高一英语同步精品课件：MODULE 5 GREAT PEOPLE AND GREAT INVENTIONS OF ANCIENT CHINA - READING（外研版必修3）.ppt

1、1order1)n.次序；顺序；状况；工作状况in order of.照(依)排列in order of size/importance 按大小/重要性排列out of order 不整齐；状况不佳in good order 井井有条in order 处于正常情况；情况良好；整齐keep order 维护秩序注意：以上短语中不使用冠词。2)vt.命令；吩咐(1)跟不定式的复合结构。The emperor ordered them to work at once.皇帝命令他们马上干活。(2)跟带介词短语或副词的复合结构。He ordered us to the front.他命令我们奔赴前线。(

2、3)跟从句(从句中用(should)动词原形)。He ordered that we(should)do it at once.他命令我们马上做此事。(4)跟名词。The chairman ordered silence.主席要大家安静。3)vt.叫(菜等)；定(订)货Its time we ordered dinner.现在该点饭菜了。4)n.命令；吩咐(常用复数)The policeman gave orders to the thief to take out the things he had stolen.警察命令小偷把所偷的东西交出来。知识拓展in order to/that 为了

3、place an order for sth.with sb.向某人订购order sb.to do sth.命令某人干某事高考直击(2010天 津 1)He telephoned the travel agency to_ three air tickets to London.A.order B.arrange C.take D.book解析：考查动词意义。句意：他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。book和tickets搭配，是“订票”的意思。答案：D即学即用He got up early_he could get there on time.Ain order toBin order

4、 thatCso as to Dthat答案：B2principle n.C原则；准则；原理It is against my principle to tell a lie.撒谎是违背我的原则的。He doesnt invest in the arms industry on principle.他根据自己的准则，不投资军火工业。Do you know the principle of the jet engine?你知道喷气式发动机的原理吗？搭配in principle 原则上；大体上We accept the item in principle.原则上我们接受了这个条款。We agree

5、in the principle but we dislike your methods.大体上我们同意，但我们不喜欢你的方法。on principle 根据原则/准则He dealt with the problem on principle.他根据既定原则处理那个问题。即学即用完成句子We must _ _ _ _.我们必须坚持原则。答案：stick to our principle.3stress vt.强调；施压于；使紧张 n.C，U强调；压力；重音I must stress that we havent much time.我必须强调我们没有多少时间了。The weight stre

6、ssed the bridge to the point of damaging it.载重负荷把桥压得达到损坏的程度。I think her headaches are caused by stress.我认为她的头疼是由于压力造成的。You should pay special attention to stress and intonation while you are reading.在阅读时，你要特别注意重音和语调。He stressed the need for understanding between nations.他强调国家间互相谅解的必要。The Government

7、lays stress on welfare work.政府着重于福利事业。The detective placed great stress on details.侦探特别强调细节。be under great stress 压力很大He is under great stress because of his new job.新工作使他感到压力很大。即学即用In the future,more stress should be placed _ the education of the young.AonBtoCforDwith答案：A4position n.位置1)n.C职位；工作(同p

8、ost)She got a position as an interpreter.她得到了一个作翻译的工作。2)n.地位；身份Do you know his position?你知道他的身份吗？3)n.C位置；地点Can you show me the position of your village on the map?你能在地图上把你们村的位置指给我看吗？4)n.C姿态；姿势He lay in a comfortable position.他躺的姿势很舒坦。5)(常用单数)境况；形势；立场；处境Youve put me in a very difficult position.你让我身处

9、困境。知识拓展have/get a position in 谋得一个职位lose ones position 失业hold a high/low position 地位高/低in a position to do 能做的in ones position 处于某人的境地in position 在应用的位置；在适当的地位out of position 在错误的位置6)vt.把放置在；确定的位置You must position yourself where you can see the blackboard.你必须坐在能看见黑板的地方。高考直击(2009陕西)From their_on the

10、top of the TV Tower,visitors can have a better view of the city.A.stage B.position C.condition D.situation解析：考查名词词义辨析。stage“舞台；时期；阶段”；position“位置”；condition“条件；情况”；situation“形势，情况；情景”；根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。句意为“从他们在电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。”答案：B即学即用完成句子What would you do _ _ _？你要是碰到我这样的情况怎么办？答案：in

