2019版高考英语人教全国版一轮预习案：第一部分 必修五 UNIT 1 WORD版含解析.doc

1、必修五Unit 1Great scientists.情景默写1.What the plants pump(抽吸)through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds，VOCs for short.(2017全国卷)2.I suggest that you should make friends with people having different characteristics(特征)or backgrounds.3.Then they identified begging calls b

2、y analyzing(分析)the order and number of notes.(2017江苏卷)4.Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s，according to Robert Mann，an airline industry expert(专家).(2017全国卷)5.That year，I attended(参加)a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.(2017天津卷)6.Sh

3、e suspected(怀疑)that one of her three daughtersthen ten，eight，and sixhad picked it up，but the girls said they hadnt.(2017浙江卷)7.Both the hand movements(运动)and the very idea of communicating without speaking attracted me.(2017全国卷)8.I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame(责备)for Millers acciden

4、t.(2016全国卷)9.Moreover，wider and better social benefits can be reached with the positive(积极的)social images built.(2016江苏卷)10.Apart_from the English class，I took an active part in the English Corner and other afterclass English activities.11.Everyone is supposed to put_forward(提出)some suggestions on h

5、ow to improve our environment at the meeting.12.We must be_strict_with(严格要求)our students meanwhile we should give them love and care as well.13.I wrote a letter of complaint，and the manager has promised to look_into(调查)the matter.14.We cant draw_a_conclusion(得出结论)without having a wide investigation

6、into this matter.15.Eating too much fat can lead_to(导致)heart disease and cause high blood pressure.16.I think that it is I rather than my sister that am_to_blame(应受责备)for what has happened.17.Dont waste time thinking about a sentence which doesnt make_sense(讲得通；有意义).词性转换1.You must read the instructi

7、ons (instruct) before taking the medicine.2.We can come to the conclusion (conclude) that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.3.Her proposal met with continual rejections (reject)，which made her mad.4.I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save peoples lives.(sc

8、ience)5.Mary announced to her teammates that she was to marry a Chinese boy.The announcement of their marriage would appear in the local newspaper next week.(announce)6.The workers are constructing the bridge damaged by the flood，and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town.(con

9、struct)7.They have contributed a lot of money to the school and she has made great contributions_ to education.(contribute)8.I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge.Last week I got a new job in a big firm，and I found it very challenging(challenge).1.句型公式：neither.nor.这个周末，汤姆和他的父母亲都不

10、打算去看电影。Neither_Tom_nor_his_parents_are going to see the film.2.句型公式：every time引导时间状语从句每次我去拜访他，他总是在忙着做家庭作业。Every_time_I_call_on_him，he is always busy with his homework/in doing his homework.3.句型公式：only状语放于句首的倒装句只要你有目标而且持之以恒地去追求，那么你的梦想就能实现。Only if you have a goal and go for it with perseverance can_yo

11、ur dream_beachieved/realized.4.句型公式：形容词作状语他们到达泰山之巅，虽然疲劳但是兴奋。They reached the top of Mountain Tai，tired but_excited.5.句型公式：so.that.起初，学英语看上去那么难以至于我还没尝试就想放弃。At the beginning，learning English seemed so_difficult_that I wanted to give up without even trying.(山东卷满分作文)6.句型公式：It seems that.看上去他们迷路了。It_seem

12、ed_that they were lost.7.句型公式：so that每天晚上，我们可以通过视频联系，半个小时用英语，半个小时用汉语，以便于可以提高我们的口语。We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese，so_that_we_can_improve_our_oral_English.(2015四川卷写作)8.句型公式：have sth done上星期我请人把那扇门刷了油漆。I had_that_door_painted

13、last week.9.句型公式：宾语从句中的虚拟语气我建议我们应该与朋友面对面交流而不是发送信息，以便我们能够保持我们的友谊。I suggest we (should)_communicate_with_our_friends_face_to_face instead of sending text messages so that we can maintain our friendship.(重庆卷满分作文)10.句型公式：with的复合结构随着英语单词在媒体和日常生活中越来越普及，一本汉语词典已收入了239个英文单词。With English_words_getting_popular

