2020版高考英语人教版通用一轮课时作业 14ASTRONOMY THE SCIENCE OF THE STARS WORD版含解析.doc

1、课时作业(十四)必修Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars.阅读理解A2019重庆第二次调研The Belt and Road started people going around. Now 2019 is slowly coming to the middle, which means its time to start brainstorming your plans for the next half year. Here weve just released the top four places to visit.Seville, Spa

2、inSeville has traded heavy traffic for bicycles and trams in recent years, making it an enjoyable city to visit and get around. And the city is known for its beautiful Moorish architecture. This year its celebrating the 400th anniversary of Bartolom Esteban Murillo, a baroque (巴洛克风格的) painter and a

3、native of Seville.Detroit, AmericaIn recent years, Detroit has transformed from a heap of abandoned sites to a fashionable city that boasts trendy galleries, hotels, and bike shops. Theres a hockey and basketball arena (竞技场) downtown and three new parks that will help extend the riverfront trail. Pl

4、us, getting to all of Detroits hotspots is easy thanks to the QLine streetcar.Canberra, AustraliaTheres a lot happening in Canberra this year. For the first time ever, the capital city will host a cricket (板球) Test match between Australia and Sri Lanka at the Manuka Oval. Outside of this event, the

5、city is full of national landmarks, as well as plenty of memorable cultural and cooking experiences.Hamburg, GermanyHamburgs new 789 million euro concert hall is the very reason to visit this northern German city in 2019. The hall took years to complete, but its striking glass walls and contrasting

6、brick bottom are a sight to view. The hall is conveniently located in HafenCity port area, which stretches along the Elbe River and is home to riverfront bars and busy nightlife.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。“一带一路”让国人的眼光投向世界。2019年即将过半，下半年世界上最值得一游的四个地方是西班牙的Seville、美国的Detroit、澳大利亚的Canberra和德国的Hamburg。【难句分析】Now 2019

7、is slowly coming to the middle, which means its time to start brainstorming your plans for the next half year.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“which means its time to start brainstorming your plans for the next half year”为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个句子，在从句中作主语。译文：现在2019年正慢慢走向年中阶段，这意味着是时候开始考虑你下半年的计划了。1In which column

8、 (栏目) of a magazine can you most probably find such a passage?ASports.BCulture.CTravel. DArchitecture.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。通读全文可知，文章第一段最后一句“Here weve just released the top four places to visit”为全文的主旨句；结合文章介绍了2019年下半年世界上最值得一游的四个地方，即西班牙的Seville、美国的Detroit、澳大利亚的Canberra和德国的Hamburg可知，本文最可能出现在旅游栏目中，故C项正确。2Where

9、 can you enjoy both sports and riverbank sights or views?ASeville. BDetroit.CCanberra. DHamburg.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。由题干关键词“both sports and riverbank sights or views”定位至第三段第二句“Theres a hockey and basketball arena (竞技场) downtown and three new parks that will help extend the riverfront trail”，据此可知，美国的Detroit

10、有一个曲棍球和篮球竞技场和三个新公园，这些新公园延长了河边小道，故在美国的Detroit你可以享受河岸美景和体育运动，故B项正确。3If you are interested in architectural styles, you may choose to visit _.ASeville and Detroit BDetroit and CanberraCCanberra and Hamburg DHamburg and Seville答案与解析：D考查细节理解。由题干关键词“architectural styles”定位至第二段的第二句“And the city is known fo

11、r its beautiful Moorish architecture”，据此可知，西班牙的Seville以其美丽的摩尔式建筑而闻名，故西班牙的Seville值得对建筑风格感兴趣的人一游；根据尾段第二句“The hall took years to complete, but its striking glass walls and contrasting brick bottom are a sight to view”可知，该音乐厅经数年时间才建成，它那引人注目的玻璃墙和与之形成对比的砖砌的底部是值得一看的景观，据此可知，德国的Hamburg值得对建筑风格感兴趣的人一游。故D项正确。B2

