四川2017高考英语阅读理解：主旨大意题讲解及选练 WORD版含答案.doc

1、四川2017高考英语阅读理解-主旨大意题讲解及选练（含答案）2017高考英语阅读理解解题指导【1】阅读理解历来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、区分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。下面我们来探讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。 一、主旨大意题此类题型主要考查考生的归纳、概括等能力。一种命题方式是对整篇文章或者某一段落大意的概括，提问方式一般是：What is the text mainly about?/What is the main idea of the text/ the second

2、paragraph?；另一种命题方式是提炼文章的标题，其提问方式一般是：What can be the best title for the text? 阅读时，文章的开头、结尾及段落的段首句和段尾句特别重要，因为它们往往包含文章的中心议题。有时候，文章或段落中没有明确的主题句，需要我们根据所提供的信息归纳出文章或段落的主旨大意。同时要注意提炼文章的关键词。此外，标题类题目还要追求语言的生动和趣味性。【例1】(2013安徽卷B篇)Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans

3、 can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving (铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from undergro

4、und. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.63. The text is mainly about _.A. why paving roads reduces our water B. how much we depend on water to live C. why droughts occur more in dry climatesD. how human activity affects our water su

5、pply解析：文章主要介绍了由于一些不合理的人类活动，导致了水资源的短缺，呼吁大家从我做起，从小事做起来保护水资源。文章的第一句就揭示了文章的主题：人类活动影响着水资源的供应。【例2】(2013天津卷C篇)Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours (绕行路) in life than by the narrow road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident that I discovered the dee

6、p meaning of his words. 50. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Charm of the Detour B. The Road to Bravery C. Creativity out of Necessity D. Road Trip and Country Life解析：作者以诗人William Stafford对绕行道的理解引题，加上自己的亲身经历，进一步理解了绕行道更深刻的意义它会让你发现旅行中最好的部分，也发现最好的自己。由此我们概括出文章的标题：绕路的魅力。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A

7、、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。My heart beat with that feeling, pumping it like blood to my body as my fingers flew across the piano keys. As the piece neared the end, I stood up to take my final bow. For a second, the room was quiet. Yet, even in that one second, I had enough time to doubt whether I had done ever

8、ything perfectly. Then, suddenly, the applause came.“Thank you so much,” I said, turning to Olga, my piano teacher for six years. “Youve been an amazing student all these years,” she said, “and I hope that whatever you do, you never stop practicing.”I leaned forward, promising I would always keep pl

9、aying because I loved piano, and hugged her.It turned out to be that promises werent as meaningful as Id hoped for them to be. Right after quitting, I kept up my strict practicing schedule. Soon, it began slipping away from me. After all, the reason I had stopped taking lessons was that my schedule

10、was busy with homework. Not long after, I stopped practicing altogether. It was pleasing not to have to stress about piano anymore. But something was shifting inside of me. I was empty inside.One day I met Michelle, who had also taken piano lessons from Olga for quite a while.“So, are you still taki

11、ng lessons from Olga?” She asked.“Um, no, actually I just quit a while ago,” I replied quickly.“Oh, thats a shame,” she responded, “You used to be so good I remember your performance a year ago; it was breathtaking.”Two days after talking to Michelle, I subconsciously(潜意识地)sat down on the bench and

12、started playing. I wasnt even trying to make the notes sound musically correctI was simply doing what I should have been this entire time: playing, just to be playing.As the music spread, a familiar feeling rose inside me.1. According to the passage, the quiet room made the writer doubt .A. whether

13、she ended the music a little earlier B. whether she expressed her feeling in musicC. whether she played the piano perfectly D. whether she was polite to make a bow2. Why did the writer stop practicing the piano?A. She lost interest in playing the piano. B. She was satisfied with her performance.C. S

14、he thought Olga to be too strict with her. D. She was busy with her homework.3. After stopping the piano, the writer felt .A. she seemed to have no purpose in life B. she got rid of the pressure of lifeC. she had more time to do other activities D. she changed herself into another person4. Michael s

15、eemed to think .A. the writer could become a famous pianist B. it was a pity for the writer to stop practicingC. the writer should be ashamed of her decision D. the performance of the writer made her heart broken【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，主要介绍了一个很有音乐天赋的女孩，放弃练习弹钢琴后的感受，以及最终重新开始弹钢琴的故事。1.C【命题立意】 细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的判断能力

16、【试题解析】 根据第一段倒数第二句话可知，因为作者演奏完之后全场寂静，因此作者怀疑自己演奏的是否完美。2.D【命题立意】 推理判断题。考查考生推理判断的能力。【试题解析】 根据文章第四段第四句话可知作者因忙于功课而停止了练习弹钢琴。3.A【命题立意】 细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的判断能力。【试题解析】 根据第四段最后一句话可知，因为停止弹钢琴，作者感到了生活空虚，因此好像生活没有了目的。4.B【命题立意】 推理判断题。考查考生推理判断的能力。【试题解析】 根据文章的倒数第三段第一句话和第二句话，可知她认为作者不练习弹钢琴太可惜了，因为她弹得那么好。阅读理解。I was working as

