2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习外研全国版讲义：必修4 MODULE 1 LIFE IN THE FUTURE WORD版含答案 (2).doc

1、(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1brick n砖2concrete n. 混凝土3solar adj. 太阳的4landfill n. 垃圾填埋地5online adv. 联机地6catalogue n. 目录7recreation n. 娱乐；消遣8bowling n. 保龄球游戏9softball n. 垒球(运动)10flick n. 轻打；轻弹11surgery n. 外科手术12telesurgery n. 远距离手术13outpatient n. 门诊病人14clinic n. 诊所15spaceport n. 宇航基地16colony n. 殖民地.重点单词写其形1alter

2、native adj. 替换的；供选择的2resource n. (常作复数)资源3material n. 材料4arrest vt. 逮捕；拘留5fire vt. 开火；启动6limit n. (常作复数)范围7outdoors adv. 户外8command n纵联1 命令；指令9charge n. 费用；价钱10power vt. 供给动力11switch n. 开关vi. 交换；调换12eventually adv. 最后；终于13shape vt. 造成形状；塑造14urban adj. 都市的；城市的.拓展单词通其变1mud n泥muddy adj.多泥的；泥泞的2crime n罪

3、；罪行criminal n罪犯；犯人 adj.犯罪的3risky adj.危险的；冒险的risk vt.& n冒险纵联24rely vi.依赖；依靠reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的5load vt.装；装载unload vt.卸载upload vt.上传download vt.下载6disability n失去能力；伤残disable vt.使人丧失能力；使残疾disabled adj.有残疾的；伤残的纵联37attach vt.系；贴；连接attachment n附件8optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的optimism n乐观；乐观主义纵联49definitely a

4、dv.无疑地；确定地definite adj.肯定的；确定的10predict vt.预言；预料prediction n预测纵联1.“命令，指示”要记住command n命令；指令order n& v命令；秩序direction n指示；用法说明 instruction n指令；指示纵联2.n.yadj.riskrisky危险的；冒险的 dirtdirty肮脏的lucklucky幸运的 noisenoisy喧闹的windwindy多风的；有风的 sleepsleepy困倦的纵联3.名词后缀ity一览disability失去能力；伤残 possibility可能性equality平等 reali

5、ty现实nationality国籍 security安全popularity受欢迎；普及；流行纵联4.“乐观，悲观”选一选optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义optimist n. 乐观主义者pessimistic adj. 悲观的pessimism n. 悲观；悲观主义pessimist n. 悲观主义者单元话题未来生活子话题1生活住所flat n公寓 bungalow n平房roof n屋顶；最高处 ceiling n天花板balcony n阳台 garage n车库basement n地下室 storey n楼层子话题2家具及陈设dec

6、orate v装饰；布置 cupboard n碗柜；食橱drawer n抽屉 couch n睡椅；长沙发bookcase n书柜 album n相簿；唱片集armchair n扶手椅 bench n长凳；工作台学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2015四川高考阅读B) Nothing could stop Dad.After he was put on (disable) for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family.He plante

7、d vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgins chicken house in exchange for manure (肥料)用disable的正确形式填空：disability。able为形容词后缀，类似的单词还有comfortable, knowledgeable, reasonable等写出in exchange for在本单元中的近义词：switch2(2011浙江高考阅读A) Its a problem that runs thro

8、ugh the book.In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that (crime) use to defeat computerbased locking systems for cars.He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country.He says that once again not all new l

9、ocks have proved (rely)Perhaps, but maybe its also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets.Or changing social circumstances.Or some combination of these factors.The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex.It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we

10、 live in.Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.用crime的正确形式填空：criminals用rely的正确形式填空：reliable。rely on/upon意为“依赖；依靠”，同义表达还有depend on/upon等写出shape在句中的含义：塑造高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词补全/翻译句子)1(2018天津高考书面表达)附在这个邮件中的是我为我的小组制订的训练计划，我希望你能读一下，看看它是否实用。(attach)Attach