12、019西宁检测一For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaces

13、hips traveling through space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages.Scientists are using powerful radio telescopes to listen to signals from about 1,000 stars, all within 100 light years of the earth. In addition, they will scan (扫描) the entire sky to “listen” for radio messag

14、es from more distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels at one time. Scientists are looking for any signal that stands out from the background noise.Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, scientists find that five percent are like our sun. Perha

15、ps half of them have a planet like the earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the star for temperatures to be right for the evolution (进化) of life. Based on the inhabitable planets (that can be lived in) in our galaxy, most scientists agree that chances are likely that one or more

16、of these planets support some life.However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent life exists on other planets. Some believe that twenty years of searching without any intelligible (易懂的) messages shows that no one is out there. They say that the evolution of intelligence comparable to ours is u

17、nlikely.Other scientists believe that our search hasnt been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent life exists in our galaxy. Although our sun family is only about five billion years old, our galaxy is about 20 billion years old. In that time, some scientists think it is likely tha

18、t civilizations much more advanced than ours have developed. Perhaps these civilizations send us no signals; perhaps we have not recognized the signals they have sent us. If we hope to find intelligent life, these scientists believe that we have to keep looking.【语篇解读】 本文讨论了外太空是否存在生命。迄今为止，科学家们尝试了多种方法

19、寻找外太空生命，但都没有得到回应。【难句分析】Other scientists believe that our search hasnt been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent life exists in our galaxy. 分析：此句是一个复合句。句中的“that our search hasnt been long enough to rule out the possibility”是一个宾语从句；“that intelligent life exists in our galaxy”是一个同位语

20、从句。译文：其他科学家认为，我们的研究时间还不够长，不足以排除我们的银河系中存在智慧生命的可能性。 4According to the passage, how many planets in our galaxy might be inhabitable? A15 billion. B10 billion. C5 billion. D200 billion.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, scientists find that five percent are like ou

21、r sun. Perhaps half of them have a planet like the earth”可知，在银河系中有2千亿颗恒星，其中5%的恒星像我们的太阳，也就是100亿颗恒星像我们的太阳，而在这100亿颗恒星中有一半像地球一样的行星，故答案为C。 5The first paragraph in this passage is mainly about _.Awhy scientists are looking for signs of life on other planetsBhow scientists are looking for signs of life on

22、other planetsCwhere scientists are looking for signs of life on other planetsDwhen scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets答案与解析：B考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“Most of these searches have been done over the radio.”和“Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling th

23、rough space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages”可知，本段主要介绍了科学家们通过向太空发射无线电信号和电视信号的方式来寻找外太空生命，故答案为B。 6The underlined word “monitor” in the passage means “_”. Afind BfollowCform Dcheck答案与解析：D考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels

24、at one time”可知，科学家们向太空发射无线电信号以后，使用计算机对这些信号进行监测，希望能够捕捉到外太空生命的痕迹。check“检查”与画线词意思相近，故答案为D。 7Which of these statements is true based on the information in the passage? AScientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets. BMost scientists believe that there is intelligent life on

25、 other planets. CThe earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.DScientists dont believe that there might be life on other planets.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“Most of these searches have been done over the radio”和“Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling thro

26、ugh space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages”可知，科学家们正在使用各种方法研究外太空生命是否存在，故答案为A。.七选五2019石家庄检测一A gratitude journal is a great way to keep yourself in a positive state of mind. This article will offer some tips for starting and keeping one.Make it a rule to write down things y

27、ou are thankful for per day. _1_ This will make writing the journal more challenging as time goes on, but thats how your awareness and thankfulness will grow. Youll find new things to be thankful for that you hardly noticed before.Write about extended material things in your life. _2_ For example, i

28、f you love to paint, you may be grateful for the paints that you have. Or, if you like music, you may be grateful for your CD collections. _3_ You can start by feeling grateful to be alive. Avoid the trap of being grateful for something that is better than what others have. Instead, compare whatever

