveryone desires to get rich.每个人都渴望成功,但并非人人都渴望有钱。He desires you to go to see him at once.=He desires that you(should)go to see him at once.他要

3、求你马上去见他。desire/wish/hope/expect/want desire强调主观愿望的热切性，含有“强烈希望做或得到某物”，用于正式场合或文章中。hope表示实现的可能较大的希望。want表示想要。expect侧重表示“期待,预期,指望”。表示“希望做某事/得到某物”有多种表达：desire(for)sth./to do sthhope for sth./to do sthwish for sth./to do sthwant sth./to do sthexpect sth./to do sthwant/wish/expect sb.to do sth.(但不能用hope)希望

4、某人做某事2.test out sth.=put sth.to the test对新试做的物品或新产生的理论进行“试用”或“检验考验”,检验其试用的程度或有效性,以便加以改进。e.g.Their theory is going to be tested out.3.Claire didnt want the robot in her house,especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks,but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her

5、 to be harmed.克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里,特别是在她丈夫离家三周的这个期间。但是克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说,机器人不会伤害她,也不会让别人来伤害她。点拨 该句是一个由but连接的并列句。第一个分句包含一个as引导的原因状语从句,说明克莱尔不愿让机器人留在家里的原因;but之后的句子的主干为Larry persuaded her。persuade后面是双宾语:her充当间接宾语,that引导的宾语从句充当直接宾语。还要注意在该宾语从句中的not.or.的意思是“既不也不”。辨析:especially 和speciallyespecially adv.强调尤其、特别地、格外地spec

6、ially adv.强调专门地、特意地 I bought a present specially for you.The ring is of especialimportance to their marriage.1)especially adv.in particular 特别地I love the country,especially in summer.2)absent adj.缺席的,不在场的(+from)Three members of the class wereabsent this morning.今天早晨该班有三人缺席。He is absent on business.他

7、因事缺席。He is absent from Hong Kong.他不在香港。缺少的,不存在的 Snow is absent in his country.他的国家不下雪。茫茫然的,心不在焉的 He looked at me in an absentway.他茫然地望着我。He had an absent look on his face.他脸上露出心不在焉的神色。vt.不在;缺席Why did you absent yourself from school yesterday?昨天你为何不到校？absent 的反义词是present出席的,在场的How many people were pr

8、esent at the meeting?到会的有多少人?3)persuade sb.to do sth.=persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事persuade若用于过去式，是指劝说成功,若劝说不成功，就不应用persuaded，而应用tried to persuade或advised.She tried to persuade/advised his husband to give up smoking,but failed.她曾劝说她丈夫戒烟,但失败了。He was persuaded to give up smoking at last.他最终被说服戒烟了

9、4.alarm n.警报，惊慌The fire caused much alarm.火灾引起很大的恐慌相关短语：give the alarm to 发警报给.take alarm at 对.感到吃惊a fire alarm火警a false alarm 虚惊一场vt.使警觉,使惊慌I dont want to alarm you,but there is a strange man in your garden.我不想吓唬你,不过你花园里有个陌生人。相关短语：be alarmed at 被吓了一跳I was alarmed at his entering the home.be alarmed

10、 for 对放心不下I was alarmed for her safety.5.His was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice.他的头发又黑又滑，声音低沉浑厚。smooth adj.平坦的，平滑的，顺利的vt.使光滑、平坦或顺利have a smooth temper 性格温和 The course of true love never did run smooth.好事 多磨。smooth away/over difficulties/problems.排除/解决困难等smooth the way for.为铺平道路/

11、排除障碍6.She felt embarrassed and quickly told him to go.她感到有点儿不好意思，赶紧叫他离开。embarrass vt.使困窘，使局促不安 embarrassed adj.尴尬的,害羞的embarrassing adj.使人尴尬/难堪的embarrass sb.with sth./by doing sth.做使某人尴尬/害羞/窘迫Be careful not to embarrass others by asking embarrassing questions.注意不要问令人尴尬的问题,那样会使人难堪。Little James seemed

12、embarrassed in the presence of the guests.小詹姆斯在客人面前显得局促不安。7.Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.1)to be offered是不定式的被动式,在宾语从句中作真正的主语,it是形式主语。不定式的被动式可在句中作多种成分,是高考的热点之一。考例1 The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.(浙江2007)A.to be heard B.to

13、have heard C.hearing D.being heard 点拨 struggle to do sth.努力做某事，又因I 与hear之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式，故选A。考例2 It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness _.(江西2006)A.to make B.to be made C.making D.being made 点拨 根据“It takes/took(sb.)+一段时间+to do sth.”可排除C、D,再根据make与connectio

14、n构成动宾关系,所以用不定式的被动式,故选B。考例3 Energy drinks are not allowed _ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.(上海2006)A.to make B.to be made C.to have been made D.to be making 点拨 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事,又因make与energy drinks构成动宾关系,用不定式的被动式;再根据句意说的是一般情况,无完成含义,故选B。2)sympathy 同情心，同感express sympathy for

15、对表示慰问a letter of sympathy 慰问信feel/have sympathy for 同情I felt much sympathy for the blind.be in sympathy with 赞同8.elegant 优雅的，高雅的an elegant vase 别致的花瓶an elegant gentleman 举止文雅的绅士9.pile 堆a pile of=piles of=a lot of 堆积如山的I have a pile of work to do this evening.今晚我有一大堆工作要做。10.or rather 或者说，准确地说What I w

16、ant is the truth,or rather a series of truth.我需要的是事实,准确地说是一系列事实。11.absurd 荒谬的,可笑的 an absurd opinion 谬论 Dont be absurd！别胡闹！12.As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops.因为克莱尔不让托尼陪她去商店accompany vt.陪伴，陪同，同时存在或发生，为伴奏accompany sb.to a place陪伴某人去accompany sth.with/by sth.与某事物同进存在或发生keep sb compan

17、y 陪伴某人，和某人做伴in the company of sb.在某人陪同下He accompanied the frightened girl to her house and kept her company until she calmed down.他陪那个受惊的女孩回家，并陪着她直到她镇静下来。Thunders accompanied by heavy rain in this season are very common.这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。13.ring sb.up=call sb.up=give sb.a call/ring=call sb.on thetelepho

18、ne=phone sb 打电话给某人ring off the telephone 挂断电话call back=ring back 回电话14.As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身去时,格拉雷斯克拉芬站在那里。turn around同turn round 转过身1)与turn有关的短语:turn back 折回,翻回turn in 上交turn down 拒绝,调小/低turn out 结果是;生产turn on 开(灯等)turn off 关(灯等)turn up 出现;到达2008全国卷-What are you rea

19、ding,Tom?-Im not really reading,just _ the pages.A.turning off B.turning around C.turning over D.turning up 解析：C本题考查动词短评辨析。turn over意为“翻动”，“把反过来”；turn over the pages即“翻动书页”，符合搭配。2)there stood.此句为存在结构,常用于这种结构的动词有stand,seem to be,happen to be,be likely to be,live,come,enter,lie等 There happened to be n

20、obody in the room.15.By the amused and surprised look on her face,Chaire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair.After all,she knew Claires husbands name was Larry,not Tony.从她脸上惊奇的表情判断,克莱尔知道拉迪斯认为她有外遇,毕竟她知道她丈夫的名字是拉里,而不是托尼。1)by prep.此处相当于according to根据,按照By my watch it is two oclock.by的用法：“到

21、.时为止”,其后若跟过去时间,时态多用过去完成时;若跟将来时间,时态多用将来完成时。By the age of 15,he had taught himself advanced maths.到15岁时,他就自学完了高等数学。表示时间时,还有“在期间,不迟于”的意思。I have no idea why he often sleeps by day.我不知道他为什么常在白天睡觉。By tomorrow he will be here.他明天就到这儿。by 作为介词和副词,意思还有“在附近,在旁边,经,由,依据,通过,用,以方式”等。There is a mall table by the be

22、d.在床边有一张小桌子。Please let me by.请让我进去。2)affair 暖昧关系,事情,私通Dont mind ones own affaires/business.别管闲事！have an affair with sb.跟某人有不正当的男女关系She was having an affair with someone who has a wife(有妇之夫).Its not my affair.这不关我的事。3).after all 毕竟,别忘了You should be proud of him,after all,he is just a child.16.Tony to

23、ld her and suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.点拨 该句是一个由and(第一个and)连接的并列句。第二个分句包含一个that引导的宾语从句,the night before.在句中作时间状语。还要注意的是suggest意为“建议”,后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”。考点 was to leave和was to return是过去将来时，表示