11、 my position5resign n.辞去(职务)；v.辞去，辞职Miss Wang resigned her position as secretary.王女士辞去了秘书职务。The president was forced to resign.总统被迫辞职。搭配resign from office/a job 辞职He resigned from his office because of the low salary.他因为工资太低，辞职了。联想retire vi.退休My father retired at the age of 60.我父亲60岁时退休了。She retired

12、 early from teaching.他从教学岗位上提前退休了。即学即用翻译句子她只好听天由命了。_答案：She resigned herself to her fate.6adviser n.C顾问Youd better get a legal adviser.你最好请一位法律顾问。He is a technical adviser in our factory.他是我们厂的一名技术顾问。助记adviser是以er结尾的名词。以er结尾的名词还有：singer 歌手speaker 讲话者cleaner 清洁工farmer 农民worker 工人winner 胜利者teacher 老师dr

13、iver 司机waiter 服务员友情提示advice是不可数名词。advice后的表语从句、同位语从句要用虚拟语气。其结构是：从句主语should do，should可以省略。The advice he gave was that I(should)take medical advice.他给我提的忠告是我应请教医生。He gave me advice that I(should)do more exercise every day.他建议我每天多锻炼。高考直击(2007安徽)Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh,yes.How often I have regret

14、ted_hisadvice.Ato take BtakingCnot to take Dnot taking解析：take ones advice“接受某人的建议”；regret not to do sth.“后悔没有做某事”。由句意可知作者没有接受他的建议，故用regret not to do sth.。答案：C即学即用英译汉a financial adviser _a special adviser on foreign affairs _答案：财务顾问 外交特别顾问1bring up v.1)抚养；教养He was brought up by his uncle.他是由他叔叔养大的。2)

15、呕吐(throw up)He was so sick that he brought up everything.他恶心地把东西全吐出来了。3)提出He brought up a new suggestion at the meeting.他在会上提出了一个新的设想。知识拓展bring back 记起bring in 收入；引进；带进bring down 使降低；刮倒bring on 引起；使前进bring about 使发生；导致bring forward 提出bring out 拿出；出版即学即用The Internet has brought _big changes in the wa

16、y we work.Aabout BoutCback Dup答案：A2be at war with与交战Now the two countries are at war with each other.现在这两个国家正在交战。知识拓展go to war 宣战；进入战争状态a civil/cold war 内战/冷战make/declare war on.对宣战fight/conduct a war 打仗；作战win a war 赢得战争be at peace 处于和平live in peace 生活宁静make peace with 与讲和即学即用完成句子German has _ _ on F

17、rance.答案：declared war3be different from 与不同My opinions are different from yours.我的意见与你的不同。City life is very different from country life.都市生活与乡村生活迥然不同。强 调 different时，要 用 副 词very,much，quite，entirely，totally 等。知识拓展be different from 的反义词组是the same as.My bag is the same as yours.我的袋子和你的相同。difference n不同d

18、ifferently adv.不同地differ v.不同 difficult adj.困难的即学即用填空Chinese _ greatly from English in pronunciation.The eating habit in the north are very _ those in the south.答案：differsdifferent fromMencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.孟子认为不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。第一个that引导

19、宾语从句，在宾语从句中又含有why引导的定语从句和that引导的表语从句。The reason why.is that.的理由是The reason why he was absent from the meeting was that he was ill.他缺席会议是因为他病了。知识拓展1)reason作先行词被定语从句修饰时，引导定语从句的关系词要根据定语从句中所缺的成分确定。定语从句缺少原因状语，使用why或for which；定语从句中缺少主语、定语，定语从句应使用that或which或省略。I wont accept the reason(that/which)he explain

20、ed for his being late.我不会接受他对于他的迟到所做的解释。2)The reason why.is that.其中that引导表语从句，不可以换用because。The reason why he was late was that he met with an accident on the road.他迟到的原因是他在路上遭遇了一起事故。3)because引导原因状语从句。He was late because he met with an accident on the road.他因为在路上遭遇了一起事故而迟到了。4)That is because.中because

21、引导的表语从句表述原因：That is why.中why引导的表语从句表述结果。He was late.That was because he met with an accident on the road.他迟到了。那是因为他在路上遭遇了一起事故。He met with an accident on the road.That was why he was late.他在路上遭遇了一起事故。那就是他迟到的原因。高考直击(2010上海36)One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A.that B.how C.what D.why解析：此处考查的是表语从句。考察that引导表语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。答案：A即学即用Is this the reason_at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?Ahe explained Bwhat he explainedCwhy he explained Dhow explained答案：A