29、 you are grateful for with how you would feel if you didnt have it. Think about your abilities. You may start with basic abilities like your ability to see and hear. _4_ Think about skillful things like dancing and singing, and your character like your skills in cheering up people or your skills in

30、being a good friend. Consider the people in your life. Think about all the people you are grateful to and write down the reasons. Its also good to write about the people that you dont really like and find a reason to appreciate them. _5_ After all, there is good in everyone.AAvoid repeating the same

31、 things. BDescribe how you are grateful for what you have. CThis can be difficult but very uplifting. DThen progress to those that are unique to you. EFeel grateful for any advantage you may have. FThese things vary greatly depending on your interests. GIn this way, everything will become more heart

32、warming. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些写感恩日志的建议。1答案与解析：A上文提到把你每天感恩的事情写下来，下文提到随着时间的推移，这会使写日志变得更具挑战性，并且你会发现以前几乎没有注意到的值得感谢的事情。A项表示避免重复同样的事情，前后语义衔接，故选A项。2答案与解析：F下文说，如果你喜欢画画，你可能会感激你所拥有的颜料，或者，如果你喜欢音乐，你可能会感激你的CD收藏。F项表示这些事情会因你的兴趣而有很大不同，前后逻辑一致，其中love to paint和like music与interests对应，故选F项。3答案与解析：B结合其他段可知，空处位于段首，为段落主题句

33、。下文提到你可以从感激自己活着开始，而B项表示“描述你是如何感激你所拥有的”，符合语境，其中what you have亦为提示，故选B项。4答案与解析：D本段的主旨是想想你自己的能力。上文提到你可以从感激你有基本的能力开始，如看和听的能力；下文提到思考一些需要技巧的事情，如跳舞和唱歌；前后为递进关系，D项提到然后感激那些你特有的能力，前后语义衔接，故选D项。5答案与解析：C上文提到把你不喜欢的人写下来，找一个欣赏他们的理由也很好，根据常识及下文可知，空处应表示这可能很难，但非常令人振奋，故选C项。.短文改错2019东北三省四市一模 I was often troubled by lack of

34、 confidences. So I applied for a job at an exhibition as reporter last term. The exhibition was held annual to display the latest products in the field of education. At that time, I was responsible for interview parents who bought the learning tools. While talking with him, I found it was not so har

35、d as I think. One lady even praised me but asked her son to learn from me. I realized the experience was in great value and nothing was more excited than communicating with people. From this experience, I am fully aware that we should take real action if our personality that needs improving.答案： I wa

36、s often troubled by lack of . So I applied for a job at an exhibition as reporter last term. The exhibition was held to display the latest products in the field of education. At that time, I was responsible for parents who bought the learning tools. While talking with ， I found it was not so hard as

37、 I . One lady even praised me asked her son to learn from me. I realized the experience was great value and nothing was more than communicating with people. From this experience, I am fully aware that we should take real action if our personality needs improving.confidences改为confidence。考查名词。confiden

38、ce作“信心，自信”讲时是不可数名词，没有复数形式。在reporter前加a。考查冠词。reporter“记者”为可数名词，此处指“一名记者”，表示泛指，用不定冠词a。annual改为annually。考查副词。副词修饰动词，故用annually。interview改为interviewing。考查动名词。此处位于介词后，表示“采访”，故用interviewing。him改为them。考查代词。此处代指前面的parents，故用代词them。think改为thought。考查时态。根据主句的谓语动词found可知，从句也用一般过去时。but改为and。考查连词。praised和asked是并列

39、关系，用and。in改为of。考查固定搭配。be of great value为固定搭配。【知识储备】be of抽象名词(value，importance，benefit，use，help等)be形容词(valuable，important，beneficial，useful，helpful等)如：The book is of benefit to us.The book is beneficial to us.excited改为exciting。考查形容词。主语是nothing，是物，用exciting“令人兴奋的”来修饰。excited“兴奋的”形容人。删除needs前的that。考查句子结构。if从句的主语是our personality，谓语是needs，故that多余。