14、 in both media and daily life，a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them.(江苏卷满分作文)第一板块 重点单词1.contribute vt.& vi.捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/微写作Located where the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.(2017江苏卷)Your contribution(contribute)will certa

15、inly make the event a huge success.(辽宁卷标准范文)Besides，consulting our teachers can contribute to solve the problems.solvesolvingParticipating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contribution to the class.contributioncontributions如果你想往我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章寄给

16、我。(2015全国卷满分作文)If_you_want_to_contribute_to_our_newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline.状元笔记全记牢(1)contribute sth to.把某物捐献给contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿(2)contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿 对做出贡献【联想】表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有：cause，lead to，result in，bring about等。2.conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/完成句子/

17、一句多译So its safe to_conclude(conclude)that it is reasonable to include English which facilities daily communication.When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to conclude it _with important points.To_conclude(最后)，I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life，which must be ve

18、ry interesting.(2015浙江卷) In_conclusion(总之)，walking is a cheap，safe，enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.我从我自己的经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。(山东卷写作)1 I_have_concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that_wherethere_is_a_will_there_is_a_way.2 I have drawn_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_thatwhere_there_is_

19、a_will_there_is_a_way.状元笔记全记牢(1)conclude从中推断出conclude sth以结束to conclude最后(2)conclusion n.结论come to/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总而言之3.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/句型转换Some people think we shouldnt expose the children to playing (play) computer games.Being_exposed (expose) to stron

20、g sunlight will do harm to your skin.If exposed (expose) to the outside surroundings，theyll be stronger and better prepared for their future.She has the courage to expose herself to the dangers.She has the courage to be exposed to the dangers.状元笔记全记牢(1)expose.to.暴露给；使接触expose oneself to. 使自己暴露于(2)be

21、 exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到【点津】及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式；在expose.to.以及be exposed to结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词。4.cure n.治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗高考必刷题练透介词填空/选词填空(treat，cure)Professor Wang said the reason of shortsightedness is complicated and that there is still no excellent cure for it.The fresh air and exercise cur

22、ed him of his sleeplessness，which made him feel relieved.The doctor treated her headache with the best medicine，but did not cure her of the disease.状元笔记全记牢a cure for.针对的治疗(法)cure sb of sth治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习等【辨析】cure强调结果，“治疗，治愈”，其后可直接加疾病或用于cure sb of sth结构treat强调过程，“治疗”，常用搭配：treat ones疾病或treat sb for疾病5

23、.blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于 n.过失；责备高考必刷题练透对比填空(for，on)/完成句子I am_not_to_blame_for my laziness，mom.Im what you have made me.妈妈，你不该责备我懒惰。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。状元笔记全记牢(1)blame sb for sth为某事责备某人 blame sb for doing sth 责备某人做了某事blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for) 应(为)承担责任；该(为)受责备(2)put/lay the blame for sth on.将某事归咎

24、于【点津】be to blame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。6.attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加高考必刷题练透写出下列句中attend的含义The patients are well attended in the hospital.照顾；护理 You know，my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting. 出席He told me that he had an important party to attend tha

25、t night.参加状元笔记全记牢attend a meeting/a lecture/school参加会议/听讲座/上学attend (on/upon) sb照顾某人；伺候某人attend to处理；对付；接待(顾客)；专心；注意7.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；理解高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/一句多译Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.It takes a few minutes to absorb alcohol into the bloodstream.Look，they a

26、bsorb themselves(them)in the experiment.Absorbed (absorb) in his work，he simply forgot to have supper and sleep.一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他正在专心致志地读书。(2015福建卷)1 A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he_absorbed_himself_in_his_reading.2 A weak ray of light came in through a small ho

27、le in the wall and he_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.状元笔记全记牢(1)absorb.from.从中吸收absorb.into. 把吸收入absorb oneself in. 专心于；全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的(be) absorbed in. 全神贯注于【联想】be absorbed in (doing)sth结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in.。类似的结构还有：be lost in.陷入；专心致志于be caught in. 被困在be buried in. 埋头于be devote