17、 a consultant in a beer company，helping the president and senior vicepresidents form and carry out their new planning projects.It was really a great challenge.At the same time，my mother was in the final stages of cancer.I worked during the day and drove 40 miles home to be with her every night.It wa

18、s tiring and stressful，but it was what I wanted to do.My commitment was to continue to do excellent consulting during the day，even though my evenings were very hard.I didnt want to bother the president with my situation，yet I felt someone at the company needed to know what was going on.So I told the

19、 vicepresident of Human Resources，asking him not to share the information with anyone.A few days later，the president called me into his office.I thought he wanted to talk to me about one of the many issues we were working on.When I entered，he asked me to sit down.He faced me from across his large de

20、sk，looked at me in the eye and said，“I hear your mother is very ill.”I was totally caught by surprise and burst into tears.He just looked at me，let my crying subside (平息)，and then gently said a sentence I will never forget：Whatever you need.That was it.His understanding and his willingness both to l

21、et me be in my pain and to offer me everything were qualities of sympathy that I carry with me to this day.1When the author was working in a beer company，his mother_.Awas concerned about himBdrew the presidents attentionCwas seriously illDwas proud of her son解析：由文章第二段可知，作者母亲的病已经到了癌症的晚期，可见病得很严重。答案：C2

22、Although he felt tired and stressed，he felt it his duty to_.Acarry out their new strategic visionBavoid bothering the presidentCtell the vicepresident his difficult situationDdo his job well and look after his mother解析：由第三段第二句的提示可知，虽然工作既累人压力又大，但是作者还得努力做好并照顾着母亲。答案：D3Most probably，the president got th

23、e information from_.Aa relative of the authorsBthe vice presidentCthe authors good friendsDthe authors colleague解析：第三段最后一句讲述了作者把母亲患癌症的事告诉了副董事长。几天以后，董事长就找他谈他母亲的事。故可推断是副董事长把此事告知了董事长。答案：B4Which of the following can be used to best describe the president?AConsiderate. BIntelligent.CHonest. DConsultative

24、.解析：根据最后一段第二句的描述可知，这位董事长是位考虑周全和体贴的人。intelligent聪明的；honest诚实的；consultative商议的，协商的。答案：A5Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?AUnderstanding Is Everywhere BGenerous PresidentCSympathy Is Needed DAn Unforgetable Memory解析：从文章最后一段判断，作者对这件事刻骨铭心。故D项作文章标题最合适。答案：D。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中(A、

25、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2015江西省八所重点中学高三联考)Bobbi Kristina Browns family has been gathered around her since she was hospitalized on Saturday after being found unconscious in the bathtub of her suburban Atlanta townhome.Whitney Houstons only child is now at Emory University Hospital and is still fighting for h

26、er life, as a family statement said on Monday.Nothing has changed, despite reports that are popping up and painting a more serious picture.Fox News reported Wednesday that the situation is horrific. “Its now a matter of when the family wants to let go and accept that shes pretty much not going to ma

27、ke it，” a source told FOX411. “Theyve left it up to the family as to how long they want to keep her alive.”People Magazine is also reporting that a doctor told Browns family on Wednesday that nothing more could be done. “Everyone is coming to the hospital to say goodbye，” said a family member.And th

28、e Daily Mail says Brown has been taken off life support.But Bobby Brown issued a statement late Thursday denying these reports.“If we issued a statement every time the media published a false report regarding this matter, thats all we would be doing 24 hours a day. This is false, just as is the vast

29、 majority of the other reporting that is currently taking place，” he said, according to the Atlanta Journal Constitution.A source close to the family tells USA TODAY that its wrong to say the family is gathering to say goodbye, because the family has been there since the beginning, so nothing is any

30、 different today for them.Also, Brown is “not brain dead，” as has been reported.And, as for other stories saying that the Houston family is feuding with Bobbi Kristinas dad, Bobby Brown? Those arent true either. They “are NOT fighting，” says our source.文章大意：本文主要讲Kristina病危，几家报社的报道都失真，一家人仍在祈祷出现奇迹。1Ac

31、cording to Fox News, Bobbi Kristina is _.Awithin an inch of lifeBon the way to successCleft aside by her familyDin a good state答案： A细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知选A。within an inch of life半死；on the way to success在成功的路上；left aside by her family被家人放在一边；in a good state状态良好。2Bobby Brown holds the opinion that _.Athey a

32、re busy issuing statements all dayBthe family is saying goodbye to KristinaChe is getting along well with the Houston familyDmost journalists are getting the wrong end of the stick.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第七段But Bobby Brown issued a statement late Thursday denying these reports.可知Bobby Brown认为大部分记者报道失真。故选D。3W