11、ed_to_this_email is the training plan I have worked out for my team, which I hope youll read to see if its practical.2(2013福建高考书面表达)当今，孩子们过多地依赖父母为他们做一切事情。(rely)Nowadays_the_children_rely_more_on_their_parents_to_do_everything_for_them.(二)课堂重点释疑1alternative adj.替换的；供选择的 n可能的选择；选择对象记牢(1)an alternative

12、 to的替代品have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地；或者练通单句语法填空Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative to gasoline.If you dont like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own.Co

13、me with us, alternatively (alternative), meet us there.一句多译如果他今晚想去香港，除了坐飞机外别无选择。If he wants to go to Hong Kong tonight, he has_no_alternative_but_to_go by air. (alternative)If he wants to go to Hong Kong tonight, he has_no_choice_but_to_go by air. (choice)If he wants to go to Hong Kong tonight, he c

14、ant_help_but_go by air. (help)If he wants to go to Hong Kong tonight, he cant_choose_but_go by air. (choose)写美补全句子同时，我们应该提高人们的环保意识，尽可能多地使用替代能源。Meanwhile, we should improve peoples awareness of protecting the environment and use_as_many_alternative_energy_resources_as_possible.联想“别无选择只好做”的其他表达形式：have

15、 no choice but to docant (help) but docant choose but do can do nothing but do2command nC命令；指令；U掌握；指挥；控制 vt.命令；指挥记牢(1)at ones command听某人支配have a (good) command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)take command of 控制；担任的指挥(2)command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事command that .(should) do . 命令做练通单句语法填空Im at your command what would y

16、ou like me to do?If you do not serve others, you cannot take command of them.句型转换The police commanded the witness to describe what had happened the day before.The police commanded that the witness (should)_describe_what_had_happened the day before.写美翻译句子(2015陕西高考书面表达)另外，我对英语掌握得如此好以至于我被选为英语课代表。Beside

17、s,_I_have_such_a_good_command_of_English_that_I_am_elected_as_assistant_to_my_English_teacher.联想command后面跟从句时，从句谓语用(should) do/be done，具有相同的用法的动词有：一坚持：insist二命令：order, command三建议：suggest, advise, recommend四要求：demand, request, require, desire再加一个敦促：urge3charge n费用；价钱；主管；负责 v收费；控诉；充电记牢(1)take charge o

18、f掌管；负责in charge of 控制；管理(表示主动)in/under the charge of sb. 受某人的管理(表示被动)free of chargefor free 免费(2)charge sb.for sth. 为某物向某人收取费用charge sb.with (doing) sth.accuse sb.of (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事练通单句语法填空The police charged the thief with stealing the jewels.How much did he charge you for repairing this pair

19、 of shoes?补全句子With the ticket, you may get a French fries free_of_charge/for_free in KFC.凭此券你可以在肯德基免费得到一份法式炸薯条。一句多译下周厂长不在时，我将负责整个工厂。Ill take_charge_of the whole factory next week when the director is away.Ill be in_charge_of the whole factory next week when the director is away.The whole factory wil

20、l be in/under_the_charge_of_me next week when the director is away.写美翻译句子第三，我想知道六周课程的收费是多少。Thirdly,_I_wonder_how_much_you_will_charge_us_for_the_sixweek_courses.4attach v系；贴；连接；使附属；使隶属记牢(1)attach sth.to sth.将某事物与另一事物相联系attach oneself to sb./sth. 依附于某人；参加某事attach importance/significance/value to认为有重要

21、性/有意义/有价值(2)attached adj. 附属的；依恋be attached to 依恋；爱慕；留恋；附属于练通单句语法填空My parents always attach great importance to my getting a good education.One day, when I opened my book, I found a beautiful card attached (attach) to the first page, giving me best wishes.Why did you attach yourself (you) to only on

22、e club when you want to learn more skills?用准attach .to .中的to为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。写美补全句子正如这句话所揭示的那样，我们青少年中的许多人对我们手机的重视程度超过了我们的朋友。Just as this sentence reveals, many of us teenagers attach_much_more_importance_to our_phones_than_to_our_friends.5shape vt.造成形状；塑造n.形状；体形记牢(1)shape .into .把加工/塑造成(2)be in good

23、/bad shape 情况良好/不佳out of shape 变/走样；不成样子；身体不舒服in the shape of 某种形状的；呈的形状练通单句语法填空A new road, shaped (shape) like an L, is being built in our hometown.The children enjoy shaping the snow into figures of people and animals.Im in pretty bad shape and I am always forgetting things.补全句子Look! The front par

24、t of the car is now totally out_of_shape due to the crash.看！由于碰撞，这辆车的前部现在已经完全变形了。写美翻译句子(2017全国卷书面表达)有些剪纸被塑造成龙的形状，有些像蝴蝶和美丽的植物。Some_papercutting_works_are_shaped_like_dragons,_some_butterflies_and_some _beautiful_plants.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1I have this image of you as always being cheerful and optimistic (乐观

25、的)2Eventually (最终) your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.3Change is much easier when you have many supporting partners and unlimited resources (资源)4A new series of simple English reading materials (材料) for middle school students has come out this year.5It is no

26、t a secret that spending time outdoors (户外) is good for us.6He switched (调换) from a back seat to a front one so that he could see clearly.7The lorry, loaded (装载) with bricks, broke down suddenly in the middle of the bridge.8Do you take seriously his prediction (预测) of a government defeat?9He wants t

27、o find out what young people think about the future of urban (城市的) life.10(2018江苏高考)With these analyses in mind, art students need not worry about their career and have a alternative (供选择的) plan.单句语法填空1Loaning money to someone you dont trust is a risky (risk) business.2The man was_arrested (arrest)

28、by the police because he stole a car yesterday.3Several small businesses combined to form a large powerful (power) company.4Being exposed to alcohol, whether for an adult or for a teenager, is definitely (definite) harmful from all aspects.5She is deaf, but refuses to let her disability (disable) pr

29、event her from doing what she wants to do.6My brother bought a teapot shaped (shape) like a Chinese duck, the price of which was much lower than expected.7Not many people agree with the governments prediction (predict) that the economy will improve.8Most people would rather that criminal (crime) was

30、 sentenced to life in prison.9With the development of society, we are optimistic about our future life.10True friends are that kind of people who are reliable (rely) and worth trusting.单句改错1To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to become rich and famous.becomebecoming2Who will take t

31、he charge of the company after the manager retires？去掉第一个the3The teacher gave a command that all the pupils gathered at once.gathered(should)_gather4The doctor had no alternative but admit receiving bribery (贿赂)but后加to5You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of the shape.去掉the.根据提示补全句

32、子1没有人能够控制这种混乱的局势。(command)Nobody can take_command_of_the_situation where everything is in a mess.2父母应该重视培养孩子良好的生活习惯。(attach)Parents should attach_importance_to_developing childrens good habits in life.3这座城市里所有的病人都在享受免费医疗。(charge)All the patients are being treated free_of_charge in this city.4汤姆的生日蛋糕

33、呈心形。(shape)Toms birthday cake was in_the_shape_of_a_heart.5你要么发言，要么保持沉默。(alternative)You have_the_alternative_of_speaking or keeping quiet.(一)课前自主学习1for_sure肯定地2run_out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了3rely_on 依靠4get_rid_of 除掉；处理掉5place_an_order/orders 订购；下订单6free_of_charge 免费7use_up 串记1 用完8look_out 串记2 小心；当心9for_a_s

34、tart 首先10on_the_way_out 串记3 即将被淘汰；即将过时同根短语串记串记1.“v.up”短语荟萃use up用完 make up组成；弥补；编造pick up捡起，拾起；学到 speed up加速turn up出现，到场 link up联合，连接串记2.“小心；当心”多留意look out小心；当心 watch out小心；提防take care注意；小心 be careful小心；细心be cautious小心；谨慎 mind out当心；注意串记3.走在同一条路(way)上on the way out即将过时 on the way在路上in the way阻挡 in a