28、d to. 致力于；专心于be occupied in. 忙于be involved in. 专注于8.instruct vt.命令；指示；教导高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/一句多译With the teacher instructing(instruct)them，the students have made great progress in English.You must read the instructions (instruct) before taking the medicine.这些学生需要一位老师来指导他们绘画。1 The students need a teacher t

29、o instruct_them_to_paint.2 The students need a teacher to instruct_them_in_painting.状元笔记全记牢(1)instruct sb to do sth命令某人做某事instruct sb in (doing) sth 指导某人(做)某事(2)instructive adj. 指示性的；有教育意义的instruction n. 指令；说明(常用复数)9.challenge n.挑战 vt.向挑战高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/完成句子I want to challenge him to a game of ba

30、sketball.Teaching young children is a challenging(challenge) and rewarding job.Though his arms hurt，Steven planned to challenge to himself，cycling the 250mile route alone.去掉第二个toExploring outer space is challenge to mankind. is后加aMany Chinese brands，having developed their reputations over centuries，

31、are_facing_new_challenges_from the modern market.(2017江苏卷)很多享有几百年盛誉的中国品牌，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。状元笔记全记牢(1)face the challenge面临挑战accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战(2)challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战某事challenge sb to do sth 向某人挑战做某事(3)challenging adj. 具有挑战性的【点津】challenge本身已内含“向；对”的意义，因而不要再加多余的to。向某人挑战第二板块 核心短语1.put f

32、orward提出(建议等)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨高考必刷题练透写出下列句中put forward的含义/完成句子Weve put the date of their wedding forward by one week.将提前It was Steve Hawking that put forward a theory about black holes.提出You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.将(钟表等)向前拨Can I put you forward as our club secretary？推荐It has

33、become a habit for_some_students_to_put_off_theirhomework.(2015广东卷写作)对有些学生来说推迟他们的作业已成为一种习惯。First he opened a shop and then he put_up_a_sign_outside_the_shop to attract customers.首先，他开了一家商店，然后将一张告示张贴在商店外来吸引顾客。状元笔记全记牢【助记】【联想】put down放下；写下；记下；镇压put on 穿上；上演；增加put off 推迟；延期put up 搭建；张贴；为提供住宿put up with

34、容忍；忍受2.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通高考必刷题练透(1)词汇升级(选用右栏短语替换加黑部分)See，your computer has broken down again! It isnt reasonable to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.doesnt_make_sense/makes_no_senseWe read it through，but could not understand it.make_sense_of(2)句型转换You should lose hear

35、t in no sense; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.(改为倒装句)In no sense should you lose heart;_keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.状元笔记全记牢(1)make sense of理解；明白make no sense 没意义(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装)第三板块 经典句式Neither its cause nor its cure was

36、understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/完成句子Neither my wife nor I was (be) able to persuade my daughter to change her mind and finally she joined in the game.Either you or one of your students is (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.This phenomenon is_neither_good_nor_bad;_it is a

37、fact of college life，today and in the past.(2015北京卷)这种现象既不是很好也不是很差；它就是现实中的大学生活，过去是这样，现在依然还是如此。状元笔记全记牢(1)neither.nor.连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：either.or.不是就是not only.but also. 不仅而且not.but. 不是而是.课文语法填空John Snow，a wellknown doctor in London，became 1.inspired(inspire) when he

38、 thought about helping ordinary people who 2.were_exposed (expose) to cholera，a 3.deadly (dead) disease of its day.Many thousands of people died every time there was an outbreak because no one 4.knew (know) the cause of it.John wanted to help solve 5.the problem.He got interested in two theories 6.e

39、xplaining (explain) how cholera killed people.He believed in the second theory 7.that suggested that people absorbed the disease with their meals.In 1854，8.when another outbreak hit London，he was ready to test the two theories.9.With the help of the map 10.he made，he got a valuable clue about the ca

