陕西省某二中高三英语课件：非谓语动词专题.ppt

1、非谓语动词（NON-PREDICATE VERBS）一、明确谓语动词和非谓语动词的形式的区别二、明确谓语动词的否定与非谓语语动词否定的区别三、明确句子谓语的主语与非谓语逻辑主语的区别四、初步掌握分析非谓语动词的方法一、明确谓语动词和非谓语动词的形式的区别（一）阅读下列句子，注意划线部分的谓语动词的构成（时态、语态和语气）1.I have written him two letters so far.2.The building will be finishednext month.3.Listen carefully.4.You should have cleaned the room.（二）

2、阅读下列句子注意划线部分非谓语动词的构成不定式1.The last one to arrive pays the meal.2.He pretended to be listening to me carefully.3.She is said to have just completed a novel.4.The experiment was said to have been done twice.5.The meeting to be held next week is very important.过去分词The meeting held last week is very impo

3、rtant.I found them seated at the back.现在分词1.Dont sit there,doing nothing.2.Having failed to reach them on the phone,we sent an email instead.10.The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft,the most recenthaving been launched at the end of last March.3.The meeting being held now is very

4、important.名称一般形式完成形式进行形式不定式主动形式to taketo have takento be taking不定式被动动形式to be takento have been takenV-ing主动形式takinghaving takenV-ing被动形式being takenhaving been takenVed形式TakenV-ed非谓动词形式归纳总结:不定式前面都有一个小品词to;现在分词是动词后加ing构成；规则过去分词是动词后加ed。The children went home from the grammar school,their lessons _ for

5、the day.2007 重庆卷 A.finishing B.finished C.had finished D.were finished二、明确谓语动词的否定与谓语语动词否定的区别谓语动词非谓语动词He doesnt likemaths.She isnt coming tomorrow.They havent done the experiment.The engine wontstart.You mustnt leave things every where.He didnt play basketball yesterday.Not knowing what to do,he turn

6、ed to the teacher for help.He told me not to open the window.Not well designed,the bridge collapsed soon after it was completed.His not coming on time let me down.阅读下列句子，区别谓语和非谓语的否定归纳总结：谓语动词的否定借助于助动词+not来实现非谓语的否定借助于not来实现Its a long time since I saw my sister._ her this weekend?2007 全国卷I A.Why not vi

7、sit B.why not to visit C.Why not visiting D.Why dont visit 三、明确句子谓语的主语与非谓语逻辑主语的区别阅读下列句子，谓语的主语与非谓语逻辑主语主语逻辑主语The table is made in China.He cant jump that high.The taller of the two boys is absent.To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.What he said was right then.It is said that he will visit China.H

8、e told me to leave at once.（不定式作宾补）He spoke in a loud voice to make himselfheard.（不定式作状语）He offered to help us.（不定式作宾语）Walking in the street,he happened to meet Jane.（分词作状语）The trees planted last year grow well.（定语）People there were all excited at the news.（分词作表语）I found him lying on the grass.（分词宾补

9、）Its important for you to master a foreign language.（不定式的逻辑主语）It was careless of us to forget to lock the door.（不定式的逻辑主语）His leaving is a great loss.（动名词）归纳总结：谓语动词的主语是用名词、代词、不定式、动名词还有从句担任,一般放在谓语动词前面.非谓语动词的逻辑主语是由句子的成分兼任的（作状语由主语、作宾补由宾语、作定语由修饰的中心词、作表语由主语兼任）;（个别不定式使用for sb或of sb 和动名词是用形容词性的物主代词做宾语是可以用宾格

10、来代替）四、初步掌握分析非谓语动词的问题方法一个中心，两个基本点归纳总结：一个句子里有一个主语和一个谓语。狭义上讲：一个句子只有一个主语和一个谓语动词。（二）一个中心，两个基本点1、他躺在那里。He lay there.2、他躺在那里望着天空。A.有连词:B.没有连词:He lay there and looked into the sky.He lay there,looking into the sky.阅读下列句子，观察:非谓语动词语逻辑主语的关系（主动还是被动）；与谓语动词时间的关系（之前、同时还是之后发生）1.He lay there,looking into the sky.2.D

