2021-2022学年新教材人教版英语必修第一册学案：UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS 教学知识细解码 WORD版含解析.DOC

1、1fit vt.&vi.合身；适合adj.健康的；合适的fitness n健康；健壮；适合2host vt.主办；主持n.主人；东道主；节目主持人hostess n女主人；女老板；女服务员3gym n健康房；体育馆gymnastics n体操(训练)4honour n荣誉；尊敬；荣幸honourable adj.光荣的；高尚的5champion n冠军；优胜者championship n锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号6determine vt.决定；判决determination n决心；决定determined adj.坚决的；下定决心的7injure vt.使受伤；损害injured adj.受

2、伤的；有伤的injury n伤害；损伤8grace n优雅；魅力graceful adj.优美的；优雅的9strength n力量；体力strong adj.强壮的strengthen vt.加强；巩固10fail v失败；不及格failure n失败；失败的人(或事物)1work out锻炼；计算出；解决；制订出I work out regularly to keep fit.锻炼You have to work out a plan as quickly as possible.制订出You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers

3、.计算出Tom came up with a way to work out the physical problem.解决2make it获得成功；准时到达；出现She made it in films when she was still a teenager.获得成功We just made it in time for the wedding.准时到达I cant make it on Friday.出现；到场3event n比赛项目；重大事情；公开活动The most attractive event in the sports meet was the gymnastics com

4、petition.比赛项目A daughters marriage is quite an event for a father.重大事情Our teacher encourages us to take an active part in all kinds of social events.公开活动Words and Phrases知识要点1come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快；出现(教材P36)Would you like to come along?你想要跟着去吗？例1He is coming along well in English.他在英语上进步很大。例2Come alo

5、ng！There is little time.快点！时间不多了。知识拓展come up (with) 想出；提出come about 发生come across 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现come out 出来；(书等)出版；发行come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到come true 实现即学即练用come的相关短语完成下面情景Yesterday when I was walking along the street，I came_across(遇见)Tom；he came_up (走近) and told me that his book would come_out (出版)t

6、he next week，and that his dream would come_true(实现)He happily invited me for a drink and asked me if I would like to come_along (一起去)知识要点2set an example 树立榜样(教材P38)They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others.他们作为运动员必须是自己体育项目上的佼佼者，并且也为他人树立了良好的榜样。例1You s

7、hould be setting an example to your little brother.你应该为你弟弟树立榜样。例2We should follow Jims example and work hard.我们应该以吉姆为榜样，努力工作。知识拓展follow sb.s example 学某人的样子；以某人为榜样be an example to sb. 成为某人的榜样for example 例如give an example 举例即学即练用example的相关短语完成句子We Chinese people are all called on to learn from Lei Fen

8、g，who we think sets_a_good_example to all of us.We made many improvements to our house；for_example，we painted the walls and bought new carpets.Theres a lot in what you say，but please give_an_example.知识要点3honour n尊敬；崇敬；荣幸；荣誉vt.尊敬；敬重(教材P38)As a player，Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.

9、作为一名运动员，郎平为祖国争光，赢得了荣誉。例1Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster.下个月，该市将开放一个新公园，以纪念在这场重大灾难中遇难的人们。例2It is my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn at senior high.我很荣幸能在这里与你分享关于高中要学习什么的看法。知识拓展(1)in honour of/in ones honour 为了

10、表示对的敬意；为了纪念have the honour to do/of doing. 有幸做Its an honour to do. 很荣幸做(2)be/feel honoured to do/of doing.为做而感到荣幸(3)honourable adj. 光荣的；高尚的；尊敬的即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换I feel honoured(honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading skills.I have the honour to_make(make)a speech t

11、o welcome the respected guests.We celebrate Teachers Day every year in honour of teachers.I feel it a great honour that I will be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.I feel it a great honour to_be_invited_to_speak at the meeting before so many students.(改成非谓语动词形式)知识要点4fall apart

12、破裂；破碎；崩溃(教材P38)The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.郎平一手打造的队伍正在分崩离析。例1I think this old chair is falling apart.我觉得这把旧椅子要散架了。例2They used to be close friends，but fell apart not long ago.她们曾经是亲密的朋友，但不久前关系破裂了。知识拓展fall down 摔倒fall off 从上掉下来fall behind 落后；跟不上fall over 跌倒；绊倒fall into 养成；染上fal

13、l out (头发等)脱落；吵翻小片段填空A banana skin fell_off the table.The little girl didnt see it.She stepped on it and fell_over.What was worse，her bowl broke into pieces.Quickly，her mother ran in and picked her up.If she falls_into the habit of depending on parents in everything，the girl will fall_behind others

14、in time.香蕉皮从桌子上掉下来。小女孩没有看见。她踩到上面滑倒了。更糟的是，她的碗摔成了碎片。她妈妈立刻跑进来扶起她。如果小女孩养成事事依赖父母的习惯，她迟早会落后于其他孩子的。知识要点5lose heart 丧失信心；泄气(教材P38)Losing two important players was a big challenge，but Lang Ping did not lose heart.失去两名得力干将是个严峻的挑战，但郎平没有灰心丧气。例1Though beaten by the visiting team，they didnt lose heart.虽然被客队击败，但他们

15、没有丧失信心。例2In spite of so many difficulties，they never lose heart.尽管有这么多困难，但他们从未失去信心。知识拓展(1)lose ones heart to爱上put ones heart into 一心扑在上learn sth.by heart 背诵；记牢strike.into ones heart 使刻骨铭心(2)heart and soul 全心全意地from the bottom of ones heart 从某人的心底即学即练单句语法填空Tom put his heart into the wildlife research

16、, and finally, his effort earned him international respect.You have learned the poem by heart, but it doesnt necessarily mean that you have fully understood its meaning.I dont want to go away without thanking you from the bottom of my heart.小片段填空When he was a child，he lost_his_heart_to writing poems

17、.Though he put_his_heart_into poetry for many years，it seemed as if nothing had been achieved.However，he would never lose_heart.当他还是个孩子时就爱上了写诗。尽管多年来他全心全意地写诗，但看起来似乎还是一无所成。然而，他永远不会灰心。知识要点6failure n失败；失败的人(或事物)；故障(教材P38)Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures.乔丹说，他成功的秘诀

18、就是从失败中吸取教训。例1It was evident that the policy was a failure.很明显，这个政策是失败的。例2I dont think I am a failure because I believe failure is the mother of success.我认为我不是一个失败者，因为我相信失败是成功之母。知识拓展(1)end in failure 以失败告终heart failure 心脏衰竭(2)fail v. 失败；未能；失灵；不足；缺乏；突然失去fail to do. 未能做fail in. 在中失败名师点津(1)failure作“失败”讲

19、时是不可数名词，表示抽象意义；作“失败者，失败的事”讲时是可数名词，表示具体意义。这种用法被称为“抽象名词的具体化”。(2)类似用法的词有：单词不可数可数success成功成功的人/事danger危险危险的人/因素surprise吃惊意想不到的事business生意企业beauty美丽美人即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子As for students like us, we should have a good attitude towards failure (fail)I dont think the experiment is a failure，because it has provid

20、ed us with a valuable experience for future tests.He failed_to_pass_the_exam,_which made his parents very angry.他考试不及格，这使他的父母很生气。知识要点7give up 放弃；投降(教材P38)Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up.比赛失利教会了他更加努力的训练和永不放弃。例1I tried to persuade him to give up smoking，but failed.我试图说服他戒烟

21、，但失败了。例2She decided to give up her job and start a coffee bar.她决定辞去工作，开一家咖啡馆。知识拓展give away 分发；赠送；泄露give back 归还give off 发出(光、热、声音、气味等)give out 分发；用完；耗尽give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交即学即练单句语法填空Once you have made up your mind to do something，youd better not give up.At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go divi

22、ng, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.Students were glad to give away some of their books to children in poor mountainous areas.Her radio is giving out a strange signal.The rotting apple usually gives off a bad smell.Sentence Patterns重点句式1seem to do 似乎(教材P38)In the f

23、inal seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed_to_find a way to win.在比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总是能找到获胜的方法。句式分析本句是一个简单句。In the final seconds of a game是介词短语作时间状语，主句是主系表结构，to win是动词不定式短语作定语修饰way。例1Mr. Black seemed to be quite happy.布莱克先生好像十分快乐。例2The little boy seems to know the answer to the question.那个小男孩似乎知道问题的答案。知