40、use of the disease and was able to announce that the water was to blame.课文短文改错John Snow is a famous doctor in Londonso expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria for her personal physician.But he became inspiring when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.This was a deadly dise

41、ase of its day.Neither its cause or its cure was understood.So many thousand of terrified people died every time there was the outbreak.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and to solve this problem.He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause found.答案John Snow a famous doctor in

42、 Londonso expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria her personal physician.But he became when he thought about ordinary people exposed to cholera.This was deadly disease of day.Neither its cause its cure was understood.So many of terrified people died every time there was outbreak.John Snow want

43、ed to face the challenge and solve this problem.He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause found.单元要点微写作请根据下面提示写一篇60词左右的报道，介绍上周发生在你们社区的系列案件。案情：怀疑有人从窗户或门口进入到房间；由案情得出相应结论：应及时关窗锁门；提出建议来改正我们的不良习惯，如不要透露外出信息给任何人等；门卫应多加注意；号召大家都应为社区承担责任。【参考范文】A series of cases happened in our community l

44、ast week.We suspected someone of having entered the room through windows or doors，from which we drew a conclusion that doors and windows should be locked in time.Besides，we also put forward several practical suggestions to cure us of our bad habits.First，you should not expose this information to any

45、one when out.Second，the guards should pay more attention.In conclusion，everyone should take the blame for our community.主观题型专项练.语法填空The village of Hengly was going to have the Bean Olympics.Everybody was excited.They couldnt wait 1._ (show) their best bean plants.Cassie planted a special “family bea

46、n” for her family. It was a flat bean 2._ (bring) from Sicily by her greatgrandparents.Cassie was sure she couldnt 3._ (possible) be defeated.Things didnt work out that way，though.Cassies bean plants did not grow as fast or climb as high as any of her neighbors.Ivans bean plants climbed almost to th

47、e top of the fence.4._，Cassies plants were just near the middle of the fence.Cassies beans were in last place on the day of the competition，5._ made her rather disappointed.6._ (point) to Cassies beans，Ivan laughed and said Cassie could win a prize 7._ the worst bean.Having handed out medals for the

48、 fastestgrowing and the tallest bean plants，the organizer，Mr. Williams，said，“Now there 8._ (remain) only one final test：the taste test.”Mr. Williams cooked the beans from each competitor，and five experienced villagers 9._ (choose) as judges.After the judges tasted the beans，Mr. Williams said to Cass

49、ie，“10._ (congratulate) to you，Cassie.The judges all agree that your beans taste best.”【语篇导读】本文为记叙文，题材为生活故事类。本文主要是关于Hengly村庄举行种豆比赛的故事。1.to showcant wait to do sth表示“迫不及待做某事”。2.broughtbrought from Sicily by her greatgrandparents是过去分词短语作定语。3.possibly空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，需用possible的副词形式。4.However该空前后句意义之间存

50、在转折关系，因此用However。5.which关系代词which指代前面整个主句内容，引导非限制性定语从句。6.PointingPointing to.是现在分词短语作状语，分词动作与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系。7.forprize for为固定搭配。8.remains这里是组织者所说的话，用一般现在时说明当时的情况；there位于句首时，句子常用完全倒装，该句的主语是only one final test：the taste test，因此谓语动词用单数。9.were chosen主语是谓语动词动作的承受者，故用被动语态，这里说的是过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。10.Congratulatio

51、nscongratulation常用复数形式，表示“祝贺”。.短文改错There are many teachers work in our school，so my favorite teacher is John Smith.Mr.Smith makes me feel important and successful at school.He is a good role model which inspires us to be better students.He does this by always being enthusiastic，friendly and devoting

52、 to teaching.He is easy to talk and always listens to the problems of his students patient.He even does afterschool group lesson for those students who doesnt understand the knowledge in class.He is also caring for and motivated.He shows that he loves teaching by helping us and working with passion.