11、riven by a greater demand of vegetables,farmers have built more green houses.3.With Fathers Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank to buy presents.4.Having failed to reach them on the phone,we sent an email instead.5.She is said to have just completed a novel.总结:非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系：

12、表示主动用V-ing、表示被动用V-ed；与谓语动词时间的关系：同时发生用:v-ing的一般形式、发生在之前用:完成形式；发生在之后用:不定式的一般形式。Dont sit there _ nothing.Come and help me with this table.(06湖北34)A.do B.to do C.doing D.and doingIm calling to inquire about the position in yesterdays China Daily.（10北京卷25）.A.advertised B.to be advertised C.advertising D.

13、having advertised There were many talented actors out there just waiting.(江西卷32)A.to discover B.to be discovered C.discovered D.being discovered _ many times,he finally understood it.（四川卷10）A.Told B.Telling C.Having told D.Having been told,you need to give all you have and try your best.（辽宁卷27)A Bei

14、ng a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner阅读下列句子辨析分词不定式的被动语态与过去分词的区别：The meeting being held now is very important.The meeting to be held next week is very important.The meeting held last week is very important.归纳总结：现在分词的被动语态表示动作正在进行、不定式表示将来发生而过去分词表示已经发生。We are invited to a par

15、ty _in our club next Friday.（10山东卷22）A.to be held B.held C.being held D.holding1.The building _now will be a gym.2.The building _next year will be a gym.3.The building _last year is a gym.A.having been built B.to be built C.being built D.built分析：句1中 now 说明大楼正在被修，故用进行式，选C。句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将

16、来的不定式，选B。句3中last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词，选D。（三）独立主格结构1.It rained.2.I stayed at home.A、有连词1、并列句 It rained so/and I stayed at home.并列连词：and,or,but,so,for,when,while,neither nor,either or,not but,not only but also2、复合句Because it rained yesterday,I stayed at home.B、没连词It raining,I stay

17、ed at home.1.It rained.2.I stayed at home.（三）独立主格结构With the problems settled,the boss felt relaxed.With a lot of dishes to wash,I can not go with you.With a lot of dishes to be washed,the kitchen is out of order.归纳总结：两个句子分别要有自己的主语和谓语，如果用并列连词连接就形成并列句；用从属连词连接就构成复合句。但是两部分放在一起，没有连词连接那就是一个句子，就一个主语和谓语，另一部

18、分就是名词+非谓语。The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft,the most recent _at the end of last March.2007 山东卷 Ahas been launched Bhaving been launched Cbeing launched Dto be launched（四）连词+分词When walking along the street yesterday,I met Mr.Wang.I wont go there,unless invited.Every evening af

19、ter dinner,if not_from work,I will spend some time walking my dog.(10湖南卷21）A.being tiredB.tiring C.tired D.to be tired1.Suddenly,a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away_ into the woods.(04上海春季）A.seizing,disappeared B.seized,disappeared C.seizing,disappearing D.seized,disapp

20、earing2._ the project as planned,well have to work two more hours a day.（09湖南卷30）A.Completing B.Complete C.Completed D.To complete3._that he was in great danger,Eric walked deeper into the forest.（09浙江卷10）A.Not realized B.Not to realize C.Not realizing D.Not to have realized5.at my classmates faces,

21、I read the same excitement in their eyes.(10北京卷21)A.Looking B.Look C.To look D.Looked6.Mrs.White showed her student some old maps _from the library.(10全国I 27)A.to borrow B.to be borrowed C.borrowed D.borrowing7.Dina,_ for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertis

22、ing agency.（10湖南卷26）A.struggling B.struggled C.having struggled D.to struggle8.There were many talented actors out there just waiting.(10江西卷32)A.to discover B.to be discovered C.discoveredD.being discovered9.Though _to see us,the professor gave us a warm welcome.(10全国II)A.surprising B.was surprised C.surprised D.being surprised10.In order to make our city green,_.A.it is necessary to have planted more trees B.many more trees need to plant C.our city needs more trees D.we must plant more treesThank you!