35、 way在某种程度上in any way无论如何 in no way决不1make predictions 做出预测2in the future 将来，未来3natural resources 自然资源4recycled materials 可回收的材料5alternative energy 可替代性能源6get married 结婚7have an effect on 对有影响；产生效果8change ones life 改变某人的生活1Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no_m

36、atter_where they live.每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。2Im too busy enjoying my life now to_worry_about the future!我现在忙于享受生活而无暇为未来担忧！3Not_all predictions come true.并非所有的预言都会成为现实。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)完形中的短语(补全句子)1(2011安徽高考完形填空) Along the way, I realized that I had_run_out_of (已经用完) rsums (简历)Seeing

37、this, the man stopped at his business partners office to make me fifteen more copies.2(2011广东高考完形填空) In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying_heavily_on (过于依赖) their teachers directions.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子/词汇升级)1(2017全国卷书面表达)最吸引我们的是他们免费给乒乓球球迷提供一些训练。What a

38、ttracts us most is that they offer some training to fans of table tennis free_of_charge.2(2018江苏高考书面表达) In that case, it is both convenient and economical to buy books according to the ratings.(用本单元中的短语升级句中加黑的词汇)place_an_order_for3(2018北京高考书面表达) First I would like to express my warmest welcome to yo

39、u and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.(用本单元中的短语升级句中加黑的词汇)For_a_start4(2018江苏高考书面表达)因此，无论我们什么时候去购物，我们都应该再考虑一下这些排名。(no matter疑问词)Therefore, we should give a second thought to these ratings no_matter_when_we_go_shopping.5(2014福建高考书面表达)这辆自行车看起来太重了

40、，难以控制。(too .to .)The bike seemed too_heavy_and_difficult_to_control.6(2014山东高考写作)“有志者，事竟成”是一条古老的谚语，几乎每个人都知道，但不是所有人都能理解它。(not all表示部分否定)“Where there is a will, there is a way” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but not_all_understand_it so well.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1run out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了记牢run ou

41、t of用完；耗尽use up 用完；耗尽give out 用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽run across 偶然遇到run after 追逐；追踪run into 撞上；偶然碰见练通选用上述短语填空The taxi ran_into the bike and the man on the bike was thrown off.We have already run_out_of/used_up our money and I dont know what to do next.I ran_across/into an old friend of mine in the street, whom I

42、 havent seen for years.Food supplies in the floodstricken area are running_out/giving_out.We must act immediately before theres none left.辨清run out of, run out, use up, give outrun out of/use up及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人run out/give out不及物动词短语，主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等。无被动形式，常用进行式表将来写美补全句子(201610月浙江高考写作)耗尽了精力和耐心，简放弃

43、了在小溪边散步，然后就睡着了。Running_out_of_energy_and_patience,_Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell to sleep.2rely on依靠；依赖；相信；指望记牢(1)rely on/upon sb./sth.指望某人/某事(物)rely on sb.to do sth. 指望/相信某人做某事rely on ones doing sth. 指望/相信/依赖某人做某事rely on it that . 相信；指望(2)reliable adj. 可依靠的；可信赖的练通单句语法填空To be ho

44、nest, he is not a man who can be_relied (rely) on.Many people now would rely on surfing the Internet rather than read newspapers for news.My friend is a reliable (rely) person, and you can turn to him for help.句型转换We rely on his finishing the work today.We rely on him_to_finish the work today.We rel

45、y on it_that_he_will_finish the work today.写美补全句子虽然广告有很大的帮助，但我认为我们不应该完全依赖它们。Although advertisements are of great help, I dont think we should entirely_rely_on_them.联想rely on的同义短语有：depend on/upon；count on/upon等。句式集释1too .to do sth.“太而不能做某事”教材原句Im too busy enjoying my life now to_worry_about the futur

46、e!悟拓展例句(1)He is still too_young_to_know the hardship of life.他年龄太小，还不懂得生活的艰辛。(2)As far as I know, they are too_anxious_to_leave.据我所知，他们急于离开。(3)(2018北京高考)One is never_too_old_to_learn.活到老，学到老。析用法规则用法归纳(1)too .to do sth.表示“太而不能做某事”。 (2)某些形容词与“too .to .”结构连用时，too (very)表示肯定的意义。这些形容词多为表示情感的词，如glad, plea

47、sed, surprised, delighted, happy, willing, ready, eager, anxious等。(3)“too .to .”结构和never, not等否定副词连用时，表示肯定意义，意为“无论也不过分；越越好”。注意事项too .to结构表示否定意义时，可以用not .enough to和so .that句式改写。背写作佳句(1)Worst of all, we may be too nervous to write down any answers.(要点句)最糟糕的是，我们或许会太紧张而不能写下任何答案。(2)You are never too late

48、 to learn English.(要点句)学英语永远不会晚。2not all表示部分否定教材原句Not_all predictions come true.悟拓展例句(1)Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because all of them arent fit for the jobs.Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because not_all_of_them are fit for the jobs.并非所有的求职者都能找到工作

49、，因为不是所有人都能胜任这些工作。(2)Nothing in the world is difficult if one sets his mind to it.谚世上无难事，只怕有心人。析用法规则用法归纳(1)英语中的all, both, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”。 (2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere 等表否定意义的词(

50、组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。背写作佳句(1)A recent survey shows that not all the students in our school take physical exercise in their spare time.(开头句)(2)(2018浙江高考写作) Dad proposed that we should walk along the river which may lead us to the farm house and nothing seemed better than that.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空pla

51、ce an order， for sure， free of charge， run out， get rid of， on the way out， use up， rely on1Having walked in the desert for several days, we felt exhausted, but we had to find a pool before water in the bottle ran_out.2Youd better not buy this cellphone, because it is on_the_way_out.3Once you pick u

52、p the bad habit of staying up too late, you will find it very difficult to get_rid_of it.4Jack is the right person you can rely_on to carry on the research when you are on vacation for the next two weeks.5If humans use_up all the mineral resources on the earth, what will become of the next generatio

53、n?6One thing is for_sure,_Johnson wont give up his dream no matter how difficult it is on the way to success.7Sometimes, the entrance tickets are available free_of_charge from the university.8If you have decided which bike to buy, you can place_an_order for it on the Internet and we will send it rig

54、ht to your home.根据提示补全句子1首先，我们从那些杂乱的共享自行车开始，试着把它们整理好。 (start)For_a_start,_we began with those messy shared bikes there and tried to put them in order.2当世界用完了石油将用什么做能源呢？(run out)What will the world use for power when it has_run_out_of_oil?3我同意你所说的大部分内容，但是我并不是同意全部内容。(部分否定)I agree with most of what you

55、 said, but I dont_agree_with_everything.4无论你在哪里工作，你都能找到时间学习。(no matter疑问词)No_matter_where_you_work,_you can always find time to study.5听到这个好消息，我太激动了以至于无法控制泪水。(too .to .)Hearing the good news, I was too_excited_to_hold_back my tears.分步写作假定你是李华，主题为“未来生活”的演讲比赛，即“中学生英语能力竞赛(English Proficiency Competitio

56、n for Middle School Students)”将在你校举行。请你根据以下提示，以学生会的名义，给全体学生写一则通知。要点包括：1比赛时间和地点；2比赛内容及参加比赛的选手和评委；3欢迎参加比赛。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文属于应用文中的通知，时态为一般将来时，人称为第三人称。文章共分三个层次：开头应直入主题，即介绍比赛的名称、时间、地点(要点1)；接着介绍比赛内容及参加比赛的选手和评委(要点2)；结尾为欢迎参加比赛(要点3)。要点的表达要力求准确，也要学会灵活表达，避免生硬的翻译。要点2需要进行细化处理，

57、如比赛内容是什么，选手是谁，评委是谁。要点3表示欢迎时可以从参加活动的收获上进行表达。要点1：我们很高兴地通知你们，中学生英语能力竞赛将于下周三上午在我校的演讲大厅举行。(被动语态)We_are_glad_to_inform_you_that_English_Proficiency_Competition_for_Middle_School_Students_is_to_be_held_in_the_lecture_hall_of_our_school_next_Wednesday_morning.要点2：来自每个班级的每个参赛者将会聚集在一起，并就既定的主题“未来生活”发表他们的演讲。(de

58、liver)Each_competitor_from_each_class_will_gather_together_and_deliver_their_speeches_on_the_given_topic_Future_Life.要点2：一些有经验的英语教师将被邀请担任评委并发表评论。(remark)Some_experienced_English_teachers_will_be_invited_to_be_judges_and_make_remarks.要点3：欢迎参加这次比赛。Welcome_to_attend_this_competition.要点3：与一些评委和优秀的英语学习者交

59、流思想是一种宝贵的经验。It_would_be_a_valuable_experience_to_exchange_ideas_with_some_judges_and_excellent_English_learners.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行适度的拓展和升级。例如，要点2可以增加“演讲比赛的时长”(它将从上午8：30开始，持续大约3个半小时)，并用“介词which”引导的非限制性定语从句来升级；要点2介绍“评委”可以补加定语“我们学校英语系的”，“发表评论”也可以补加“关于选手的表现”。拓展要点2：它将从上午8：30开始，持续大约3个半

60、小时，在这段时间里，来自每个班级的每个参赛者将会聚集在一起，并就既定的主题“未来生活”发表他们的演讲。(介词which)It_will_start_at_8：30_am.and_last_about_three_and_a_half_hours,_during_which_time_each_competitor_from_each_class_will_gather_together_and_deliver_their_speeches_on_the_given_topic_Future_Life.拓展要点2：我们学校英语系的一些有经验的英语教师将被邀请担任评委，并就选手的表现发表评论。(E

61、nglish Deparment，介词短语作定语)Some_experienced_English_teachers_in_the_English_Department_of_our_school_will_be_invited_to_be_judges_and_make_remarks_on_the_performance_of_the_competitors.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本文写作可以分两段，即首段介绍通知的内容和比赛内容及参加比赛的选手和评委，尾段提出欢迎参加。要点1和要点2可以用连接词and进行内部整合；在尾段提出欢迎参加时，可以用besides进行连接；最后

62、用“Dont miss it.”再次提醒全体学生不要错过。NOTICEWe_are_glad_to_inform_you_that_English_Proficiency_Competition_for_Middle_School_Students_is_to_be_held_in_the_lecture_hall_of_our_school_next_Wednesday_morning.It_will_start_at_8：30_am.and_last_about_three_and_a_half_hours,_during_which_time_each_competitor_from_e

63、ach_class_will_gather_together_and_deliver_their_speeches_on_the_given_topic_Future_Life.And_some_experienced_English_teachers_in_the_English_Department_of_our_school_will_be_invited_to_be_judges_and_make_remarks_on_the_performance_of_the_competitors.Welcome_to_attend_this_competition.Besides,_it_wo

64、uld_be_a_valuable_experience_to_exchange_ideas_with_some_judges_and_excellent_English_learners.Dont_miss_it.The_Students_Union理清段落结构之(一)并列并列式段落往往是列举两个事物或一个事物在不同情况下的相同或不同之处。利用这种段落结构可速判阅读七选五题型中的标题类题目，对把握文章主旨、理解全文大意至关重要。高考典例12016全国卷阅读七选五节选并列关系17Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants

65、， flowers， patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 18(E).However， there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall (回忆) your chi

66、ldhood memories 根据并列的段落标题，可知17题应为祈使句，可初步断定为A、B选项，由该段倒数第二句可知此题应选A项。AKnow why you gardenBFind a good place for your own gardenCIts our experience of the garden that matters DIts delightful to see so many beautiful flowersEStill others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsFYou can produce

67、 that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooGFor each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have高考典例22012辽宁卷C篇In the past two decades， the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently， the Chinese government has set up Confucius

68、 Institutes in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art， history and philosophy (哲学). Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up f

69、or the drawbacks of Western philosophy. Students in the United States， at the same time， are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to under

70、stand their Chinese customers.So the old thinkers ideas are still alive and well. Today China attracts the West more than ever， and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.As for the old thinker， he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West， even if his birthday is.总结出孔子和中国文化对西方的影响。