53、All these qualities make her not just my favorite but all the students favorite.答案There are many teachers in our school， my favorite teacher is John Smith.Mr.Smith makes me feel important and successful at school.He is a good role model inspires us to be better students.He does this by always being

54、enthusiastic，friendly and to teaching.He is easy to talk and always listens to the problems of his students .He even does afterschool group for those students who understand the knowledge in class.He is also caring and motivated.He shows that he loves teaching by helping us and working with passion.

55、All these qualities make not just my favorite but all the students favorite.书面表达(2018福建模拟)假定你是李华，你的班级决定组织同学们5月30日端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival) 一起骑自行车去西湖观看龙舟比赛。请你给外教史密斯先生写封邮件邀请他上午8：00 在学校门口集合，一同前往，感受中国传统文化。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Mr.Smith，How is everything?Our class is planning to cy

56、cle to the West Lake to watch the dragon boat race on May 30，when the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated nationwide.Well gather at our school gate at 8：00 am.Id like to invite you to go with us and experience this unique Chinese culture.The dragon boat race，originally held in memory of the great poe

57、t Qu Yuan，has now become a common practice and developed into a sport.Im sure it will be exciting and enjoyable.Your presence will certainly add to our pleasure.Do come and have fun.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua语基阶段回扣练,(回扣B4U4B5U1).单元基础知识(单句改错)1.Johns careless work made him lose h

58、is face before his boss.去掉第一个his2.Dont worry.You can leave it to whomever is in charge of the fund raising activities.whomeverwhoever3.It makes a sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.去掉a4.Nurses do all they can to make patients feel with ease.withat5.He is the top student in ou

59、r school.There is no wonder he has been admitted to Beijing University.ThereIt6.Neither the teacher nor the students is content with the result.isare7.Curious enough，a year later the same thing happened again.CuriousCuriously8.He is famous both as a novelist and poet but he is more famous as his nov

60、els.第二个asfor9.He was struck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin.去掉for10.The students are looking forward to represent the school to take part in the sports meet.representrepresenting11.Based your opinion on what you imagine is a terrible thing.BasedBasing12.Although defeating in the m

61、atch，we didnt lose heart.defeatingdefeated13.The pencilbox on the desk as well as the bookmarks belong to my little sister.belongbelongs14.In the near future，more advance in the robot technology will be made by scientists.advanceadvances15.When I opened the door，I found my father sitting in his chai

62、r，completely absorbing in the newspaper.absorbingabsorbed16.I was wondering why you seemed to want to keep everybody at distance.at后加a17.We must take some measures to preserve the endangered animals from killed.from后加being18.Very few of those interviewed spoke positive about their childhood.positive

63、positively.单元语法专练(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.Pressed from his parents，and realizing (realize) that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.2.Disappearing (disappear) from view day by day，the singer is turning to his memories for comfort.3.Basing (base) an important decision

64、more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.4.The case shocked the public，causing (cause) a hot debate over human nature on the Internet.5.If you get lost(lose)in a strange place，youd better not move and wait for help there.6.Judging (judge) from the appearance，it is very peace

65、ful，but in fact，a war will break out soon.7.The puzzled expression on his face showed that the question was puzzling.(puzzle)8.Tasting (taste) good and sweet，this kind of pear was soon sold out in the market.9.He sat in a chair in the shade of the tree，reading(read) a novel.10.The old man，having_wor

66、ked (work) abroad for twenty years，is on the way back to his motherland.11.The student likes reading stories written(write) by Mark Twain.12.The bridge designed(design)by a junior school student is of great importance to people living around.13.My fianc (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for ou

67、r first home.But our funds were limited (limit).14.Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners，a nice elderly couple，we felt the warmth and happiness (happy)of the marriage within that home.15.The girl used to be shy，but is gradually (gradual)getting active in group work and is more willin

68、g to express herself.16.Even so，we decided to talk with the owner (own)directly.17.What was so_impressive (impress) about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted.18.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed (disappoint).19.The children of Nome would be helpless (help) if it (a deadly infectious disease)struck the town.20.My husband was ordered out on a longterm duty，and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.The heat was unbelievable (believable) almost 125F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌).