2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 高效作业18 PeriodⅢ DiscoveringUsefulStructures（含解析）新人教版必修第一册.docx

1、Period Discovering Useful Structures语言基础巩固.单句语法填空1People shouldnt drop litter on the pavements, _should_ they?2You found the key in the bedroom, _didnt_ you?3Youd better change your wet skirt, _hadnt_ you?4Everybody knows the answer, dont _they_？5_There_ wasnt enough time at that moment, was there?6

2、Jenny _doesnt_ think that Robert is honest, does she?7The problem _was_ difficult for him, wasnt it?8Some plants never blossom, _do_ they?9Mary thinks you will come to the party，_doesnt_ she?10That he didnt pass the exam made his parents very angry，didnt _it_？.句式填空完成下面的附加疑问句。1I dont think that the n

3、ecklace is made of diamond, _is_it_？2She must have arrived there yesterday, _didnt_she_？3What fine weather，_isnt_it_？4Birds rarely build nests in our garden, _do_they_？5He ought to have looked after his father, _oughtnt_he_？6I have nothing to do with the matter, _do_I_ ?7Learning how to repair motor

4、s takes a long time, _doesnt_it_？8She has been a worker here for many years, _hasnt_she_？9Theres not much news in todays newspaper, _is_there_？10You are not a new member, _are_you_？_Yes,_I_am_. I joined only yesterday. 话题语篇提升.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHow many calories are there in every

5、 meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer. But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now. They put what they eat into an online calorie counter(计算器). It quickly measures how many calories are there in their meals.In fact, this is part of the sch

6、ools health class. It includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can gain basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.Students learn how to balance calories in and out. They will know what happens when the balance isnt there.“The online calorie counter has turned out to be a

7、 cool tool to help you make healthy choices. Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference.”Adam Carlson, the teacher in charge, told local newspaper Aitkin Independent Age.They also discuss good ways to burn calories in the gym. According to Carlson, the gym is a great place to bu

8、rn calories and get stronger. But it doesnt work for everyone. So they try to find different workout tips.“Im trying hard to teach the students that working out can be fun, challenging, and doesnt need to take hours out of the day，”he said.The class has indeed changed students.“I am now watching wha

9、t I am eating and paying attention to the food labels，”said seventhgrader Karena Burgstaler. Another student James Erickson began to control his sugar input because it almost went over his daily calorie intake goal.(C)1What do the students do after taking the health class?AThey pay more attention to

10、 food prices.BThey eat more food with labels.CThey try to keep a balanced diet.DThey stop eating sugary food.(B)2What do we know about the students from the first two paragraphs?AThey try to cook healthy food with fewer calories.BThey learn about health and nutrition from a class.CThey create a popu

11、lar online calorie counter.DThey teach people about food nutrition in class.(B)3What is the best title for the text?AEating with an Online Calorie CounterBCounting Calories to Stay HealthyCOpinions on How to Balance Your DietDA Health Class at a High School答案及解析：【语篇解读】美国一所高中的学生在上完健康课后通过计算每天吃的食物里的卡路里

12、来保持健康。1C推理判断题。题干关键词为“the health class”。由第二段In fact, this is part of the schools health class.和第三段第一句Students learn how to balance calories in and out. 可知，在上了健康课之后，学生们尽量保持均衡的饮食。原文的“balance calories in and out”对应选项中的“a balanced diet”。故选C。2B细节理解题。由第二段In fact, this is part of the schools health class. I

13、t includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can gain basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.可知，我们了解到学生在上课时学习有关健康和营养的知识。故选B。3B主旨大意题。文章开篇点题，由第一段How many calories are there in every meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer.They put what they eat into a

14、n online calorie counter(计算器). It quickly measures how many calories are their in their meals.(你吃的每顿饭有多少卡路里？这似乎是一个很难回答的问题。但是美国的艾特金高中的学生现在可以很容易地回答这个问题。他们把他们吃的东西放进一个在线的卡路里计数器里。它能迅速测量出食物中卡路里的含量。)由此可知本文讲述的是“计算每天吃的食物里的卡路里，以保持健康”。故选B。BFor decades, doctors have warned patients that too much salt can be bad

15、 for the heart. The heart attack has long been considered a grownup problem, but new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children. Eating too much salty food when youre young can lead to health problems later.Salt is made up of two elements: sodium and chlorine. Dietary guidelines reco

16、mmend that adults and kids aged 913 shouldnt consume more than about a teaspoon of salt daily. The average American eats twice this amount. This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood. To pump the extra blood, the heart has to work harder. This causes a rise

17、 in blood pressurea measurement of how stressed the heart is. High blood pressure often leads to heart disease.A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a grownup with high blood pressure. Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity (肥胖症). British researchers recently found th

18、at kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. Drinking fewer fizzy drinks makes kids less likely to gain weight, become obese and develop high blood pressure.Salt can affect more than just your heart and weight. A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffer

19、ing from kidney stones. This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.Cutting down on salt can be hard, but you can retrain yourself to prefer less salty food. The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually. St

20、art by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments (调味品). You might also want to start reading nutrition labels. You may be surprised to learn that there are 1，150 mg of sodium in a double che