24、按计划或安排将要发生的事。考例 In a room above the store,where a party _,some workers were busily setting the table.(湖南2006)A.was to be held B.has been held C.will be held D.is being held 解析 根据“some workers were busily setting the table”可知聚会尚未举行,要用将来时,又因整个句子用了过去时,故选A。17.firm 稳固的,坚实的as firm as a rock 坚如磐石a firm fai

25、th 坚定的信念a firm foundation 牢固的基础18.She cried out“Tony”and then heard him declare that he didnt want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她大叫一声“托尼”,然后听到托尼一本正经地说,第二天他不想离开她,而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。点拨 该句的主句包含两个并列的谓语,即cried和heard。declare后接两个that引导的宾语从句,其中第一个宾语从句中的that可

26、以省略。declare vt.1)宣布,宣告;声明+(that)to make known formally or officially.The new Congress declared a state of war with Germany.新的国会向德国宣战了。2)宣称;断言+(that)The accused man declared himself innocent.被告声称他是无罪的。She declared that she didnt want to see him again.她宣称再也不愿见他了。I declared at the meeting that I did no

27、t support him.我在会上声明我不支持他。3)申报(纳税品等)I have nothing to declare.我没什么要申报的。I would like to declare my love for you.A lot of use on Valentines Day,dont we?announce:宣布 to tell a lot of people.If I have a birthday party,I want to announce it to my friends.declare n.:宣告,宣布a way of expressing oneself辨析:decla

28、re与announcemore than1).后面跟名词,意为“不只是,不仅仅是”。Kate was more than a teacher.She also did what she could to take care of her pupils.凯特不仅仅是位教师,她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。Think and compare.Modern science is more than a large amount of information.现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。My trip to Beijing is more thansightseeing.我去北京不仅仅是观光。2)more

29、than与数词连用,意思是“多于,大于,超过”。I have known him for more thantwenty years.我认识他已超过二十年了。More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.十多位警察出现在出事地点。3)more than与形容词和分词连用,表示“非常、十分”。They were more than happy to see us come back from the expedition.看到我们远征而归,他们异常高兴。I am more than happy

30、to accept your invitation.我很高兴接受你的邀请。4).more than与动词连用,对动词起着加强语气的作用。Repeated advertising will morethan increase product sales.多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。5)more than和含有情态动词的句子连用,有否定意义,表示“是难以”或“超过了所能”之义。The beauty of the village is more than I can describe.我难以描述那个山村的美丽。This problem is more than a child can settl

31、e.这一问题超出了小孩的解决能力。6)no more than意思是“仅仅,不过,只是”。All his education added up to no more than one year.他接受的所有的学校教育只有一年。Their new flat has no more than 60square meters.他们的新居只有60平方米。7).not more than表示“至多,不超过”Lying on the ground was a schoolboy of not more than seventeen.躺在地上的那个男学生最多十七岁。19.envy 嫉妒，羡慕How I en

32、vy you!you have a happy family!envy sb.sth.嫉妒羡慕某人某事be green with envy 非常妒忌be in envy of ones success羡慕某人的成功out of envy 出于妒忌/羡慕20.leave sb./sth.alone=let sb./sth alone随他去,不干涉,不管,让其独自待着Leave my book alone.别动我的书。Dont think I will leave him alone.别以为我会让他自由自在。let alone 连用译为“更不用说”A 1 year-year-old child c

33、ant even speak,let alone recite poems.21.You cannot have women fallingin love with machines.你不能让妇女爱上机器吧。现在分词作宾语补足语的用法:现在分词作宾语补足语表示的是一个正在持续或进行的主动动作,即句中的宾语和现在分词之间是主动关系,分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,且分词表示的动作处于持续状态。常用的可以用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有两类：1)表示感觉的动词,如see,hear,watch,find,feel,smell,observe,notice,look at,listen

34、to等。2)部分使役动词,如have,keep,get,catch,leave,set等 Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?He kept the car waiting at the gate.注意:现在分词主动式作宾补表示一个正在进行的主动动作,不定式主动式作宾补表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作。I heard him playing the piano in the next room.Now let me hear you play the piano a second time.重点单词拼写1.Nearly al

35、l the students in our class have got full marks in the maths test.Our maths teacher smiled with s_.atisfaction2.I was a_ from the meeting this morning because of the terrible sandstorm.bsent3.Dont forget to s_ down the board before you paint it.mooth4.The old lady was a_ by her daughter to go to the

36、 hospital to have her eyes examined.ccompanied5.An a_ traffic accident happened yesterday afternoon,which claimed seventeen people,including three children.wful6.Many people d_ better working conditions and more education for their children.esire7.A good dictionary is the e_ of all students.nvy8.The

37、 little girl doesnt like making speeches in public;she thinks it e_ her.mbarrasses9.I feel much _(同情)for those homeless people on the street.10.Our hotel offers some _(高雅的)rooms equipped with from air conditioners to TVs with free movies.11.I dont understand why the boy painted his _(手指甲)bright red.

