高中英语译林版模块五Unit 1 Grammar and usage(1) To infinitive课件(共62张PPT).ppt

1、1.She gave me a _(determine)look.2.Wang Peng was _(amaze)at this and especially at the prices.3._(build)in 1885,it was the oldest car taking part.4.John Snow wanted _(face)the challenge and solve this problem.determinedamazedBuiltto faceComplete the following sentences.5.Two years ago she bought an

2、expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me _(buy)one.6.He enjoys _(listen)to violin music.7.Since then,_(find)ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.8.That was very _(exhaust).to buylisteningfindingexhausting非谓语动词动词不定式、动词的-ing形式和动词的-ed形式。结构为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。动词不定式动词不定式的作用Fun

3、ctions of Infinitive 1 主语(subject)2 表语(predicative)3 宾语(object)4 宾补(object complement)5 定语(attribute)6 状语(adverbial)一、不定式作主语(subject)To keep smiling is healthy for you.Its important to look up the new words in the dictionary when you study English.单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式后置。My job to

4、protect the world二、不定式作表语(predicative)Seeing is to believe.To see is believing.Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.不定式常用在系动词 be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表语。All you have to do is(to)finish the job quickly.如果主语部分有个表示不定式内容的do,用作表语的不定式省略to。Jeremy Lin likes to playbasketball.The girl decided to do i

5、t herself.We hope to get there before dark.三、不定式作宾语(object)常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree,afford,appear,ask,attempt,choose,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,hesitate,hope,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,want,wish,.四、不定式作宾补(object complement)My mum asks me to p

6、lay the pianotwo hours every day.The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.常接不定式作宾补的动词：warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等+sb.to do sth.notice listen to hearwatch 五看 seelook at observe三使letmakehave二听一感觉:feel+sb.do sth.（不带to）1.They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tr

7、ee.The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.当以上的动词用于被动式，to要还原：2.Mother made John wash the car for a week.John was made to wash the car for a week.不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to。1)She could do nothing but cry.2)I have no choice but to go.3)What do you like

8、 to do besides sleep.五、不定式作定语(attribute)1.Kate is looking for a suitable coat to wear.2.Tom has a nice pen to write with.1.不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后(a)She was very busy and had no timeto visit her friends.(b)Ladies and gentlemen,I have something important to tell you.不定式作定语2.当被the first,the last,the onl

9、y等词以及形容词最高级修饰时以及先行词为抽象名词时；eg:She is always the first to come and the last to leave.3.something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。eg:Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.5.如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当的介词。Please pass me some paper to write _.on4.也可用在have to do和there be句型中。There is no

10、 one to take care of her.I have no jewelry to wear.I got up early to _.in order to,so as to,enough to,only to,too.tocatch the train六、不定式作状语(adverbial)在一些短语中也有体现eg:He spoke loudly(so as/in order)to be heard.1)表示目的:to in order to so as to不定式作状语2)表示原因:不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager

11、,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed等。eg:Im glad/pleased to see you.We were surprised to hear the news.so+adj./adv.+as to do such+n.+as to do He was so foolish as to believe it.=He was such a fool as to believe it.=He was foolish enough to believe it.3)结果状语:To tell the truth

12、,I am not happy at the moment.to be frank to be honest to tell the truth七、独立结构(absolute construction)1.It is good to help others.2.It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.3.My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I

13、grow up.Identify its function.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想4.I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.5.I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake.6.A big company has decided to buy it from me.7.My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.(attribute)(attrib

14、ute)(object)(object)8.I have had to work hard to live a normal life.9.Some days I am too tired to get out of bed.10.We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people.(adverbial)(adverbial)(object complement)在动词末加-ing 形式构成。否定形式：not+-ing 构成动词-ing形式动词-ing形式时态和语态1.直接置于句首(1

15、)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do.捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。(2)Learning new words is very important for me.学习新单词对我来说非常重要。(3)Talking is easier than doing.说比做容易。动词-ing形式作主语2.用形式主语it，把真正的主语-ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。(1)It is useless trying to argue with Shylock.和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的

16、。(2)Its worth making the effort.这事值得努力去做。(3)It is pleasant working with you.跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。It+be+a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做是没益/用处的It is/was no worth doing 做不值得常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：1.只能后接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词或短语，常见的有avoid,consider,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,delay,escape,imag

17、ine,mind,miss,practise,fancy,give up,put off,risk等。I cant avoid going.我不能不去。动词-ing形式作宾语2.A.在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同，动词-ing形式表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B.在begin/start,continue之后，用动词-ing和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是人的时候。C.在动词forget,remember,regret，cant help,propose,stop try to do(设法)，t

18、ry doing(试试)，mean to do(打算，有意要做)，mean doing(意思是，意味着)go on doing 继续做一直在做的事；go on to do 接着做另一件事 Please go on doing the same exercise.请接着做同一个练习。Please go on to do the other exercise.请做另外一个练习。3.作介词宾语下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式：devote to,object to,pay attention to,get down to,lead to,look forward to,stic

19、k to,be used to等。In doing our work,we must pay attention to ways and means.He was looking forward to working with the new manager.动词-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。His brother,working as a teacher,lives in Beijing.=His brother,who is working as a teacher,lives in Beijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住

20、在北京。1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。When we returned to the school,we found a stranger standing at the entrance.当我们回到学校时，发现一个陌生人站在大门口。动词-ing形式作宾语补足语2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see,watch,notice,observe,look at,hear,listen to,feel,find,等。a.We saw a light burning in th

21、e window.b.I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.a.Im sorry to have kept you waiting.b.You wont catch me doing that again(2)表示指使意义的动词，常见的有keep,catch,leave等。playing football used as the subjectPlaying football is my favourite sport.My sister enjoys standing alone on the seashore.standing used as

22、 the objectThe cartoon is amusing.amusing used as the predicative说出下面句中动词-ing部分在句中作什么成分。China is developing country.developing used as the attributeWe heard her singing in her room.singing used as the object complementShe sat at the desk reading a newspaper.reading used as the adverbial过去分词作状语与现在分词作

23、状语的区别在于:过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系,而现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系。Seeing in this light,the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.Seen in this light,the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.提示1.爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_ are both great happiness.2.据说他已经完成了他的工作。He is said _ _.3.根据报道他们已安全到达。They are reported

24、_ _.To love and to be lovedto have finished/completedhis workII.Translation.to have arrived safely4.我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。I want this bike _5.我要去北京看我叔叔。I am going to Beijing _ my uncle.6.病人被警告术后不准吃油腻食物。The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.to be repaired at onceto visit not to eat7._(请保持坐着)

25、and keep your seat-belts _ (系好).8.To learn English well,you should seek every opportunity to _(尽可能多地听别人讲英语).Please remain seatedfastenedspoken as much as you canhear English9.As we know,_(污染了的水)is harmful to peoples health.10._ (三年前建造的这座桥)has played an important part in this areas traffic.11.You sho

26、uld read newspapers every day to _ (使自己知道)whats happening in the world.(inform)polluted waterThe bridge built three years agomake yourself informed about12.The young teacher is very popular among her students for she always tries to _(使他们感兴趣)her lectures.(get)13._(受伤的工人)are now being taken good care

27、 of in the hospital.(injure)14.She was glad _ _(看到她的孩子们受到很好的照顾)in the nursery.(look after)get them interested inThe injured workersto see her children welllooked after15.打孩子弊大于利。_ will do more harm than good.16.我建议去海边度假。I _ on holiday.17.只抱怨不行动是无用的。It is no use _ _.Beating a childsuggest going to th

28、e seaside complaining without taking action18.在我们家里不容许吸烟。We dont _.19.是该开始考虑你自己的未来了。It is time to get down to _ _.20.菲尔公开承认犯了一个严重错误。Phil openly admitted _ _.21.与你交谈是一件开心的事。It is a great pleasure _.allow smoking in our house thinking about your future making a serious mistaketalking with you22.他的一个坏习

29、惯就是吃饭时抽烟。One of his bad habits is _ _.23.当心滚石！Watch out for the _.24.他的话立刻把学生们逗笑了。His words immediately _ _.25.绝不要让孩子们自己在水边玩耍。Never leave children _ _.smoking while having dinnerrolling stones set the students laughing playing near water by themselvesI crossed the street _(avoid)meeting him,but he s

30、aw me and came running towards me.It was no use _(pretend)that I had not seen him,so I waved to him.I never enjoy _(meet)Nigel Dykes.He never has anything _(do).pretendingmeetingIII.阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。to avoidto doNo matter how busy you are,he always insists on _(come)with you.I

31、had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.Hello,Nigel,I said.Fancy meeting you here!Hi,Elizabeth,Nigel answered.I was just wondering how to spend the morning until I saw you.Youre not busy _(do)anything,are you?comingdoingNo,not at all,I answered.Im going to.Would

32、you mind my coming with you?he asked,before I had finished _(speak).Not at all,I lied,but Im going to the dentist.Then Ill come with you,he answered.Theres always plenty _(read)in the _(wait)room!speakingto readwaitingLast Christmas,the circus owner,Jimmy Gates,decided _(take)some presents to a chil

33、drens hospital._(dress)up as Father Christmas and _(accompany)by a guard of honour of six pretty girls,he set off down the main street of the city _(ride)a baby elephant _(call)Jumbo.He should have known _(连词)the police would never allow this sort of thing.A policeman approachedDressedaccompaniedrid

34、ingcalledthatto takeJimmy and told him he ought to have gone along a side street as Jumbo was holding up the traffic.Though Jimmy agreed _(go)at once,Jumbo refused _(move).Fifteen policemen had to push very hard _(get)him off the main street.The police had a difficult time,but they were most _(amuse

35、).Jumbo must weigh a few tons,said a policeman afterwards,so it was fortunate that we didnt have to carry him.Of course,we should arrest him,but as he has a good record,we shall let him off this time.amusedto goto moveto getOnce a year,an _(interest)race _(hold)for old cars.You may find this race _(

36、astonish).A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began.One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost.The most unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheels._(build)in 1885,it was the oldest car _(take)part.interesting

37、astonishingtakingis heldBuiltAfter a great many loud explosions,the race began.Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them!A few cars,however,completed the race.The _(win)car reached a speed of forty miles _ hour much _(fast)than any of it

38、s rivals.It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying _(stop)it.The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure.It was very _(excite).winningexcitinganfasterto stopOur vicar(牧师)is always raising money for one cause or another,but he has never managed _(get)enoug

39、h money to have the church clock _(repair).The big clock _ used to strike the hours day and night _ _(damage)many years ago and has been silent ever since.One night,however,our vicar woke up with a start:the clock _(strike)the hours!repairedwhichwas damagedto getwas striking_(look)at his watch,he sa

40、w _ it was one oclock,but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped._(arm)with a torch,the vicar went up into the clock tower _(see)what was going on.In the torchlight,he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized _ Bill Wilkins,our local grocer.Whatever are you doing up here Bill?asked the vicar _ surprise.Im trying _(repair)the bell,answered Bill.LookingthatArmedasinto seeto repair