33、hich can be the best title of the passage?A. An Accident In The BathtubB. Kristina, Were Still Praying And Waiting On A MiracleC. False Reports From Different News MediaD. Bobbi Kristinas Final Days答案：B主旨大意题。通读文章，并根据文章的最后一段可知全家人仍在等待奇迹的出现。可知B正确。【2016年沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测（一）】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。DWhen going

34、 through major life changes, like changing careers, I would change the people with whom I spent the most time. Weve all gone through periods when the people in our lives have changedgraduation, moving to a new city, getting a new job, joining a new club, etc. I dont think I need to convince you just

35、 how much influence other people can have over your identity. If youve ever experienced a major switch in your people environment, then you know that you change as well.Most people dont make these choices consciously (意识到地) though. You might consciously decide to spend more time with a certain frien

36、d, or you may ask someone out on a date to begin a new relationship. But few people choose their existing friendships deliberately. Theres no “getting rid of people”. People are always dropping into and out of each others lives. Associations grow into friendships, and friendships fade into associati

37、ons. You dont get rid of anyone. The truth is that in order to make room for new people and new experiences, you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections.What about loyalty (忠诚)? Shouldnt you always be loyal to your friends? Once you have a close friend, even if their influence on you

38、 is slightly harmful, shouldnt you stick by them?Loyalty to a friend sometimes means having to let go. It means being loyal to their highest and best self as well. If someone is destroying his health by smoking, for example, you arent showing loyalty by smoking right along with him. True loyalty som

39、etimes requires that you break damaging connections, get yourself back on solid ground, and then decide what you can really do to help your friend. It can take a lot of courage to tell someone, “Im sorry, but I cant have you in my life anymore.” But even though this might seem like a selfish act at

40、times, its often the best thing for the other person too. If a relationship is holding you back in some way, understand that its also hurting the other person. For example, if you work for a violent boss, your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval, encouraging your boss to

41、 continue to behave violently. 1、When experiencing major life changes, people may _. A. join a new social communityB. influence their friends aroundC. choose their friendships purposely D. have their people environment changed2、. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Everyone has

42、at least one friend.B. It is unnecessary to make new friends.C. Friendship still exists though theres less connection. D. You ought to treat your old and new friends equally.3. What is the authors opinion on the loyalty to friends?A. Never betray your close friends whatever happens. B. Correct their

43、 mistakes while you guard their goodness.C. Stick by your friends even though they do harm to you. D. Break up with your friends immediately if they smoke. 4. How should we behave when employed by a violent boss? A. We should accept what we are told to do.B. We should stay silent and be in favor of

44、it. C. We should bravely disobey him if he is wrong. D. We should give our boss courage to continue. 参考答案14、DCBC【2016年三省四市高三模拟考试英语能力测试】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。AIn his new show, Evan Ruggiero plays guitar, sings pop standards and shows everybody his fine footwork. What makes all of these especially unus

45、ual is that Ruggiero, 24, has only one leg.When he was a 19-year-old musical theater student at New Jerseys Montclair State University, Ruggiero had a rare bone cancer in his right leg. Finally his leg would have to be amputated(截) below the knee.Such a setback could have easily ended the career of

46、a less tough person, but Ruggiero, who has been dancing since he was five, now puts the experience into his performance. His show, “The One-Legged Song and Dance Man: Volume 3”, explains how he returned to dance just 18 months after the amputation. His dance now relies on the use of a peg leg(假肢)，he

47、 explains.The secret to his surprising success, he says, was being a “stubborn” patient who refused to give up on his dance and performing studies, despite the advice of his doctor.“It was a real setback, but after it was all over, I said, You know what? I need to pick up right there I left off and

48、continue my career,” Ruggiero said.Ruggiero has come to view his peg leg as an instrument. “Tap dancers theyre always calling themselves musicians, and their feet are their instrument,” he said.Noting that many audience members will never have seen a one-legged dancer before coming to his show, Rugg

49、iero says he wont shy away from the physical “weakness” his performance shows because of his condition.“A lot of people have come up to me, and they always say, Youre such a role model and an inspiration, ”he said. “Im honored when people say that, of course, but Im just trying to get on with my lif

50、e.” 1.What makes Ruggieros new show unusual?A. His fine footwork. B. His own artworks.C. The use of instrument. D. Songs of pop standard.2. According to the passage, it is true that _. A. Ruggiero is a tough person with a strong will B. the setback has ended Ruggieros dance career C. Ruggiero is dan

51、cing relying on others support D. his doctor agreed he kept on dancing and studying3. When audience attend his performance, they may notice _. A. Ruggiero plays piano, sings and dances B. Ruggiero is a dancer with the help of a peg leg C. there are many tap dancers in the performance D. Ruggiero pretends to be a physically normal person4. Whats the authors attitude to Evan?A. Worry B. Sympathy C. Encouragement D. Pity参考答案14、AABC 版权所有：高考资源网()