24、识拓展(1)主语seem(to be)表语，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。(2)It seemsthat从句，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。(3)Thereseem to be名词，其中to be可省略。seem的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。(4)It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么。There seems to be much hope of our beating that team.看来我们有很大的希望战胜那

25、个队。即学即练完成句子Mrs White doesnt seem_to_like the idea.怀特夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。The children seemed to_be_reading in the room.孩子们好像正在房间里读书。The young man seemed to_have_changed much.这个年轻人看起来变化很大。重点句式2现在完成进行时(教材P38)The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has_been_helping young people since 1996.他(乔丹)在芝加哥

26、所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。句式分析本句主句时态为现在完成进行时，这一时态主要用于表示过去开始并一直延续的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在进行。例1I have been ringing you several times in two days.这两天我给你打过好几次电话。例2Since the time humankind started gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful.自从人类开创园艺工作以来，我们一直在努力使我们的环境更加美丽。知识拓展现在完成进行时由

27、“have/has been现在分词”构成，其基本用法如下：(1)表示从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作，并且仍在进行。(2)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，在说话时刚刚结束。(3)现在完成进行时有时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。即学即练完成句子The Chinese have_been_making_paper for nearly two thousand years.中国有将近2 000年的造纸历史。I have_been_learning_English since three years ago.自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。We have_

28、been_waiting_for_you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个小时了。Great changes have_taken_place_ since you left.你离开后，发生了巨大的变化。1They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others.分析本句为复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰athletes。从句中are和set是并列谓语。译文他们作为运动员必须是自己体育项目上的佼佼者，并且也为他人树立了良好的榜样。2She had fa

29、ced difficulties before，and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team.分析 本句是由and连接的两个并列句，后一个句子中that从句作knew的宾语，同时that从句中又有一个if引导的条件状语从句。译文她曾面对无数艰难困苦，知道年轻队员们只要团结一致，定能夺取胜利。教材高考1.As a player，Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.Through it all，she remained i

30、n good academic standing and graduated with honours.(2020新高考全国卷)2.An athlete should think about honour and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.Museums must compete for peoples spare time and money with other amusements.(2020新高考全国卷)3.You can make it.She left before I could even ma

31、ke it to the door to offer my thanks.(2019天津卷).单句语法填空1The success or failure (fail) of the plan depends on you.2It took Susan weeks to regain her strength (strong) after a bad illness.3The boy is athletic, especially good at football and has won many medals (medal)4I woke up sweating (sweat) and ner

32、vous，but ready to prove something to myself.5He fought the illness with courage and determination (determine)6. The number of people doing fitness (fit) training is on the increase.7I am lucky as I am one of the hosts(host)8Such a man is an honour to his country.9Twothirds of people died or were inj

33、ured (injure) during the earthquake.10He has_been_cycling(cycle) to work for the last three weeks.短语填空come along，track and field，work out，fall apart，lose heart，make it，set an example，prepare for，share.with.，give up1His spoken English has_come_along a lot recently.2He works_out every day to build up

34、his strength.3He is afraid that their marriage will fall_apart.4Lang Ping set_an_example for all the athletes at home and abroad.5I believe I can make_it to the top of the mountain.6He didnt lose_heart even though he was beaten many times.7She wanted to be a doctor, but a serious eye problem forced

35、her to give_up.8He won several medals in the track_and_field competitions.9I shared a dormitory with some other students.10We need to take action to prepare_for the game from now on.课文语法填空Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are athletes who are masters in their sport.When the Chinese team was preparing for

36、 the 2015 World Cup，Lang Pings determination 1.was_tested(test)The team that Lang Ping had built was falling 2.apart. Two players had to leave.3.Losing(lose) two important players was a big challenge，but Lang Ping did not lose heart.She knew that her young players could win 4.if they worked together

37、 as a team.Two weeks later，they were world champions!Michael Jordan who became 5.known(know) as“Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps.His skills were impressive，but the mental 6.strength(strong)that he showed made him unique.Jordan says that the secret to his success is 7.

38、learning(learn) from his failures.Losing games taught him 8.to_practise (practise) harder and never give up.In life，Jordan has learnt to share his success with others.The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago 9.has_been_helping (help)young people since 1996.They set good examples 10.for us and we are proud of them.