38、sympathyelegantfingernails12.Of course it is not true.What an a_ idea!bsurd13.When he entered the church he found many people kneeling on the _(垫子)to pray.cushions14.The Prime Minister spends most time dealing with a_ of state.15.Our school football team has had three v_ this month against other sch

39、ools.16.I have always _(羡慕)your good luck.ffairsictoriesenvied重点词词形变换1.We had a _ meal together last Sunday.All the guests are very _.(satisfy)satisfyingsatisfied2.Out of _ for the homeless children he gave them shelter for the night.People say he was _.(sympathy)sympathysympathetic3.She has always

40、been _ from work recently.Her boss is very angry with her _ and wants to dismiss her.(absence)absentabsence4.Making speeches in public always _ the actress.She feels _ when the reporters ask her personal questions.(embarrass)embarrassedembarrasses5.I was sleeping soundly in the morning when a teleph

41、one _ me awake.I was even_ to hear the alarming news that another bombing had hit London.(alarm)alarmedalarmed6.The escalator didnt operate _.What can I do to _ away the problem?(smooth)smoothlysmooth根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。1.我们还不准备投入生产,因为机器还没有完全检验完。(test out)We are not ready to go into production yet,be

42、cause the machines have not been fully tested out.2.请稍等一会,我立刻给经理打电话看看他是否在办公室。(ring up)Please wait a moment;I will ring up the manager immediately to see if he is in the office.3.李平听到身后有响声,便转过身来,但什么也没发现。(turn around)Li Ping turned around when he heard a noise behind him but found nothing.4.一宣布运动会开幕,全

43、校师生欢呼雀跃。(declare)The moment the sports meet was declared open,the whole school cheered.5.为什么你只管你自己的事而不管我啊?(leave.alone)Why do you just mind your own business and leave me alone?6.等公共汽车的时候,我习惯浏览一下报纸。(scan)I am used to scanning the newspaper when I am waiting for the bus.7.这些天,装满垃圾的塑料袋在街上逐渐堆了起来。(pile

44、up)Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled up in the street gradually these days.8.为了让别人听见,海伦不得不大声喊以使自己的声音超过音乐声。(make oneself+宾补)To make herself heard,Helen had to shout so that her sound was above the sound of the music.9.我向他提议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。(suggest)I suggested to him that we(should)deal with

45、 the problem in another way.每空填一词,使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。1.Jack is angry at present and wed better not disturb him.Jack is angry at present and wed better _ him _.leavealone2.Dont be nervous.It will not do harm to anyone at all.Take it easy and it will _ no one at all.harm3.I intended to call you yesterda

46、y but my cell phone was out of order.I intended to _ you _ yesterday,but my cell phone was out of order.ringup4.The local government has taken some steps to prevent the forest from being destroyed.Some steps have been taken to _ the forest _ being destroyed by the local government.protectfrom5.Its t

47、he most ridiculous thing I have ever heard in my life.Its the most _ thing I have ever heard in my life.absurd用下列短语的正确形式填空leave.aloneturn aroundsearch forleave offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring offfall in love with1)You shouldnt have _ Andy _ in the mountains;it was very dangerous.leftalo

48、neleave.aloneturn aroundsearch forleave offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring off fall in love with2)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see it _ next year.envy3)He said what he had to say,and then,before I could reply,he _.rang offleave.aloneturn aroundsearch forleave off

49、carry outfall behindset asideturn outring off fall in love with4)Peter _ Scarlet at first sight when they met in a party.fell in love with5)The illness caused him to _ the rest of the class.fall behind6)The tenth of September is specially _ as Teachers Dayset asideleave.aloneturn aroundsearch forlea

50、ve offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring off fall in love with7)Its twelve oclock now,time for us to _ work and have lunch.leave off8)I was afraid that things werent going to _ smooth for you.turn outleave.aloneturn aroundsearch forleave offcarry outfall behindset asideturn outring off fall in love with9)The police _ the prisoner escaping from prison last night.were searching for10)As he walked towards the hotel,he suddenly _ and found an old lady following him.turned around