21、eseburger, and over 2，000 mg in many frozen meals.(A)4What is the authors major concern?AChildren eat too much salty food.BMany adults suffer from heart attacks.CAmericans consume too much salt.DThe heart attack is now a youth problem.(C)5What does the author refer to as the cause of childhood obesi

22、ty?AEating less salty food.BLacking physical exercise.CDrinking many sugary soft drinks.DEating the same food as the adults.(B)6What is another disease tending to be younger according to Paragraph 4?AObesity.BKidney stones.CBlood disease. DHeart attacks.(B)7What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?AThe laws

23、 of health.BHow to cut down on salt.CHealthy diet.DThe amount of salt we need.答案及解析：【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了多吃盐对身体的影响，以及人们在日常生活中保持低盐的方法。4A细节理解题。根据文章第一段的The heart attack has long been considered a grownup problem, but new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children. Eating too much salty food wh

24、en youre young can lead to health problems later.以及文章第三段的A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a grownup with high blood pressure.可知，作者特别担心孩子食用过咸的食物导致心脏病和高血压。故选A项。5C细节理解题。由文章第三段的Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity (肥胖症)Drinking fewer fizzy drinks makes kids less li

25、kely to gain weight, become obese可知，作者认为吃多盐食品和喝过多含糖的软饮料也会使孩子长胖。故选C项。6B细节理解题。由文章第四段的A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones. This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.可知，研究发现现在肾结石这种病正在变得年

26、轻化。故选B项。7B主旨大意题。由第五段的The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually. Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments(调味品). You might also want to start r

27、eading nutrition labels可知，这里提供了一些可以减少食盐摄入量的方法。故选B项。.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Overweight children and teenagers aged between 5 and 18 in the Chinese mainland 1_will_reach_ (reach) 8.5 million in 2025, a number 2_that/which_ surpasses (超过) the population of Spain, a study said.Accordin

28、g to the study, among the obese Chinese youth, millions of them 3_were_reported_ (report) to suffer from all kinds of diseases. It also stated that in all there would be 268 million overweight schoolaged children worldwide by 2025, 4_including_ (include) 91 million obese children, if no effective 5_

29、measures_ (measure) could be taken to stop the existing trends. Inactivity and the consumption of junk food and soda drinks contributed 6_to_ the growing number of overweight 7_youths_ (young) in the world. 8_To_respond_ (respond) to the increase of obese children in China, the State Council release

30、d guidelines this year. The guidelines aimed to prevent more children from becoming obese and it urged that the local government in China 9_(should)_strengthen_ (strength) the training of medical staff around childrens health and promote knowledge of 10_balanced_ (balance) eating and drinking habits

31、 among their parents.答案及解析：【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讲了在中国大陆，超重儿童越来越多。不运动、吃垃圾食品和喝碳酸饮料带来了世界上超重青少年的增长。为了应对中国肥胖儿童的增长，国务院今年发布了指导方针。1will reach考查时态。根据时间状语in 2025可判断出，是发生在将来的事情，用一般将来时。故填will reach。2that/which考查定语从句。surpasses (超过) the population of Spain是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/which。3were reported考查时态、语态和主谓一致。“

32、他们”和“报道”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语为表示复数意义的millions of them。故填were reported。4including考查介词。文中表示“包括9100万肥胖儿童”，用介词，所以填including。5measures考查名词复数。作句子主语，用名词，文中表示“有效的措施”是复数意义。故填measures。6to考查固定短语。句意为：不运动、吃垃圾食品和喝碳酸饮料造成了世界上超重青少年的增长。contribute to造成，是固定短语。故填to。7youths考查名词单复数。句意为：不运动、吃垃圾食品和喝碳酸饮料造成了世界上超重

33、青少年的增长。文中表示“超重青少年”，该空需要用名词。超重青少年不止一人，应填复数形式，故填youths。8To respond考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了应对中国肥胖儿童的增长，国务院今年发布了指导方针。作目的状语，用不定式结构。故填To respond。9(should) strengthen考查虚拟语气。此空在从句中作谓语动词，要将名词strength变为动词strengthen；又因为that从句为urge所引导的宾语从句，从句中要用“should动词原形”表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。故填(should) strengthen。10balanced考查形容词。该空修饰名词短语e

34、ating and drinking habits，用形容词。故填balanced。注意看全句子，of后宾语中心语为habits，而非of后接动名词balancing。. 微写作 根据以下要点，写一篇短文， 其中至少包含一个附加疑问句。1通常来说我在周末锻炼，我觉得保持健康有助于学习。 2上周末， 外面下雨了， 所以我决定去健身房锻炼。3当我走进健身房的时候， 有些人正在锻炼。 4有个人正在做力量训练， 尽力举重。 5在另一个房间， 有个健身教练(a fitness instructor)在教一些年轻人做瑜伽(yoga)。6每个人都应该锻炼， 不是吗？ One possible version

35、：Usually I do some exercise on the weekend. I think keeping in good health can help me study well. Last weekend, it was raining outside so I decided to do some exercise in the gym. When I went into the gym, some people were doing exercise there. A man was doing weight training and trying his best to raise heavier weights. In the next room there was a fitness instructor who was teaching some young people to do yoga. Everyone should take exercise, shouldnt they？